Chinese Journal of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Performance of Sub-5 nm field-effect transistors based on ZrS2/NbTe2 heterojunction from quantum transport simulations","authors":"Songyang Li ,&nbsp;Xu Li ,&nbsp;Jingjun Chen ,&nbsp;Zelong Ma ,&nbsp;Danni Wang ,&nbsp;Peisong Lu ,&nbsp;Wenjie Chen ,&nbsp;Baoan Bian ,&nbsp;Bin Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigates the transport properties of n-type field-effect transistors (FETs) with a monolayer (ML) ZrS₂ channel, using first-principles calculations and quantum transport simulations. A ZrS₂/NbTe₂ heterojunction with well-aligned work functions is employed as the electrodes, enabling n-type Ohmic contacts at both vertical and lateral interfaces of the FET. The introduction of an underlap (UL) structure effectively suppresses short-channel effects, reducing the off-state current (<span><math><msub><mi>I</mi><mtext>off</mtext></msub></math></span>) to 0.1 μA/μm. To further enhance gate controllability, environmentally stable high-κ dielectrics are employed. The total channel capacitance (<span><math><msub><mi>C</mi><mi>t</mi></msub></math></span>), delay time (<span><math><mi>τ</mi></math></span>), and power-delay product (<span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math></span>) satisfy the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) 2028 high-performance (HP) standards. The device with a 2 nm UL and an HfO₂ dielectric achieves optimal performance, exhibiting an on-state current (<span><math><msub><mi>I</mi><mtext>on</mtext></msub></math></span>) of 2624 μA/μm, nearly three times higher than the ITRS 2028 HP standard for <span><math><msub><mi>I</mi><mtext>on</mtext></msub></math></span>. This study provides theoretical insights into the design of HP two-dimensional (2D) FETs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 324-335"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terahertz Airy beam generator with electrically-controlled liquid crystal","authors":"Yueying Jia ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Tan ,&nbsp;Chenxiang Liu ,&nbsp;Shuai Li ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Nikolay V. Petrov ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Hao Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We presented a broadband one-dimensional terahertz Airy beam generator with binary-phase elements by exploiting the transparent patterned-electrodes to electrically control nematic liquid crystal. The Airy beam generator can perform switching between Airy and Gaussian beams in a wide range from 2.3 to 2.8 THz by external voltage control. Typical diffraction-free, self-accelerating and self-healing characteristics were experimentally confirmed with the electrically switchable Airy beams at 2.54 THz. The scheme of liquid-crystal-based terahertz Airy beam generator has the advantages of broadband switchable operation, low cost and easy fabrication, with potential application in multi-dimensional simultaneous measurements by inter-switching between Airy and Gaussian beams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 360-367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floquet engineering of antihelical edge states and related transport properties in a modified Kane-Mele model","authors":"Xiao-Long Lü ,&nbsp;Pei-Hao Fu ,&nbsp;Xiang-Long Yu ,&nbsp;Jun-Feng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate optically modulated antihelical edge states (AHESs) and two-terminal transport in the modified Kane-Mele (MKM) model irradiated with off-resonant circularly polarized light (CPL). Our results show that tuning the light intensity and polarization transforms the original AHESs into a variety of photo-dressed edge states. The resulting spin-dependent Hall conductance, which is governed by the Berry curvature, reflects bulk topology even in the presence of gapless states, achieved through non-quantized Hall responses. When CPL is locally applied to the scattering region of a two-terminal zigzag graphene nanoribbon, spin-resolved conductance pathways can be selectively switched due to edge-state transitions. This behavior is visualized through calculations of time-averaged local bond current. Notably, replacing CPL with a staggered electric field configuration fully suppresses transmission due to the bandgap effect induced by this field, thereby realizing an optoelectronic transistor. Our findings highlight how Floquet engineering in the MKM model facilitates topological control of edge states and transport, thus paving a pathway for light-controlled quantum devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 336-347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carrier density tunability and encryption in plasmonic structural colors via dual-layer borophene nanodisk metasurfaces","authors":"Yizhao Pan,&nbsp;Fang Chen,&nbsp;Wenxing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structural colors are different from pigment colors. They are dominated by optical waves and micro- and nanostructures. In this work, we present a metasurface structure color device based on dual-layer borophene nanodisks (BN). By just tuning the bias voltage without changing the geometric parameters, the spectral profile can be customized. Thus, the metasurface can present specific colors. Through numerical analysis using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) theory, we investigate the printed color property of the system, which achieves an ultra-high resolution of up to 10⁶ dots per inch (<span><math><mrow><mi>d</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>i</mi></mrow></math></span>) and covers 121 <span><math><mo>%</mo></math></span> of the <span><math><mrow><mi>s</mi><mi>R</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow></math></span> color gamut area within fixed structural parameters. In addition, as the direction of polarization switches, the system can display two color states: encrypted and non-encrypted. The metasurface also demonstrates robust performance across various incident angles. Moreover, it is capable of distinguishing between normal and basal cancer cell solutions by analyzing their color differences. These findings highlight potential applications in information encryption, polarization imaging, color sensing, and cancer detection. Besides, the research gap in the field of structural colors featuring encryption capabilities, high resolution, tunable carrier density, geometric stability, and broad color gamut coverage has been filled.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 348-359"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observed photonic phase evolutions in Brillouin random fiber laser comb","authors":"Qiang Ji ,&nbsp;Shaonian Ma ,&nbsp;Xian Zhao ,&nbsp;Zengguang Qin ,&nbsp;Zhaojun Liu ,&nbsp;Yanping Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the experimental demonstration of photonic phase transitions in a Brillouin random fiber laser comb (BRFLC) through a spin-glass theoretical framework in photonic systems. By systematically analyzing the statistical distribution of the Parisi overlap parameter <em>q</em> across different Stokes/anti-Stokes orders and pump powers, we identify three distinct photonic phases. The paramagnetic phase, characterized by a <em>P(q)</em> distribution peaked near zero, reflects uncorrelated intensity fluctuations and corresponds to the selective amplification of a single resonant mode in the cavity. In contrast, the spin-glass phase, marked by <em>q</em>-values concentrated at ±1, signifies strongly correlated or anti-correlated dynamics, arising from the interaction of dual resonant modes. Crucially, the transition between these phases is governed by the number and lifetimes of interacting optical resonance modes. Bimodal resonance triggers replica symmetry breaking (RSB), driving the system to evolve from the paramagnetic to the spin-glass phase. Beyond this, multimode oscillations induce a non-equilibrium regime which mirrors the frustration-induced multi-step RSB process observed in disordered spin systems. It corresponds to a broadened <em>P(q)</em> distribution that defies conventional phase classification and reveals a complex photonic state with hierarchical correlations. As the number of modes continues to increase and the mode lifetimes become anomalously short, the dominant resonant mode in the cavity eventually disappears. This transition causes the statistical distribution of the corresponding overlap parameter <em>q</em> to converge to a Gaussian-like profile, indicating that the system has once again returned to a disordered paramagnetic phase. Our work establishes BRFLC as a controllable platform to emulate spin-glass physics in photonics, enabling direct access to phase dynamics through tunable disorder and mode competition. The discovery of the photonic phase evolutions helps to reveal the underlying physical mechanism accounting for the BRFLC operation and contributes to the understanding of complex synergistic nonlinear physical processes in random fiber lasers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 287-298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability and physical property modulation in Ag/Cu-alloyed Au monolayers with triangular lattices: A first-principles investigation","authors":"Zhefeng Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Chen ,&nbsp;Youmin Xu ,&nbsp;Wuyan Zhao ,&nbsp;Lingbao Kong ,&nbsp;Songyou Wang ,&nbsp;Wan-Sheng Su","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Comprehensive first-principles calculations were performed to investigate how Ag and Cu alloying modulates the structural, energetic, and electronic properties of two-dimensional Au monolayers, resulting in the formation of AuAg and AuCu alloys. Both alloyed systems are thermodynamically stable and adopt an isosceles triangular lattice structure. The bond lengths in the alloyed monolayers generally fall between those of their elemental counterparts, with AuCu exhibiting notably shorter Au–Cu bonds, reflecting stronger atomic interactions.</div><div>Importantly, the binding energy of the AuCu monolayer is more negative than that of both pure Au and pure Cu monolayers, indicating enhanced stability due to cooperative bonding effects and orbital hybridization. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations confirm thermal stability up to ∼1000 K, beyond which structural degradation occurs. Phonon dispersion calculations reveal no imaginary frequencies, supporting the dynamic stability of both alloyed systems.</div><div>Electronic band structure and density of states (DOS) analyses confirm their metallic character, with stronger hybridization observed in AuCu due to its reduced bond length and compact structure. Mechanical property evaluations—including elastic constants, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio—demonstrate that alloying leads to a reduction in stiffness and an increase in anisotropy. These findings highlight the tunability of 2D noble metal monolayers via alloying, offering promising avenues for future applications in flexible electronics, catalysis, and nanoscale devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 314-323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating Jackiw-Teitelboim Euclidean gravity from static three-dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons electromagnetism","authors":"Thales F. Bittencourt ,&nbsp;Rodrigo F. Sobreiro","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We consider pure three-dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics in the static limit. We show that this theory can be mapped onto a two-dimensional gravitational model in the first-order formalism of Riemannian manifolds with Euclidean signature, coupled to a real scalar field naturally interpreted as a dilaton. In this framework, the Newtonian and cosmological constants in two dimensions are fully determined by the electric charge. The solution to this gravitational model is found to be trivial: a constant dilaton field on a flat manifold. However, we introduce two distinct shifts of the spin connection that transform the model into Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity. Specifically, we identify two additional solutions: a hyperbolic manifold with also a constant dilaton configuration; and a spherical manifold where, again, the dilaton assumes a constant, nonzero field configuration. In both non-flat cases, by employing the Gauss-Bonnet theorem in the specific cases of compact manifolds, we establish that the manifold’s radius is fixed by the cosmological constant (and, therefore, by the electric charge).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 368-383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlock unprecedented accuracy in viral detection with Virusure: A Smartphone integrated sensor empowered by Trailing Moving Average algorithm","authors":"Asmita Gupta ,&nbsp;Chansi ,&nbsp;Inderpreet Singh ,&nbsp;Siddhi Nagar ,&nbsp;Ashish Mani ,&nbsp;Susanta Sinha Roy ,&nbsp;A.V.S.S. Narayana Rao ,&nbsp;Sudhir Kapoor ,&nbsp;Tinku Basu","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viral infections pose a significant global health burden, underscoring the critical need for proactive measures such as vaccination and rapid diagnostics. Complex laboratory procedures involved in traditional viral detection result in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Addressing this challenge, we introduce \"Virusure,\" an innovative ASSURED (Affordable, sensitive, specific, user-friendly, rapid, and robust, equipment-free, and deliverable to end-users) virus sensor designed for swift and accessible detection. This portable device integrates a handheld potentiostat with a smartphone via Bluetooth, enabling rapid (∼30 min) detection of viral proteins in throat swab samples. In response to the recent COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, \"Virusure\" has been specifically calibrated for the detection of the nucleocapsid protein (Npro) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The sensor exhibits a broad detection range, equivalent to a viral load of ∼10⁶ virus particles per mL, with excellent linearity (R² = 0.98). It also demonstrates high analytical performance and a remarkable specificity of minimal cross-reactivity (&lt;10 %) with other common respiratory viruses. To ensure accuracy and reliability, the Trailing Moving Average (MA) algorithm with a window size of 7 (MA7) was implemented using Python's Pandas library. The approach allows “Virusure” to achieve high performance and cost-effectivity. Smartphone integration allows \"Virusure\" to offer a user-friendly interface for convenient self-testing and remote disease monitoring capabilities, holding immense potential in diagnostic and public health care sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 299-313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring signal-driven gene diversity: a novel cascade approach","authors":"Zhenzhen Guo ,&nbsp;Haowen Chen ,&nbsp;Wenjie Cao ,&nbsp;Huahai Qiu ,&nbsp;Tianshou Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cells must have the ability to respond to various external signals, but our understanding of this signal response is very limited. Here we analyze a simple cascade model of stochastic gene expression, which assumes that the upstream (input) gene is expressed in a constitutive manner whereas the downstream (output) gene is expressed in a bursty fashion via a two-state model, and that the former regulates the latter via transcription factors (products of the former). By large scale sampling in the space of model parameters, we find that the output distributions can exhibit diverse patterns such as unimodal, bimodal or trimodal modes, depending on the regulation way (positive or negative). These patterns, which are different from those in the case of no regulation, are independent of the choice of parameter values and hence qualitatively invariant. Diverse expression patterns resulting from signal response would be important for cell fate decisions and utilized by cells for a better survival in complex environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 125-136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum scheme for private set intersection and union cardinality based on quantum homomorphic encryption","authors":"Chong-Qiang Ye ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Tian-Yu Ye ,&nbsp;Xiao-Yu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Private set intersection (PSI) and private set union (PSU) are the crucial primitives in secure multiparty computation protocols, enabling several participants to jointly compute the intersection and union of their private sets without revealing any additional information. Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) offers significant advantages in handling privacy-preserving computations. However, given the current limitations of quantum resources, developing efficient and feasible QHE-based protocols for PSI and PSU computations remains a critical challenge. In this work, a novel quantum private set intersection and union cardinality protocol is proposed, accompanied by the corresponding quantum circuits. Based on quantum homomorphic encryption, the protocol allows the intersection and union cardinality of users’ private sets to be computed on quantum-encrypted data with the assistance of a semi-honest third party. By operating on encrypted quantum states, it effectively mitigates the risk of original information leakage. Furthermore, the protocol requires only simple Pauli and CNOT operations, avoiding the use of complex quantum manipulations (e.g., <span><math><mi>T</mi></math></span> gate and phase rotation gate). Compared to related protocols, this approach offers advantages in feasibility and privacy protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 108-124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}