{"title":"नेपाली भाषाको प्रयोजनपरक भेद","authors":"यज्ञेश्वर निरौला","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v13i2.49816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v13i2.49816","url":null,"abstract":"नेपाली भाषाका प्रायः सबै वक्ताले सामान्य बोलचाल र लेखपढका काममा प्रयोगमा ल्याउने नेपाली भाषाको भेद नै सामान्य नेपाली हो तर ज्ञानविज्ञान र प्रविधिका साथै सञ्चार, कानुन, साहित्य, दर्शन, राजनीति, कृषि, प्रशासन, व्यापार वाणिज्य आदि नेपाली भाषाका विशिष्ट क्षेत्रमा प्रयोग गरिने भाषिक भेदलाई प्रयोजनपरक नेपाली भनिन्छ । विषयगत रूपमा प्रयोग हुने प्राविधिक तथा पारिभाषिक शब्द शब्दावली, वाक्य गठन, प्रस्तुतिको शैली आदिबाट भाषाका भेद छुट्टिँदै जाने क्रममा भाषाका प्रयोजनपरक भेदको जन्म हुन्छ । मानिसले जीविकोपार्जनका निम्ति गर्नुपर्ने कुनै न कुनै कामका आधारमा समाजमा बसोबास गर्ने सबै मानिसहरूको कार्य क्षेत्र एकै खालको हुँदैन । भिन्न भिन्न कार्यक्षेत्रका व्यक्तिहरूले प्रयोग गर्ने भाषाको प्रयोजनअनुसार शैलीमा फरक हुने गर्दछ । प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखमा नेपाली भाषामा केकस्ता प्रयोजनपरक भेद रहेका छन् भन्ने बारेमा चर्चा गरिएको छ । यस क्रममा प्रयोजनपरक भाषिक भेदको सैद्धान्तिक ढाँचा प्रस्तुत गर्दै नेपाली भाषामा पाइने प्रयोजनपरक भेदको परिचय दिई विश्लेषण गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यही उद्देश्य प्राप्तिका लागि पुस्तकालय पद्धतिबाट सङ्कलन गरिएको सामग्रीलाई विश्लेषण गरी यस लेखमा नेपाली भाषामा रहेका प्रयोजनपरक भेदहरूको निरूपण गरिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115902508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Government Expenditure and Economic Growth of Nepal","authors":"Bashu Dev Dhungel","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v13i2.49820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v13i2.49820","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the effects of public spending on Nepalese GDP growth from the fiscal year 1990/91 to 2019/20. This study has applied Stationary Test along with ordinary least square method to investigate the role of explanatory variables on GDP growth of Nepal. Agriculture, education, health and transportation and communication are all included in government spending. All explanatory variables have made favorable effect on Nepal's GDP growth. The multivariate regression analysis confirms that community expenditure in health sector as well as education sector leads to uplift the human capital which have ultimately positive influence on theeconomic growth of the country.","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128447061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"चुनाबमा सोसल मिडियाको प्रयोग र एजेन्डा–सेटिङ","authors":"ऋषिकेश दाहाल","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58007","url":null,"abstract":"सोसल मिडियाको बहुआयामिक उपस्थितिले अन्य क्षेत्रमा जस्तै मिडिया र राजनीतिमा पनि प्रभाव पारेको छ । नेपालमा चुनाबी अभियानका अवधिमा भएका अभ्यासले सञ्चार र राजनीति दुवै क्षेत्रमा ’नयाँ माध्यम’ले बलशाली उपस्थिति देखाइसकेको छ । सोसल मिडियाको उपस्थिति सन् २०१७ मा सम्पन्न स्थानीय तहको निर्वाचनमा पनि देखिएको थियो । तर सन् २०२२ मा आइपुग्दा प्रभाव र पहुँचका हिसाबले राजनीतिक तहबाट एजेन्डा सेट गर्ने हैसियतमा यसको प्रयोग अप्रत्यासित रूपमा बढेको छ । कुनै पनि सन्देशलाई तीव्र गतिमा स्थापित गर्ने क्ष१७७मता सोसल मिडियासँग भएकाले निर्वाचनमा परम्परागत माध्यमप्रतिको निर्भरता कमजोर बन्दैछ । यस अध्ययनमा चुनाबका सन्दर्भमा राजनीतिक दल र तिनका नेताले जारी गरेका सन्देश, विषयवस्तुको विश्लेषण विधिबाट मूल्याङ्कन गरिएको छ । चुनाब प्रचारको एक महिना अवधिमा फेसबुक, युट्युब र टिकटकमा ‘अपलोड’ सामग्रीको अनुगमन गरिएको हो । त्यसैगरी चुनाबी प्रचारमा सोसल मिडियाको प्रयोगबारे दस्ताबेज अध्ययन पनि गरिएको छ । यसरी अध्ययन गर्दा सन् २०२२ को स्थानीय तह निर्वाचनपूर्वको एक महिनामा सोसल मिडियाबाट नै नेपालका राजनीतिक दलले आफ्ना एजेन्डा स्थापित गर्न प्रयास गरेको पाइयो । वामपन्थी पृष्ठभूमिका नेकपा एमाले र नेकपा माओवादी केन्द्रले व्यक्तिमा आधारित एजेन्डा स्थापित गरिरहँदा नेपाली काङ्ग्रेसले घोषणापत्रमा आधारित मुद्दालाई सोसल मिडियाबाट जनसमक्ष पु¥याउन खोजेको पाइयो । राजनीतिक दलले नयाँ माध्यमको प्रयोग भने पुरातन शैलीमा नै गरेको अध्ययनको निष्कर्ष छ ।","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121057403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Human Nature and Morality in Cormac McCarthy’s The Road","authors":"Ravindra Neupane","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v14i1.57995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i1.57995","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has examined how human nature and morals play a role in humanity’s obsession with (post-) apocalyptic literature. Especially, it has analyzed The Road (2006) in light of Literary Darwinism, often known as Evolutionary Literary Study, which has evolutionary psychology as its theoretical foundation. This paper investigates The Road in the context of models of human nature and behavior by adopting a literary Darwinist approach and apocalyptic thought. It is demonstrated that (post-) apocalyptic authors examine human nature and morality when survival is at stake by exploiting both created (cultural) concerns and universal (natural) worries in their dystopian settings. Additionally, it has revealed how vitally evolved aspects of the human mind are to (post-)apocalyptic fiction. Since the creative scenes in these kinds of novels are works of human imagination, they ought to be able to tell us something about the brains behind them, as well as their ethos and motivations. The basic elements of human nature that McCarthy explores are also assessed in terms of how they align with or conflict with fundamental ideas about human nature and morality, though in ways that are constrained and channeled by the author's cultural context, personal needs, and the motivation behind writing about such a post-apocalyptic world. McCarthy’s ethics and ideals as well as the effect McCarthy’s post-apocalyptic world has on readers are examined. Based on the analysis presented in this paper, by emphasizing human nature and the cultural context of the time, as well as by drawing a distinction between culture and nature through the lens of Literary Darwinism, this paper has found that McCarthy’s The Road is profoundly influenced by moral characteristics, human nature, and universal human fears and needs.","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121653130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of Prosperity in Nepal: Analysis of Nepal Living Standard Survey Data 2010/11","authors":"Ramchandra Karki","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58004","url":null,"abstract":"To give the answer of whether and to what extent educational and health status determines prosperity, this paper explains the relative effect of prosperity among the level of education and health status as the capability of an individual. The variables are qualitative in nature so the standard statistical methods, chi-square, and logistic regression techniques have been applied to identify the extent to which the factors influence the probability of both households and individuals being prosperous. For this purpose, analyzing the data from Nepal Living Standard Survey (NLSS, 2010/11), I argue that educational achievement as an individual capability is a major determining factor of prosperity rather than other variables. In conclusion, a higher level of education means a higher level of prosperity.","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130430862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Brief Study of Master's Degree Students' Writing Skills Proficiency","authors":"R. Gurung","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v14i1.57996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i1.57996","url":null,"abstract":"<>The main objective of this paper was to examine the academic writing skills of master's degree students and equip them to write a research paper logically. The study was carried out to make the target groups feel the pivotal role of coherence and cohesion in writing. To analyze the writing skill, the qualitative approach was used as a major method although the quantitative approach was also sued partially. One of the findings of the study was that the target groups pointed out the traditional methods of teaching. About fifty respondents pointed out that there are no practical writing classes. Most of them realized that a research paper is a good combination of ideas organized and a coherent presentation of the thesis statement and methodology. Coherence and cohesion are the major factors of a research paper. They found that research paper writing is a challenging job.","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133352217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Protection Policy and its Response in Nepal","authors":"B. Acharya","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58003","url":null,"abstract":"Social protection aims to support the weak and underprivileged. It refers to a set of policies to help marginalized people maintain an adequate standard of living throughout their lives. There are many social protection programs in Nepal targeting vulnerable groups such as senior citizens, the disabled, women, the marginalized, and Dalits. There are numerous social protection programs in Nepal, including insurance, subsidies, and public works initiatives in addition to cash, in-kind, and food offerings. This paper reviews existing literature on such social security debates by systematically describing the key elements of coverage, benefits, and sustainability through the desk study method. It is a critical evaluation of the available research on Nepal's social protection schemes. This paper then concludes that, despite minimal governmental capacity, there are enough programs under operation. However, for optimum output, the Government of Nepal must also take into account the enhancement of its current policies, administrative capabilities, and long-term sustainability.","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114917038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"वार्षिक प्रणालीको शोधप्रस्ताव लेखन: अभ्यास, प्रवृत्ति र व्यावहारिक पक्षहरू","authors":"नरेन्द्र मिश्र","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58010","url":null,"abstract":"प्रस्तुत लेख स्नातकोत्तर तहको शोधप्रस्ताव लेखनका सम्बन्धमा आधारित छ । स्नातकोत्तर तहको शोधप्रस्ताव लेखन एक गहन विषय हो । यसका लागि शोधार्थीसँग सैद्धान्तिक र व्यावहारिक ज्ञानका साथै मिहिनेत, लगनशीलता र रूचि पनि त्यतिकै आवश्यक पर्दछ । यस अनुसन्धानको उद्देश्य स्नातकोत्तर तह वार्षिक प्रणाली अन्तर्गतका शोधप्रस्तावको शीर्षक छनौटका शैक्षिक आधारहरू, शोधप्रस्ताव लेखनको विषयगत प्रवृत्ति र सैद्धान्तिक तथा व्यावहारिक पक्षहरूको वर्णन गर्नु रहेको छ । जसका लागि रत्न राज्यलक्ष्मी क्याम्पस समाजशास्त्र तथा मानवशास्त्र विभाग अन्तर्गत वार्षिक प्रणाली अन्तर्गतका शोधार्थीहरूको शोधप्रस्ताव स्वीकृत भई दर्ता भएको अभिलेखलाई आधार मानिएको छ । प्राप्त गरिएका तथ्याङ्कहरूलाई वर्णनात्मक ढाँचाको प्रयोग गरी व्याख्या र विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । निष्कर्षमा, शोधार्थीहरूको शोधपत्रको शीर्षक छनौट, लेखन प्रवृत्ति, समसामयिक विषयवस्तु, तथ्याङ्क उपलब्धता र शोधार्थीको विषयप्रतिको रूचिले निर्धारण गरेको पाइएको छ । नियमित कक्षा कोठामा उपस्थित भएर अध्ययन गर्ने शोधार्थीहरूभन्दा शोधप्रस्ताव लेखनको समयमा मात्रै विभाग र शोधनिर्देशकसँग शैक्षिक परामर्शका लागि सम्पर्कका आउने शोधार्थीहरूमा सैद्धान्तिक विषयवस्तुको ज्ञानमा कमि, प्रशासनिक प्रक्रियामा अन्यौल साथै शैक्षिक निर्देशिका र ढाँचामा आधारित लेखनमा समस्या भएको पाइन्छ ।","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128115967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of Women in Agriculture Related Work Performance in Nepal: A Study of Sunkoshi Rural Municipality of Okhaldhunga","authors":"Khila Nath Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i1.58002","url":null,"abstract":"Development of rural areas depends on agricultural industry because it is a main occupation and source of income generation of rural farmers in Nepal. Farming has, however, only given a very small portion of a farmer's income, thus they have added other sources of income. Moreover, half of all economically active people, according to a field survey, work in agriculture. In comparison to the male population, more women work in agriculture. Numerous factors, including family structure, the caste system, educational attainment, farmer age, crop variety, technological level, etc., have an impact on rural women's roles in agricultural production. Women are mostly involved and performed the majority of the labor-intensive tasks including irrigation, harvesting, planting, cultivation of cereal crops and the care of animals. They also have a significant part in the purchase of seeds, fertilizer, and other necessary tools. Rural women also work in a variety of livestock-related tasks, such as grazing, milking cows and buffalo, cleaning sheds, etc. Additionally, they must care for their children and handle household duties with little to no support. So, some recommendations are offered in light of the research's findings, such as raising the overall literacy rate, promoting new idea and technologies like labour-saving devices, and reduction of their drudgeries in household activities are to be introduced in the rural area.","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116555284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emotional Intensity in Vagabond: Prognosis of an Anti-hero?","authors":"Motikala Subba Dewan","doi":"10.3126/hssj.v14i1.57993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i1.57993","url":null,"abstract":"Vagabond is a graphic novel that unveils the story of a vagrant using visuals to intensely support dialogues. It provides a glimpse of the protagonist's emotional intensity of having both qualities of vice and virtue. Traditionally, the hero or protagonist is appreciated for good qualities, being brave, noble, strong, helping others, and admired for his achievements and abilities, not for evilness. The protagonist in Vagabond possesses all of the characteristics that have projected him to be a true hero. However, often some critics interpreted him as an anti-hero. This research will try to address the following questions: Why is the protagonist described as a vagabond in the novel? How graphics could be an effective tool for expression? How does the protagonist in Vagabond portray an anti-hero? What is the emotional intensity that contributes to his anti-hero status? This research article aims to answer the above questions and explore the protagonist Shinmen Takezo, a fierce warrior as a vagabond with an anti-hero identity having fiery magnitude fighting like a beast. Furthermore, it examines the changing paradox of beliefs and actions that are supposed to believe in a real hero of postmodernism with the effective use of graphic/visual frameworks.","PeriodicalId":103345,"journal":{"name":"Humanities and Social Sciences Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114874467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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