Dietary habits are suboptimal in patients referred to lipid clinics on suspicion of familial hypercholesterolaemia

IF 2.9 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition ESPEN Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.07.010

Jonas Pedersen , Christian Bork , Helle Kanstrup , Kristian Korsgaard Thomsen , Merete Heitmann , Lia Evi Bang , Finn Lund Henriksen , Lars Juel Andersen , Thomas Gohr , Bo Kobberø Lauridsen , Anne Merete Boas Soja , Frank Peter Elpert , Tomas Joen Jakobsen , Anette Sjøl , Albert Marni Joensen , Ib Christian Klausen , Børge Grønne Nordestgaard , Erik Berg Schmidt , Berit Storgaard Hedegaard

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background & aims

Diet and lifestyle are cornerstones in the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, especially in individuals with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate dietary habits among adults admitted to lipid clinics on suspicion of FH.

Methods

From September 2020 through November 2021, all patients referred on suspicion of FH to all lipid clinics were invited to participate and 97.4 % (n = 1488) accepted. Information on dietary habits was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire based on a score ranging from 0 to 100.

Results

A total of 1095 subjects were included of whom 5.7 % adhered to a heart-healthy diet. Overall, participants’ diets were suboptimal and in particular the intake of fish, fruit, and vegetables was low with a median score of 52 points compared to the recommended heart-healthy 75 points. Women and individuals with a personal history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease showed marginally better adherence to a heart-healthy diet. Notably, intake of fish, fruit, vegetables, and whole-grains were insufficient in all groups.

Conclusion

Most participants referred to lipid clinics on suspicion of FH did not adhere to a heart-healthy diet regardless of history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. These findings reinforce the importance of providing and supporting dietary counselling among individuals with hypercholesterolaemia.

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饮食习惯是次优的病人转到血脂诊所怀疑家族性高胆固醇血症。

背景与目的：饮食和生活方式是预防动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的基础，尤其是家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）患者。这项横断面研究的目的是调查因怀疑FH而进入脂质诊所的成年人的饮食习惯。方法：从2020年9月至2021年11月，邀请所有脂质诊所的疑似FH患者参与，97.4% （n = 1488）被接受。饮食习惯的信息是通过有效的食物频率调查问卷收集的，得分范围从0到100。结果：共纳入1095名受试者，其中5.7%坚持心脏健康饮食。总的来说，参与者的饮食并不是最理想的，特别是鱼、水果和蔬菜的摄入量很低，平均得分为52分，而心脏健康的建议得分为75分。有动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病病史的女性和个人对心脏健康饮食的坚持程度略高。值得注意的是，所有组的鱼、水果、蔬菜和全谷物的摄入量都不足。结论：无论是否有动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病史，大多数被怀疑患有FH的参与者都没有坚持心脏健康饮食。这些发现强化了为高胆固醇血症患者提供和支持饮食咨询的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition ESPEN NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

512

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is an electronic-only journal and is an official publication of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Nutrition and nutritional care have gained wide clinical and scientific interest during the past decades. The increasing knowledge of metabolic disturbances and nutritional assessment in chronic and acute diseases has stimulated rapid advances in design, development and clinical application of nutritional support. The aims of ESPEN are to encourage the rapid diffusion of knowledge and its application in the field of clinical nutrition and metabolism. Published bimonthly, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN focuses on publishing articles on the relationship between nutrition and disease in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is available to all members of ESPEN and to all subscribers of Clinical Nutrition.