Clinical nutrition ESPEN最新文献

{"title":"Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity over the last 20 years","authors":"Sara Lema Muyulema ,&nbsp;Tannia Valeria Carpio-Arias ,&nbsp;Nervo Verdezoto ,&nbsp;Verónica Elizabeth Guanga Lara ,&nbsp;Angelica Solís Manzano ,&nbsp;Hector Pulgar ,&nbsp;María Fernanda Vinueza Veloz","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Child overweight and obesity is associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases. The present work aimed to explain the global trends of overweight in children under 5 years during the last two decades in comparison to the global nutrition targets.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analysed secondary data from the Global Nutrition Report 2020 report for the years 2000–2020 from 194 countries, distributed in 23 sub-regions to examine the changes in prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity in children under five years of age. We also analysed the number of countries with applied national policies on overweight and obesity and their progress against the global nutrition targets.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis from 194 countries showed that children under five years constituted 8 % of the world population. In the last 20 years, the global prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has risen from 5.4 % to 5.7 % since 2000 to 2022. North and South Africa, West, and East Asia, North and South America, Eastern and Northern Europe, Polynesia, Micronesia, Australia, and New Zealand are the subregions with the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity. Furthermore, regions with the highest number of children affected include Asia with more than 18 million (48 %) and Africa with more than 10 million (27 %). More than half of the countries for which data were available had not reached the global nutrition target for childhood overweight by 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of childhood overweight in most of the regions of the world has been steadily increasing during the last two decades. Our findings indicate that if public health measures are not implemented, 2025 World Health Organization's global nutrition targets and 2030 Sustainable Development Goals will not be reached.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"65 ","pages":"Pages 453-460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the associations between a dual diagnosis of malnutrition and obesity and length of stay, readmissions, and 12-month mortality in patients aged >65 yrs admitted to hospital – A retrospective observational single-centre study","authors":"Emma Sganzerla ,&nbsp;Ranjeev Chrysanth Pulle ,&nbsp;Donna Hickling ,&nbsp;Jack Bell","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Despite the protective effect of obesity on mortality in older patients, the dual diagnosis of obesity and malnutrition may worsen outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether obese patients aged 65 years and over with a diagnosis of malnutrition have different outcomes to obese, non-malnourished peers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study of inpatients included 9 years of data from annual Malnutrition Audits (2011–2019). Obesity was defined as Body Mass Index (BMI) &gt; 30 kg/m²; malnutrition was defined by Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) category B or C. Logistic regression analyses were used to consider the association between a concurrent diagnosis of malnutrition and obesity and outcomes including: 12-month mortality, prolonged length of stay (defined as &gt;50th centile, very prolonged as &gt;75th centile) and hospital readmission within 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>326 obese patients aged 65 years and over were included. Median patient age was 76.1 years, with 51.8 % female. 37 patients (11 %) were malnourished and obese, with a median BMI of 32.9 kg/m². Malnutrition increased the odds of prolonged length of stay (OR:3.30, 95 % CI 1.58–6.91, p = 0.002) and very prolonged length of stay (OR: 4.17, 95 % CI 1.89–9.21, p = &lt;0.001), as well as increased 12-month mortality (OR: 2.89, 95 % CI 1.40–5.96, p = 0.004). Malnutrition was not associated with increased hospital presentations within 12 months (p = 0.531).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Older patients with a dual diagnosis of obesity and malnutrition have worse outcomes than their obese but non-malnourished peers. The presence of obesity should not preclude the assessment of nutritional status in older patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"65 ","pages":"Pages 478-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjusting total daily energy intake is crucial for evaluating the impact of macronutrient ratios on mortality risk","authors":"Huei-Fang Wang,&nbsp;Yu-Hsuan Han,&nbsp;Pei-Fang Yin,&nbsp;Gulele Dulivuwan,&nbsp;Yuan-Tung Chang,&nbsp;Chih-Chung Shiao","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"65 ","pages":"Pages 256-257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between muscle mass, visceral adiposity, and histologic tumor stromal features in colon cancer","authors":"Cor Ravensbergen ,&nbsp;Robert van Kooten ,&nbsp;Stijn Crobach ,&nbsp;Hein Putter ,&nbsp;Willem Grootjans ,&nbsp;Ana Navas Cañete ,&nbsp;Koen Peeters ,&nbsp;Rob Tollenaar ,&nbsp;Wilma Mesker","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Sarcopenia and obesity are indicators for poor outcomes in colon cancer. Additionally, aggressive histopathologic tumor stromal features, such as a low tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) and low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) predict survival and treatment response. As their relationship remains underexplored, we studied the association between skeletal muscle mass, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), TSR, and TILs in patients with colon cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We studied 194 stage II/III colon carcinoma patients who underwent elective surgery. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans classified patients into four groups based on skeletal muscle index (normal/low) and visceral adipose tissue index (normal/high). Tumor tissues were assessed for TSR and TILs, and five-year disease recurrence and relative hazard were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the patients, 56 (28.9 %) were classified as Normal Muscle, Normal VAT, 26 (13.4 %) as Normal Muscle, High VAT, 75 (38.7 %) as Low Muscle, Normal VAT, and 37 (19.1 %) as Low Muscle, High VAT. Patients with low skeletal muscle mass were more often male (62.5 % vs. 39 %, <em>P</em> = 0.005). Stroma-high tumors were less common in Low Muscle, Normal VAT patients (24 %) compared to Normal Muscle, High VAT (50 %), Low Muscle, High VAT (48.6 %), and Normal Muscle, Normal VAT (41.1 %) patients (<em>P</em> = 0.020). Tumors with low TILs were similarly distributed across groups (<em>P</em> = 0.679). Low Muscle, Normal VAT patients had a lower recurrence hazard compared to both Low Muscle, High VAT (hazard ratio [HR] 0.34, 95 % CI 0.12–0.98, <em>P</em> = 0.048) and Normal Muscle, Normal VAT (HR 0.31, 95 % CI 0.11–0.87, <em>P</em> = 0.027) patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Low Muscle, Normal VAT colon cancer patients exhibited fewer aggressive tumor features and a lower recurrence risk compared to Low Muscle, High VAT patients. These findings highlight the importance of body composition in tumor biology and prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"65 ","pages":"Pages 282-287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optimized non-opioid multimodal analgesia regimen to promote rapid recovery of patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Kaiyun Fang ∗ ,&nbsp;Li Sun ,&nbsp;Yi Ma ,&nbsp;Shaopeng Gang ,&nbsp;Lingyan Li ,&nbsp;Xiaona Zhou ,&nbsp;Jixin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"65 ","pages":"Pages 495-496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocols in Cardiac Surgery: Impact of Opioid-Sparing Protocols","authors":"Luc Lavanchy ∗ ,&nbsp;Mario Verdugo-Marchese ,&nbsp;Zied Ltaief ,&nbsp;Valentine Melly ,&nbsp;Marius Hennemann ,&nbsp;Caroline Botteau ,&nbsp;Anna Nowacka ,&nbsp;Vania Carreira Augusto ,&nbsp;Ziyad Gunga ,&nbsp;Dan Carel ,&nbsp;Tamila Abdurashidova ,&nbsp;Matthias Kirsch ,&nbsp;Valentina Rancati","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"65 ","pages":"Pages 504-505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between serum Omega-6 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease mortality: a competing risks and multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Huimin Zhao, Meirong Guo, Changlin Yang, Fangkai Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>The impact of serum Omega-6 fatty acids on cardiovascular health is debated, with evidence supporting both protective and harmful effects. To investigate the association between serum Omega-6 fatty acid and mortality from all causes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), utilizing advanced statistical methodologies including competing risk models and multivariate Mendelian randomization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of 5,070 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2011 to 2014 wave were analyzed, with follow-up data on mortality sourced from the National Death Index. Serum Omega-6 fatty acids level was measured at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression and competing risks models was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and CVD mortality by baseline Omega-6 fatty acids level. Restricted cubic splines were used to explore the nonlinearity. Mendelian randomization to assess the causal relationships between Omega-6 levels and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>438 all-cause deaths and 137 CVD deaths were observed during an 83 months median follow-up. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a U-shaped correlation between baseline serum Omega-6 fatty acid levels with all-cause and CVD mortality risks. Subgroup analysis indicated that for the low-level Omega-6 fatty acid participants, the hazard ratios were 0.68 (95% CI, 0.55-0.85) for all-cause mortality and 0.62 (95% CI, 0.40-0.95) for CVD mortality. Conversely, for the high-level participants, the hazard ratios were 1.14 (95% CI, 1.01-1.28) for all-cause mortality and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.05-1.44) for CVD mortality. Both univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses confirmed a positive causal relationship between higher serum Omega-6 fatty acid levels and increased CVD mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest a U-shaped relationship between serum Omega-6 fatty acid levels and mortality risks, with elevated levels linked causally to increased CVD mortality. These results underscore the need for balanced dietary Omega-6 fatty acid intake to optimize cardiovascular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household food insecurity and nutritional status of pre-school children following relaxation of corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) restrictions","authors":"Abdullah H. Anaqreh ,&nbsp;Hani J. Hamad ,&nbsp;Maher M. Al-Dabbas ,&nbsp;Ahmad Sundookah ,&nbsp;Fadwa Alhalaiqa ,&nbsp;Rawan Al-Jaloudi ,&nbsp;Mohammad A. Al-Ma'ani ,&nbsp;Radi A. Al-Tarawneh","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Studies found a high prevalence of household food insecurity (HFI) and malnutrition and an association between them during the movement restriction period of the corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This nutritional status should have improved by now as movement restrictions, including quarantine, have been lifted. Therefore, the goal of this cross-sectional study was to determine the current prevalence of HFI and malnutrition and their associations and contributing factors among pre-school children (i.e., children under the age of 5 years) following relaxation of the COVID-19 restrictions in Jordan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A sample of 386 children (197 boys and 189 girls) in Irbid, Jordan, were recruited in this study following the simple random sampling method. The levels of HFI and malnutrition were assessed using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) and the World Health Organization (WHO) growth reference values, respectively. Relevant information were managed and measurements made and employed to calculate four major anthropometric indicators for the sample children (weight for height (WHZ), height for age z-score (HAZ), weight for age z-score (WAZ) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of analysis pointed out that prevalence of food security among the sample children was 58.2 %, where 19.9 % of the kids were experiencing moderate food insecurity and 38.3 % were suffering from severe food insecurity. On the other hand, prevalence of malnutrition among those children was 1.81 %, where 1.55 % of the kids were emaciated and 1.26 % were severely emaciated. The results also indicated that mother's age, number of children in the family, income of the family, monthly expenses on food and beverages and the energy expenses contributed significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) to food insecurity. Moreover, the study found that HFI had negative correlations with WHZ (<em>r</em> = −0.272, <em>p</em> = 0.000), WAZ (<em>r</em> = −0.193, <em>p</em> = 0.000) and BMI-for-age z-score (<em>r</em> = −0.263, <em>p</em> = 0.000) and a positive correlation with HAZ (<em>r</em> = 0.041, <em>p</em> = 0.00).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study reports high prevalence of HFI among children under the age of 5 years in Jordan, even after relaxation of the COVID-19 restrictions on mobility. However, prevalence of malnutrition among this group of the population is low. These results spotlight the continued impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the financial statuses of households.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"66 ","pages":"Pages 255-261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-dependent association of central circadian clock gene polymorphisms with clinical risk markers for noncommunicable diseases in the young population","authors":"María Fernanda Garrido-León ,&nbsp;Valeria Jacqueline Soto-Ontiveros ,&nbsp;Adriana Aguilar-Galarza ,&nbsp;Andrea Méndez-García ,&nbsp;Miriam Aracely Anaya-Loyola ,&nbsp;William Garcia ,&nbsp;Lorenza Haddad-Talancón ,&nbsp;Juan Brandon Araujo-Mendoza ,&nbsp;Teresa García-Gasca ,&nbsp;Víctor Manuel Rodríguez-García ,&nbsp;Ulisses Moreno-Celis","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The circadian clock, which governs periodic physiological changes, is influenced by various environmental factors, and its disruptions can lead to non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs). Among the genes that control the circadian clock are <em>ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY1, PER1, PER2, NR1D2,</em> and <em>MTNR1B,</em> with several polymorphisms associated with diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between SNPs in the aforementioned genes and markers of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in a young population, stratified by gender.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A sample of 346 individuals of both sexes aged 18 to 27 underwent clinical and nutritional evaluations to determine clinical markers associated with NCDs. Using isothermal PCR, 119 polymorphisms in the <em>ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY1, PER1, PER2, NR1D2</em>, and <em>MTNR1B</em> genes were determined. Subsequently, binary logistic regression analyses and mean comparisons using Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustment were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Polymorphisms were associated with risk factors such as elevated waist circumference, BMI, insulin, and lipid imbalances, while some acted protectively. Notable SNPs included rs6486122, rs77486964, rs11022756, rs72869158 from <em>ARNTL</em>; rs7309618, rs10778528 from <em>CRY1</em>; rs2304911 from PER1; rs72620839, rs58574366 from PER2; rs6832769, rs1056547 from CLOCK; and rs4858095, rs11922577 from <em>NR1D2</em>, providing insights into the associations of genetic markers with clinically relevant markers for NCDs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Clock gene polymorphisms exhibit associations with clinical markers of NCDs, emphasizing the intricate interaction between the biological clock and risk factors. This underscores the importance of genetic testing and personalized clinical approaches for prevention and treatment. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and long-term health impacts of these genetic variations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"66 ","pages":"Pages 302-319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of combination of semaglutide and basal insulin in patients with of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Binbin Chen, Lanqiu Tao, Min Tian, Zhaohua Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Semaglutide has demonstrated efficacy in both glycemic control and weight loss. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the combined use of semaglutide and basal insulin in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) were searched to identify relevant publications. The primary outcome measure was the change in HbA1c levels. Secondary outcome measures encompassed change in body weight, fluctuations in FPG levels, occurrence of adverse events, serious adverse events, hypoglycemic episodes, and gastrointestinal reactions including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Mean differences (MDs) and relative risk (RR) with confidence intervals (CI) of 95% were used to analyze the deference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>7 RCTs with 2354 patients were incorporated into the study. Compared to placebo or other active treatment, the addition of semaglutide to basal insulin demonstrated significant reductions in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) [mean differences (MD): -1.17%, P<0.00001], body weight [MD -5.99 kg, P<0.00001], and fasting blood glucose (FPG) [MD -1.08%, P<0.00001]. No evidence indicated a higher risk of adverse events [RR 1.46, P=0.13]. However, it did result in increased rates of gastrointestinal adverse events, including nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination treatment of semaglutide and basal insulin demonstrates significant improvements in glycemic control and reduction in body weight, without an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Our findings provided support for the utilization of a combination therapy involving semaglutide and basal insulin in T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}