RSC Advances最新文献

{"title":"The preparation of titanium adipate and optimization of its catalytic ester exchange reaction for the synthesis of diisooctyl adipate","authors":"Linlin Zhao, Guoliang Shen, Tiejun Xu, Ruiyang Wen and Sijin Jiang","doi":"10.1039/D4RA08443H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA08443H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chelated titanium adipate with stable properties was prepared <em>via</em> an ester-exchange reaction using low-carbon alkyl titanate, and it was characterized and analyzed using infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. Diisooctyl adipate (DOA) was synthesized <em>via</em> an ester-exchange method using the synthesized novel titanium adipate as a catalyst and isooctanol and dimethyl adipate as raw materials, where dimethyl adipate is the methyl esterification product of the by-product (mixed dicarboxylic acid) in industrial adipic acid production. The process is easy to carry out, green and environmentally friendly, and the methanol by-product can be recycled and utilized. With the objective of optimizing the DOA ester exchange rate, the effects of three factors, namely, catalyst dosage, the molar ratio of isooctanol to dimethyl adipate and the reaction temperature at catalyst addition, on the optimization objective were systematically investigated <em>via</em> one-way and response surface tests. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and parameter optimization were conducted using Design-Expert software to obtain the optimal parameter combinations and verify the accuracy of the experimental results. The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions were as follows: a catalyst dosage of 2.39%, an isooctanol to dimethyl adipate molar ratio of 2.55 : 1, and a reaction temperature of 117 °C at the time of catalyst addition; this resulted in a high ester exchange rate of 94.23%. Due to the high catalytic efficiency, environmental friendliness and energy saving, and recyclable catalyst, this study provides a feasible process for the effective synthesis of DOA using industrial by-products, which is of significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 6952-6961"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra08443h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel efficient deep-red emitting phosphor SrCa2Ga2O6:Mn4+ with tululite-related structure†","authors":"Wataru Hikita, Masato Iwaki, Mizuki Watanabe, Kazuyoshi Uematsu, Mineo Sato and Kenji Toda","doi":"10.1039/D5RA00377F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA00377F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Mn<small>⁴⁺</small>-activated phosphors have been attracted to replace the rare-earth-activated phosphors in the use of deep-red optical devices. Owing to their low toxicity and wide applications, oxide materials are promising hosts for Mn<small>⁴⁺</small> phosphors. Exploration into novel oxides is important for developing new Mn<small>⁴⁺</small>-doped phosphors with high luminescent efficiencies. In this study, we discovered the deep-red emitting phosphor SrCa<small>₂</small>Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₆</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small> in the Sr<small>₃</small>Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₆</small>–Ca<small>₃</small>Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₆</small> solid solution system. From the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, SrCa<small>₂</small>Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₆</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small> was found to crystallize in a cubic unit cell with space group <em>F</em>432. Furthermore, SrCa<small>₂</small>Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₆</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small> was revealed to be a new member of tululite structure-related phosphors, such as Ca<small>₁₄</small>Zn<small>₆</small>Al<small>₁₀</small>O<small>₃₅</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small>, Ca<small>₁₄</small>Zn<small>₆</small>Ga<small>₁₀</small>O<small>₃₅</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small>, and Ca<small>₁₄</small>Mg<small>₄</small>Ga<small>₁₂</small>O<small>₃₆</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small>. To study the fundamental luminescence properties, we synthesized SrCa<small>₂</small>Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₆</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small> powder samples <em>via</em> the conventional solid-state reaction method. SrCa<small>₂</small>Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₆</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small> has an absorption band in the region of 250–550 nm, and shows a deep-red emission band peaks at 712 nm. The excitation band is well matched to the emission wavelength of near-ultraviolet and blue light emitting diodes. The optimized sample exhibited high quantum efficiency and good thermal quenching properties. This study revealed SrCa<small>₂</small>Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₆</small>:Mn<small>⁴⁺</small> has excellent potential as a deep-red emitting phosphor and is expected to be used for commercial applications, such as indoor plant cultivation and wavelength down-convertor for solar-cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 7039-7049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra00377f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in the synthesis of anticancer pyrazole derivatives using microwave, ultrasound, and mechanochemical techniques","authors":"Diana Becerra and Juan-Carlos Castillo","doi":"10.1039/D4RA08866B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA08866B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Pyrazole and its derivatives have attracted considerable attention in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry, as reflected in their presence in numerous FDA-approved drugs and clinical candidates. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of articles published between 2014 and 2024, focusing on the microwave-, ultrasound-, and mechanochemical-assisted synthesis of pyrazole derivatives with anticancer activity. It explores synthetic methodologies, anticancer efficacy, and molecular docking studies, underscoring the significance of pyrazole derivatives in drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. Notably, microwave irradiation stands out as the most widely employed technique, providing high efficiency by significantly reducing reaction times while maintaining moderate temperatures. Ultrasound irradiation serves as a valuable alternative, particularly for processes that require milder conditions, whereas mechanochemical activation, though less frequently employed, offers distinct advantages in terms of sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 7018-7038"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra08866b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart fluorometric sensing of metal contaminants in canned foods: a carbon dot-based dual-response system for quantifying aluminum and cobalt ions†","authors":"Al-Montaser Bellah H. Ali, Mohamed R. Elmasry, Yousef A. Bin Jardan and Mohamed M. El-Wekil","doi":"10.1039/D5RA00448A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA00448A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The leaching of aluminum and cobalt ions into canned foods, such as aluminum from canned tomato sauce and cobalt from canned tuna, raises concerns about potential health risks, making their accurate detection essential for food safety. In this study, we developed a novel ratiometric fluorometric sensor based on dual-emission carbon dots capable of selectively detecting aluminum (Al<small>³⁺</small>) and cobalt (Co<small>²⁺</small>) ions after a single excitation. The sensor exhibits distinct fluorescence responses: cobalt ions enhance the emission at 403 nm due to interactions with nitrogen and sulfur groups on the carbon dot surface, while Al<small>³⁺</small> enhance the emission at 532 nm through binding with oxygen-rich groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl. This differential response stems from the varying affinities of these metal ions for different functional groups, as confirmed through mechanistic studies and comprehensive characterization of the carbon dots, including TEM, UV-Vis, FTIR, and fluorescence lifetime analyses. The method demonstrates excellent sensitivity, with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.012 μM for Co<small>²⁺</small> and 0.06 μM for Al<small>³⁺</small>. The sensor's performance was validated with real food samples, successfully determining Al<small>³⁺</small> in canned tomato sauce and Co<small>²⁺</small> in canned tuna. The method exhibited high selectivity with minimal interference, achieving recovery rates of 97.50–100.67% for Al<small>³⁺</small> and 97.01–98.02% for Co<small>²⁺</small>. These findings underscore the robustness and practical applicability of the proposed sensor as a reliable tool for monitoring Al<small>³⁺</small> and Co<small>²⁺</small> in canned foods, ensuring food safety and compliance with regulatory standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 6962-6973"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra00448a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic reduction of nitrophenols and dyes by HKUST-1/hydrogel composite","authors":"Atipong Nachaichot, Orrawin Kenvised, Sirikanlaya Choram, Supinya Nijpanich and Surangkhana Budsombat","doi":"10.1039/D5RA00081E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA00081E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The effective removal of nitrophenols from wastewater is crucial due to their high carcinogenic risk. This research presents the development of a copper-based metal–organic framework (HKUST-1) integrated into a chitosan-<em>graft</em>-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel. The hydrogel composite was evaluated as a catalyst for reducing nitrophenols and dyes using sodium borohydride (NaBH<small>₄</small>) as a reducing agent. Various conditions were investigated for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to the less harmful 4-aminophenol (4-AP), including catalyst dosage, NaBH<small>₄</small> concentration, initial 4-NP concentration, temperature, and pH. The catalyst was able to completely reduce 4-NP within 25 minutes at a dosage of 3 g L<small>⁻¹</small> and a NaBH<small>₄</small> concentration of 300 mM. The reduction rate increased with higher temperatures, with an Arrhenius activation energy of 54.4 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>. Common anions found in surface water, such as Cl<small>⁻</small>, NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>, SO<small>₄</small><small>²⁻</small>, and HCO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>, had a slight impact on the reduction rate of 4-NP. When tested in real water environments, the reduction rate decreased, but complete conversion was still achieved. Additionally, the composite successfully reduced 100% of 2-nitrophenol, 100% of methyl orange, and 69% of Congo red. Overall, the hydrogel composite has shown significant potential as a catalyst for reducing various organic pollutants with high efficiency and easy separation through filtration.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 6974-6983"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra00081e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic-assisted europium decorated cuprous oxide nanoparticles: exploring their photothermal capabilities and antioxidant properties for biomedical applications†","authors":"Sarmistha Mazumder, Tiasa Das and Raviraj Vankayala","doi":"10.1039/D4RA08914F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA08914F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Metal oxide nanoparticles offer capabilities for cancer therapeutics, but their applicability is often jeopardized due to toxicity hurdles. To tackle this problem, in this study, we have synthesized europium decorated cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Eu–Cu<small>₂</small>O NPs) <em>via</em> a facile ultrasonic-assisted method. Surface decoration of nanoparticles is an effective strategy to tailor their physicochemical and biological properties. The decorated nanoparticles were found to possess improved stability, superior biocompatibility and enhanced photothermal properties than the undecorated pristine nanoparticles (Cu<small>₂</small>O NPs). <em>In vitro</em> studies validated the capacity of the decorated nanoparticles to regulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and in turn combat the inherent toxicity of cuprous nanoparticles. By controlling the ROS dynamics and decreasing inadvertent toxic effects minimize possibilities of higher toxicity enabling this innovative strategy to potentially transform into an effective platform for drug delivery systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 6984-6993"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra08914f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic solid derived from residual bean husk biomass applied to sustainable biodiesel production: preparation, characterization, and regeneration study","authors":"Izadora de Araújo Sobrinho, Thaíssa Saraiva Ribeiro, Ane Caroline Dias e Silva, Matheus Arrais Gonçalves, Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho and Leyvison Rafael Vieira da Conceição","doi":"10.1039/D5RA01195G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA01195G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigates the use of bean husks as a precursor for the synthesis of an efficient and regenerable catalyst, with the aim of offering an economical and sustainable alternative for biodiesel production. Residual bean shell biomass (RBBH) was calcined at different temperatures (350–500 °C) and times (1–4 h) to determine the optimum synthesis conditions. The catalyst obtained was characterized by various methods, such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG/DTG). The results showed that the catalyst contains metal oxides and carbonates as active sites. In addition, the influence of reaction conditions was evaluated in the ranges of temperature (60–120 °C), time (0.5–2.5 h), MeOH : oil molar ratio (12 : 1–28 : 1) and catalyst concentration (2–10% by weight). The maximum ester content (97.6%) was achieved at 120 °C, 2 h, a MeOH : oil molar ratio of 20 : 1 and 8% catalyst. After partial deactivation of the solid catalyst, it was regenerated with KOH, yielding biodiesels with an ester content of over 75% in three consecutive cycles, demonstrating its efficiency and potential for continuous use.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 7050-7068"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra01195g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of novel theophylline derivatives bearing tetrazole scaffold for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease†","authors":"Nguyen Viet Hung, Le Quoc Tien, Vu Ngoc Hai Linh, Hoang Tran, Tiep K. Nguyen, Duc-Vinh Pham, Van-Hai Hoang, Tran Thi Thu Hien, Thanh Xuan Nguyen, Quynh Mai Thai, Trung Hai Nguyen, Son Tung Ngo and Phuong-Thao Tran","doi":"10.1039/D5RA00488H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA00488H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with AChE and BACE1 enzymes. Designing inhibitors for preventing these enzymes can be benefit for AD treatment. In this context, theophylline derivatives were generated to prevent the biological activity of AChE and BACE1. In particular, the potential inhibitory of these compounds was rapidly and accurately estimated <em>via</em> knowledge-methods. The <em>in vitro</em> tests were then performed to validate the artificial intelligent approach. Among these, compound <strong>12</strong> exhibited the most potent AChE inhibition with an IC<small>₅₀</small> of 15.68 μM, while showing limited activity against BACE1. In addition, six compounds were indicated that are able to inhibit AChE, however, the theophylline derivatives play poor performance over the BACE1 target. Atomistic simulations were finally applied to clarify the ligand-binding mechanism to the biological target. The outcomes disclose that theophylline derivatives rigidly form van der Waals interactions to AChE <em>via</em> π-stacking and SC contacts. Overall, the theophylline derivatives may offer a potential scaffold for novel anti-AD agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 6994-7003"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra00488h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supradecoration induced homogenous electrochemical sensing: development of Ru(ii) half sandwich complex as isoniazid and rifampicin dual sensor†","authors":"Mohd Mustafa, Tabee Jan, Mehdi Rohullah, Mubashir Hussain Masoodi, Noor U. Din Reshi and Masood Ahmad Rizvi","doi":"10.1039/D4RA07773C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA07773C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Homogenous electrochemical sensing using unmodified electrodes remove electrode fabrication challenges and prove effective for detecting sensitive bio-analytes without chances of surface degradation. This work envisages design and optimization of a ruthenium(<small>II</small>) half-sandwich complex as supradecorated homogeneous electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) as first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in aqueous environments. The electrochemical profile of GCE/ruthenium(<small>II</small>) half-sandwich complex sensor was analyzed using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate significant electrochemical parameters corroborating enhanced sensing propensity of GCE/ruthenium(<small>II</small>) half-sandwich complex over bare GCE for simultaneous estimation of RIF and INH binary mixture. The RIF and INZ analytical figure of merit has been corroborated with their relative supra interactional propensity. Supra interactional propensity has also been predicted to be the plausible mechanism of RIF and INZ electrochemical sensing. Under optimized conditions GCE/ruthenium(<small>II</small>) half-sandwich complex sensor depicted INH detection limits of 1.2 μM, and RIF detection limit of 32 nM. The comparative study of RIF and INZ analytes individually depicted high sensitivity of 24.57 μA μM<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small> and 1.69 μA μM<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small> under a linear response in the range of 0.29–3.72 μM and 4.9–82.22 μM for RIF and INH respectively. The analytical figure of merit of homogenous sensor has been compared to other GCE modified electrodes for RIF and INZ analytes. A significant antibiotic contaminant recovery of RIF and INZ drugs in pharmaceutical formulations, municipal water supplies and Dal lake water under spiked as well as unspiked conditions was observed portraying real time sensing application propensity. The homogenous GCE/ruthenium(<small>II</small>) half-sandwich complex expresses excellent stability and reproducibility. The GCE/ruthenium(<small>II</small>) half-sandwich complex in the presence of potential redox active biological interfering agents confirmed selectivity towards RIF and INZ analytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 7004-7017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra07773c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the fungal secretomes and their roles in the formation and stabilization of the biogenic silver nanoparticles†","authors":"Thyerre Santana da Costa, Gonzalo García Delgado, Carolyne Brustolin Braga and Ljubica Tasic","doi":"10.1039/D4RA07962K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA07962K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using biological systems has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional chemical methods, providing eco-friendly solutions in nanotechnology. This study investigates the secretomes of two strains of <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> (VR039 and 07SD) to synthesize AgNPs (AgNP@Fo VR039 and AgNP@Fo 07SD), characterized by similar sizes of 35.4 ± 12.4 nm and 28.6 ± 9.5 nm, respectively. We conducted proteomic analysis <em>via</em> mass spectrometry on both secretomes and nanoparticles, identifying proteins involved in the biosynthesis, stabilization, and antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles. Our results indicate notable similarities in the proteomes of both nanoparticles and their respective secretomes, correlating with similar antimicrobial efficacy against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>, as demonstrated through bacterial growth inhibition assays. The presence of redox proteins, such as glyceraldehyde reductase and FAD-oxidoreductase, suggests a potential mechanism for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in bacterial cells, further validated by fluorescence microscopy to differentiate viable from non-viable cells. Unlike previous studies that have focused separately on metal ion reduction or nanoparticle stabilization, our findings reveal a coordinated biosynthetic process where the same proteins mediate both functions. This overlap between the secretome and nanoparticle proteome provides new insights into fungal-mediated nanoparticle synthesis, highlighting the multifunctionality of fungal proteins in bionanotechnology. By demonstrating how secreted enzymes directly contribute to nanoparticle formation, this study paves the way for more efficient, scalable, and environmentally sustainable approaches to biogenic nanoparticle production.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 9","pages":" 6938-6951"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra07962k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}