Clinical nutrition ESPEN最新文献

{"title":"Dietary management of functional constipation in disorders of gut-brain interaction – A scoping review","authors":"Vanessa Quan ,&nbsp;Sharon Carey","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Functional constipation is one of the most prevalent disorders of gut-brain interaction, but available dietary interventions haven't been comprehensively collated.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The aim of this scoping review was to synthesise the current evidence surrounding dietary-based interventions used to manage functional constipation in adults and to identify any gaps among published dietary management strategies that could warrant further research, namely a systematic review.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive database search was conducted on MEDLINE, CINAHL and Web of Science capturing the notions of ‘dietary management’ and ‘disorders of gut-brain interaction’, from which two rounds of screening were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty primary studies and twelve review papers were included in this review. These 52 papers non-exclusively cover a range of dietary domains including fibre supplementation (n = 15), microbiome modulation using prebiotics, probiotics or synbiotics (n = 26), functional foods (n = 10), fluid intake (n = 6) and other dietary approaches (n = 7). Fiber supplementation with psyllium is the current strongest dietary recommendation, with emerging strong evidence backing functional fruits like kiwifruit and prunes. Meanwhile the efficacy for all other approaches cannot be accurately deduced due to limited well-designed studies or conflicting evidence. However, improvements to constipation severity or symptoms have been observed with probiotics with both <em>Bifidobacterium</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em> components, galacto-oligosaccharides, partially hydrolysed guar gum and various synbiotic formulations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This paper contributes to the growing research around functional constipation where the open-ended approach allowed for identification and synthesis of all nutrition strategies trialed in the literature. We recommend further studies to be conducted on prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics to determine its potential role in constipation management for this cohort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145751762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Error reduction as a calibration strategy for body composition measurements: A comparison between bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorption","authors":"André Luiz de Góes Pacheco ,&nbsp;Gabriela Carvalho Jurema Santos ,&nbsp;Denise Mirelli Leão Costa ,&nbsp;João Victor Cavalcanti Fraga ,&nbsp;Henrique Silva Sacramento ,&nbsp;Jonathan Manoel da Costa ,&nbsp;Shyrley Fernanda Mbanze ,&nbsp;Cheid Chongo ,&nbsp;Jéssica Gonzaga Pereira ,&nbsp;Thiago França de Santana ,&nbsp;Fabiane de Oliveira Freitas ,&nbsp;Estevan Luiz da Silva ,&nbsp;Jaime Cesar dos Santos Fh ,&nbsp;Rafael dos Santos Henrique ,&nbsp;Carol Góis Leandro","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.11.163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.11.163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Accurate diagnosis of obesity relies on valid body composition assessment methods. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the clinical gold standard for assessing body composition. Still, it is costly, leading to the widespread use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) scales, which often yield values that differ from those obtained with DEXA. This study aimed to: (a) quantify the error between anthropometric variables measured by BIA and DEXA; (b) identify variables with the highest and lowest errors, including sex- and body mass index (BMI)- specific analyses; and (c) propose a percentile-based calibration and ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regression method to reduce measurement error.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-one participants (33 men, 28 women; aged 24–63 years) underwent height, weight, BMI, and body composition assessments using BIA and DEXA. A mirrored dataset was created using both methods. A linear-percentile calibration and OLS approach was used to align empirical quantiles, adjusting BIA measurements to DEXA standards.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After calibration, the variables showed the highest predictive accuracy, while the trunk and limb BFM variables performed the worst, with trunk FFM (fat-free mass) improving only by the OLS method. Calibration reduced errors in most BMI and sex groups, except for trunk FFM and leg FFM, for which calibration showed no benefit.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>BIA demonstrates systematic measurement errors compared to DEXA. However, calibration through percentile alignment led to notable improvements, with the regression models showing a significant improvement in agreement between methods within this sample. offering a practical strategy to enhance the accuracy of BIA-based assessments in clinical and research contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145699928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Konjac mannan oligosaccharides as a sustainer of fasting-associated gut microbiome signature after discontinuation of intermittent fasting in overweight individuals: A protocol for an open-label randomized clinical trial","authors":"Junhong Su ,&nbsp;Guorong Ma ,&nbsp;Xianghua Tang ,&nbsp;Zhongren Ma ,&nbsp;Zhenrong Xie ,&nbsp;Maikel P. Peppelenbosch","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Our previous studies show that the improvement in cardiometabolic traits by intermittent fasting is associated with remodeling the gut microbiome, with short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) producing bacteria being evident. These effects, however, are largely lost when intermittent fasting is discontinued. Konjac mannan oligosaccharides (KMOS) are a commercial nature-deprived prebiotic, which has been reported to increase the levels of intestinal SCFA-producing bacteria. However, the capacity of continued KMOS consumption to maintain intermittent fasting-provoked levels of SCFA-producing bacteria, remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study aims to test whether a KMOS supplement positively affects fasting-provoked SCFA-producing bacteria levels during, and in particularly, after discontinuation of intermittent fasting. This prospective, randomized, controlled trial will be conducted in overweight volunteers aged 18–65. All participants will perform one month of intermittent fasting followed by one month of an <em>ad libitum</em> diet. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive KMOS (1.5 g/d) during fasting, both during fasting and the subsequent <em>ad libitum</em> period, or neither. Primary outcomes will be relative abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria in fecal samples, as determined by 16s rRNA sequencing. Secondary outcomes will be changes in body weight, blood pressure, and serum lipid levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings from this trial will answer the question whether KMOS can maintain fasting-associated SCFA producer level and metabolic benefits when fasting is discontinued.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>ChiCTR2200058139.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of blood Omega-3 fatty acid, inflammatory markers, and lung function in UK biobank participants with inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Hsien-Yu Fan ,&nbsp;Yih-Jong Chern ,&nbsp;Hsin-Yin Hsu ,&nbsp;Po-Jui Lai ,&nbsp;Ming-Chieh Tsai ,&nbsp;Kuo-Liong Chien ,&nbsp;Chih-Jun Lai ,&nbsp;Chiu-Li Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.11.160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.11.160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Blood omega-3 fatty acids have been linked to inflammatory markers and lung function, but their effects in participants with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate inflammatory markers in the relationship between blood omega-3 fatty acids and lung function in IBD participants and subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Design, setting and patients</h3><div>A total of 497,134 UK Biobank participants were screened, and 3340 participants with IBD were included in the analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Exposures and outcomes</h3><div>Participants were classified into quintiles based on blood omega-3 fatty acid levels (% of total fatty acids), with Q1 as the reference. Linear regression compared inflammatory markers across quintiles. We then examined how inflammatory markers might link omega-3 levels to lung function.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>IBD participants, particularly those with Crohn's disease, showed stronger reductions in inflammatory biomarkers—white blood cells, basophils, neutrophils, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios, and C-reactive protein (CRP) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001)—at higher omega-3 levels. CRP and neutrophils were potential mediators between omega-3 levels and lung function (FEV₁ and FVC). A 1 % increase in omega-3 levels reduced CRP by 0.27 mg/L and neutrophils by 0.07 × 10⁹ cells/L, corresponding to reductions of 10.88 mL in FEV₁ and 12.36 mL in FVC for CRP, and 38.20 mL in FEV₁ and 39.36 mL in FVC for neutrophils. Mediation analysis showed that CRP and neutrophils accounted for 21 % (<em>p</em> = 0.01) and 18 % (<em>p</em> = 0.02) of the FEV1 effect, and 22 % (<em>p</em> = 0.049) and 16 % (<em>p</em> = 0.049) of the FVC effect, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher omega-3 fatty acid levels were associated with reduced inflammatory biomarkers, which may also be associated with lung health in individuals with IBD, particularly those with Crohn's disease. Future studies should investigate additional immune mediators, including cytokines and chemokine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145667416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can the 13C-octanoic acid breath test accurately measure gastric emptying after sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass? A proof-of concept analysis","authors":"Nele Steenackers ,&nbsp;Patrick Augustijns ,&nbsp;Wies Deckers ,&nbsp;Ellen Deleus ,&nbsp;Christophe M. Deroose ,&nbsp;Matthias Lannoo ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Ann Mertens ,&nbsp;Tim Vanuytsel ,&nbsp;Greet Vandermeulen ,&nbsp;Roman Vangoitsenhoven ,&nbsp;Kristin Verbeke ,&nbsp;Bart Van der Schueren ,&nbsp;Christophe Matthys","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bariatric surgery alters gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology, complicating functional assessments such as gastric emptying. The 13C-octanoic acid breath test is a simple, non-invasive alternative to scintigraphy, though its validity in bariatric populations requires further validation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For this proof-of-concept analysis, gastric emptying data were derived from a cross-sectional study including individuals with obesity, sleeve gastrectomy, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Gastric emptying was measured simultaneously using the ¹³C-octanoic breath test and the reference method, scintigraphy. Gastric emptying half-times (GET_1/2) were compared between the two methods using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests in each group. Concordance between both methods was assessed using Kendall's tau correlation coefficients, and Bland–Altman plots.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant inter-method differences were observed for GET_1/2 in any group. Mean differences were −26.7 min (95 % CI: −72.3; 18.6) for obesity, −3.92 min (95 % CI: −30.8; 23.0) for sleeve gastrectomy, and −8.55 min (95 % CI: −21.3; 4.18) for RYGB. Kendall's tau coefficients indicated positive rank associations within each group, but were non-significant (Obesity: 0.8, <em>P</em> = 0.16; sleeve gastrectomy: 0.90, <em>P</em> = 0.13; RYGB: 0.57, <em>P</em> = 0.33). Bland–Altman plots demonstrated acceptable agreement between the measurements across all groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This proof-of-concept analysis suggests that the 13C-octanoic acid breath test has potential as a valid, non-invasive method for assessing gastric emptying in post-bariatric surgery patients. However, larger validation studies are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102891"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145877834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional risk and six-year mortality in adult patients admitted to a referral hospital: A cohort study","authors":"Ricardo Alfonso Merchán-Chaverra ,&nbsp;Diana Julieth Vargas Moreno ,&nbsp;Jorge Medina-Parra ,&nbsp;María Paula Guzmán Silva ,&nbsp;Marcela Moreno Pérez ,&nbsp;Yeny Marjorie Cuellar Fernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.11.149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.11.149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malnutrition is a significant public health issue. Timely identification and management of nutritional risk at hospital admission or during hospitalization can improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of nutritional risk in adult patients admitted at a referral center.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from adult patients admitted to a 4th-tier hospital. The Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) was employed to identify patients at nutritional risk or with malnutrition. Quantile regression analysis was performed to identify variables associated with prolonged hospital stays. Additionally, survival analysis through 2024 was conducted based on nutritional risk categories at admission.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 26,122 patient records were analyzed. Of these, 12 % (<em>n</em> = 3249) had nutritional risk. Nutritional risk, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and oncology unit hospitalization were independently associated with longer median hospital stays (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Nutritional risk was also linked to increased mortality: Hazard Ratio (HR) 4.47, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, but also the score 1 without nutritional risk HR 1.82, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Score 1 without nutritional risk, nutritional risk, ICU and oncology unit hospitalization were significant factors associated with prolonged hospital stays (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, score 1 without nutritional risk, nutritional risk at hospital admission was associated with increased six-year mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145630653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of cardiometabolic and lifestyle risk variables with high-density lipoprotein metabolites in hypertensive and normotensive overweight women: Findings from a randomized trial of mixed dietary fibers","authors":"Cássia Surama Oliveira da Silva ,&nbsp;Rafaella Cristhine Pordeus Luna ,&nbsp;Mussara Gomes Cavalcanti Alves Monteiro ,&nbsp;Carla Patricia Novaes dos Santos Fechine ,&nbsp;Josean Fechine Tavares ,&nbsp;Augusto Lopes Souto ,&nbsp;Flávia Cristina Fernandes Pimenta ,&nbsp;Ana Herminia Andrade e Silva ,&nbsp;Alcides da Silva Diniz ,&nbsp;Celso Costa da Silva Júnior ,&nbsp;Caio César Ferreira Alverga ,&nbsp;Sócrates Golzio dos Santos ,&nbsp;Darlene Camati Persuhn ,&nbsp;Maria José de Carvalho Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Limited knowledge exists regarding the protective effects of dietary fiber on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and blood pressure (BP). This study aimed to examine associations between cardiometabolic and lifestyle risk variables, with emphasis on HDL metabolites, following a mixed dietary fiber intervention in hypertensive and normotensive overweight women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included four groups: Group 1 (G1, hypertensive) and Group 3 (G3, normotensive) received 12 g/day of mixed dietary fiber, whereas Group 2 (G2, hypertensive) and Group 4 (G4, normotensive) received a placebo (corn starch) for 8 weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant associations were observed in G1 and G3. In G1, increases in total serum HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) were positively associated with increases in the relative peak areas of HDL metabolites at 0.84 ppm and 0.88 ppm, and negatively associated with HDL at 1.24 ppm. In G3, positive associations were observed between total serum HDL-C and HDL metabolites at 0.88 ppm and 1.24 ppm. Additionally, reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were found in G1, and reductions in SBP were found in G3 and G4.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These HDL metabolites may serve as potential targets for the prevention of cardiovascular risk factors, particularly through increasing HDL-C and reducing total cholesterol and BP, as observed in this sample following the mixed dietary fiber intervention.</div><div>Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-2PH4F9 <span><span>https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-2ph4f9</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145707598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of the clinical outcomes and use of blenderized tube feeds and commercial food-based formulas in pediatrics","authors":"Alyssa V. Ramuscak ,&nbsp;Inez Martincevic ,&nbsp;Jessie M. Hulst","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Blenderized tube feeding (BTF) is the use of blended whole foods and liquids given into the gastrointestinal (GI) system via an enteral access device, such as a gastrostomy tube. With an increased interest among caregivers as well as clinicians in BTFs, variations have evolved including homemade BTFs (HBTFs), commercially prepared BTFs (CBTFs), and commercial food-based formula (CFBF). Convenient, ready-to-use alternatives to HBTFs, either CBTFs or CFBFs, are considered appealing by tube-fed patients and/or their caregivers, as well as health care providers. While CBTFs or CFBFs may offer similar benefits to HBTFs, research on these products has been sparse. This scoping review aims to map and summarize the currently available literature on CBTFs, CFBFs, or commercially blenderized feeds (CBFs) when undifferentiated in the study, as well as offer recommendations for clinical practice and future research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A comprehensive search strategy was developed and applied across four databases: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R), CINAHL, and Web of Science. Eligible studies were full-text, English language, articles that reported on the use of CBFs among the pediatric population receiving enteral nutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Key outcome themes identified included clinical outcomes (GI symptoms, stool patterns, growth and weight, GI microbiome, and emergency department visits and hospitalizations), nutritional adequacy, satisfaction and quality of life, and viscosity and the effects of the administration of CBFs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Current evidence suggests that CBFs may improve GI tolerance, support greater gut microdiversity, reduce medical burdens, and enhance quality of life in pediatric patients receiving enteral nutrition. Nevertheless, the limited number and methodological heterogeneity of studies highlight the need for more rigorous research to determine the long-term safety, efficacy, and nutritional adequacy of these formulas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145751767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple regression models to predict electrical bioimpedance variables through anthropometric and simple measures in children aged 6–12 years","authors":"Paulo Roberto Santos Lopes ,&nbsp;Gisele Bailich ,&nbsp;Vinicius Layter Xavier ,&nbsp;Igor Lima ,&nbsp;Danubia da Cunha de Sá-Caputo ,&nbsp;Redha Taiar ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Zaborowska-Sapeta ,&nbsp;Mario Bernardo-Filho ,&nbsp;André Everton de Freitas ,&nbsp;Anelise Sonza","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.11.162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.11.162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Obesity is one of the most common nutritional and metabolic disorders worldwide, affecting all age groups. Multiple regression models can be used to predict bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) variables in various populations. These models incorporate a set of anthropometric and simple measures to improve the accuracy of predicting BIA variables. The goal was to develop and internally validate multiple regression models to predict BIA variables using simple clinical and anthropometric measurements in children aged 6–12 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study employs an observational cross-sectional design. Body mass, height, body composition through BIA, anthropometric circumferences, and skinfolds were evaluated. Anthropometric indices were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using R software. Non-parametric statistical tests were applied after a normality test. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to assess linear associations between each pair of variables. The multiple regression models were adjusted using a stepwise method with the Akaike information criterion. The significance level was p ≤ 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study evaluated 128 children subdivided into eutrophic (N = 64) matched for sex and age with overweight (N = 30) and obese (N = 34) groups matched by sex and age. Significant correlations were observed between BIA variables and simple clinical and anthropometric measurements. Variables with the highest correlations with simple clinical and anthropometric measurements were body fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass, total body water, and fat-free mass, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Multiple regression analysis indicated that simple clinical and anthropometric measurements could be used to estimate BIA variables in children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145676668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of muscle mass, muscle density and obesity on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19","authors":"Paulo Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Eduardo Leite Vieira Costa ,&nbsp;Davi Romão ,&nbsp;Naiara Lima Matos ,&nbsp;Montserrat Montes Ibarra ,&nbsp;Carla M. Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.102878","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Obesity is generally recognized as an independent risk factor for poor outcomes in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, some studies report a paradoxical protective effect. Findings may be mediated by low muscle mass, a relevant predictor of poor clinical outcomes in critically ill patients. We aimed to investigate the association of body mass index (BMI), baseline low muscle mass index (SMI) and low muscle density (SMD) with clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Design&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care center in São Paulo, Brazil. We included all consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) from March 1st, 2020, to May 31st, 2021, with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and who had a measured SMI and SMD by thoracic computed tomography (CT) at admission. SMI and SMD were assessed from a transverse image at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra (T12), and BMI at admission was calculated. The association between coprimary exposures BMI, low SMI, low SMD and hospital mortality was assessed through multivariable analysis accounting for confounding factors such as age, sex, Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS 3) and comorbidities.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 962 patients were included; 63.7 (±15.3) years; 75.8 % males. SMI was assessed in all patients; however, 33 with contrast CTs were excluded from the SMD analysis. The prevalence of low SMI was 21.6 % (208/962). The prevalence of low SMD was 22.7 % (211/929). A total of 391 (40.6 %) patients were classified as overweight, and 393 (40.8 %) as having obesity. Hospital mortality was 14.3 %, increasing to 26.2 % for patients aged ≥65 years. We found no significant association between BMI, SMI or SMD and hospital mortality.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Patients with low SMI were more likely to undergo extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (P = 0.045), required longer duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) (p &lt; 0.001), and had prolonged ICU and hospital stays (p &lt; 0.001). Low SMD was independently associated only with ICU readmission (p = 0.034) and longer hospital stay (p &lt; 0.001). Patients with a higher BMI were more likely to be intubated and placed under MV (p &lt; 0.001). Higher BMI was also associated with longer ICU (p = 0.001) and hospital stays (p = 0.049). Patients with obesity and low SMI had longer ICU (p = 0.033), and hospital (p &lt; 0.001) stays, and extended MV duration compared to those with obesity and normal SMI (p = 0.003).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;BMI, low SMI, and low SMD were not associated with in-hospital mortality in this cohort. However, these parameters were important predictors of morbidity, including longer ICU and hospital stays, greater need for mechanical ventilation, and ICU readmissions. These findings highlight the importance of assessing body composition parameters in critically ill patients with COVI","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145751780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}