Clinical and Experimental Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Advancing optometry internationally through competency and curriculum standards: a World Council of Optometry perspective.","authors":"Yazan Gammoh, Beata I Lewandowska, Jessica Neuville, Peter Hendicott","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2361758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2361758","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141260596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Squeezability of eye drop containers used in dry eye disease management.","authors":"Etty Bitton, Joseph Bouskila","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2361781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2361781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Ocular lubricants are the mainstay of dry eye management and are available in a variety of formulations and bottle designs. The squeezability of ocular lubricant bottles may influence administration and compliance.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>A key component for managing dry eye disease is the use of ocular lubricants. The different bottle types, each with their unique material strength and dispensing mechanism, may be challenging for patients with limited hand and pinch strength. The aim of this study was to evaluate the force required to expulse a drop from different eye drop containers used in the management of dry eye disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The force, in newtons (N), required to expulse a drop from different eye drops was evaluated five times using a force gauge, and divided by bottle type, i.e. tubes, unidose, multidose with preservatives, and multidose preservative free (MDPF) bottles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty (<i>n</i> = 60) bottles were examined with 57 eye lubricants and 3 dry eye medications (cyclosporine (0.5% and 0.9%), and lifitegrast). The average force varied depending on the bottle type (tubes 4.28 ± 1.29 N; unidose 14.24 ± 4.83 N; multidose 16.62 ± 5.21 N; MDPF 26.68 ± 8.32 N, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Post-hoc test revealed that MDPF bottles required more force than all other bottle types (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and among those, the ophthalmic squeeze dispenser bottle required significantly more force (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Lifitegrast required more force (17.38 ± 2.13 N) than cyclosporine 0.5% (9.16 ± 0.80 N, <i>p</i> < 0.024) and cyclosporine 0.9% (5.68 ± 0.40 N, <i>p</i> < 0.001), but was not significantly different from unidose ocular lubricants (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The squeezability of bottles used in dry eye disease management varies with bottle type. Hand and pinch strength should be considered when choosing products for dry eye disease management, as the squeezability of an ophthalmic drop can influence its administration and compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging treatments for geographic atrophy and the impact on clinical management of age-related macular degeneration","authors":"Carla J Abbott, R. Guymer","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2361752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2361752","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of myopic children and adolescents with acute acquired comitant esotropia","authors":"Zeynep Acar, Büşra Yılmaz Tuğan","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2361753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2361753","url":null,"abstract":"Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is becoming increasingly common in young children. Understanding clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes can inform future practice.To evaluate clin...","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141525319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of lacrimal gland botulinum toxin-A injection for proximal lacrimal system obstructions.","authors":"Nilay Yuksel, Gokhan Celik","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2359034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2359034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"16S rRNA sequencing in chronic dacryocystitis.","authors":"Yongxin Zhang, Beian Liu, Meina Yang, Shixu Li, Yunhao Qu, Yingge Ma, Lin Ye, Jun Mei","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2358246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2358246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The pathogenesis of chronic dacryocystitis (CDC) is associated with a variety of bacteria. Investigating microflora has the potential to provide a theoretical basis for preventing and treating CDC.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>16S rRNA sequencing is a sequence-based bacterial analysis. The application of 16S rRNA sequencing in CDC is rarely reported.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study of infected and healthy eyes diagnosed as CDC patients was conducted. Seventy-eight patients were divided into A (conjunctival sac secretions from healthy eyes), B (conjunctival sac secretions from affected eyes), and C (lacrimal sac secretions from affected eyes) groups. The flora of samples was analysed with 16S rRNA sequencing, and the data was analysed using QIIME, R, LefSE and other software. The potential functions were analysed by PICRUSt.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1440 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained, 139 specific to group A, 220 specific to group B, and 239 specific to group C. There was no significant difference in α index between the three groups. The beta diversity and grouping analysis data indicated that the three groups of flora were similar in species richness and diversity, but there were some differences in composition. In group A, the abundance of <i>Pseudomonadaceae, Chlorobacteria, Moraceae, Staphylococcaceae, Bacillariophyceae, Immunobacterium spp</i>. and <i>Bacillus spp</i>. was higher; in group B, the abundance of <i>Burkholderiaceae, Sphingomonas, Rhizobia, Stalked Bacteria, Sphingomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Shortwaveomonas spp</i>. was higher; in group C, the abundance of <i>Streptococcus digestiveis, Propionibacterium, Enterobacteriaceae, Anaerobacteriaceae, Propionibacteriaceae, Bacillus spp. Neisseria spp</i>. and <i>Shortactomonas spp</i>. was higher. Six pathways were identified to assess the potential microbial functions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alterations in the microbiota of the conjunctiva and lacrimal sac are associated with the pathogenesis of CDC, which may provide certain guidance for antibiotic treatment of CDC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum miR-26a level is decreased in cataract patients with glaucoma and related to visual quality.","authors":"Xian-Lin Ke, Ji-Guang Shi, Ling-Zhi Fan","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2350596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2350596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>microRNAs have been found to be involved in the progression of a variety of ocular diseases.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Cataract and glaucoma often coexist, and combined surgery is a common treatment. The aim of this study is to analyse the correlation between miR-26a and visual quality in cataract patients with glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy patients with cataract and glaucoma and 70 healthy volunteers were enrolled and received phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy. The patients were divided into low and high miR-26a expression groups according to miR-26a mean expression. The objective scattering index, strehl ratio, and modulated transfer function cut-off were analysed by optical quality analysis system II. The changes of miR-26a, objective scattering index, strehl ratio, modulated transfer function cut-off, and the correlation between the indicators were analysed. The downstream genes of miR-26a were analysed by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes functional enrichment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences between patients and controls in lipid biomarker levels and visual indicators. miR-26a was decreased in the patient group. Strehl ratio and modulated transfer function cut-off in the miR-26a low-expression group were lower than in high-expression group, while mean defect of the visual field and objective scattering index were higher than in high-expression group. The miR-26a expression was negatively correlated with the severity of disease and objective scattering index, and positively correlated with strehl ratio and modulated transfer function cut-off. After surgery, miR-26a, strehl ratio, and modulated transfer function cut-off were increased, and objective scattering index was decreased. The downstream genes of miR-26a were related to several biological processes and signalling pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In cataract patients with glaucoma, miR-26a expression was lower than matched controls and increased following combined cataract removal and trabeculectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual impairment and associated factors in adults from three suburban communities in Nampula, Mozambique.","authors":"Dulnério B Sengo, Neves A Marraca, Alcino M Muaprato, Raúl Moragues, Inmaculada López-Izquierdo, Pablo Caballero","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2352501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2352501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Scientific evidence on the burden of visual impairment, its causes, and associated factors are essential to monitor progress in eye health, identify priorities and develop strategies and policies that meet the needs of the population, towards the eradication of preventable blindness.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of visual impairment, its causes and associated factors in adults living in suburban communities in Nampula.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study conducted from November 2019 to February 2020. Eye examinations were performed on adults aged ≥18 years covered by the Lúrio University program, 'one student, one family'. The odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) were calculated to study the association between the dependent variable (presenting visual impairment) and independent variables (gender, age, school level, residence, family income and systemic diseases), with a 95% confidence interval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distance and near presenting visual impairment had a prevalence of 16.3% and 21.1%, respectively, and were statistically associated with the age groups between 45-65 (OR:4.9) and >65 years (OR: 29.1), illiterate (OR:13.8), primary (OR:4.8) and secondary (aOR:37.5) school level, farmer (OR:32.8) and retired (OR:14.3) occupation, and presence of systemic diseases (OR :3.3). The main causes of presenting visual impairment were uncorrected refractive error and cataract.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of presenting visual impairment is relatively high, given the enormous effort undertaken within the framework of VISION 2020: The Right to Sight global initiative. There is a need to develop intervention plans targeted at the highest risk groups, with a view to achieving the 'one student, one family' program goals with respect to eye health.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141064501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tear film hTERT and corneal nerve characteristics in dry eye disease.","authors":"Sultan Alotaibi, Eric Papas, Rabia Mobeen, Jerome Ozkan, Stuti L Misra, Maria Markoulli","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2354775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2354775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The behaviour of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in tears reflects its role in maintaining the ocular surface homoeostasis, as it is increased after the initial fitting of contact lenses and post-overnight lid closure.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>hTERT has been shown to respond to cellular stress in neurodegenerative diseases and to enhance axonal regeneration after peripheral axotomy in an animal model. This work investigated whether the behaviour of hTERT in the tear film reflects ocular surface inflammation and neuronal changes in the presence of dry eye disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Flush tears were collected from 18 participants with dry eye disease (14 females, 4 males, mean age 34.7 ± 5.2 years) and from 18 healthy participants without dry eye disease (8 females, 10 males, mean age 31.9 ± 5.8 years). Dry eye disease status was defined using the TFOS DEWS II diagnostic criteria. hTERT levels in tears were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Confocal images were taken at the level of the subbasal nerve plexus at the central cornea and at the inferior whorl, and the densities of corneal immune cells were evaluated as well as corneal nerve morphology metrics using a fully automated technique (University of Manchester, United Kingdom).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In participants with dry eye disease, hTERT levels were significantly higher compared to controls (median [interquartile range]: 434 [320-600] ng/ml, and 184 [42-390] ng/ml, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Increased nerve fibre width at the inferior whorl, was seen in those with dry eyes (0.0219 [0.0214-0.0236] mm/mm compared to controls 0.0217 [0.0207 0.0222] <i>p</i> < 0.001), but no significant differences were found in the density of corneal immune cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>hTERT levels were elevated in participants with dry eye disease, and this was accompanied by increased nerve thickness in the inferior cornea. The hTERT response may reflect the stress induced to the ocular surface and corneal nerves due to having dry eye disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in different types of amblyopia.","authors":"Mahdi Sharifi, Sadegh Jafarzadeh, Mohammad Yaser Kiarudi, Samira Hassanzadeh, Masoud Rostami","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2352503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2024.2352503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The visual system plays an important role in the development of the vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR). In clinical practice, the ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) test is used to assess contralateral VOR.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study sought to compare the oVEMP in patients with anisometropic, strabismic, and mixed amblyopia using unilateral and bilateral (simultaneous binaural) stimulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two amblyopic patients (20 males and 22 females) with a mean age of 10.48 ± 4.00 years (range: 5 - 20 years) were examined. The Titmus stereopsis test, alternate cover test, and best-corrected visual acuity were evaluated. Patients were divided into three groups: anisometropic, strabismic, and mixed amblyopia. The oVEMP responses including the amplitude of electrical activity (n1-p1 complex) and the latencies (n1 and p1) of the VOR responses were recorded under unilateral and bilateral stimulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the anisometropic and strabismic group, n1 latency was significantly faster in the non-amblyopic eyes compared to amblyopic eyes (Z = -2.04, <i>p</i> = 0.042, andZ = -2.54, <i>p</i> = 0.024 respectively). Mean p1 latency was significantly faster in the non-amblyopic eyes compared to the amblyopic eyes of the strabismic group (Z = -2.31, <i>p</i> = 0.011)In all groups, the p1 latency was faster in the non-amblyopic eye compared to bilateral stimulation (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). In all groups, the n1-p1 amplitude was not significantly different between the two eyes, and between each eye and bilateral stimulation (all, <i>p</i> > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between the depth of amblyopia and n1 and p1 responses (all, <i>p</i> > 0.05). In all groups there was no significant difference in the latency of n1 and p1 between the amblyopic eye and bilateral stimulation (all, <i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regardless of its type, amblyopia affects vestibular-ocular reflex responses. Further research is warranted to clarify the effect of the disease and its treatment on the ocular-vestibular system.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140944349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}