Clinical nutrition ESPEN最新文献

{"title":"Association between brain resting-state functional activities and obesity: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Zhaoyi Chen ,&nbsp;Jinkun Wang ,&nbsp;Tianli Lyu ,&nbsp;Qiuyu Xia ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Investigations revealed significant changes in brain activity between people with obesity or overweight and people with normal weight. The causal relationship between body weight and brain functional activity remains unclear and warrants further investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. We gathered summary statistics from genome-wide association studies for 191 resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging phenotypes and obesity traits (body mass index, body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio). Inverse variance weighting, the weighted median, MR Egger, and the weighted mode were employed. We conducted pleiotropy and heterogeneity analyses to evaluate robustness and reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forward analysis revealed that the intensity of spontaneous brain activity in the calcarine, lingual, or cuneus gyri within the visual network (beta = −0.076; 95 % CI: −0.11 to −0.04; <em>p</em> = 6.97 × 10⁻⁵) had a causal effect on body weight. The reverse analysis revealed that body weight has a causal effect on the intensity of spontaneous brain activity in the precuneus, angular, and cingulate gyri (beta = 0.209; 95 % CI: 0.11 to 0.31; <em>p</em> = 2.41 × 10⁻⁵), and the angular and temporal gyri (beta = 0.215; 95 % CI: 0.11 to 0.32; <em>p</em> = 3.87 × 10⁻⁵) within the default mode and central executive network.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Genetic evidence proves a causal relationship between body weight and brain functional activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 685-691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D deficiency and its potential associations on the health status of older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural Crete, Greece: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Izolde Bouloukaki ,&nbsp;Antonios Christodoulakis ,&nbsp;Ioanna Tsiligianni","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>While low vitamin D levels are common in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and have been associated with various adverse COPD-related outcomes, data on vitamin D status in rural COPD cohorts is limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among patients with COPD living in rural areas and explore its potential association on the overall health status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 138 participants &gt;40 years with COPD from the prospective “COlaborative care vs usual CARE in primary care patients with COPD” (COCARE) study. Sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), fatigue with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), phycological parameters with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), sleep disorders with the COPD and Asthma Sleep Impact Scale (CASIS), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were collected. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as levels of 25-hydroxy (OH)-Vitamin D below 20 ng/mL. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to test for associations of Vitamin D deficiency with CAT, FSS, PHQ-9, GAD-7, CASIS, AIS, and ESS, adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, comorbidities, and seasonality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most of the participants were male (70 %) with a mean age of 68 ± 9 years and a mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 ± 6 kg/m². Moreover, 33 % of the participants had Vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency increased the odds for worse HRQoL (CAT≥10 OR: 2.3, CI: 0.9–6.4, p = 0.008), greater fatigue severity (FSS, OR: 1.2, CI: 0.4–3.1, p = 0.756), more depressive (PHQ-9≥5, OR: 2.9, CI: 1.1–7.4, p = 0.024), anxiety (GAD-7, OR: 0.8, CI: 0.3–2.1, p = 0.592) and insomnia symptoms (AIS score OR: 1.1, CI: 0.7–5, p = 0.29), excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS, OR: 1.1, CI: 0.7–5, p = 0.29), and lower sleep quality (CASIS OR: 2.5, CI: 0.9–6.5, p = 0.006).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, our findings indicate that Vitamin D deficiency is positively associated with numerous negative health outcomes of patients with COPD, including worse HRQoL, fatigue, depression, anxiety and sleep disorders. However, further research is needed to determine the role of Vitamin D in the health status of these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 665-672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Coronavirus disease 2019 in older patients: Exploring body composition and muscle strength","authors":"José Reginaldo Alves de Queiroz Júnior ,&nbsp;Jarson P. Costa-Pereira ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Albert Baracho Rüegg ,&nbsp;Raquel de Arruda Campos Benjamim ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh ,&nbsp;Cláudia Porto Sabino Pinho Ramiro","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Evidence underscores the impact of the inflammatory response caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on nutritional status. However, there remains a notable gap in research investigating preexisting alterations in body composition and muscle function as potential risk factors for COVID-19 development. Thus, this study aimed to examine the relationship between abnormalities in body composition and muscle function and the incidence of COVID-19 among older patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a secondary analysis of a cohort study involving older patients. Body composition assessment was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and included measurements of fat mass (%), total body water (TBW, %), and appendicular lean soft tissues (ALST/ALSTI: ALST normalized to height²). Muscle function was evaluated through the handgrip strength (HGS) test. Data on COVID-19 status were collected through telephone interviews with patients or their immediate relatives, after 12–24 months after hospital discharge.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This analysis included 120 subjects (59.1 % males, median age: 69 years old). Higher values of fat mass (%) independently predicted COVID-19 infection (HR _adjusted 1.11, 95 % CI 1.04 to 1.18, P = 0.003). We also observed a trend indicating that higher TBW% was associated with a potential lower hazard for COVID-19 infection (HR _adjusted 0.94, 95 % CI 0.89 to 1.01, P = 0.08). ALST, ALSTI, and HGS were not associated with a higher hazard for COVID-19 infection (all P-values &gt;.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates the relevance of addressing excess body fat in older patients to potentially mitigate the risk of COVID-19 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 654-659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving analysis of sexual dimorphism in body composition dynamics in the oncology setting: A scoping review","authors":"Ravneet Kaur,&nbsp;Pamela N. Klassen,&nbsp;Vera C. Mazurak","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Chemotherapy treatments induce loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue each of which are important prognostic indicators after a cancer diagnosis. Males and females may respond differently to drugs used to treat cancer. Given the high degree of heterogeneity in the literature, the objective of this scoping review is to evaluate the methodological variability in reporting of muscle and adipose tissue changes comparing males and females during cancer-directed treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Relevant databases were searched for papers reporting longitudinal CT based body composition changes separately for males and females in solid tumors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 29 studies that met inclusion criteria, 22 were retrospective and 7 were prospective. The majority of studies reported on gastrointestinal cancers [n=24]. Among collective participants (n= 5139), 32% were females. Females were under represented in half the studies. For 21/29 studies, baseline characteristics were combined for males and females, hindering the ability to understand the effect of disease stage, chemotherapy type and co-morbidities on muscle and fat changes experienced by each sex. Multiple chemotherapy regimens were combined (n=24) and not reported in a sex-specific way (n=26).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While the literature reporting body composition changes during cancer treatment is abundant, study design and reporting is problematic and precludes metaanalysis. Disproportionate numbers of males and females, marked heterogeneity in cancer types and chemotherapy regimens evaluated within a single study collectively pose challenges in analysing the impact of specific chemotherapy regimens on muscle and adipose change by sex. Strategies to standardize this set of literature in a sex specific way are required to improve evidence synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 673-684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperammonemic encephalopathy after omega-loop gastric bypass for obesity: A case report and discussion","authors":"Maurine Allard ,&nbsp;Mylène Guiho ,&nbsp;Audrey Le Ruyet-Le Henaff ,&nbsp;Caroline Moreau ,&nbsp;Ronan Thibault","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare but potentially fatal condition, that can occur after obesity surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>A 43-year-old Caucasian woman, with history of omega-loop gastric bypass, with hydrops, dyspnoea and severe malnutrition was referred for evaluation. After admission to medical department, she experienced three episodes of coma, and biochemical investigations showed hyperammonemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglutaminemia. Etiological investigations were not in favour of a urea cycle disorder, but rather a nutritional catastrophe with severe malnutrition secondary to the omega-loop gastric bypass.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>In patients with history of obesity surgery, encephalopathy symptoms should lead to look after hyperammonemia and malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This report demonstrates the importance of ammonemia testing in case of neurological symptoms in patients with a history of obesity surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 645-651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of ultrasound for quantitative assessment of body fat mass","authors":"Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Xinyi Tang ,&nbsp;Bingjie Liu,&nbsp;Li Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Obesity is a significant health concern associated with various diseases. Accurate measurement of body fat mass (BFM) and local fat thickness (FT) is crucial for health assessment. Ultrasound offers a non-invasive, portable, and cost-effective alternative for measuring FT, but its application for quantitative BFM estimation has not been fully explored. This study aimed to develop and validate a quantitative estimation algorithm for BFM based on local FT measured by ultrasound.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 179 volunteers were randomly divided into modeling and verification groups. BFM was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and FT was measured at 10 sites throughout the body using ultrasound. In the modeling group, the correlation between FT and BFM at different sites was analyzed, and a BFM estimation algorithm based on FT was developed using multiple linear regression. The accuracy of the estimation equation was validated in the verification group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Men had lower BFM than women (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). At most sites, the FT of males was less than that of females (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Significant positive correlations were observed between FT at various sites (site 1 to 10) and BFM across all groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The estimation algorithm revealed that FT at 4 sites (intra-abdominal, posterior right perinephric, abdominal subcutaneous, and anterior upper arm) contributed to BFM estimation for men, while two additional sites (pre-peritoneal and posterior lower leg) were valuable for women. The R² for the algorithms was 0.882 for men and 0.907 for women, with the standard error of estimate of 2.04 kg for both. The intraclass correlation coefficient between ultrasound-derived estimated BFM and the BFM measured by BIA in the verification group was 0.848 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>BFM can be quantitatively estimated using a fitting algorithm based on ultrasound-derived local FT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 635-644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the impact of intermittent ramadan fasting on wellbeing, nutrition and physical performance in different sports","authors":"Tehreema Ghaffar,&nbsp;Francesca Ubaldi,&nbsp;Federica Valeriani,&nbsp;Vincenzo Romano Spica","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Athletes in different sports may experience a change in the physical performance during Ramadan Intermittent Fasting (RIF). The impacts of fasting on performance, coping behaviour and fatigue in athletes have not been fully researched.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examines the effects of Ramadan Intermittent Fasting (RIF) on the physical performance of athletes in different types of sports. The approaches used to assess effects of intermittent fasting among young athletes have not yet been systematically reviewed.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Following PRISMA guidelines, 3 independent searches on different databases to identify all the articles describing effects of RIF on physical performance of athletes with all available articles from 2014 up to April 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 422 articles identified, 31 studies met eligibility criteria. Fourteen studies reported the effect of Ramadan fasting on individual sports, three studies on combat sports, and fourteen studies on team sports.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The RIF negatively effects the physical performance, players coping behavior, nutritional status and fatigue capacities in different sports, although, the negative effects are greater for Handball, Basketball, Volleyball, Football and Swimming although the impact is less negative for Tennis, Badminton, Martial arts and Endurance sports. The athletes who maintain their total energy and macronutrient intake, training load, body composition, sleep length and quality are unlikely to suffer any substantial decrements in performance during Ramadan. Adding other recovery methods could improve performance and reduce the fatigue and muscle soreness experienced with increased game frequency during RIF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 585-598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum and urine metabolite correlates of vitamin D supplementation in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study","authors":"Valerie K. Sullivan ,&nbsp;Jingsha Chen ,&nbsp;Lauren Bernard ,&nbsp;Bing Yu ,&nbsp;Erin D. Michos ,&nbsp;Lawrence J. Appel ,&nbsp;Alice H. Lichtenstein ,&nbsp;Casey M. Rebholz","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, skeletal health, and potentially other aspects of health. There are limitations of existing vitamin D biomarkers. We aimed to discover novel vitamin D biomarkers by investigating serum and urine metabolites associated with vitamin D supplementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined cross-sectional associations between vitamin D supplementation and serum and urine metabolites in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants at visit 5 (2011–2013). Untargeted metabolomic profiling of serum and spot urine samples was performed by Metabolon, Inc. We analyzed associations between vitamin D supplementation and log₂-transformed metabolites using linear regression models adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and health covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 5225 participants with serum metabolites analyzed (mean age 76 [SD 5] years, 57 % female, 20 % Black), 45 % reported taking vitamin D supplements. Eighty-two of 933 serum metabolites were associated with vitamin D supplementation (P &lt; 0.05/933). Most were lipids (n = 36). Of 1565 participants with urine metabolites analyzed, one-third (37 %) used vitamin D. Nineteen of 946 urine metabolites were associated with vitamin D supplementation (P &lt; 0.05/946). Most were cofactors and vitamins (n = 12). After adjusting for other supplement use (multivitamin/mineral, omega-3, B and C vitamins), 5 serum metabolites (pro-hydroxy-pro, pyroglutamine, sulfate, creatine, and 2-hydroxypalmitate) and no urine metabolites were significantly associated with vitamin D supplementation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Many serum and urine metabolites were associated with vitamin D supplementation. Five serum metabolites remained associated with vitamin D after adjustment for other dietary supplements, including metabolites of bone collagen degradation, glutathione metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism. These metabolites may reflect physiological activities of vitamin D and, thus, improve assessment of vitamin D adequacy to achieve functional outcomes. These merit further investigation as potential vitamin D biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 523-532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undernutrition in adult hospitalized patients and its impact on the length of stay, a 10-year repeated cross-sectional study analyzing 65,226 stays","authors":"Thierry Chevalier ,&nbsp;Josiane Arnaud ,&nbsp;Jérôme Fauconnier ,&nbsp;Eric Fontaine","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>The prevalence of undernutrition in hospitalized patients and its impact on their length of stay (LOS) varies considerably depending on the population studied, the diagnosis criteria or the screening tools used. Previous reports using controlled data have been done on small populations while large cohorts have been studied on unverified declarative data. This study aims at determining the prevalence of undernutrition in a large population using verified anthropometric data and assessing its impact on the LOS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>– For 10 years (2007–2017), a specialized nutritional assessment unit screened inpatients in a tertiary hospital for undernutrition, with the exception of those in emergency and intensive care, orthopedics, pediatrics and maternity wards. Within each unit, screening was carried out every two to three weeks. The diagnosis of undernutrition in adult inpatients was made using body mass index (BMI) (&lt;18.5 kg/m² for age &lt;70 or &lt; 21 kg/m² for age ≥70) or weight loss (weight loss &gt;5 % over a month or &gt;10 % over 6 months). We retrospectively analyzed this database, looking at all adults (&gt;18 years) hospitalized for at least one day. The analysis of the prevalence of undernutrition and its consequence on the LOS was performed on the entire population as well as by sex, age groups and diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). Statistics were performed using the chi-square test, T-test, ANOVA and mixed linear analysis. Age and gender were added as potential confounders, while DRG was included as a random effect.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis included data from 65,226 stays. Mean age 65 years (min 18, max 113), 58.2 % male patients. The overall prevalence of undernutrition was 29.77 %, lower in the 40 to 70-year-old group than in the younger and older population. Undernutrition was present in all of the 53 surveyed DRGs, with a prevalence ranging from 12 % to 57.89 %. In the overall population, undernourished patients had a longer LOS than well-nourished patients, with a median increase of 5 days. In 42 of the 53 DRGs, representing 97.57 % of the total population, undernutrition significantly increased the LOS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This large study of the prevalence of undernutrition diagnosed from verified anthropometric data in hospitalized adults does not confirm recent findings obtained from unverified data in hospital databases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 533-540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perioperative or combined preoperative and postoperative standard nutrition therapy for patients with head and neck or gastrointestinal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Masano Sagawa ,&nbsp;Ryota Matsui ,&nbsp;Akihiko Sano ,&nbsp;Makoto Sakai ,&nbsp;Shinichiro Hiraoka ,&nbsp;Isao Tabei ,&nbsp;Takayuki Imai ,&nbsp;Hideo Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Seiji Onogawa ,&nbsp;Norihiro Sonoi ,&nbsp;Shigeyuki Nagata ,&nbsp;Ryo Ogawa ,&nbsp;Shigeki Wakiyama ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Miyazaki ,&nbsp;Koshi Kumagai ,&nbsp;Rie Tsutsumi ,&nbsp;Takehiro Okabayashi ,&nbsp;Yu Uneno ,&nbsp;Naoki Higashibeppu ,&nbsp;Joji Kotani","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Since malnutrition is a risk factor for postoperative complications, preoperative nutritional therapy is recommended to reduce postoperative complications. Few meta-analyses conducted exclusively in cancer patients have shown that perioperative standard nutritional therapy reduces postoperative complications. This study examined whether preoperative or combined preoperative and postoperative standard nutritional therapy reduced postoperative complications in patients with head and neck or gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted randomized controlled trials in 1979–2021. Patients who received standard nutritional interventions were classified as the intervention group and those who did not receive any nutritional intervention as controls. The primary outcome was the total number of postoperative complications and infectious complications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 19 studies were included (n = 2047). Of 19 studies, 5 were for upper GI cancer, 8 were for lower GI cancer, 5 were for upper and lower GI cancers, and 1 was for head and neck cancer. Total postoperative and infectious complications were reported in 15 (n = 1762) and 9 (n = 905) studies. The meta-analysis showed that standard nutritional interventions may reduce the total complication rates (RR: 0.78, 95 % CI: 0.65–0.94) and infectious complications (RR: 0.67, 95 % CI: 0.51–0.87). There were no significant differences in subgroup analyses, according to the nutritional therapy timing and nutritional status. The risk of bias was high for random sequence generation, allocation concealment, and participants' and data analysts’ blinding. COE for total postoperative and infectious complications was weak and inconsistent due to the high risk of bias and substantial heterogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although the present study was inconclusive due to the small number of studies in head and neck cancer, preoperative or combined preoperative and postoperative standard nutrition therapy in patients with GI cancer may significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to reduce the risk of bias.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 567-577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}