Clinical and Experimental Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Translational changes: evidence for low-dose atropine and myopia control.","authors":"Simon Backhouse, Linda Robinson, Christopher Law","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2600582","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2600582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myopia control, as opposed to myopia correction, is emerging as the new standard of care for clinical management of paediatric myopia by optometrists. The prevalence of myopia, and high myopia, is increasing worldwide, while the prevalence of pathologies associated with myopia increases with increasing axial length. With increasing global prevalence, preventing the axial elongation and pathologies associated with higher levels of myopia is therefore of paramount importance. Pharmacological management with atropine is one of the key myopia control options available to practitioners. Management with 1% atropine shows positive control effects but induces significant visual side effects in paediatic patients due to cycloplegia and mydriasis. The initial studies on the efficacy of low-dose atropine (<0.1%) have led to a significant increase in both publications (50% of all atropine myopia control papers having been published in the past 4 years) and practitioner prescribing. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of low-dose atropine are explored to provide practitioners with an evidence-based approach to use in their practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1129-1141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145910520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior polar cataract with type 2 persistent pupillary membrane.","authors":"Sana Nadeem","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2634070","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2634070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1392-1394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of occupational visual demands on the progression of presbyopia in civilian pilots.","authors":"Ceren Turkoglu","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2627433","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2627433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Presbyopia, an age-related decline in near vision, significantly impacts daily functioning and work performance in visually demanding professions. Understanding occupational factors influencing presbyopia is crucial for optimizing vision screening and management strategies.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to compare the prevalence and progression of presbyopia in civilian pilots aged 40 and above with an age-matched control group lacking aviation experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional study involved 1124 participants (159 females, 965 males). The study group comprised civilian aviators aged 40+ with at least five years of flying experience, while controls had no aviation history. Comprehensive visual assessments were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Civilian aviators exhibited significantly lower near addition values compared to controls (mean +0.59 ± 0.71 D vs. +1.61 ± 0.71 D; <i>p</i> < 0.01). Gender-specific analysis revealed a more pronounced difference in female pilots versus female controls (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Civilian pilots aged 40 and above may experience delayed onset or slower progression of presbyopia. These findings suggest that aviation-related visual demands and proactive ocular health practices might mitigate presbyopia development. Further research is needed to validate these findings and assess long-term occupational visual influences.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1324-1329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistics in the ophthalmic literature and the alignment with knowledge, attitudes and practices towards statistics.","authors":"Isabelle Jalbert, Sally Alkhawajah, Nancy Briggs, Jeffrey Lee, Karen Wei, Kirsten Challinor","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2628267","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2628267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The Entry-Level Competency Standards for Optometry 2022 explicitly state that optometrists must be able to 'find, appraise, analyse, interpret and integrate the best available research to inform clinical reasoning and professional decision-making'.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>To enumerate the statistical methods used in the ophthalmic literature and to measure the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) towards statistics in Australian optometrists. A secondary aim was to characterise statistical accessibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The most frequently used statistical methods in articles published in four highly ranked ophthalmic journals over a 12-month period were identified. Two reviewers independently audited articles and assigned analyses to 37 pre-defined categories. A cross-sectional 35-item purposely designed KAP survey was distributed to a random sample of registered Australian practitioners. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and odds ratios characterised the statistics used in the ophthalmic literature. KAP results were analysed using Cronbach's alpha and regression (linear, ordinal).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequently used category was descriptive statistics, followed by t-tests, contingency tables, nonparametric tests, other, and ANOVA and 77% of articles could be understood with knowledge of the top 10 statistical methods. Ninety-two of 706 (response rate 13%) optometrists (mean age 44 ± 12 years, 54% female) returned the survey. Optometrists demonstrated moderate knowledge (44% ± 20%) and attitude (47% ± 15%) and a poor practice (31% ± 31%) towards statistics. Females had a lower attitude score, practice, and total scores than males (all <i>p</i> ≤ 0.02). Optometrists had best knowledge of T-test yet 75% had a little or no confidence in 'the knowledge and skills required to interpret all inferential statistics'.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optometrists must understand descriptive statistics and some basic inferential statistics to critically appraise the literature. The KAP can pinpoint gaps and indicate where and how education should be targeted. The validated KAP is available for use in other settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1370-1381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiR-335-5p as a potential biomarker of wet age-related macular degeneration.","authors":"Yanrong Chen, Zhaode Zhang, Jingjing Wu, Yuqing Wang, Shuhua Lin","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2639834","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2639834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Early diagnosis and intervention are of vital importance in delaying the irreversible vision loss caused by wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>wAMD can lead to blindness in severe cases. At present, the pathogenesis of wAMD is still unclear, so a new biomarker is needed to study wAMD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 190 subjects were included in this study, including the control group (<i>n</i> = 90) and the wAMD group (<i>n</i> = 100). The expression of miR-335-5p and the diagnostic value of miR-335-5p in wAMD were analysed. ARPE-19 cells treated with 300 µM t-BHP for 24 h or 600 µM H₂O₂ for 24 h were selected as oxidative damage models. MiR-335-5p mimic and miR-335-5p inhibitor were transfected into oxidative damage models to up-regulate and down-regulate miR-335-5p, and then proliferation and apoptosis were measured. Targetscan was used to forecast the target of miR-335-5p and gain VEGFA, which was confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter system. MiR-335-5p and VEGFA were overexpressed in oxidative damage models to detect the role of both in wAMD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MiR-335-5p was reduced and may have high diagnostic value in wAMD. MiR-335-5p was a risk factor for wAMD. In the oxidative damage models, overexpressed miR-335-5p increased the cell viability and decreased the apoptosis, while the inhibition of miR-335-5p was reversed. VEGFA was the target of miR-335-5p and was negatively regulated by miR-335-5p in the oxidative damage models. VEGFA and miR-335-5p were negatively correlated in wAMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MiR-335-5p may have a high diagnostic value in wAMD, suggesting that miR-335-5p might be a biomarker of wAMD. VEGFA was the target of miR-335-5p, and the two were negative correlation in wAMD. MiR-335-5p regulates VEGFA secretion in RPE cells, thereby indirectly participating in the core pathological process of wAMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1294-1304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergic eye disease in clinical practice: essential updates for eye care professionals.","authors":"Mekhla U Naik, Rohit C Khanna, Amrita Mohanty, Anahita Kate, Jay Sheth, Somasheila Murthy","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2671287","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2671287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic eye disease affects 15-40% of people worldwide, particularly children and adolescents, and often coexists with atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and allergic rhinitis. To capture the latest insights into its causes, presentation and management, the authors performed a comprehensive PubMed/MEDLINE literature review through April 2025 using multiple search terms such as 'ocular allergy', 'allergic conjunctivitis', 'Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis', 'Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis', 'Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis', 'Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis', \"Contact Blepharoconjunctivitis, 'Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis', 'Shield Ulcers', 'immunology', 'allergic rhinitis', and related terminologies. The current review review integrates epidemiological data, mechanistic studies and clinical guidelines to offer a cohesive overview of this condition. Allergic eye disease arises when environmental allergens trigger an IgE-mediated immune response in the eye, leading to inflammation that ranges from mild seasonal redness and itching to severe forms with tissue changes and corneal involvement. Diagnosis depends on the history and eye examination of a patient, with ancillary tests used only when the presentation is unclear. Management begins with allergen avoidance, lubricating drops and cold compresses, progressing to topical antihistamines or mast-cell stabilisers and short-course corticosteroids for flares. Looking ahead, newer treatments such as calcineurin inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies against key inflammatory cytokines and targeted small-molecule drugs are expanding the ability to control symptoms without long-term steroid use. Given its chronic, relapsing nature and potential to cause ocular surface damage, corneal complications, and visual morbidity, early recognition and stage-appropriate management of allergic eye disease are essential in routine clinical practice to preserve ocular surface integrity, maintain visual function, and improve patient quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1113-1128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A look at literature on myopia over the past 25 years: a personal review.","authors":"Langis Michaud, Remy Marcotte-Collard, Patrick Simard","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2579173","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2579173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over 100 years ago, Professor Foucher of Université Laval in Montreal (Canada) suggested that myopia was the result of an interaction between genetics and the visual environment, implying a Darwinian response to our changing world. His words are still relevant today. Over 30,000 articles have been published since he spoke then. Have his questions been answered? What has been learned from this body of research, particularly in the last 25 years? The purpose of this paper is to review the scientific evidence on myopia and to give clinical significance to the results and conclusions presented. It is therefore not a conventional review. More specifically, this work covers the major trends that have characterised myopia research, allowing us to refine our understanding of the mechanisms leading to the onset and development of myopia and to assess the effectiveness of optical and pharmacological methods for its treatment. This is a clinically oriented text that helps to understand why the strategies used to treat myopia produce certain results but also highlights their limitations. It opens up new perspectives. Science has indeed answered many questions about myopia. But it has also raised many more that need to be addressed in future research notably to facilitate the most accurate prediction of the evolution of a particular individual and his or her response to a given strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1157-1169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in inflammatory blood parameters in patients with radiation-related complications due to radiotherapy for uveal melanoma.","authors":"Merve Özge Algedik Tokyürek, İrem Koç, Ebru Öztürk, Gözde Yazıcı, Hayyam Kıratlı","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2625884","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2625884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Radiation retinopathy is a common cause of visual impairment following ocular radiotherapy, and systemic inflammatory activity may contribute to retinal vascular damage. Understanding inflammatory mechanisms may support earlier identification of patients at risk and improve clinical monitoring strategies.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiation retinopathy is a vision-threatening complication of radiotherapy for uveal melanoma and has traditionally been considered a localised microvascular disorder. However, the potential contribution of systemic inflammation to its development remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was undertaken of hospital records of patients diagnosed with radiation retinopathy after stereotactic photon radiotherapy for uveal melanoma. Demographic characteristics, tumour features, and systemic inflammatory blood parameters were evaluated before and after the onset of retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 97 patients were included, with 52.6% female participants. Most tumours were classified as T1 or T2. The median time to retinopathy diagnosis was 24 months. All systemic inflammatory blood parameters showed significant increases after the development of radiation retinopathy (all <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is concluded that radiation retinopathy is associated with systemic inflammatory activation, suggesting that inflammatory processes may extend beyond localised retinal injury, and therefore may serve as accessible biomarkers for disease monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1305-1313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dark without pressure with choroidal naevus - a diagnostic challenge.","authors":"Sarang Nikhil Gokhale, Bhagyashree Verma, Ahana Sen, Rupak Roy","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2617356","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2617356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1395-1397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apps for people with vision impairment: an international review of practitioner suggestions and app availability.","authors":"Vijaya K Gothwal, Andrew Miller, Mei Ying Boon, Ahalya Subramanian, Alexis Malkin, Ava K Bittner","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2631757","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2631757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Assistive smartphone apps play an integral role in supporting people with vision impairment (VI). Low vision rehabilitation (LVR) professionals need an understanding of these tools to provide effective, up-to-date guidance to help patients identify options that can improve daily functioning.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Smartphones and assistive apps are widely used by people with VI, offering versatile and portable tools which support daily activities and promote independence. However, the volume and variability of apps create challenges for practitioners particularly as apps are updated frequently and artificial intelligence is gaining prominence. The purpose of this study is to describe how practitioners identify and make app recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An international cross sectional survey of LVR professionals was conducted to identify commonly recommended visual assistive apps. Responses were categorised by country income level and professional group of respondents. A concurrent search of English-language app stores, using predefined terms was performed to identify and compare assistive app availability with practitioner recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>App recommendation patterns varied by practitioner role and region. Optometrists frequently recommended magnifier apps, while therapists tended to suggest computer vision and sighted guide apps. Most commonly recommended apps were Seeing AI and Be My Eyes in high-income countries, and weZoom Magnifying glass and Be My Eyes in lower-income countries. Only two of ten most frequently recommended apps, Seeing AI and Be My Eyes, appeared consistently in app store searches across all four countries and both Android and iOS operating systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Comparing practitioner recommendations reflects potential differences in access, awareness, training, device availability, and patient needs. Understanding these insights helps to inform clinical decision-making and encourage more consistent and tailored support to diverse patient populations. Given the rapid pace of app development, regular review of the most suitable apps and clear dissemination of reliable information to practitioners are essential for informed evidence-based decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1225-1238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}