Clinical and Experimental Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of autologous serum in managing post-cataract dry eye: an in vivo confocal microscopy-based comparative analysis.","authors":"Ahmet Alp Bilgic, Emrah Utku Kabatas, Huri Sabur","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2711803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2711803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Postoperative dry eye disease is a common and clinically significant complication of cataract surgery that can impair visual recovery and reduce patient quality of life. Effective management of ocular surface inflammation in this patient population remains an important challenge in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this work is to compare the efficacy of 20% autologous serum and 0.15% preservative-free sodium hyaluronate in managing iatrogenic dry eye disease after cataract surgery, with ocular surface inflammation assessed by in vivo confocal microscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, non-randomised comparative study included 46 patients who developed dry eye disease within one month after phacoemulsification, receiving either 20% autologous serum (<i>n</i> = 24) or 0.15% sodium hyaluronate (<i>n</i> = 22) five times daily for four weeks. Outcomes included Ocular Surface Disease Index, tear break-up time, corneal fluorescein staining, tear meniscus height and area, and subbasal dendritic cell density by in vivo confocal microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups achieved significant improvements in all parameters (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At one month, autologous serum showed greater improvements than sodium hyaluronate in Ocular Surface Disease Index (11.4 ± 6.0 vs. 19.4 ± 8.3; <i>p</i> < 0.001), tear break-up time (9.98 ± 2.72 vs. 8.17 ± 2.56 s; <i>p</i> = 0.019), corneal fluorescein staining (0.67 ± 0.64 vs. 1.23 ± 0.53; <i>p</i> = 0.003), tear meniscus height (326.2 ± 50.4 vs. 284.1 ± 44.8 µm; <i>p</i> = 0.005), and dendritic cell density (37.9 ± 15.8 vs. 52.7 ± 18.6 cells/mm²; <i>p</i> = 0.003), with a greater mean reduction in dendritic cell density (-29.1 ± 6.6 vs. -14.0 ± 7.2 cells/mm²; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with sodium hyaluronate, 20% autologous serum was associated with greater improvements in clinical outcomes and a greater reduction in dendritic cell density, providing objective microstructural evidence of reduced ocular surface inflammation. Prospective randomised studies are warranted to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision, hearing, and dementia in older adults receiving home care services: implications for optometric practice.","authors":"Melinda Toomey, Helen Gurteen, Bronwyn Franco, Marianne Piano, Lisa Keay, Piers Dawes","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2704611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2026.2704611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vision and hearing impairments are common in older adults and are often comorbid with dementia. These conditions exacerbate the impact of dementia, and outcomes for those with dual sensory impairment are considerably worse than for people with single sensory impairment. This narrative review synthesises current evidence on the intersection of vision, hearing, and cognitive impairment, outlining prevalence, and psychosocial, physical, and functional consequences of sensory loss in older populations. Many Australians with dementia age in place; however, sensory interventions are often underutilised in home-based aged care settings, despite benefits for quality of life, responsive behaviours and functioning in daily life. Barriers to effective vision and hearing care include a lack of routine sensory assessments, limited integration of optometry and audiology services in home care packages, and insufficient training of home care staff. Dementia- and hearing impairment-friendly eyecare, embedded within person-centred, interdisciplinary models, is essential to accommodate cognitive and hearing needs. Optometrists are well-positioned to lead these efforts, particularly through home-based services that support ageing in place. Implementation of national and international recommendations for integrated sensory care could enhance quality of life, independence, and cognitive health in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital eye strain and lens-based prescribing: exploring the gap between evidence and clinical practice.","authors":"Angelica Ly, Alex Hui","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2579166","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2579166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In response to the growing incidence of digital eye strain, a variety of spectacle and contact lens interventions have been introduced and are frequently prescribed in clinical and retail settings. However, the evidence supporting their effectiveness remains limited and inconclusive. This narrative review explores the real-world implementation of lens-based interventions for digital eye strain, focusing on how contextual factors influence prescribing practices. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, the review examines the characteristics of these interventions, the outer setting in which they are prescribed, individuals involved in their adoption, and the processes that support or hinder their integration into routine care. Findings reveal that prescribing is often driven more by societal demand, commercial pressures, and clinician perceptions than by robust clinical evidence. Blue light filtering and anti-reflective coated spectacle lenses are commonly recommended, while contact lens interventions are less frequently studied but increasingly marketed. The review highlights a disconnect between evidence and practice and underscores the need for more rigorous research and context-specific clinical guidance to support evidence-based prescribing for digital eye strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1183-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it time to update the Joint Statement?","authors":"Kylie Elsie Jean Gran, Meri Vukicevic, Konstandina Koklanis","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2616035","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2616035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1382-1385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of corneal and lens properties in patients with systemic sclerosis: a densitometric analysis.","authors":"Havvanur Bayraktar, Betül Dertsiz Kozan, Lütfi Akyol","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2623991","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2623991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Systemic sclerosis can affect vision quality by causing fibrosis in the cornea and lens, as in all organs.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this work is to evaluate corneal and lens densitometry alongside anterior segment parameters in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), and to assess whether subclinical structural changes are detectable using Scheimpflug-based imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective case-control study included 20 patients with SSc and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, including anterior segment imaging using the Pentacam HR system. Corneal and lens densitometry values were recorded in concentric zones and evaluated in the anterior, central, and posterior layers. Additional parameters such as central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber (AC) depth, AC angle, and corneal volume were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were observed in anterior segment parameters (CCT, AC depth, AC angle, corneal volume) or lens densitometry values between SSc patients and controls (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, significantly reduced corneal densitometry values were found in the anterior and central layers of the 0-2 mm and 2-6 mm zones in the SSc group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant differences were noted in the posterior corneal layer across all zones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although anterior segment and lens parameters appeared unaffected, reduced corneal densitometry in the central optical zone suggests subtle stromal remodelling in patients with long-standing SSc. These microstructural changes may reflect chronic fibrotic remodelling and warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1265-1273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146118242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic impact assessment of low vision and blindness on patients and households in Thailand.","authors":"Suksri Chotikavanich, Pochamana Phisalprapa, Chayanis Kositamongkol, Pitipol Choopong, Akarawit Eiamsamarng, Pisara Muneesri, Rungtip Yingyong, Waree Nujoi, Somthin Dongngam, Jaruwan Jai-Ai, Nattapon Sarinak, Ekpipat Eksupapan, Saranya Sagan","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2641537","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2641537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Services for patients with low vision and blindness aim to improve their well-being. This can be achieved by understanding the effects of vision loss on all aspects of life, thereby enabling clinicians to design appropriate rehabilitation models.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explored the socioeconomic impact of low vision and blindness, mainly due to untreatable bilateral eye diseases, on individuals and their households.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study conducted at a low-vision clinic, in which participants were interviewed regarding socioeconomic changes following visual impairment. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of income reduction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 110 patients (mean age 51.4 ± 14.6 years) were enrolled. Retinitis pigmentosa was the leading cause of visual impairment (35.4%), followed by optic atrophy, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration. Following vision loss, 41.8% of patients became unemployed. A significant occupational shift occurred, with many transitioning from professionals to having no occupation (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The primary monthly income of patients decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and the proportion of patients with no income increased (7.3-50.9%). Multivariable analysis showed significant associations between primary income reduction and age groups of 31-40 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 10.7, 95% CI: 1.2-96.0, <i>p</i> = 0.035), 51-60 years (AOR 8.4, 95% CI: 1.2-59.9, <i>p</i> = 0.034), and over 60 years (AOR 46.5, 95% CI: 4.8-445.6, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Although not significant, the income decline was greater in patients with poor visual acuity or large peripheral field loss than in those with central scotoma. Most patients had family caregivers who remained employed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low vision and blindness due to incurable bilateral eye disease were associated with substantial income loss and transition out of paid employment, underscoring the need for integrated rehabilitation and social protection policies to address functional and socioeconomic needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1349-1358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics and eye health: research advances and implications for primary eyecare.","authors":"Alexis Ceecee Britten-Jones, Lachlan Sw Knight, Sena A Gocuk, Parker Truong, Elise Cichello, Sumudu Sc Amarasekera, Bao N Nguyen, Lauren N Ayton","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2580576","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2580576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ocular genetics research has seen tremendous growth in the last two decades. Understanding the genetic basis of eye diseases helps researchers comprehend their heritability, uncover disease mechanisms, and develop targeted gene therapies. This evolving knowledge is changing the clinical management of many eye conditions, from diagnostics and gene-based therapies for patients with previously untreatable monogenic eye diseases, to risk stratification and personalised management of complex conditions. Despite the limited role of genetics in primary eyecare today, the integration of genetics into optometry practice holds promise for enhancing patient outcomes. Optometrists, as primary eyecare practitioners, play a key role in detecting and managing eye conditions. Therefore, increased engagement from optometrists can assist in identifying patients with genetic eye conditions within the community, supporting shared care and multidisciplinary teams, enhancing participation in research and clinical trials, and providing ongoing monitoring and patient education. Integrating genetics into eyecare requires clinicians to have a clear understanding of the role of genetics in rare and common eye diseases, genomic literacy education for primary care practitioners, and multidisciplinary networks for improved communication and coordinated care. This review aims to provide an evidence-based update on recent advances in genetic technologies for eye diseases. It discusses current evidence on the role of genetics in monogenic and polygenic eye diseases, and examines the applications of genetics in eyecare, including diagnosis, risk stratification, and emerging treatments. Additionally, it highlights the role of primary eyecare professionals within a multidisciplinary approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1197-1214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of technological advances in the management of bacterial, fungal, viral, and <i>Acanthamoeba</i> keratitis.","authors":"Tanzina Akter, Shyam Mishra Baishnab, Meseret Damtie, Srikanth Dumpati, Teshome Belachew Eshete, Suleman Irfan, Mukesh Kumar, Manjulatha Sara, Umme Laila Urmi, Mark Willcox","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2579169","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2579169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial keratitis is a major cause of monocular blindness worldwide. Trauma and contact lens wear are major risk factors. Bacteria are a major cause, but fungi, viruses, and <i>Acanthamoeba</i> can also cause the disease. Therapeutic options are dwindling with the rise of antimicrobial resistance in all of these microbes, but especially bacteria. Infection with resistant strains results in worse clinical outcomes. New antimicrobial therapies are being developed but most have yet to be either used to treat ocular infections or become commercially available. For bacterial keratitis, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a potential new option, as are bacteriophages and even bacteria that eat other bacteria or maggot secretions. For fungal keratitis, ocular natamycin, with oral ketoconazole or voriconazole treatments, offer improved outcomes for severe cases. For viral keratitis, AMPs again offer hope as new therapeutics, as do RNA interference and CRISPR-Cas systems. The recent release of a commercially available polyhexamethylene biguanide eye drop is a step forward, but new therapies that can kill both <i>Acanthamoeba</i> trophozoites and cysts are still needed. Beyond antibiotics, photoactivated chromophores for keratitis-corneal collagen cross-linking and photodynamic therapy have been successfully used. Therapies for large ulcers or scarring include corneal gluing, tissue scaffolds such as amniotic membrane or conjunctival flaps, and tissue replacement through penetrating or lamellar keratoplasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1102-1112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translational changes: evidence around efficacy of red-light therapy in myopia management.","authors":"Jessica Wood, Josephine Dykgraaf, Jagrut Lallu","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2606171","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2606171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global prevalence of myopia has continued to increase significantly over time. By 2050, it has been estimated that approximately half of the world's population will be myopic. Additionally, 10% of myopes will be highly myopic, which greatly increases the risk of sight-threatening ocular complications including retinal detachments and myopic maculopathies. Significant global efforts have been invested in the development of interventions and strategies to prevent myopia onset and progression. Several different myopia control treatments are now available to clinicians for this purpose. Additionally, evidence has suggested that increased outdoor time and illuminance may have protective effects against myopia progression. Recently, the use of repeated low-level red-light therapy devices has become an emerging novel intervention for myopia. While current research surrounding red light therapy, mostly occurring in China, has suggested promising results for myopia management, there is still limited long-term research into the efficacy and safety of red-light therapy. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the current evidence surrounding the efficacy and safety of red-light therapy as a myopia control treatment, and to highlight the importance for further global research efforts for this novel treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1142-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145965308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of refractive error care in China - a cross-sectional unannounced standardised patient study.","authors":"Ling Lee, Ziyin Zhao, Anthea Burnett, Suit May Ho, Yiwen Huang, Cairui Li, Ming Ni, Mediya Rangi, Xiaochen Ma","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2642319","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2026.2642319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Understanding the quality of care provided by existing refractive error services and aspects that influence quality enables educators and the workforce to develop interventions for delivering high-quality services.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>High-quality eye care services are required not only to address uncorrected refractive error but also maintain the needs of those wearing spectacles. This study aims to evaluate the quality of refractive error care in China by estimating the proportion and assessing factors associated with receiving optimal spectacles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilised trained unannounced standardised patients with various refractive error profiles to attend optical services in 2024 in Dali, China. Patients requested an eye examination, ordered and collected spectacles and a written prescription, and recorded testing provided. Baseline refractions were averaged from measurements conducted by three qualified refractionists. Spectacles and prescriptions were compared against the baseline and optimal criteria, and then against each other to assess appropriateness of spectacles made. Proportions for quality outcomes were calculated with robust standards errors to account for intra-service correlation. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression explored potential associations between spectacle quality and visit factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen unannounced standardised patients visited 67 optical services completing 259 visits with 249 spectacles dispensed (181 single vision distance, 68 single vision near). Overall, 25.7% (95%CI:20.0-32.4%) and 38.8% (95%CI:33.5-44.5%) of spectacles and prescriptions, respectively, met the optimal criteria. Regression analyses indicated that males (OR:0.42, 95%CI:0.19-0.92, <i>p</i> = 0.03) were at reduced odds of receiving optimal spectacles, whereas those attending rural services were at significantly increased odds of receiving optimal spectacles (OR:2.82, 95%CI:1.40-5.69, <i>p</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The quality of refractive error care in Dali, China, shows a distinct need for improvement. The observed gender disparity in care requires further investigation, while understanding the systems and structures of rural services may provide insights to foster and improve urban services.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1338-1348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}