Chinese Journal of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Cilia-assisted flow of electrically conducting micropolar fluid in a heated curved channel under Soret and Dufour effects","authors":"M.S. Arslan,&nbsp;Z. Abbas,&nbsp;M.Y. Rafiq","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cilia flow plays a crucial role in biological systems such as the movement of mucus in the respiratory tract, circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, and propulsion of sperm cells. Understanding the cilia flow of viscous fluids is essential for elucidating the biomechanics of these processes and their implications for health and disease. Motivated by such numerous biomedical applications, this article aims to exhibit the influence of heat and mass transfer on the ciliary flow of an electrical conducting micropolar fluid in a curved channel. The energy and concentration equations are modulated with viscous dissipation, Soret, and Dufour effects. The constitutive equations are simplified by the lubrication approximation and then solved numerically using the implicit finite difference method (FDM). Results for velocity, pumping phenomenon, concentration, thermal field, rate of heat transfer, streamlines, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are analyzed subject to pertinent parameters. The study reveals that velocity is enhanced via both the micropolar parameter and curvature parameter. Temperature enhances for larger values of Dufour and Brickman numbers. Furthermore, the radial magnetic field plays a resistive role in the trapped bolus. The findings presented in this study should prove beneficial for researchers in the domains of medicine, engineering, science, and fluid mechanics. Further, it is found that the micropolar fluid model is more suitable for biofluids like blood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon nitride directional coupler-based polarization beam splitter utilizing shallow ridge waveguides for improved fabrication tolerance","authors":"Po-Hsiang Chiu ,&nbsp;Yi-Jia Huang ,&nbsp;Yong-Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Zi-Xuan Xu ,&nbsp;Hsing-Hsiang Wang ,&nbsp;Wen-Hsien Huang ,&nbsp;Chun-Ta Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the design and fabrication of a silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) asymmetrical directional coupler (DC)-based polarization beam splitter (PBS) utilizing a shallow ridge waveguide structure. The use of Si₃N₄ with a moderate refractive index contrast and the design of a shallow ridge waveguide enables the DC structure to have a wider coupling gap of approximately 600 nm, which can be readily achieved with standard I-line lithography. The simulation results indicate that the polarization splitting is highly efficient with minimal insertion loss. This is corroborated by the experimental measurements, which show consistent broadband performance. The fabricated polarization beam splitter (PBS) exhibits a high polarization extinction ratio (PER) of over 20 dB for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes across a broad bandwidth of 120 nm (1500–1620 nm). This work demonstrates the potential of shallow ridge Si₃N₄ waveguides to enhance the fabrication tolerance and performance of integrated photonic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical parameter inversion of thin films based on angular reflectance spectroscopy","authors":"Jian-Xiao Liu ,&nbsp;Ling-Hui Meng ,&nbsp;Shi-Yao Chong ,&nbsp;Jiong-Ju Hao ,&nbsp;Hong-Wei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article proposes a method for obtaining the refractive index and thickness of thin films based on reflectivity at different angles combined with optimization algorithms. This method has high computational accuracy for both high absorption films (such as aluminum films, gold films, etc.) and low absorption films (such as MgF₂ films). Since this study did not adopt the inversion scheme of refractive index dispersion equation fitting, it can be used for optical constant inversion in the case of unknown composition of coating materials. The results indicate that this method can simultaneously obtain high-precision information on the complex refractive index and film thickness of the coating material on the substrate. The calculation example achieved a thickness inversion error of 0.165 % for a 2nm metal aluminum film layer and 0.3303 % for a 150 nm MgF₂ transparent film layer. Therefore, this study may provide further guidance for high absorption and measurement of the complex refractive index and thickness of transparent films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding small neutrino mass and its implication","authors":"Hsiang-nan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have derived previously the relations between the neutrino masses and mixing angles in a dispersive analysis on the mixing of neutral leptonic states. The only involved assumption is that the electroweak symmetry of the Standard Model (SM) is restored at a high energy scale in some new physics scenario, which diminishes the box diagrams responsible for the mixing. Here we include corrections to the analysis up to three loops, arising from exchanges of additional neutral and charged scalars in the electroweak symmetric phase. The solution to the dispersion relation for the <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>-<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> mixing generates a typical neutrino mass <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow></msub><mo>∼</mo><mi>O</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>eV</mi></mrow></math></span> in the SM unambiguously. The solution also favors the normal ordering of the neutrino masses over the inverted one, and links the large electroweak symmetry restoration, i.e., new physics scale to the small neutrino mass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing the two-electron-interaction-induced three new hopping processes in a double quantum-dot system revealed by finite-frequency shot noise","authors":"Hai-Bin Xue,&nbsp;Xing-Yun Lü,&nbsp;Bin Chen,&nbsp;Jian-Bin Chen,&nbsp;Li-Li Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the serially coupled double quantum dot (DQD) system, the two-electron-interaction-induced electron hopping processes and spin-exchange hopping processes play a crucial role in manipulating the spin degree of freedom of localized electrons in the DQD system. Consequently, from the perspective of electron transport, how to detect the new hopping processes induced by the two-electron interaction has become an increasingly important issue. Here, the influences of the three new hopping processes predicted by the generalized Hubbard model on the finite-frequency shot noise of electron transport through a serially coupled DQD system are studied. It is demonstrated that in the energy-level detuning case the criterion for the existence of the electron-occupation-modulated hopping processes is that the maximum number of peaks and dips of the finite-frequency shot noise equals eight while in the energy-level alignment case the criteria for the existence of the two-electron-interaction-induced three new hopping processes, and the antiparallel-electron-spin-exchange hopping and electron-pair hopping processes, and the electron-occupation-modulated hopping processes are that the maximum numbers of peaks and dips equal eight, seven, and six, respectively. Therefore, these results provide an alternative way to detect the three new hopping processes predicted by the generalized Hubbard model in the serially coupled DQD system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of a stochastic impulsive vegetation system with regime switching","authors":"He Liu ,&nbsp;Chuanjun Dai ,&nbsp;Hengguo Yu ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Guo ,&nbsp;Jianbing Li ,&nbsp;Min Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes an analytical and numerical investigation of a novel stochastic impulsive vegetation system with regime switching. Impulsive control, white noise, regime switching, and rainfall are modeled as crucial factors to simulate natural ecological phenomena, with the aim to explore the effects of those factors on the dynamics of vegetation system. Dynamics of the system, including the existence and uniqueness of global positive solutions, extinction, non-persistence in the mean, weak persistence and stochastic persistence, are investigated firstly under the effects of impulsive control and regime switching. For system without impulsive perturbations, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of the stationary distribution for the system, demonstrating that the vegetation can survive forever. Using a sophisticated sensitivity analysis technique, it is found that the vegetation biomass is highly sensitive to the rainfall but least sensitive to the saturation constant of the vegetation consumption. Our numerical results reveal that either the reduced rainfall or increased environmental disturbance can tip the balance of vegetation system, but this relationship can be effectively regulated by implementing impulsive control schemes. Additionally, it is observed that system at high-level rainfall may be detrimental to maintain the balance of vegetation, but regime switching in rainfall patterns can balance different states of vegetation and provide higher survival chance for vegetation. Significantly, it emphasizes that the persistence-extinction behaviors of the vegetation are more sensitive to the change of regime switching, indicating that the proper and general environmental disturbances is beneficial to maintain dynamic balance of vegetation system. These findings may provide new insights into the complex vegetation system dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational evaluating on the role of sac centerline length on hemorrhage risk of anterior cerebral artery with saccular aneurysm","authors":"Qingquan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenjin Su ,&nbsp;Zeshang Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present article investigates geometrical features of an aneurysm, particularly the sac centerline length (SCL), in determining the hemodynamic environment within the aneurysm for evaluation of the hemorrhage risk. Indeed, understanding how these geometric characteristics influence blood flow patterns is essential for assessing rupture risk and optimizing treatment strategies. Computational fluid dynamic is used to perform computational modeling of the blood hemodynamic in Anterior Communicating Artery (ACA) cases. Wall shear stress (WSS), Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) and pressure over sac surface are investigated and compared for selected saccular aneurysm to evaluate risk of aneurysm rupture when sac centerline length is varied. Comparison of the results show that the inverse relationship between sac centerline length and these key hemodynamic parameters (OSI, velocity, WSS) underscores the importance of geometrical factors in assessing aneurysm rupture risk. Longer sac centerline lengths appear to be associated with more stable flow dynamics and reduced mechanical stress, while shorter sac lengths correlate with more disturbed and high-stress conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring certain nonlinear localized modes in an anisotropic ferromagnet with biquadratic interaction using quasi-discrete approximation","authors":"S. Suganya ,&nbsp;B. Srividya ,&nbsp;A. Prabhu","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present an analytical work on nonlinear localized modes in an anisotropic ferromagnet with added biquadratic interaction. Within the framework of quasi-discrete multiple scale approximation, it is found that the dynamics of the system is associated with the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. The effect of anisotropic and biquadratic interactions on the nature of the linear dispersion curve is discussed. The criteria for the existence of bright and dark solitons are explored. Different classes of soliton solutions are constructed using the Hirota bilinearization method. Also, it is noted that the system and soliton parameters significantly modify the characteristics of the solitons by the inclusion of highly nonlinear invariant biquadratic interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the multi-term fractional Bateman equations in radioactive decay by means of Mikusiński algebraic calculus","authors":"Marc Jornet","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fractional Bateman equations model the concentrations of nuclear species through a radioactive decay chain, by considering non-Markovian behavior. Cruz-López and Espinosa-Paredes (Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 2022) solved the mathematical problem with a single memory coefficient, based on the Laplace-transform technique. Cruz-López, Espinosa-Paredes and François (Computer Physics Communications, 2022) extended the analysis to several fractional orders, with Laplace transforms and series expansions checked by induction. In this paper, we solve such a case of distinct memory effects, via the more general method of Mikusiński operational calculus. We do not distinguish between equal and different decay rates. Multivariate Mittag-Leffler functions appear in the closed-form expression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Multi-party Quantum Secret-Sharing Protocol","authors":"Xiangjun Xin ,&nbsp;Fan He ,&nbsp;Shujing Qiu ,&nbsp;Chaoyang Li ,&nbsp;Fagen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Quantum secret sharing allows one secret dealer to divide his/her secret among different participants. Only when all the participants pool their secret pieces together can the secret be reconstructed. Quantum secret-sharing protocol can provide high security for users who need to share some secret information among some partners. It is also a useful tool in many applications such as secure operations of joint sharing of quantum money, sharing ancilla states, and distributed quantum computation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We propose a novel multi-party quantum secret-sharing protocol (MPQSSP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In our protocol, the dealer mixes the particle sequence of the Bell states and sends the sequence to the participants. The participants encode their secret pieces into Pauli operators, which are applied to the received particle sequence. After annularly transmitting and operating the particle sequence, the participants return the particle sequence to the dealer, who can share a secret with the partners by measuring the returned sequence with the Bell basis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proposed MPQSSP has the merits as follows. First, its qubit efficiency can be 100% when the sample bits of the secret and the corresponding sample qubits are ignored (In our protocol when the qubit efficiency is computed, the sample bits and the corresponding Bell states used to check eavesdropping are ignored). Second, it can protect participants' privacy and interests, since the dealer cannot derive the secret piece of any participant although he/she masters the secret. Third, the participants need not perform many quantum operations and measurements to check the eavesdropping, which helps improve the efficiency of the protocol. Fourth, compared with most of the similar MPQSSPs, the quantum resources of the proposed one are relatively easier to prepare. At last, the proposed protocol has the security against various eavesdropping attacks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The merits above show that Our MPQSSP is relatively more practical and efficient than similar ones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}