RSC Advances最新文献

{"title":"First-principles study of rare-earth-free Cs4SrI6:Tl, a zero-dimensional halide perovskite for scintillation applications","authors":"Md. Helal Miah, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Yahaya Saadu Itas, Amran Hossain, Phannee Saengkaew, Arshid Numan, Mohammad Aminul Islam and Mohammad Nur-E-Alam","doi":"10.1039/D6RA00836D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA00836D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In recent years, rare-earth-activated perovskite scintillators have drawn significant research attention owing to their characteristic and efficient 4f<small><sup><em>n</em></sup></small> ↔ 4f<small><sup><em>n</em>−1</sup></small>5d electronic transitions. However, the high cost and limited readiness of rare-earth elements motivate the search for alternative activators. In this context, thallium ions (Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>) can offer a promising activator that can act as a two-level luminescent center, yielding characteristic emissions through 6s<small><sup>1</sup></small>6p<small><sup>1</sup></small> → 6s<small><sup>2</sup></small> electronic transitions, similar to the well-known NaI:Tl scintillator while remaining cost-effective. In this investigation, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to explore the opto-electronic and scintillation–relevant properties of the undoped and Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>-doped Cs<small><sub>4</sub></small>SrI<small><sub>6</sub></small> halide perovskites. The computed band structures demonstrated the reduction of band gap with the increasing Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small> concentrations. The observed relatively flat bands near the band edges suggested large carrier effective masses, which may suppress carrier mobility and promote carrier localization. In halide systems with strong electron-phonon coupling, such localization can lead to the formation of self-trapped excitons that may recombine radiatively through Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small> activator centers, enhancing the emission efficiency. More specifically, Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small> introduces localized Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>-6s* and Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>-6p* states above valence band maximum (VBM) and below conduction band minimum (CBM) of the host Cs<small><sub>4</sub></small>SrI<small><sub>6</sub></small>, respectively. As the Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small> concentration increases, these states (especially Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>-6s*) become more prominent and enhance the probability of efficient and characteristic radiative emission from Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>-6p*(6s<small><sup>1</sup></small>6p<small><sup>1</sup></small>) → Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>-6s* (6s<small><sup>2</sup></small>). urthermore, the estimated values of radiant quantum efficiency were 39.52%, 41.41%, and 43.70% for Cs<small><sub>4</sub></small>SrI<small><sub>6</sub></small> doped with 1.52% Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>, 3.03% Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>, and 4.55% Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small>, respectively, which showed enhanced energy conversion efficiency. Additionally, the reduction in band gap with the increasing Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small> concentration led to an increase in the theoretical upper limit of light yield (LY), exceeding 108 401 photons/MeV for the 4.55% Tl<small><sup>+</sup></small> dopant under ideal conditions. Moreover, this investigation revealed an Auger-free luminescence process in Tl","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 22969-22991"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra00836d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photothermal carbon black coatings enable efficient solar-driven membrane distillation","authors":"Mubark Alshareef, Amr Mohamed Mahmoud, Ahmed S. AL-Ghamdi, Hesham Alhumade, Ibrahim Mustafa, Mohammed T. Alotaibi, Ahmed Alharbi, Bassant Ebraheem and Mohamed E. A. Ali","doi":"10.1039/D6RA02032A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA02032A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising thermally driven desalination technology; however, its practical implementation remains limited by low vapor flux and pronounced temperature polarization. In this study, a thin photothermal coating composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nanostructured carbon black (CB) was spray-deposited onto a commercial porous PTFE membrane to enhance solar-driven MD performance. The resulting PVA–CB layer exhibited strong broadband light absorption and efficient photothermal conversion in the visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) range. Structural and optical analyses confirmed a turbostratic graphitic structure with a crystallite size of 36.3 nm, a microstrain of 3.44 × 10<small>⁻⁴</small>, and an effective direct optical band gap of 3.58 eV determined from Tauc analysis of the dominant π–π* transitions. Under simulated solar irradiation, the modified membrane showed a pronounced increase in surface temperature, enabling enhanced interfacial evaporation. Consequently, the PVA–CB membrane achieved a 45–60% increase in vapor flux compared with pristine PTFE, reaching up to 1.3 L m<small>⁻²</small> h<small>⁻¹</small> at a temperature difference of 40 °C, while maintaining salt rejection above 99% and stable long-term operation. This improvement is attributed to the synergistic effects of CB-induced localized photothermal heating and PVA-enhanced surface hydrophilicity, which collectively reduce temperature polarization and facilitate efficient heat and mass transfer. These results highlight a scalable, cost-effective strategy for fabricating durable photothermal membranes, thereby advancing solar-driven desalination and sustainable water treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 23101-23119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra02032a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sunlight-driven fast photo-degradation of Eriochrome Black T dye using highly efficient La-doped Ag3PO4 decorated with ZnS QDs","authors":"Shabana Bibi, Amna Bashir, Noshabah Tabassum, It Ee Lee, Hafsa Yasmeen, Syed Mustansar Abbas, Qamar Wali, Muhammad Aamir, Chingmai Ko and Imtiaz Ahmad","doi":"10.1039/D6RA00544F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA00544F","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;The untreated discharge of dye-contaminated effluents into aquatic environments poses serious risks to both environmental integrity and public health. Therefore, the development of efficient dye removal strategies is essential for pollution control and ecosystem protection. This study aims to investigate and optimize the photocatalytic degradation of Eriochrome Black T (EBT) in aqueous solutions using novel Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;-based composites, including lanthanum-doped Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;, and ZnS quantum dots under sunlight irradiation. Pure Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;, 2% and 6% La-doped Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;, and ZnS quantum dots were synthesized &lt;em&gt;via&lt;/em&gt; a co-precipitation method, and their composite photocatalysts were fabricated using a hybrid mixing approach. The characterizations of the materials were carried out using X-ray diffraction, BET surface area analysis, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) to evaluate their structural, optical, and morphological properties. The synthesized photocatalysts, including pure Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;, 2% and 6% La-doped Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;, ZnS quantum dots, and their composite systems, exhibited well-defined crystalline structures, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. UV-vis DRS analysis showed that pure Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; had a band gap of 2.41 eV, which decreased to 2.39 eV for 2% La-doped Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; and 2.36 eV for 6% La-doped Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;, while ZnS quantum dots exhibited a band gap of 3.6 eV, and the 6% La-doped Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;/ZnS QD composite showed a significantly reduced band gap of 1.5 eV. Upon the incorporation of ZnS QDs into the 6% La-Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; particles, the surface area of the 6% La-Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; heterojunction composite increased from 133.446 to 141.120 m&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt; g&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized Ag&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;PO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;-based materials was evaluated through the degradation of Eriochrome Black T (EBT) under light irradiation. The influence of key operational parameters, including the solution pH (3–10), dye concentration (10–20 ppm), photocatalyst dosage (0.05–0.15 g), and irradiation time (5–120 min), was systematically investigated to assess their","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 23136-23153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra00544f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of the medicinal properties of Terminalia arjuna and its major constituent arjunolic acid: a natural product source for new drug leads","authors":"Manohar Bhujel, Sai Giridhar Sarma Kandanur, Lakshminath Sripada and Nageswara Rao Golakoti","doi":"10.1039/D6RA02419J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA02419J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Plants have long been a primary source of natural products for medicine. <em>Terminalia arjuna</em>, a deciduous tree native to the Indian subcontinent, is renowned for its diverse biological properties, such as anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and cardioprotective effects. Various parts of this tree have been used to treat numerous ailments such as cancer, diabetes, inflammation, and microbial infections, as mentioned in ancient medicinal texts such as <em>Ayurveda</em> and <em>Charaka Samhita</em>. Arjunolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene, is a major constituent of <em>T. arjuna</em>, and exhibits a plethora of biological properties such as anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Diverse research groups have utilized arjunolic acid as a template for synthesizing various semi-synthetic derivatives, which have been evaluated for their anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant properties. This review comprehensively compiles and discusses the literature related to <em>T. arjuna</em>, arjunolic acid and its derivatives, focusing on their medicinal properties and the mechanism of their biological activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 23217-23256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra02419j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanosynthesis of a bismuth nanoparticle-decorated palm kernel mesocarp fiber (Bi-PKMF): adsorption of Pb(ii), kinetics and thermodynamics","authors":"Amarachi Udoka Nkwoada, Simeon Chukwudozie Nwanonenyi, Callistus Izunna Iheme, Ali Bilar, Ijeoma Akunna Duru, Tochukwu Ifeanyi Nwakile, Divinefavour Anioke, Janefrances Oluebube Onwuemeodo, Chukwuemeka Fortunatus Nnadozie, Celestine Chidubem Chukwunonyerem, Favour Ogadinma Izuagba and Uchenna Gift Nwaneri","doi":"10.1039/D6RA01094F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01094F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A new bismuth-decorated palm kernel mesocarp fiber (Bi-PKMF) adsorbent was prepared through green liquid-assisted mechano-chemical grinding, followed by thermal crystallization. Detailed characterization (SEM-EDX, TEM, BET, FTIR, and AFM) was performed to verify the uniform dispersion of bismuth oxide nanoparticles in the lignocellulosic matrix and the production of a high-surface-area mesoporous material (387 m<small>²</small> g<small>⁻¹</small> and a pore size of 12.5 nm). Control experiments of the ball-milled PKMF indicated that bismuth functionalization provides chemical enhancement rather than mechanical enhancement. Bi-PKMF exhibited excellent Pb(<small>II</small>) adsorption capacity (112.3 mg g<small>⁻¹</small>), which was 231 times higher than that of pristine PKMF (48.5 mg g<small>⁻¹</small>) with more than 90% removal in 60 min at pH 6. The kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (<em>R</em><small>²</small> = 0.999), and the obtained Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption energy (12.6 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>) confirmed chemisorption. The mesoporous structure reduces the resistance to intraparticle diffusion, allowing access to the active sites (Bi–O, –OH, and –COO–). Spontaneous (Δ<em>G</em>° &lt; 0), exothermic (Δ<em>H</em>° = −29.02 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>), and ordered adsorption were indicated by the thermodynamic parameters. The reusability of Bi-PKMF was good, retaining over 90% of its adsorption capacity after five regeneration cycles. The key to the increased Pb(<small>II</small>) uptake is surface chemistry, rather than physical structure, which makes Bi-PKMF a high-performance biosorbent for sustainable water purification.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 23190-23207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra01094f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological investigation of mycotoxin contaminants and antibiotic residues associated with the poultry industry and their impact on human health","authors":"Jahida Akter, Kabir Hossain, Santanu Deb Nath, Hozzatul Islam, Khaleda Afrin, Hamida Begum and Monir Uzzaman","doi":"10.1039/D6RA00856A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA00856A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Contamination of feed with mycotoxins and the intensive use of therapeutic antibiotics in modern poultry farming have resulted in the accumulation of chemical residues in meat and the environment. These residues may contribute to hepatic, renal, and cardiac dysfunctions, leading to significant public-health concerns. Despite growing awareness and extensive studies on individual poultry contaminants, comprehensive molecular-level assessments of all our selected compounds are still limited. Integrated computational analyses combining density functional theory (DFT), molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), and prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) evaluations to disclose their multi-organ toxic mechanisms also remain scarce. This study was designed to evaluate the hepatic, renal, and cardiac toxicity of selected mycotoxins and therapeutic antibiotics through a computational framework. Molecular geometries and electronic properties were assessed using DFT calculations. As per DFT results, ZER, CIP, ENR, and OTA showed better thermodynamic stability due to higher HOMO–LUMO energy gap; and exhibited higher dipole moments in AB1 (8.26 Debye), CIP (9.70 Debye), ENR (9.80 Debye), and OXY (6.89 Debye). The lower HOMO–LUMO energy gap indicates that these compounds have higher chemical reactivity. Molecular docking result revealed strong binding affinities (ranging from −7.5 kcal mol<small>⁻¹</small> to −9.4 kcal mol<small>⁻¹</small>) within selected ligands and proteins, while MD simulation confirmed stable protein–ligand interactions. Additionally, ADMET and PASS prediction elucidated the potential nephrotoxicity (ENR +0.37, OXY +0.87, and OTA +0.72); hepatotoxicity (ENR +0.94, OXY +0.61, and OTA +0.49); and myocarditis (ENR +0.28, OXY +0.92, and OTA +0.35). Overall, our findings highlighted the potential health risks posed by mycotoxin residues and therapeutic antibiotics used in poultry farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 26","pages":" 23354-23369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra00856a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of methyl proline derivatives of phenylpropanoid","authors":"Weiwei Zhang, Huiwen Yang, Xiangdi Yao, Ruipeng Li, Yao Yao, Wei Ma, Kailiang Ma, Lufei Shao and Pengjuan Zhou","doi":"10.1039/D6RA02514E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA02514E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >To discover novel α-glucosidase inhibitors for diabetes management, a series of six proline methyl ester phenylpropanoid derivatives were synthesized through a seven-step synthetic route involving bromination and nucleophilic substitution. The structures of the target compounds (<strong>2f–7f</strong>) were confirmed by <small>¹</small>H NMR, <small>¹³</small>C NMR, and HRMS. Using the PNPG method, we evaluated their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and found that some compounds acted as effective inhibitors. Among them, compound <strong>6f</strong> demonstrated the strongest activity, with an IC<small>₅₀</small> value of 91 µM. Molecular docking elucidated that <strong>6f</strong> exploits its specific substitution pattern to form a robust complex, stabilized by a near-parallel π–π stacking with Trp59 and a dense hydrogen-bonding network. The proline ring further enhances stability through deep complementary burial within a hydrophobic cleft, resulting in a highly stable binding pose. Further insights were provided by DFT calculations and wavefunction analyses (including IRI, RDG, and ESP), which revealed that favorable electrostatic complementarity and intramolecular non-covalent interactions contribute to its binding affinity. Preliminary ADME predictions indicated promising drug-like properties for this series. In conclusion, compound <strong>6f</strong> shows strong potential as an α-glucosidase inhibitor and merits further investigation for the treatment of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 23208-23216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra02514e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable green-synthesized hematite nanocatalysts and their efficient reduction of aromatic nitro pollutants","authors":"Johnson Paul Jesudasson, Monikadevi P., Rama P., Jothika M., Sivakami S., Selvaraj Mohana Roopan and Karuppiah Muthu","doi":"10.1039/D5RA09934J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA09934J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Aromatic nitro compounds (ANCs) are extremely harmful environmental pollutants that cause severe threats to the environment and human life. This is why the development of effective and non-polluting methods for their elimination is extremely significant. In this study, hematite nanoparticles (HNPs) were prepared using a green and eco-friendly method involving the leaf extract of <em>Sesbania grandiflora</em>. The extract of the plant acted as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the formation of the nanoparticles, making it a cost-effective and sustainable synthesis pathway. The obtained HNPs were identified by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, PXRD, HRTEM and EDAX analysis to ascertain the structural and morphological characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles. The prepared HNPs were tested as catalysts towards the reduction of different aromatic nitro compounds. Kinetic measurements showed that the reduction followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and that mono-nitro compounds reduced much faster in this system than in traditional reduction systems. Moreover, the catalyst was very stable and recyclable and could sustain high catalytic activity for up to six consecutive reaction cycles. The results prove that green-synthesized HNPs can act as effective nanocatalysts for the removal of nitroaromatic pollutants from contaminated water systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 23167-23176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d5ra09934j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pt–Y supported on magnesium–aluminium composite oxide catalysts for highly selective synthesis of 1,2-pentanediol from furfuryl alcohol under mild conditions","authors":"Xiaodong Zhou, Fengqin Guo, Ziqiang Han, Jiajun Zhang, Yan Cao, Huiquan Li, Guozhu Chen and Liguo Wang","doi":"10.1039/D6RA02263D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA02263D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The selective hydrogenolysis of furfuryl alcohol (FFA) to 1,2-pentanediol (1,2-PeD) represents a promising route for biomass valorization, yet it remains challenging due to the competing over-hydrogenation of the furan ring and the recalcitrant C<small>₅</small>–O bond cleavage. Herein, we report a highly efficient bimetallic Pt–Y catalyst supported on a MgO–AlO(OH) mixed oxide (MAO) that enables the selective hydrogenolysis of FFA to 1,2-PeD under remarkably mild conditions (140 °C, 0.8 MPa H<small>₂</small>). Structural characterizations (AC-HAADF-STEM, XPS) confirm the formation of Pt–Y mixed clusters, which induce electron transfer from Pt to Y. This electronic modulation, combined with the tailored basicity of the MAO support, effectively suppresses the over-hydrogenation pathway while promoting the activation of the target C–O bond. <em>In situ</em> Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows that after the introduction of Y, FFA adsorbs on the catalyst surface in a vertical adsorption configuration through its O–H and C–O–C bonds, promoting the selective ring-opening. Consequently, the optimized 0.75Pt0.45Y/MAO catalyst achieves complete FFA conversion with an exceptional 1,2-PeD selectivity of 80.3% (110 mol 1,2-PeD·mol Pt per h), significantly outperforming its monometallic counterparts. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrates outstanding stability in a continuous-flow reactor for over 200 hours without obvious deactivation. This work provides a strategy for designing synergistic bimetallic catalysts for the sustainable production of 1,2-PeD under mild conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 26","pages":" 23314-23325"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra02263d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic oxidative condensation for the synthesis of phenoxazinone and phenazine derivatives catalyzed by an iron-porphyrin complex with a pendant imidazole ligand","authors":"Cheng Wang, Shuai-Chen Zhang, Jing Zhang, Ke Guo and Peng Sun","doi":"10.1039/D6RA02674E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA02674E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Phenoxazinone and phenazine represent privileged <em>N</em>-heteroaromatic scaffolds that are ubiquitously prevalent in natural products, bioactive molecules, and advanced functional materials. Conventional synthetic methodologies for constructing these complex heterocyclic frameworks have relied heavily on stoichiometric amounts of strong oxidants. However, these classical approaches are inevitably accompanied by severe environmental and efficiency issues, including poor functional group tolerance, harsh reaction conditions. Inspired by the active site architecture of natural heme-containing metalloenzymes like cytochrome c oxidase, we designed and synthesized a novel biomimetic iron-porphyrin complex featuring a covalently tethered pendant imidazole. This imidazole acts as an axial ligand, perfectly mimicking the natural enzyme's confined microenvironment. This catalyst exhibits outstanding activity for the aerobic oxidative cyclocondensation of <em>o</em>-aminophenols and <em>o</em>-phenylenediamines. The system demonstrates broad functional group tolerance, affording diverse phenoxazinone and phenazine derivatives in excellent yields using air as the terminal oxidant. This study offers a highly efficient, sustainable paradigm for biomimetic oxidation catalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 23095-23100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra02674e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}