Clinical and Experimental Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Tear film hTERT and corneal nerve characteristics in dry eye disease.","authors":"Sultan Alotaibi, Eric Papas, Rabia Mobeen, Jerome Ozkan, Stuti L Misra, Maria Markoulli","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2354775","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2354775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The behaviour of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in tears reflects its role in maintaining the ocular surface homoeostasis, as it is increased after the initial fitting of contact lenses and post-overnight lid closure.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>hTERT has been shown to respond to cellular stress in neurodegenerative diseases and to enhance axonal regeneration after peripheral axotomy in an animal model. This work investigated whether the behaviour of hTERT in the tear film reflects ocular surface inflammation and neuronal changes in the presence of dry eye disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Flush tears were collected from 18 participants with dry eye disease (14 females, 4 males, mean age 34.7 ± 5.2 years) and from 18 healthy participants without dry eye disease (8 females, 10 males, mean age 31.9 ± 5.8 years). Dry eye disease status was defined using the TFOS DEWS II diagnostic criteria. hTERT levels in tears were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Confocal images were taken at the level of the subbasal nerve plexus at the central cornea and at the inferior whorl, and the densities of corneal immune cells were evaluated as well as corneal nerve morphology metrics using a fully automated technique (University of Manchester, United Kingdom).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In participants with dry eye disease, hTERT levels were significantly higher compared to controls (median [interquartile range]: 434 [320-600] ng/ml, and 184 [42-390] ng/ml, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Increased nerve fibre width at the inferior whorl, was seen in those with dry eyes (0.0219 [0.0214-0.0236] mm/mm compared to controls 0.0217 [0.0207 0.0222] <i>p</i> < 0.001), but no significant differences were found in the density of corneal immune cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>hTERT levels were elevated in participants with dry eye disease, and this was accompanied by increased nerve thickness in the inferior cornea. The hTERT response may reflect the stress induced to the ocular surface and corneal nerves due to having dry eye disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"450-455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optometrists honoured during the first half-century of the Order of Australia (1975-2025).","authors":"Nathan Efron","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2474651","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2474651","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"401-407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-exudative optic nerve head haemangioblastoma.","authors":"Somya Kumari, Kiran Gc, Vinod Kumar","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2376200","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2376200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"516-517"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Re: using ChatGPT-4 in visual field test assessment.","authors":"Gulsah Gumus Akgun, Cigdem Altan, Ali Safa Balci, Nese Alagoz, Ihsan Çakır, Tekin Yaşar","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2480237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2480237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nomogram based on peripheral blood inflammatory indices and optical coherence tomography biomarkers for early prediction of anti-VEGF response in diabetic macular edema.","authors":"Chen Yanxia, Xiong Yongqiang, Fu Min, Ke Xiaoyun","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2493387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2493387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The pathogenesis of diabetic macular edema (DME) involves inflammation. Identifying relevant biomarkers can guide more effective treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluated peripheral blood indices and optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers in DME patients, constructing a nomogram to predict anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) response based on inflammatory features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 140 eyes from 93 DME patients were included in this study. Data on OCT and haematologic parameters were collected. Logistic regression analyses with generalised estimating equations (GEE) identified risk factors for poor visual-functional response to anti-VEGF therapy, and a nomogram was constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty percent (56/140) of the eyes from DME patients exhibited a poor visual-functional response. Multivariate regression analyses with GEE revealed that older age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.12; <i>p</i> = 0.005), lower best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (OR: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.02-0.27; <i>p</i> < 0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 2.57 (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.93-9.21; <i>p</i> = 0.16), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) > 98.93 (OR: 12.64; 95% CI: 2.17-73.7; <i>p</i> = 0.018), presence of subretinal fluid (SRF) (OR: 3.59; 95% CI: 1.96-13.42; <i>p</i> = 0.034), a greater number of hyperreflective foci (HRF) in the outer retinal layers (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.08-1.6; <i>p</i> = 0.001), and the grading of external limiting membrane integrity (OR: 6.57; 95% CI: 1.71-25.27; <i>p</i> = 0.005) were risk factors for poor response. The nomogram achieved an area under the curve of 0.866. Calibration and Hosmer - Lemeshow tests confirmed the model fit (<i>p</i> = 0.685). Clinical decision curve analysis demonstrated substantial clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An NLR > 2.57 and PLR > 98.93 serve as circulating biomarkers, while SRF and HRF act as imaging biomarkers that can function as inflammatory markers for DME. The nomogram based on these inflammatory features effectively predicts the visual-functional response in DME.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug releasing contact lenses and their application to disease presentations.","authors":"Chau-Minh Phan, David Wulff, Minal Thacker, Alex Hui","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2492761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2492761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eye drops, the most common method for anterior segment treatment, face challenges of inefficiency, with less than 7% instilled drugs typically reaching target tissues of interest. The advent of contact lens drug delivery systems offers a paradigm shift, enhancing drug residence time and bioavailability on the ocular surface. This review focuses on the considerations and challenges in developing contact lenses for drug delivery, particularly for managing four categories of ocular diseases: anterior segment infections, dry eye disease, ocular allergies, and glaucoma. Each disease category requires tailored therapeutic approaches, and the technical intricacies of drug-releasing contact lenses must address concerns related to lens properties, drug release duration, and safety. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the therapeutic needs of ocular diseases and offer a comprehensive overview of the progress made in this innovative approach. The emergence of a commercially available ketotifen fumarate-releasing lens serves as a testament to the feasibility and potential benefits of this innovative approach, paving the way for further refinement and targeted applications in ocular therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understandability and actionability of patient education materials for diabetic retinopathy among indigenous and general populations.","authors":"Kam Chun Ho, Falicia Tay, Caitlin Quan, Faran Sabeti","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2492765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2492765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Effective diabetic retinopathy (DR) patient education materials (PEMs) are vital for improving patient outcomes by fostering understanding and self-management.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>DR is a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness among Australians with diabetes, with Indigenous populations facing higher rates of severe complications. Despite the availability of online PEMs, their understandability and actionability, especially those designed for Indigenous Australians, remains underexplored, creating a gap in effective patient education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive study assessed online PEMs using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT). Evaluations were conducted with online search platforms for printable and audiovisual PEMs on DR. Two independent reviewers scored the PEMs for understandability and actionability, with discrepancies resolved by a third adjudicator. A 70% threshold was used to indicate acceptable scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 540 identified PEMs, 54 met the inclusion criteria. Indigenous-targeted PEMs achieved higher in understandability (80%) than general population PEMs (75%). However, actionability scores were lower across all formats, with printable PEMs having a mean score of 42% for general population and 53% for Indigenous PEMs, and audiovisual PEMs at 29%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While most DR-related PEMs are generally understandable, their low actionability, especially audiovisual formats, indicates a need for clearer, step-by-step guidance to support patient self-management. Improving the structure and content of both printable and audiovisual PEMs can improve engagement and adherence to preventive behaviours among people living with diabetes, potentially reducing the burden of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of botulinum toxin A on dry eye disease and syndromes.","authors":"Amy Yen-Chi Chen, Brian Sloan, Stuti L Misra","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2488125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2488125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several innovative treatment modalities for dry eye disease have emerged over the past decade. This systematic review aims to explore botulinum toxin A as a novel treatment modality for dry eye symptoms. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline (Ovid), and SCOPUS databases were searched with medical subject headings (MeSH). MeSH terms 'Dry eye' and 'Botulinum Toxin A' were used in combination with one or more of the following phrases 'Disease Management', 'Therapy', or 'prevention'. Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, these studies were evaluated by two independent reviewers for inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Subsequently, the included studies were evaluated via Oxford centre for evidence-based medicine level of evidence and the risk of biases were assessed by using the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews. The subjective and objective measurements of dry eye from the included studies were summarised. Consistent measurements of interest were analysed through the review mananager software. The objective outcome measures were Schirmer's test and tear break-up time, while ocular surface disease index was the subjective measure. Eighteen studies were included, where number of eyes for each assessment ranged from 131 to 241 in the final analysis. The tear break-up time was increased after botulinum toxin A injection, by a standardised mean difference (SSMD) of 1.33 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.54, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Schirmer's test findings were improved by a SSMD of 0.69 (95% CI 0.45 to 0.93, <i>p</i> < 0.01). An improvement in the widely used dry eye questionnaire, Ocular surface disease index, was noted in the scores with a SSMD of -8.72 (95% CI -10.77 to -6.67, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Botulinum toxin A injection has the potential to be a useful treatment for dry eye symptoms. Different methods and locations of botulinum toxin A injections may alter the dry eye treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable myopia prevalence in New Zealand from 2001 to 2023 estimated from national driver licence data on unaided visual acuity.","authors":"Wanyu Xu, Andrew V Collins, John R Phillips","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2491440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2491440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Understanding myopia prevalence can improve patient education and help guide early interventions. This knowledge may enhance awareness, support better decision-making, and positively impact patients' vision and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of myopia is increasing globally, but no published data exists for New Zealand. This study estimated myopia prevalence using New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA) data on the number of driver licence holders with a B-condition, indicating that their unaided visual acuity was worse than 6/12 and they must wear refractive correction while driving.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of de-identified NZTA licence data (with or without a B-condition) for 2001, 2006, 2013, 2018 and 2023 was performed. Data were stratified by gender in 5-year age groups. Data from the 25-44-year age range were used to estimate myopia prevalence, assuming all B-conditions resulted from myopia. Approximately 96% of 25 to 44-year-olds in New Zealand had a driver's licence in 2023. Non-parametric, Mann-Kendall (M-K) trend analysis was used to investigate changes in myopia prevalence over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2001, the proportion of 25-44-year-old drivers with a B-condition was 21.55%: <i>n</i> = 1,033,251 (25.32% in females, 17.78% in males). By 2023, when the 25-44-year-old group consisted of different individuals, the proportion of B-condition licences was 21.44%: <i>n</i> = 1,438,257 (25.39% in females, 17.71% in males). The proportion among successive independent cohorts of younger drivers (aged 25-29 years, combined female & male) remained stable from 2001 to 2023 (M-K trend, S = -8, <i>p</i> = 0.086) at 19.82 ± 1.71% (mean ± SD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of myopia in the New Zealand population of 25-44-year-olds remained stable from 2001 to 2023 at approximately 22% overall (with prevalence of approximately 25% in females and 18% in males).</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the accuracy and quality of YouTube videos on corneal cross-linking.","authors":"Bedia Kesimal, Sücattin İlker Kocamış","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2486701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2486701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>YouTube is a widely used medical information source, offering educational content on health conditions and treatments. However, its unregulated nature raises concerns about accuracy, reliability, and accessibility. Assessing online medical content quality is important to ensure that patients receive credible, evidence-based guidance.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Keratoconus is a progressive corneal disorder that can lead to visual impairment. Corneal cross-linking (CXL) is an effective treatment that strengthens the corneal structure and halts disease progression. YouTube is frequently used by patients seeking information about diseases and treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of YouTube videos on CXL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on YouTube videos related to CXL. Five commonly searched keywords were identified using Google Trends, and a YouTube search was performed. Among the first 100 videos ranked by relevance, 69 met the inclusion criteria. Video characteristics, including source, content type, narrator gender, and accessibility features, were recorded. Quality and reliability were assessed using the DISCERN, Global Quality Score (GQS), and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) scoring systems. Statistical analyses examined differences in video quality based on information source and gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall quality of YouTube videos on CXL was average, with a mean DISCERN score of 42.5 ± 11.8, GQS of 3.28 ± 0.94, and JAMA score of 2.75 ± 0.68. Videos uploaded by clinicians (39.1%) and health channels (31.9%) had significantly higher quality scores than patient-uploaded videos (29%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between video popularity and quality metrics. Narrator gender had no significant effect on video quality or popularity metrics (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While clinician- and health channel-produced videos demonstrated higher quality, this did not translate into greater engagement, highlighting a disconnect between popularity and informational value.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}