RSC Advances最新文献

{"title":"Antidiabetic potential of Abelmoschus esculentus leaves and fruits: a comparative study assisted by chemical profiling, in vitro and in silico studies","authors":"Ahlam Hashem Elwekeel, Elham Amin, Ahmed M. Sayed and Marwa H. A. Hassan","doi":"10.1039/D4RA08509D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA08509D","url":null,"abstract":"<p > <em>Abelmoschus esculentus</em> (L.) is an edible plant from the Malvaceae family known for its nutritional value. The phytochemical content and medicinal usefulness of the fruits of this plant have been extensively discussed, but the leaves have not been adequately investigated. The present research provides a comparative study of leaves and fruits in terms of phytochemical content and biological potential. Interestingly, the current findings highlight the higher contents of phenolics and flavonoids in the leaf extracts than in the fruit extracts. The results of GC-MS and LC-HRMS/MS analyses indicated the rich and diverse content of both organs. LC-HRMS/MS analysis allowed the annotation of seventy-four metabolites, with the leaf extract being richer (60 annotated metabolites) than the fruit extract (32 metabolites). Flavonoids, phenolics, and fatty acids were the most predominant classes of the detected metabolites. Remarkably, fatty acid derivatives, coumarins, iridoids, and lignans were reported for the first time in the genus <em>Abelmoschus</em>. The investigation of the potential activities of the two organs concluded that the antioxidant activity of leaves (9.9 ± 0.71 mg AAE per g) is better than that of fruits (7.32 ± 0.91 mg AAE per g). Similarly, the IC<small>₅₀</small> values for the anti-enzymatic activity of the leaf extract (4.47 ± 0.1 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small>, 3.54 ± 0.08 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small>, 0.385 ± 0.019 μg mL<small>⁻¹</small>, and 1.044 ± 0.05 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small> against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, DPP-4, and lipase enzymes, respectively) were lower than those for the anti-enzymatic activity of the fruit extract (10.4 ± 0.2 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small>, 6.53 ± 0.15 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small>, 2.669 ± 0.132 μg mL<small>⁻¹</small>, and 14.66 ± 0.67 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively). Additionally, the molecular docking simulation study concluded the distinct role of flavonoids in the observed bioactivities. In conclusion, <em>A. esculentus</em> leaves, which are considered agriculture waste, show richer metabolic content and more potent activities than the fruits. Therefore, okra leaves should be valued for these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 18292-18309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra08509d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive exploration of Na+ ion transport in NaSICONs using molecular dynamics simulations†","authors":"Judith Schuett, Steffen Neitzel-Grieshammer, Shuta Takimoto, Ryo Kobayashi and Masanobu Nakayama","doi":"10.1039/D5RA01549A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA01549A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Scandium-substituted Na<small>_{1+<em>x</em>+<em>y</em>}</small>Sc<small>_<em>y</em></small>Zr<small>_{2−<em>y</em>}</small>Si<small>_<em>x</em></small>P<small>_{3−<em>x</em>}</small>O<small>₁₂</small> NaSICONs have emerged as promising electrolyte materials for all-solid-state sodium batteries. However, the comprehensive investigation of these multi-element structures is challenging due to their vast compositional space, leading to a limited number of compositions explored thus far. In this study, we address this issue by employing low-cost, yet high-precision force field molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory to investigate the Na<small>⁺</small> mobility and resulting conductivity in Na<small>_{1+<em>x</em>+<em>y</em>}</small>Sc<small>_<em>y</em></small>Zr<small>_{2−<em>y</em>}</small>Si<small>_<em>x</em></small>P<small>_{3−<em>x</em>}</small>O<small>₁₂</small> (0 ≤ <em>x</em> ≤ 3; 0 ≤ <em>y</em> ≤ 2). Our findings show that the incorporation of Sc<small>³⁺</small>- and Si<small>⁴⁺</small>-substituents enhances the conductivity, achieving values of 10<small>⁻²</small> S cm<small>⁻¹</small> at room temperature for moderate to high substitution degrees. Moreover, our study demonstrates the efficacy of the applied methodology for large-scale screening, enabling the exploration of extensive configurational spaces of NaSICONs and other materials for potential use as solid-state electrolytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 18224-18236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra01549a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of rigid polyurethane foam from bio-based polyol obtained from microwave-assisted depolymerization of corn cob waste†","authors":"Florin-Marian Dîrloman, Aurel Diacon, Oana Brincoveanu, Gabriela Toader, Miron Adrian Dinescu, Ioan Calinescu, Petre Chipurici, Edina Rusen and Alexandra Mocanu","doi":"10.1039/D5RA00487J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA00487J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study presents an innovative upcycling methodology for the production of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams using a biopolyol (BioPol) synthesized from corn cob lignocellulose waste. The BioPol was obtained through microwave-assisted (MW) irradiation under acidic catalysis, followed by neutralization of the acidic medium. Rheological characterization of the lignocellulose-derived BioPol was conducted to evaluate its suitability for industrial applications. The PUR foam formulation was designed based on the hydroxyl number of the BioPol, as determined by ASTM D4274. BioPol was combined with a commercial trifunctional polyol derived from the oxypropylation of glycerol, enabling the entire polyol component of the formulation to be classified as bio-based. Increasing the BioPol content in the formulation enhanced the cross-linking density of the resulting foams, which also led to a reduction in the average pore diameter. Uniaxial compressive strength tests revealed superior mechanical properties, with maximum resistance recorded at 3.18 MPa compared with the blank sample. The resultant high-density rigid PUR foams exhibit excellent thermal stability, mechanical robustness, and ease of processability, establishing a promising pathway for developing durable and eco-friendly bio-based polyurethane products.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 18158-18172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra00487j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A green marriage: the union of theophylline's catalytic activity and healing potential","authors":"Abdul Ahad, Adnan Majeed, Ayesha Zafar, Muhammad Adnan Iqbal, Shahzaib Ali, Muneeba Batool, Asma Rehman and Faiza Manzoor","doi":"10.1039/D4RA08479A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA08479A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In recent studies, theophylline has been shown to be a green, effective, and biodegradable catalyst suitable for various multicomponent processes. This review explores theophylline's biological synthesis, catabolism, and advanced extraction methods, demonstrating its versatility. Theophylline is utilized to synthesize metal complexes through innovative methods, including the preparation of imidazolium salts and their conversion into N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands. The therapeutic application of theophylline in the pharmaceutical and medical domains is enhanced by these complexes, which exhibit encouraging potential as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. It exhibits a high yield and efficiency in organic reactions, particularly in acylation, methylation, and nucleophilic substitution reactions, making it a good fit for industrial processes. The review also discusses potential neurological side effects of theophylline and offers prevention and therapy options. It is recommended for future studies to in-depth elucidate theophylline's properties, effects, and uses for improving industrial operations and treating medical conditions. In this thorough analysis, theophylline's adaptability and potential are highlighted, paving the way for more research and development of its wide range of applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 18338-18357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra08479a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations of heterometallic cores and magnetic properties in Co(iii)–Y/Ln isobutyrate clusters with N-butyldiethanolamine: from tetranuclear to octanuclear clusters†","authors":"Dumitru Stati, Jan van Leusen, Victor Ch. Kravtsov, Yurii Chumakov, Paul Kögerler and Svetlana G. Baca","doi":"10.1039/D5RA02513C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA02513C","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;Under similar synthetic conditions, &lt;em&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt; by the interaction of Co(ib)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; (Hib = isobutyric acid) and M(NO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;·&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;H&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;O with a tridentate organic ligand &lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt;-butyldiethanolamine (H&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;bdea) in acetonitrile, a series of heterometallic {Co(&lt;small&gt;III&lt;/small&gt;)–M(&lt;small&gt;III&lt;/small&gt;)} complexes with different cores {Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;}, {Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;}, {Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;}, {Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;}, and {Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;} have been isolated. The series includes tetranuclear [Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(OH)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(ib)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(bdea)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(NO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;]·2MeCN (M(III) = Y (&lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;), Ho (&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;), Er (&lt;strong&gt;3&lt;/strong&gt;)), pentanuclear [Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(OH)(ib)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(bdea)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(NO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;]·&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;MeCN (M(&lt;small&gt;III&lt;/small&gt;) = Pr (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 1.5, &lt;strong&gt;4&lt;/strong&gt;), Nd (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 1.5, &lt;strong&gt;5&lt;/strong&gt;), Sm (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 2, &lt;strong&gt;6&lt;/strong&gt;)), hexanuclear [Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;Eu&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(OH)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(ib)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(bdea)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(NO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(H&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;O)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;]·(&lt;strong&gt;7&lt;/strong&gt;) and [Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;Yb&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(OH)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(ib)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(bdea)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(H&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;O)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;](NO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;·3MeCN·1.5H&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;O (&lt;strong&gt;8&lt;/strong&gt;), and octanuclear [Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(OH)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(ib)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(bdea)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(NO&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;] (M(&lt;small&gt;III&lt;/small&gt;) = Gd (&lt;strong&gt;9&lt;/strong&gt;), Tb (&lt;strong&gt;10&lt;/strong&gt;)) clusters. The structures of all clusters have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction and reveal novel structural features in the series. The tetranuclear (&lt;strong&gt;1–3&lt;/strong&gt;), pentanuclear (&lt;strong&gt;4–6&lt;/strong&gt;), and octanuclear (&lt;strong&gt;9–10&lt;/strong&gt;) clusters are isostructural and isomorphic in their own group. Clusters &lt;strong&gt;1–3&lt;/strong&gt; have a rhombic strictly planar tetranuclear central {Co&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;M&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;(μ&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;-OH)&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;} core resembling a common “butt","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 18209-18223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra02513c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and electrical performance of triboelectric nanogenerators based on polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride in high humidity environments","authors":"Doan T. Tung, Hoang T. Dung, Le T. T. Tam, Bui V. Cuong, Ha M. Dung, Duong V. Dat, Ngo T. Dung, Nguyen T. Dung, Phan N. Minh and Le T. Lu","doi":"10.1039/D5RA02735G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA02735G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A humidity-resistant, antibacterial triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was developed using polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) as the primary functional material. To enhance performance stability, PHMG was integrated with natural chitosan (CS) to create a positively charged triboelectric electrode. When combined with a negatively charged fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) membrane, the TENG demonstrated outstanding electrical output, achieving a maximum peak-to-peak voltage (<em>V</em><small>_p–p</small>) of 1470.6 V and a peak power (<em>P</em><small>_peak</small>) of 12 mW at a 10 MΩ load under 40% relative humidity. Notably, the device maintained stable operation in high-humidity conditions (up to 90% HR), with a sustained <em>V</em><small>_p–p</small> of 862.7 V and a <em>P</em><small>_peak</small> of 6.5 mW. In addition to its energy-harvesting capability, the TENG exhibited strong antibacterial activity as it effectively eliminated <em>E. coli</em> (at a concentration of 1.7 × 10<small>⁴</small>) and <em>S. aureus</em> (at a concentration of 1.6 × 10<small>⁴</small>) bacteria within just 60 seconds at 90% relative humidity. This combination of reliable triboelectric generation in humid environments and rapid antibacterial activity indicates the potential of this TENG for self-powered applications in wearable electronics and hygienic surfaces, including smart face masks and antibacterial shoe insoles.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 18237-18244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra02735g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoelectrochemical properties of magnetic amine-based MIL-101(Cr) hybrid material and its application in the degradation of acebutolol in water†","authors":"Ngwako Joseas Waleng, Tshimangazo Saddam Munonde, Anele Mpupa, Tshepiso Moremedi, Yongjun Zhang and Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo","doi":"10.1039/D5RA02767E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA02767E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Rapid advances in industries and agricultural practices have recently released various toxic pollutants into aquatic systems. Among other pollutants, pharmaceuticals, have been detected in environmental aquatic systems at levels that have negative health impacts on both humans and animals. This study employed an <em>in situ</em> chemical co-precipitation method to fabricate a magnetic amine-based metal organic framework nanocomposite. This nanocomposite was successfully synthesised and applied as a photocatalytic material for the mineralization of acebutolol (ACE) in water. The prepared materials, including the nanocomposite (Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>@NH<small>₂</small>-MIL-101(Cr)) were characterised using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The optoelectronic properties were determined using photoluminescence (PL), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The photocatalytic efficacy of the nanocomposite was assessed <em>via</em> the degradation of acebutolol under visible light illumination. The results indicate that adsorption–desorption equilibrium was attained after 60 min in the dark, and 98.3% degradation efficiency was achieved after 180 min with the light on. According to scavenging experiments, superoxide radicals (·O<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small>) were the main reactive oxygen species (ROS) during photodegradation. The Nyquist plot obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that the Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>@NH<small>₂</small>-MIL-101(Cr) nanocomposite had a reduced charge transfer resistance (<em>R</em><small>_ct</small>), indicating separation and accelerated transfer of charges at the interface. The obtained electron lifespan (<em>τ</em><small>_e</small>) supported the results, and was found to be higher for Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>@NH<small>₂</small>-MIL-101(Cr) compared to NH<small>₂</small>-MIL-101(Cr) and pure Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>. The photocatalytic mechanism revealed that the formed heterojunction followed a Z-scheme mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 17986-17999"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra02767e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous silicotungstic acid constructed via defect and morphology engineering for boosting the oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil†","authors":"Xiyang Zhou, Li Yu, Xu Li, Weizhou Jiao and Ruixin Wang","doi":"10.1039/D5RA02085A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA02085A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >It is well-known that defect engineering and morphology engineering are key strategies for giving an impetus to the catalytic activity of catalysts. This study reports the successful regulation of oxygen vacancy (O<small>_V</small>) defects and the morphology of a Keggin-type silicotungstic acid (SiW<small>₁₂</small>)-loaded N-doped carbon (NC) matrix, which is obtained by calcining a copolymer of acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC) and acrylamide (AM) as precursors in air. It was unveiled that adjusting the proportion of AM in the copolymer could be simultaneously conducive to the targeted regulation of O<small>_V</small> defects of catalysts and their morphological evolution from bowls to spheres. The as-prepared O<small>_V</small>-SiW<small>₁₂</small>/SNC sphere catalyst showed an excellent oxidative desulfurization (ODS) performance with H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> as a green oxidant. Complete removal of DBT (2000 ppm) was achieved within 12 minutes at 60 °C with a large rate constant of 0.4055 min<small>⁻¹</small>. The outstanding ODS performance was critically ascribed to the highly active W sites promoted by the abundant O<small>_V</small> defects, and the easy diffusion and contact between the substrate and W sites were led by the spherical structure. Moreover, the as-prepared catalyst exhibited prominent reusability. This ODS reaction was found to follow a HO˙ radical mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 18022-18033"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra02085a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning the RKKY interaction in bilayer graphene: the pivotal role of electron–phonon coupling and external fields","authors":"Farshad Azizi and Hamed Rezania","doi":"10.1039/D5RA02350E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA02350E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this work, the effects of electron–phonon coupling are uniquely integrated in a state-of-the-art study of RKKY interaction in simple bilayer graphene. We investigate the Holstein model Hamiltonian using Green's function approaches, taking into account three crucial parameters: an interlayer bias voltage, a perpendicular magnetic field, and a chemical potential to regulate electron density. We provide a detailed perspective of the behavior of the RKKY exchange interaction under different conditions by first calculating the static spin susceptibility and then computing the interaction with great precision. Our new method reveals how important the electron–phonon interaction strength is in forming this magnetic coupling, and the results, which are backed up by a thorough graphical analysis, show how it varies subtly depending on the parameters that are included. These discoveries open the door for creative approaches to the creation of adjustable quantum systems for next-generation technologies and greatly advance our understanding of indirect exchange in two-dimensional materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 17862-17874"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra02350e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver-containing composites based on copolymers of β-cyclodextrin and TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange in environmental water†","authors":"Serhii Kobylinskyi, Sergii Sinelnikov, Larysa Kobrina, Yuliia Bardadym and Sergii Riabov","doi":"10.1039/D4RA08901D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA08901D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study aims to develop effective photocatalysts by combining the photocatalytic properties of TiO<small>₂</small> and Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) with the adsorption ability of β-cyclodextrin-containing polymers (CDPs). For this purpose, TiO<small>₂</small>/CDP/AgNP hybrid catalysts were prepared <em>via</em> radical and thermal polymerization of cyclodextrin derivatives with trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate on the TiO<small>₂</small> surface, followed by introduction of 1 wt% silver nanoparticles into their bulk <em>via</em> reduction of Ag<small>⁺</small> salts under UV irradiation or using NaOH. The structure of the nanocomposite photocatalysts was investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and particle size distribution was determined <em>via</em> dynamic light scattering (DLS). The photocatalytic degradation process was monitored <em>via</em> UV-vis spectroscopy in an aqueous environment at pH 2.5. The best photodegradation results for methyl orange (MO) were obtained using samples prepared from β-CD methacrylate and silver methacrylate. In this case, complete decolorization of the MO solution was achieved within 10 min at pH 2.5, which is 7.5 times faster than that achieved by pure TiO<small>₂</small> and 4 times faster than that that achieved by the TiO<small>₂</small>/CDP sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 23","pages":" 17955-17971"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra08901d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}