Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"The relation of sudden sensory neural hearing loss with the previous incidence of chronic periodontitis.","authors":"So Young Kim, Hyo Geun Choi, Joo-Hee Kim, Dae Myoung Yoo, Kyeongmin Han, Na-Eun Lee, Mi Jung Kwon, Ho Suk Kang","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2024.00297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chronic periodontitis (CP) has been linked to an increased risk of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). This study aimed to delineate the causal relationships between CP and SSNHL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 40-year-old participants in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort from 2002 through 2019 were used. The data of 13,769 patients with SSNHL were collected and matched with those of 55,076 control participants in terms of demographic and socioeconomic variables. The incidence of CP before the onset of SSNHL was recorded. The odds ratios (ORs) of CP for SSNHL were analyzed via conditional logistic regression. The ORs for SSNHL were analyzed according to the frequency of CP, ≥ 1, 2, and 3 times within 1 year and ≥ 1 within 2 years. In addition, sensitivity analyses were conducted for all the covariables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CP patients had a higher mean CP occurrence (0.71 within one year, 1.34 within two years) than controls. CP was associated with increased odds of SSNHL (OR = 1.14 [95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.10-1.19] for CP ≥ 1 within one year, OR = 1.09 [95%CI = 1.03- 1.15] for CP ≥ 2, and OR = 1.09 [95% CI = 1.02-1.17] for CP ≥ 3). CP ≥ 1 within two years was related to a 1.15 (95% CI = 1.10-1.19) times greater odds for SSNHL. Higher SSNHL rate was also observed in subgroups of underweight, overweight, elderly, and comorbid individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CP was linked with an elevated incidence of SSNHL. Individuals with comorbidities, advanced age, or abnormal body weight were more likely to have CP with SSNHL.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarpogrelate Delivered via Osmotic Pump Enhances Residual Hearing Preservation After Cochlear Implantation.","authors":"Jungho Ha, Siung Sung, Jongmoon Jang, Young Sun Kim, Seongjun So, Jeong Hyeon Yun, Yun-Hoon Choung, Jeong Hun Jang","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2024.00354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of sarpogrelate, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 2A receptor antagonist, on residual hearing preservation and inflammatory responses after cochlear implantation (CI) in an animal model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The damaging effects of CI were simulated in male albino guinea pigs by using a dummy electrode. Animals were divided into three groups: control (n=12, dummy electrode insertion only), SPG-1004 (n=7, low-capacity pump with sarpogrelate), and SPG-2004 (n=6, high-capacity pump with sarpogrelate). Sarpogrelate was administered via osmotic pumps at two different volumes and its effect on hearing thresholds, histological outcomes, and the expression of inflammation-related genes were evaluated. Hearing was evaluated using auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds at baseline (preoperatively) and at 1-, 7-, and 30-days postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sarpogrelate administration through an osmotic pump led to significant hearing preservation across all tested frequencies at 1-month post-surgery (p<0.05), as compared with the control group, which only underwent dummy electrode insertion. Histological analysis revealed that cochlear fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly reduced in the sarpogrelate-treated groups, and more so in the group with the higher pump volume. Gene expression analysis supported these findings, showing a significant reduction in inflammationrelated markers in the sarpogrelate-treated groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sarpogrelate demonstrated a protective effect against loss of residual hearing after CI, likely due to its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. Moreover, the use of an osmotic pump allowed controlled and sustained delivery of the drug over time. These findings suggest that sarpogrelate administered via an osmotic pump is a promising pharmacological approach for improving postoperative outcomes in patients with CI by preserving residual hearing.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIAGNOSIS OF ANOSMIA IN MIDDLE AGE INCREASES ALZHEIMER'S DEMENTIA RISK, BUT NOT IN THE ELDERLY.","authors":"Jin Kook Kim, Jae Hoon Cho","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2024.00345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many studies have reported that patients with anosmia have an increased incidence of dementia later in life. However, most of these were conducted only on older people aged 65 or older, and there was a lack of research on middle-aged subjects aged 40-65.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing Korea's National Health Insurance claims data. The study targeted participants aged 40 years and above, randomly selecting 40% of individuals who underwent the 2009 national health check-up. The cohort was divided into two groups: the anosmia group (n = 8,023), consisting of individuals diagnosed with anosmia between 2006 and 2008, and the control group (n = 2,680,534), comprising the remaining participants. Subsequently, we followed up on the participants, monitoring the occurrence of Alzheimer's and vascular dementias from 2011 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for various factors across all subjects, the incidence of Alzheimer's dementia increased in the anosmia group compared to the control group [hazard ratio (HR) 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.28]. When comparing the two groups based on age 65, the risk ratio for developing dementia in patients with anosmia compared to controls of the same age significantly increased in those under 65 years of age (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.07-1.54), but did not increase in those over 65 years of age (HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.97-1.24). Vascular dementia was not statistically associated with anosmia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anosmia diagnosed in middle age increases the risk of Alzheimer's dementia, whereas this is not the case in old age.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical application and limitations of digitalized olfactory function test including threshold, discrimination, and identification subsets.","authors":"Hae Ryong Lee, Il-Youp Kwak, Kyung Soo Kim, Hyun Jin Min","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2024.00383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predominance of Auditory but not Vestibular Deficits in the Mouse Model of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.","authors":"Chi-Chieh Chang, Ying-Chang Lu, Po-Nien Tsao, Yen-Hui Chan, Yi-Shan Lee, Pei-Hsuan Lin, Cheng-Yu Hsieh, Wei-Chung Hsu, Chuan-Jen Hsu, Chun-Yi Lu, Chen-Chi Wu","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2024.00305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the auditory and vestibular consequences of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection in a C57BL/6 mouse model established by intraperitoneal inoculation and designed to mimic clinical phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cCMV infection model was established by intraperitoneal inoculation of murine cytomegalovirus into C57BL/6 mice. Auditory and vestibular function were assessed by auditory brainstem response, open field, swim, and rotarod tests. Histologic evaluation of the inner ear was also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study successfully established a model of cCMV infection in C57BL/6 mice. Auditory deficits of varying severity and laterality were observed, reflecting the clinical spectrum in humans. Vestibular function was minimally affected and did not correlate with auditory deficits. Histopathologic examination revealed predominant damage to spiral ganglion neurons with relatively intact vestibular organs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our optimized mouse model effectively recapitulates the inner ear manifestations of human cCMV infection. The predominance of auditory over vestibular deficits provides valuable insights for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions for inner ear sequelae of cCMV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balloon eustachian tuboplasty in chronic suppurative otitis media and dilatory eustachian tube dysfunction: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Hye Ah Joo, Sung-Min Park, Yehree Kim, Dong Kyu Lee, Yun Ji Lee, Yeonjoo Choi, Woo Seok Kang, Joong Ho Ahn, Jong Woo Chung, Won-Ho Chung, Ja-Won Koo, Hong Ju Park","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2024.00281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Balloon eustachian tuboplasty (BET) is an emerging treatment for dilatory eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction. However, its efficacy in patients with both chronic suppurative otitis media (COM) and ET dysfunction remains unclear. The objective of the trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of BET versus medical management (MM) alone in adult patients with COM and chronic dilatory ET dysfunction, which was defined by a failed Valsalva maneuver.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial, a total of 116 participants (121 ears) treated between January 2021 and June 2023 were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either BET with MM or MM alone (fluticasone furoate nasal steroid spray). The short-term primary outcome was the normalization of the Valsalva maneuver at the 8-week follow-up. Secondary outcomes were improved Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire- 7 (ETDQ-7) scores and decreased air-bone gap (ABG) analyzed at 8 weeks. Adverse events were monitored in both groups during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 116 participants (121 ears), 60 participants (62 ears) received BET and 56 participants (59 ears) received MM alone. Demographics, baseline characteristics, ETDQ-7 scores, bone conduction thresholds, and ABG did not differ significantly between the groups. In the BET group, 46.8% (29/62, ears) achieved a successful Valsalva maneuver compared with 15.3% (9/59, ears) in the MM-only group (p<0.001). BET group (-6.2±9.4) showed greater subjective symptom improvement than the MM-only group (-2.6±8.6) regarding ETDQ-7 scores (p=0.028). ABG decreased more in the BET group (-5.8±11.4 dB) compared with the MM-only group (-1.2±10.5 dB) (p=0.023). No serious procedure-related or device-related adverse events occurred in either group during the 8-week follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our trial suggests that BET, combined with MM, demonstrated superiority over MM alone, along with its safety, in treating dilatory ET dysfunction in patients with COM.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel EYA1 splicing mutation in a Chinese branchio-oto syndrome family with functional analysis and reproductive intervention.","authors":"Chen Anhai, Jiang Lu, Nie Zequn, Song Jian, He Chufeng, Mei Lingyun, Liu Yalan","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2024.00304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Branchio-oto syndrome (BOS) is a group of autosomal dominant genetic diseases, multisystem disorders excluding renal anomalies. There are clinical heterogeneity and ethnic diversity in BOS, which reported in more studies in European populations than in Asian populations, with a prevalence rate of approximately 1/40000. As the most common disease-causing gene, the mutation types of EYA1 range from missense to various frameshift, splicing and nonsense variants. Although splicing mutations are one of the important factors in the disease, existed research has paid less attention to the novel mutations causing aberrant RNA splicing and their pathogenic mechanisms. Reproductive interventions that actively block the transmission of the disease to future generations have also not been reported.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We had collected research samples from a three-generation Chinese family with BOS. Whole exome sequencing was applied for the screening of candidate causing gene. Minigene assay was performed to identify the aberrant splicing products, and molecular biology techniques were used to analyze the pathogenicity of potentially mistranslated proteins. pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT) has been employed to prevent hearing loss in this family based on SNP analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A novel mutation EYA1:c.1598-2AG>TA was identified by whole-exome sequencing and classified as harmful refer to ACMG's evidence. An aberrant RNA splicing was verified and suggested that might prematurely terminates the translation of EYA1 protein, through the minigene assay. The EYA1 truncated protein presented unstable and difficultly translocated to the nucleus, also impaired EYA1-SIX1 interactions in cytological experiments. PGT helped the proband give birth to a healthy boy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A novel splicing variant of EYA1 gene was identified in this study, and the potential molecular pathogenic mechanism was elucidated by several functional experiments. On basis above findings, we successfully implemented the first instance of using PGT to ensure the birth of a healthy offspring free from this genetic disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic Versus Manual Electrode Insertion in Cochlear Implant Surgery: An Experimental Study.","authors":"Salman F Alhabib, Farid Alzhrani, Abdulrahman Alsanosi, Mariam Al-Amro, Abdulaziz Alballaa, Ibrahim Shami, Abdulrahman Hagr, Asma Alahmadi, Tahir Sharif, Maximilian Stichling, Marco Matulic, Masoud Zoka Assadi, Yassin Abdelsamad, Fida Almuhawas","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00253","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This experimental study compared the precision and surgical outcomes of manual versus robotic electrode insertions in cochlear implantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted on formalin-fixed cadaveric heads, with nine senior neurotologists performing both manual and robotic insertions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed no statistically significant differences between the two methods in terms of insertion angle, cochlear coverage, or electrode coverage. However, the robotic method demonstrated a significantly slower and more controlled insertion speed (0.1 mm/sec) compared to manual insertion (0.66±0.31 mm/sec), which is crucial for minimizing intra-cochlear force and pressures. Although robotic insertions resulted in fewer complications such as tip fold-over or scala deviation, there were instances of incomplete insertion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The robotic system provided a consistent and controlled insertion process, potentially standardizing cochlear implant operations and reducing outcome variability. The study concludes that robotic-assisted insertion offers significant advantages in controlling insertion speed and consistency, supporting the continued development and clinical evaluation of robotic systems for cochlear implant surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11917199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Surgical Outcome of Canal-Tympanoplasty in Patients With Schuknecht Type B Congenital Aural Stenosis.","authors":"Yoonjae Lee, Moo Kyun Park, Jun Ho Lee, Sang-Yeon Lee, Myung-Whan Suh","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00189","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Congenital aural atresia (CAA) is a complex condition that manifests in various forms, including Schuknecht type B stenosis, which is characterized by a congenitally narrow bony external auditory canal (EAC). This study aims to evaluate the long-term surgical outcomes of canal-tympanoplasty in patients with Schuknecht type B CAA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 21 ears diagnosed with Schuknecht type B CAA, all of which underwent canal-tympanoplasty. Reconstruction of the large EAC and tympanic membrane involved conchal flap meatoplasty, bony EAC drilling, ossicular reconstruction, and overlay tympanoplasty. Standard pure-tone audiometry was analyzed at multiple post-surgery time points: 3, 6, 12, and 24-60 months. Additionally, the incidence of postoperative complications was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hearing outcomes of canal-tympanoplasty in this case series were satisfactory. Serviceable hearing was achieved in all patients after 3 months and was maintained in 85% of patients for 1 year. The air-bone gap improved from a preoperative average of 39.3±15.1 dB to 13.7±7.4 dB at 3 months, 16.4±10.5 dB at 6 months, 19.1±11.7 dB at 12 months, and 21.5±16.1 dB at 2-5 years postoperatively. Three patients required revision canal-tympanoplasty due to hearing deterioration, representing 14.3% of the cases. There were no instances of postoperative infection, facial nerve weakness, vertigo, deterioration of bone conduction thresholds, or complete restenosis of the EAC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Canal-tympanoplasty proved to be a satisfactory surgical intervention for patients with Schuknecht type B CAA. This procedure led to significant improvements in hearing outcomes, providing serviceable hearing that lasted for several years. Moreover, the risk of postoperative hearing deterioration and/or the need for revision surgery within 1 year was considered acceptable.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11917197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Complex Impact of Smoking Habits on Allergic Rhinitis: A National Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Jae-Min Shin, Yujin Jeong, Jaehyeong Kim, Juhyun Lee, Tae Hoon Kim","doi":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00202","DOIUrl":"10.21053/ceo.2024.00202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Allergic rhinitis (AR) significantly impacts quality of life and incurs socioeconomic costs. The influence of smoking habits, including the use of conventional cigarettes (CCs) and electronic cigarettes (ECs), on the prevalence and management of AR remains a subject of debate. This study aims to explore the association between smoking status (CC and EC use) and the prevalence and management of AR among Koreans by analyzing data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VII (2018) and VIII (2019-2021).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 22,290 participants aged 19 years and older from the KNHANES. Participants self-reported their smoking status, and urinary cotinine levels were measured to assess nicotine exposure. We employed statistical analyses, including logistic regression, to examine the relationships between smoking status, cotinine levels, and the prevalence and management of AR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In univariable logistic regression analysis, EC users exhibited a 35.8% increased risk of AR compared to non-smokers, whereas CC users experienced a 27.7% reduced risk. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a 20.3% lower risk of AR among CC users; however, no significant association was observed for EC users. Higher cotinine levels (>500 ng/mL) were associated with a lower prevalence of AR. Specifically, heavy CC users with high cotinine levels demonstrated a 35% reduced risk of AR. Nonetheless, after adjusting for confounders, this association was no longer significant, indicating that other variables might influence this relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smoking status is associated with the prevalence of AR in Koreans. Notably, heavy use of CCs is negatively correlated with the prevalence of AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":10318,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"30-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11917198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}