Clinical and Experimental Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Repeatability of near point of fixation disparity test.","authors":"Mosaad Alhassan, Rathath Alrehaili, Lena Alnifai, Muhamad Alrashed, Manal M Alharbi, Ali Almustanyir","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2723000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2723000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Vergence assessment is a fundamental component of binocular vision evaluation, enabling clinicians to detect and monitor conditions such as convergence insufficiency. Accurate and repeatable clinical tests are essential for reliable diagnosis and for tracking patient progress over time.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The Near Point of Fixation Disparity (NPFD), associated positive fusional vergence (APFV) range, and associated negative fusional vergence (ANFV) range are polarised Nonius-based tests designed to evaluate vergence system integrity. However, their repeatability remains uninvestigated, limiting clinical utility. This study is the first to assess intraexaminer and interexaminer repeatability of these tests in symptomatic and asymptomatic participants. The NPFD test is commercially available from Vision Assessment Corporation, Rolling Meadows, IL, USA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, cross-sectional study enrolled 64 university students (32 symptomatic, 32 asymptomatic; aged 18-27 years) from King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Symptom status was classified using the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS; score ≥21 = symptomatic). Two trained optometrists performed all measurements across two sessions separated by two weeks. Repeatability was assessed using mean difference, 95% confidence intervals, intraclass correlation coefficient, coefficient of repeatability, and Bland-Altman analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraexaminer repeatability of the NPFD test ranged from moderate to good with intraclass correlation coefficient 0.47-0.86, with the strongest agreement observed in asymptomatic participants. The APFV and ANFV ranges demonstrated poor intraexaminer repeatability, with limits of agreement frequently exceeding 10-15 prism dioptres. Interexaminer repeatability was poor across all three tests in both groups, with negative intraclass correlation coefficient values in several comparisons and limits of agreement exceeding 20 prism dioptres.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the NPFD test can achieve acceptable intraexaminer repeatability, its interexaminer reliability remains poor, raising concerns about its use as a diagnostic tool across different examiners. Vergence assessments should be performed by the same examiner, and changes of less than 10-15 prism dioptres should be interpreted with caution. Standardisation of testing protocols is strongly recommended to improve the clinical applicability of these tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the symptom questionnaire for visual dysfunctions (SQVD): a psychometric analysis within the Nepalese population.","authors":"Umesh Belbase, Santosh Chhetri, Anup Subedi, Dikshya Khadka, Sarmila Acharya, Aashish Kant Shah, Mario Cantó-Cerdán","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2723002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2723002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Patient-reported visual symptoms provide important information that may not be captured by clinical tests alone. Standardised symptom questionnaires can support the assessment of visual complaints associated with refractive, accommodative, and binocular vision dysfunctions in routine optometric practice.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient-reported symptom questionnaires are valuable instruments for assessing visual symptoms associated with visual dysfunctions; however, cultural and linguistic adaptation is essential to ensure measurement validity. The Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (SQVD) has demonstrated strong psychometric properties in previous validations but has not yet been validated in the Nepalese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicentre, cross-sectional validation study was conducted in six eye hospitals in Nepal. Adults aged 18-65 years completed the Nepali version of the SQVD and underwent comprehensive clinical examination to establish visual function status. Psychometric evaluation was performed using Rasch analysis. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 305 participants (mean age 32.9 ± 11.2 years; 60.7% male). Rasch analysis demonstrated good item fit, ordered response categories, unidimensionality, and adequate person (0.81) and item (0.84) reliability. No meaningful differential item functioning by gender was detected. Item-total correlations ranged from 0.326 to 0.613 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The SQVD showed good diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve = 0.834), with an optimal cut-off score of ≥6, yielding sensitivity of 0.714 and specificity of 0.775.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Nepali version of SQVD demonstrates robust psychometric properties and good diagnostic performance, supporting its use as a standardised instrument for assessing visual symptoms associated with visual dysfunctions in adult clinical populations in Nepal.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who should teach advancing optometric practice? The case for a clinical academic pathway.","authors":"Matthew Chan","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2722998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2722998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost analysis of low vision care rehabilitative services from the perspectives of patients in India.","authors":"Gaurav Paramasivan, Sarika Gopalakrishnan, Anuradha Narayanan","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2718216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2718216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Low vision rehabilitation services are important for supporting daily functioning and quality of life. Affordability remains an important determinant of access.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>In low- and middle-income countries, such as India, access to low-vision rehabilitation remains limited, often due to out-of-pocket costs, despite its functional benefits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analysed electronic medical records of patients attending the low vision clinic of a tertiary eye care hospital in India between November 2021 and April 2022. Patient-incurred costs were calculated for low vision diagnosis and for availing low vision clinical rehabilitation services. Diagnosis costs included outpatient consultations, diagnostic procedures, personnel, and operational expenses. Rehabilitation costs included consultation and rehabilitation services, deliverables and operational expenses. Secondary outcomes included disability-adjusted life years and loss of productivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1844 patient records analysed, the median age was 34 years. The median cost per patient for low vision diagnosis was 9200 Indian rupees (111 United States dollars), and for low vision clinical rehabilitation services, it was 2972 Indian rupees (36 United States dollars). Low vision interventions reduced disability-adjusted life years by 49.6% and lowered loss of productivity from 3,205,000 Indian rupees (38,791 United States dollars) to 2,064,000 Indian rupees (24,981 United States dollars) for the blind. The benefit-cost ratio for low vision clinical rehabilitation services was favourable (greater than 1). The cost for rehabilitation services was around one-fifth of the average Indian monthly income of 17,000 Indian rupees (206 United States dollars).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the cost represented almost one-fifth of an average monthly income, the benefits outweigh the cost incurred by the patient. Disability-adjusted life years were reduced by half, and the provision of low vision clinical rehabilitation services was beneficial based on the benefit-cost ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower-eyelid meibography findings across angiography-defined coronary artery disease severity.","authors":"Elmas Yüksel Şükün, Sibel Sipahioğlu, Mustafa Özgül","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2714982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2714982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Cardiometabolic disease and its treatments can influence ocular surface health. Describing ocular surface features in populations with systemic vascular disease may help generate hypotheses for future studies, but current evidence is insufficient to support changes in cardiovascular screening, optometric triage, dry eye treatment, or patient management.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Links between systemic vascular disease burden and meibomian gland morphology have been suggested, but evidence is limited in cohorts where coronary artery disease severity is defined by coronary angiography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-centre retrospective observational study included patients aged 50 to 80 years who underwent coronary angiography between January 2023 and January 2026 and had lower-eyelid meibography and non-invasive tear break-up time measurements within a ± 90-day window. When more than one record was available, the closest measurement to angiography was analysed (right eye only). Outcomes were meibomian gland loss, meiboscore and non-invasive tear break-up time. An age- and sex-adjusted linear regression model evaluated associations with meibomian gland loss; broader adjustment was not feasible.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-eight patients were analysed (no coronary artery disease, 22; one to two vessel disease, 38; three-vessel disease or greater, 28). Meibomian gland loss differed between groups (median [interquartile range] 23.4 [12.8], 31.3 [19.4] and 47.5 [13.9], respectively; all pairwise comparisons significant). Meiboscore findings were less consistent, and non-invasive tear break-up time did not differ significantly. In the age- and sex-adjusted model, crude angiographic grouping and female sex were associated with lower-eyelid meibomian gland loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This highly selected retrospective cohort showed an age- and sex-adjusted association between crude angiographic coronary artery disease grouping and lower-eyelid meibomian gland loss, whereas non-invasive tear break-up time did not differ between groups. These preliminary findings should not be interpreted as evidence that isolated lower-eyelid structural gland loss directly reflects tear film instability, mechanistic vascular injury, systemic screening value, or clinical practice relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of retinal layers following pars plana vitrectomy in idiopathic and diabetic epiretinal membrane.","authors":"Yunus Naci Aziz, Semra Koca, Ender Sırakaya, Cemal Özsaygılı","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2714981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2714981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Optical coherence tomography can enhance preoperative evaluation in patients with epiretinal membranes, improve surgical planning, and provide patients with more detailed information about potential visual outcomes.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Investigate the morphological and functional changes in idiopathic and diabetic epiretinal membrane.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All participants underwent optical coherence tomography preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Foveal contour, retinal segmentation, external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone integrity, subfoveal fluid, disorganisation of inner retinal layers, and ectopic inner foveal layer were evaluated with optical coherence tomography. Associations between optical coherence tomography parameters and visual acuity were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 34 idiopathic epiretinal membrane and 31 diabetic epiretinal membrane cases. In the idiopathic epiretinal membrane group, preoperative foveal pit presence was associated with better visual acuity (<i>p</i> = 0.030). In the diabetic epiretinal membrane group, the preoperative subfoveal fluid, disorganisation of inner retinal layers, ectopic inner foveal layer, cystic changes and advanced stage were associated with lower preoperative visual acuity (<i>p</i> = 0.008; <i>p</i> = 0.001; <i>p</i> = 0.021; <i>p</i> = 0.043; <i>p</i> = 0.01; respectively). In the postoperative period the persistence of subfoveal fluid, ectopic inner foveal layer and advanced stage were associated with lower postoperative visual acuity in the diabetic epiretinal membrane group (<i>p</i> = 0.002; <i>p</i> = 0.016; <i>p</i> = 0.018, respectively). external limiting membrane integrity was better preserved preoperatively in the idiopathic epiretinal membrane group (<i>p</i> = 0.022). Ellipsoid zone integrity was better preserved in the idiopathic epiretinal membrane group compared to the diabetic epiretinal membrane group, both preoperative and postoperative period (<i>p</i> = 0.010 and <i>p</i> = 0.022, respectively). In multivariable linear regression analysis, the presence of preoperative subfoveal fluid was independently associated with poorer postoperative visual acuity. The inner retinal layers were significantly thinned in both groups, while the outer layers remained unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although most retinal segmentation parameters showed similar postoperative changes in both idiopathic epiretinal membrane and diabetic epiretinal membrane, diabetic epiretinal membrane eyes demonstrated greater impairment of outer retinal biomarkers. Preoperative subfoveal fluid may be associated with postoperative visual outcomes in diabetic epiretinal membrane and warrants further investigation in larger prospective studies. Vitrectomy yielded beneficial anatomical and functional results in both groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with macular oedema regression and visual outcomes after dexamethasone implant therapy in uveitic macular oedema.","authors":"Furkan Çam, Halit Eren Erdem, Hande Celiker","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2714991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2714991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Uveitic macular oedema (uveitic macular oedema) is an important cause of visual morbidity in patients with uveitis, highlighting the clinical importance of understanding factors associated with treatment response.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>To identify clinical factors and optical coherence tomography features associated with macular oedema regression and best-corrected visual acuity improvement at 3 months after dexamethasone implant (dexamethasone implant) treatment for non-infectious uveitic macular oedema.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included patients with non-infectious uveitic macular oedema treated with dexamethasone implant. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics were collected, including best-corrected visual acuity, central retinal thickness, and intraocular pressure at pre-injection and at 1 and 3 months post-injection. uveitic macular oedema regression was defined as the absence of intraretinal and subretinal fluid on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography at 3 months. The best-corrected visual acuity improvement was defined as a decrease of ≥ 0.1 logMAR, with a ≥ 0.2-logMAR threshold evaluated in a sensitivity analysis. Mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to evaluate associated factors, and first-injection sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 85 dexamethasone implant injections in 48 eyes of 38 patients were analysed. uveitic macular oedema regression at 3 months occurred after 54 injections (63.5%). Higher pre-injection central retinal thickness was independently associated with reduced odds of regression (adjusted odds ratio [OR] per 100-µm increase: 0.362; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.194 - 0.675, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Ellipsoid zone disruption was associated with reduced odds of ≥ 0.1-logMAR improvement after adjustment for pre-injection best-corrected visual acuity (adjusted OR: 0.261; 95% CI: 0.084-0.815; <i>p</i> = 0.021). Using the 0.2-logMAR threshold, longer uveitic macular oedema duration and ellipsoid zone disruption remained significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dexamethasone implant treatment provided favourable short-term anatomical and visual outcomes in patients with non-infectious uveitic macular oedema, although repeat treatment was frequently required. Baseline clinical and optical coherence tomography characteristics were associated with treatment response and may help characterise the expected outcomes following dexamethasone implant treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will today's undergraduate optometrists provide tomorrow's low vision services?","authors":"Gemma E Gould, Eshal Ali, Robert A Harper, Christine M Dickinson","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2713609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2713609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Undergraduate optometrists represent a substantial potential future workforce to provide low vision (LV) services.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to gain a detailed understanding of the intentions of current undergraduate optometrists to provide LV services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Academics from 14 universities in the UK were invited to circulate an online survey to their final year undergraduate optometry students. Undergraduate optometrists rated their capabilities, opportunities and motivations to participate in LV services; their confidence in different areas of core optometric practice and in undertaking various clinical tasks; and their likelihood of undertaking postgraduate professional qualifications in different clinical areas. They described their experiences seeing patients for LV assessments and how those experiences impacted their intentions to provide LV assessments in primary care practice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey received responses from undergraduate optometrists from 12 universities (<i>n</i> = 163, 17.3%). Undergraduate optometrists have lower confidence in LV than in other areas of core optometric practice (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and they have lower confidence in tasks involved in LV service delivery than in tasks involved in routine optometric practice (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Undergraduate optometrists are significantly less likely to plan to undertake a postgraduate professional qualification in LV than in other subject areas (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.02 for all subjects) and they perceive the available opportunities to provide LV services in primary care optometry practice to be relatively low (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Undergraduate experiences seeing patients with a vision impairment for LV assessments largely positively impact intentions to provide LV services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is scope to increase the confidence of undergraduate optometrists in LV before they enter the professional workforce and increasing undergraduate clinical experiences with LV patients will arguably yield important benefits. However, concurrent interventions aimed at increasing LV service provision in primary care practices appear necessary to improve student perceptions of their future opportunities to provide LV services.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive outcomes during transition from ultrasound to optical biometry in cataract surgery: a real-world study from a resource-limited setting.","authors":"Mehmet Ali Doran","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2714986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2714986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Accurate intraocular lens power calculation is a key determinant of postoperative refractive outcomes and patient satisfaction after cataract surgery. Reliable biometric measurements remain essential for achieving optimal visual outcomes across diverse clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate refractive outcomes during transition from ultrasound-based to optical biometry-guided cataract surgery in a resource-limited secondary referral centre and to identify factors associated with refractive prediction accuracy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included 444 eyes undergoing uncomplicated phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Ultrasound biometry was performed using contact applanation technique before optical biometry became available in institutional practice. Absolute prediction error (APE), signed prediction error, refractive benchmark outcomes and factors associated with refractive accuracy were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean APE was significantly lower in the optical biometry group compared with the ultrasound biometry group (0.34 ± 0.33 D vs 0.65 ± 0.60 D, <i>p</i> < 0.001). A significantly greater proportion of eyes measured with optical biometry achieved refractive outcomes within ±0.25 D, ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D of the target refraction than eyes measured with ultrasound biometry (all <i>p</i> < 0.01). Signed prediction error analysis demonstrated a mild myopic shift in the ultrasound biometry group (-0.14 ± 0.88 D vs 0.10 ± 0.47 D, <i>p</i> = 0.029). Multiple regression analysis identified biometry method and preoperative corneal astigmatism as independent predictors of refractive prediction error.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this real-world study from a resource-limited clinical setting, eyes measured with optical biometry demonstrated lower prediction errors and higher refractive accuracy than eyes measured with ultrasound biometry. However, given the retrospective and non-contemporaneous nature of the study groups, these findings should be interpreted as an association rather than definitive evidence of superiority. Higher preoperative corneal astigmatism was independently associated with reduced refractive accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral microbiota associated bilateral polymicrobial keratitis requiring simultaneous bilateral therapeutic keratoplasty.","authors":"Serife Altun Ekici, Mukaddes Damla Ciftci, Sabire Sohret Aydemir, Ozlem Barut Selver","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2710194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2710194","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}