Clinical nutrition ESPEN最新文献

{"title":"No sex differences in systemic metabolic responses to acute sprint interval training performed after an oral 75-g glucose load in adults with excess adiposity.","authors":"Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Hugo Alejandro Carrillo-Arango, Miguel Alejandro Atencio-Osorio, Carlos Alejandro López-Álban, Juan Carlos Calderon-González, David Morales-Álamo, Mikel Izquierdo, María Correa-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Research exploring sex-based variations in responses to acute sprint interval training (SIT) remains limited. This study aimed to examine the impact of biological sex on the systemic metabolic response to SIT. We hypothesized that acute metabolic responses to SIT would differ between males and females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sedentary adults (15 males; 14 females) with excess adiposity (defined as body fat > 30%) were matched for age (32.8 ± 7.5 vs. 29.5 ± 6.5 years) and body fat mass (33.0 ± 6.9 vs. 33.2 ± 6.8%). Following a 75-g glucose load, participants were randomly allocated to either a control (resting) or SIT trial (8 × 30 s of \"all-out\" cycling at a resistance of 0.075% W kg^-1 of muscle mass, interspersed with 1 min of recovery). Parameters assessed included respiratory quotient (RQ), resting energy expenditure (REE), substrate utilization rates (fat and carbohydrate), total energy output, and blood lactate and glucose levels. These were collected during fasting and at 60, 120, and 240 minutes post-glucose load, with the area under the curve (AUC) calculated for both trials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An interaction was observed between sex × time (P = 0.012) and trial (P < 0.001) for RQ over time; however, there was no significant interaction between sex and trial (P = 0.818). Males exhibited higher mean REE values than females in both conditions. Nevertheless, AUC analysis showed no significant interaction between sex and trial (P = 0.562). A significant trial × time relationship was found for fat and carbohydrate percentage contributions (P < 0.001). Post-SIT, AUCs for fat contribution (g min^-1 and mg kg^-1 min^-1) to energy expenditure increased in both sexes compared with resting (P < 0.05), with differences noted among trials over time (P < 0.001). Blood lactate levels also increased similarly post-SIT in both sexes (P < 0.05), without a significant sex × trial interaction (AUC, P = 0.798).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data demonstrate that exercise differed between the sexes and did not support the premise that acute metabolic responses to SIT would vary between males and females.</p>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of Inflammatory Markers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Through Gut Microbiome-Targeted Interventions: An umbrella review on meta-analyses.","authors":"Arman Habibi, Negin Letafatkar, Nazila Sattari, Sara Nobakht, Zahra Rafat, Saman Soltani Moghdam, Arian Mirdamadi, Mona Javid, Parsa Jamilian, Soheil Hassanipour, Mohammad-Hossein Keivanlou, Ehsan Amini-Salehi","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant global health challenge due to various lifestyle factors contributing to its prevalence and associated complications. Chronic low-grade inflammation, characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Modulation of the gut microbiota through microbiome-targeted therapy (MTT), including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, has emerged as a potential strategy to mitigate inflammation and improve metabolic outcomes in T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines to evaluate the impact of MTT on inflammatory markers in patients with T2DM. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to June 2024, with inclusion criteria limited to English-language meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics on inflammatory markers in T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria, comprising studies investigating the effects of various MTT interventions on CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in T2DM patients. Meta-analysis results indicated significant reductions in CRP (SMD: -0.070; 95% CI: -0.119 to -0.020) and TNF-α (SMD: -0.370; 95% CI: -0.554 to -0.186) levels following MTT, while IL-6 reductions (SMD: -0.070; 95% CI: -0.269 to 0.129) did not reach statistical significance. However, heterogeneity in study quality, intervention protocols, and participant demographics posed challenges in interpretation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While improvements in inflammatory markers with MTT have been observed, significant limitations-such as heterogeneity in study quality and variation in intervention protocols-highlight the need for further research to confirm its efficacy and clarify underlying mechanisms. Future studies should aim to address these limitations by exploring variations in dosage, supplement formulations, and bacterial strains, which are crucial for improving the reliability and broader applicability of MTT in the management of T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Opportunities of Reformulated Foods for Improved Nutritive Values in African Countries.","authors":"Rebecca Oziohu Omosimua, Baskar Venkidasamy, Muthu Thiruvengadam","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dawn-to-dusk intermittent fasting is associated with overexpression of autophagy genes: A prospective study on overweight and obese cohort.","authors":"Lara J Bou Malhab, Mohamed I Madkour, Dana N Abdelrahim, Leen Eldohaji, Maha Saber-Ayad, Nabil Eid, Wael M Abdel-Rahman, MoezAlIslam E Faris","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim and background: </strong>A growing body of evidence supports the impact of intermittent fasting (IF) on longevity and healthy aging via the modulation of autophagy genes. The activation of the catabolic autophagic machinery (LAMP2, LC3B, ATG5, and ATG4D) has protective effects against degenerative aging and chronic diseases. This research examined the changes in the expression of the aforementioned genes upon the observance of dawn-to-dusk IF among metabolically healthy participants with overweight and obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-one (51) participants (36 males and 15 females, 38.84 ± 11.73 years) with overweight and obesity (BMI = 29.75 ± 5.04 kg/m²) were recruited and monitored before and at the end of the commencement of the four-week IF. Six healthy subjects with normal BMI (21.4±2.20 kg/m²) were recruited only to standardize the reference for normal levels of gene expressions. At the two time points, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary assessments were performed, and LAMP2, LC3B, ATG5, and ATG4D gene expressions were assessed using qRT-PCR on RNA extracted from whole blood samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the end of IF, and compared to the pre-fasting levels, the relative gene expressions among participants with overweight/obesity were significantly increased for the three autophagy genes LAMP2, LC3B, and ATG5, with increments of about 4.2 folds, 1.9-fold, and 1.4-fold, respectively. In contrast, the increase in the ATG4D gene was not significant. Concomitantly, significant decreases were found in body weight, BMI, fat mass, body fat percent, hip and waist circumferences, LDL, IL-6, and TNF-a (P <0.05), While HDL, IL-10, and CD163 significantly increased (P <0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis for genetic expressions showed no significant association between high-energy intake, waist circumference, or obesity and the four gene expressions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Four consecutive weeks of dawn-to-dusk IF of Ramadan is associated with the upregulation of autophagy gene expressions in participants with overweight/obesity, and this may explain, at least in part, its favorable short-term temporal metabolic and health-improving effects on early aging-related markers. Hence, IF presumably may entail a protective impact against early markers of aging and metabolic diseases in participants with overweight/obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin and mineral supplements: Are they associated with fatigue?","authors":"Sisi Xie, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Vanessa Kraege","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Vitamin/mineral supplements (VMS) and vitamin/mineral and/or dietary supplements (VMDS) are commonly consumed, based on the belief of their invigorating properties. Still, the association of VMS/VMDS with fatigue in the general population remains sparse and conclusions are mixed. This study aimed to understand the association between VMS/VMDS and fatigue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two cross-sectional studies (2014-2017 and 2018-2021) conducted on a population-based cohort. Participants were divided into VMS/VMDS users and non-users. Fatigue levels were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the 14-item version of the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 2084 (50.8% female, 61.7±9.8 years) and 1728 (49.6% female, 64.1±9.3 years) were included in the first and second surveys, respectively. In the first survey, after multivariable analysis, no association was found between VMS use and FSS: adjusted mean±sem 3.04±0.13 vs. 2.82±0.03 for users and non-users, respectively, p=0.083, while users scored higher in the CFS: 6.17±0.22 vs. 5.72±0.06 for users and non-users, respectively, p=0.048. In the second survey, no association was found between VMS use and FSS (2.83±0.19 vs. 2.84±0.03, p=0.952) and CFS (5.38±0.33 vs. 5.61±0.06, p=0.504). In the first survey, VMDS users scored higher in both FSS (3.03±0.06 vs. 2.76±0.04, p<0.001) and CFS (6.19±0.11 vs. 5.58±0.06, p<0.001) while no differences were found in the second survey in both FSS (2.93±0.07 vs. 2.81±0.04, p=0.161) and CFS (5.78±0.12 vs. 5.54±0.07, p=0.088) CONCLUSION: In this population-based cross-sectional study, the authors found no consistent association between VMS consumption and fatigue. Participants taking VMDS tended to present with higher fatigue scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of time-restricted feeding and weight-loaded swimming test on androgen levels and androgen receptor expression in orchiectomized male Wistar rats.","authors":"Chun Hung Liow, Norhaizan Mohd Esa, Azhar Yaacob, Hazizi Abu Saad","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Testosterone, vital for reproductive health and muscle development, declines with age, increasing susceptibility to conditions like diabetes, obesity and sarcopenia. Conventional hormone therapy carries risks, including elevated prostate-specific antigens and prostate cancer risk, prompting exploration of safer options like intermittent fasting (IF) and physical training (PT) which potentially boost androgen in certain cases. However, their combined impacts on testosterone remain underexplored. This study aimed to assess the individual and combined effects of IF and PT on androgen and androgen receptor (AR) levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 8 each): negative control (NC) receiving food ad libitum without orchiectomized, positive control (PC) receiving daily testosterone enanthate injections, IF with 16/8 time-restricted feeding, PT with 1-hour forced swimming sessions, and combined IF+PT. After 8 weeks, DHEA and testosterone levels, AR expression, gastrocnemius muscle histology, and body weight were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In comparison to the NC group (429.40 ± 26.86 g), body weight in the IF (348.90 ± 15.94 g, PT (391.40 ± 16.35 g), and IF+PT groups, (360.90 ± 29.90 g) was significantly lowered (p < 0.05) after 8 weeks of study. The muscle fiber cross-sectional area in the IF (2968 μm²; IQR 1995-4053 μm²), PT (2956 μm²; IQR 2089-4371 μm²), and IF+PT groups, (3389 μm²; IQR 2260-4596 μm²) was significantly greater than the NC group (2508 μm²; IQR 1800-3567 μm². p < 0.05) after the study. DHEA levels significantly increased in the PT and IF+PT groups (375.01 ±32.55 ng/μL and 420.00 ± 24.50 ng/μL, respectively) compared to the NC group (257.09 ± 67.79 ng/μL, p < 0.05). However, neither IF nor PT, alone or in combination, resulted in improvements in testosterone levels or AR expression in the gastrocnemius muscle. with testosterone levels remained unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IF, PT, and IF+PT demonstrated potential effects on improving androgen levels, managing weight, and enhancing muscle growth, with IF+PT emerging as the most effective intervention. Despite these positive outcomes, the lack of impact on AR expression and testosterone levels suggests the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications for managing androgen deficiency through these interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food additives and their implication in inflammatory bowel disease and metabolic syndrome","authors":"Darislav Besedin ,&nbsp;Rohan Shah ,&nbsp;Charles Brennan ,&nbsp;Elena Panzeri ,&nbsp;Thi Thu Hao Van ,&nbsp;Rajaraman Eri","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past half a century the Western diet (WD) has become saturated with food additives. During the same time, there has been an increase in Western diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Emerging research has shown that food additives may be implicated in these diseases. However, critics have suggested that some of this research is problematic and may cause unnecessary fear amongst consumers. Here we review the emerging research concerning food additives and their implication in IBD and MetS, and criticisms thereof. To make the review more relevant to the WD, we only included common food additives, selected using supermarket data. Over a dozen common food additives from four categories were identified for their potential role in directly promoting these diseases. A consistent limitation of the research was the use of unrealistic human exposure conditions, such as high doses and modes of administration, as well as a lack of human trials. Another limitation was the absence of studies investigating the potential synergetic effect of consuming multiple food additives, as is common in the WD. Despite the limitations, there is some evidence that common food additives may be contributing to these additives, especially via their dysbiotic effect on the gut microbiota.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"64 ","pages":"Pages 483-495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic screening and brief interventions promoting healthy diet and physical activity among adult patients in medical settings: A systematic review.","authors":"Camille Forcier, Aymery Constant, David Val-Laillet, Ronan Thibault, Romain Moirand","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Electronic screening and brief interventions (eSBIs) are promising health promoting approaches but their utilization towards nutrition outcomes has been little documented so far. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the nature and findings of eSBIs targeting diet and/or physical activity (PA) among adult patients in healthcare settings since smartphone technologies emerged.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three systematic searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect and PsycINFO were conducted from January 2010 to May 2023. We include all studies assessing eSBI towards lifestyle habits (dietary habits and/or PA at least), implemented in healthcare settings and targeting adult participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1981 articles identified, 15 studies met inclusion criteria. Most of them documented eSBIs implemented in primary care (n = 11), targeting PA (n = 11) and diet (n = 9) alone or combined (n = 5). Some eSBIs targeted additional behaviors (e.g. smoking, drinking). Delivery modes included computer (n = 8), printed documents (n = 8) or phone (n = 2) but only four eSBIs were interactive (or partially automated). In addition to personalized feedback, most common behavior change techniques were \"information about social and environmental consequences\" (n = 9), \"goal setting\" (n = 7), and \"information about health consequences\" (n = 7). Most studies assessing behavior change had a control group (8 in 10), and eight studies found positive changes in behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although implementing eSBIs towards PA/diet among adult patients in medical settings seems promising for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention, common conceptual framework, intervention and outcomes are severely lacking, and the extent to which they follow existing SBI guidelines remains unclear. Demonstrating their effectiveness requires fixing these issues before conducting prospective assessment studies in medical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":"509-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini nutritional assessment short form as a predictor of mortality among older adults with dementia residing in group homes: A 5-year longitudinal study","authors":"Kenichiro Yasutake ,&nbsp;Marina Kawano ,&nbsp;Hideaki Kumahara","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Many people with dementia frequently experience various health-related problems and are known to have poor nutritional status. However, very few studies have examined the nutritional status of dementia residents in group homes, which play an important role in a society-wide system of support for people with dementia, or the relationship between nutritional status and long-term prognosis. This study was conducted to determine the nutritional status of group-home residents and to examine the relationship between nutritional status and the 5-year survival rate.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participant characteristic (e.g., age, sex, body mass index, and medical history) and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), Barthel index (BI), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) data were collected from 79 older people (12 men/67 women; mean age: 88.3 ± 5.5 years) residing in 5 group homes as a baseline survey. Mortality data were obtained from medical records using an endline survey.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The nutritional status of the participants using the MNA-SF was normal, at risk of malnutrition, and malnourished in 15.2 % (n = 12), 69.6 % (n = 55), and 15.2 % (n = 12) of participants, respectively. Following the survey, mortality data were collected for 5 years, and the 5-year survival rates were 64.3 % in those with normal nutritional status, 30.4 % in those at risk of malnutrition, and 9.1 % in the malnourished group, with a significant difference observed in the Kaplan–Meier analysis (p &lt; 0.001). The hazard ratio for the MNA-SF scores and survival rates adjusted for sex, age, BI, and CDR were significant 0.80 [0.69–0.93, p = 0.003].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study showed that 84.8 % of patients with dementia residing in group homes were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition and that low MNA-SF levels were an independent determinant of the 5-year survival rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"64 ","pages":"Pages 455-460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic biomarkers of appetite control in Parkinson's disease patients with and without cognitive impairment","authors":"Mario Siervo ,&nbsp;Fionnuala Johnston ,&nbsp;Emily Calton ,&nbsp;Anthony James ,&nbsp;Blossom C.M. Stephan ,&nbsp;Amanda K.E. Hornsby ,&nbsp;Jeffrey S. Davies ,&nbsp;David Burn","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Appetite dysregulation in Parkinson's Disease (PD) appears to be linked to physical and cognitive deterioration. PD patients with and without cognitive impairment (CI) were compared to an age-matched control group to explore predictors of appetite control in fasting and post-prandial conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-five patients were recruited and divided into three groups: twenty controls (age: 74 y, BMI: 25.8 kg/m²), nineteen PD patients without CI (72.5 y, 25.1 kg/m²) and sixteen PD patients with CI (74.3 y, 24.0 kg/m²). Self-reported appetite perception and circulating blood metabolic biomarkers were measured in fasting and over a 3-h post-prandial period. Biomarkers included glucose, insulin, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leptin, acyl-ghrelin, total ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY), glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1), insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), growth factor (GF) and triglycerides. Patients were then provided with a mixed meal to eat <em>ad libitum</em> with the aim to evaluate links between metabolic biomarkers and control of energy intake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PD patients with CI had a significant lower protein intake (7.4 ± 2.5 g, p = 0.01) compared to controls (21.9 ± 3.1 g) and PD patients without CI (14.3 ± 3.0 g). Post-prandial plasma GLP-1 concentrations were associated with decreased hunger perception (B±SE, −5.3 ± 2.4  mm·h⁻¹, p = 0.04). PYY concentrations were significantly associated with GLP-1 in fasting (r = 0.40, p = 0.005) and post-prandial (r = 0.46, p &lt; 0.001) conditions. In a multivariate model, post-prandial PYY concentrations were a significant predictor of <em>ad libitum</em> energy intake in all subjects (B±SE, −87.5 ± 34.9 kcal, p = 0.01) and in patients with PD (B±SE, −106.8 ± 44.9 kcal, p = 0.04).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PYY and GLP-1 appeared to influence appetite control in PD patients and their roles merit further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"64 ","pages":"Pages 425-434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}