Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology最新文献

{"title":"Antigenic analysis of vibrio cholerae O1 by crossed immunoelectrophoresis","authors":"Shahjahan Kabir","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80004-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80004-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antigens from <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> O1 were analyzed by crossed immunoelectophoresis (CIE) using sera from immunized rabbits. Thirty different anode-migrating antigens were detected in sonicated antigen preparations of <em>V. cholerae</em>. These antigens were numbered in order to establish a reference precipitation pattern. Antigen no. 30 was identified as the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen, because it reacted with (i) periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent and (ii) the affinity-purified anti-LPS antibodies. Treatment with proteinase K demonstrated that most of the precipitation lines were due to proteins, a part of which were localised at the cell surface. The major outer membrane protein was found to be closely associated with the precipitation line due to the LPS (antigen no. 30). The antigenicity and immunogenicity of <em>V. cholerae</em> cells killed by different methods (merthiolate, heat, phenol, formalin) were examined. As determined by CIE, killing with merthiolate preserved most of the major components of <em>V. cholerae</em>. Heat, phenol and formalin altered the antigenic mosaic of <em>V. cholerae</em>. These results suggested that CIE can be used to analyze several aspects of <em>V. cholerae</em> antigens.</p></div><div><p>Antigene von <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> O1 wurden unter Verwendung von Kaninchenimmunseren mit der gekreuzten Immunelektophorese (CIE) untersucht. In ultraschallbehandelten Antigenpräparationen wurden 30 verschiedene Antigene ermittelt. Ein Antigen wurde als Lipopolysaccharidantigen identifiziert. Die meisten anderen Präzipitationslinien entsprechen Proteinantigenen, von denen ein Teil an der Oberfläche lokalisiert ist. Die Antigenität, Immunogenität und die Hämagglutinationsaktivität von <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>-Zellen, die mit verschiedenen Methoden (Hitze, Merthiolat, Phenol, Formalin) abgetötet worden waren, wurde vergleichend untersucht. Mit der CIE und der isoelektrischen Fokussierung wurde festgestellt, daß die Abtötung mit Merthiolat die Hauptkomponenten von <em>V. cholerae</em> am besten bewahrt. Hitze, Phenol und Formalin alterieren sowohl das Antigen-mosaik wie auch die Hämagglutinationsaktivität von <em>V. cholerae</em>.</p><p>Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die CIE für die Analyse von Choleraantigen geeignet ist.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 3","pages":"Pages 361-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80004-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14065583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Berlin (West)","authors":"Olaf Kahl ,&nbsp;Katrin Schmidt ,&nbsp;Arno Schönberg ,&nbsp;Ulrich Laukamm-Josten ,&nbsp;Wilhelm Knülle ,&nbsp;Ulrich Bienzle","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80013-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80013-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1986, 1711 nymphal and adult <em>Ixodes ricinus</em> originating from Berlin (West) forests were examined individually or in pools of up to 10 ticks for the presence of <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em>, the etiologic agent of Lyme borreliosis. Detection of borreliae was carried out by means of a culture method using modified Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly-Medium (BSK II).</p><p>Tick populations from 14 out of 15 locations contained positive specimens. The calculated minimal infection rate of pooled ticks was 2.5% in nymphs (n = 1365), 10.2% in females (n = 59), and 5.3% in males (n = 114). Among those ticks examined individually, none of the nymphs (n = 49) proved to be positive but <em>B. burgdorferi</em> was isolated from 8.2% of the females (n = 73) and 7.8% of the males (n = 51). Fifty-five out of 56 isolates were identified as <em>B. burgdorferi</em> by means of an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT) using monoclonal antibody H 5332.</p><p>From these results <em>B. burgdorferi</em> must be considered as being present in the Berlin area.</p></div><div><p>Im Jahre 1986 wurden 1711 <em>Ixodes ricinus</em> (Nymphen und Adulte) aus Berlin (West) einzeln oder in Gruppen von maximal 10 Zecken auf <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em>, dem Erreger der Lyme-Borreliose, untersucht. Der Borreliennachweis erfolgte kulturell in modifiziertem Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly-Medium (BSK II).</p><p>In 14 von 15 aufgesuchten Forstlokalitäten wurden positive Zecken gefunden. Die minimale Durchseuchungsrate der in Gruppen untersuchten Zecken betrug bei Nymphen 2,5% (n = 1365), bei Weibchen 10,2% (n = 59) und bei Männchen 5,3% (n = 114). Von einzeln untersuchten Zecken waren alle Nymphen (n = 49) negativ, jedoch wurde aus 8,2% der Weibchen (n = 73) und aus 7,8% der Männchen (n = 51) <em>B. burgdorferi</em> isoliert. Fünfundzwanzig von insgesamt 56 Isolaten wurden mit einem indirekten Immunofluoreszenztest (IFT) unter Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikörpern H 5332 als <em>B. burgdorferi</em> identifiziert.</p><p>Auf Grund dieser Ergebnisse muß damit gerechnet werden, daß <em>B. burgdorferi</em> im gesamten Berliner Raum in <em>I. ricinus</em> vorkommt.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 3","pages":"Pages 434-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80013-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14063916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ability of smooth and rough variants of mycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare to multiply and survive intracellularly: role of C-mycosides","authors":"Nalin Rastogi ,&nbsp;Veronique Levy-Frebault,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Blom-Potar,&nbsp;Hugo L. David","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80003-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80003-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A spontaneous rough (Rg) mutant of <em>M. avium</em> ATCC 15769 was mutagenized using N-methyl-N-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Out of 54 clones initially chosen on the basis of their morphological appearance on the 7H11 agar, seven Rg clones were selected on the basis of their response to current biochemical tests, and were later characterized for their cell wall amphiphilic contents (analysis of loosely-bound surface lipids for mycosides, peptidolipids, phospholipids, and mycolic acids by thin layer chromatography, and fatty acids by gas chromatography), and ability to grow intracellularly inside J-774 macrophages. A parallel study was also performed on a previously reported Rg mutant of <em>M. intracellulare</em> serovar 20 (<em>W. W. Barrow</em> and <em>P. J. Brennan</em>, J. Bact. 150 (1982) 381–384) which lacked the ability to synthesize mycosides C (MYC⁻). The results obtained were compared to parental smooth (Sm) colony-types of the respective <em>M. avium-intracellulare</em> strains. Our results showed that neither the ninhydrin-reacting lipids (probably peptidolipids) nor the glycopeptidolipids (mycosides C) were primary factors responsible for the intracellular survival and multiplication of these bacteria. Ultrastructural studies showed that although the polysaccharide-rich outer wall layer (POL) in case of MYC⁻ Rg strain was not uniformly distributed and contained blebs, these bacteria formed the characteristic electron-transparent zone (ETZ) upon phagocytosis by macrophages. Furthermore, the multiplication of MYC⁻ Rg strain inside macrophages did not result in intracellular selection of MYC⁺ bacteria, nor in Rg to Sm transition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 3","pages":"Pages 345-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80003-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14065582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and significance of clostridium difficile in faecal specimens of hospitalized children","authors":"Wolfgang Karsch ,&nbsp;Elke Strelau,&nbsp;Wolf-Dieter Grahlow,&nbsp;Evelin Fischer,&nbsp;Rotraud Schulz","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80014-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80014-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stool specimens from 766 hospitalized children, 418 with diarrhoea and 348 controls, were investigated for <em>C. difficile</em>. In both groups the rate of isolation was highest (about 30%) during the first year of life, dropping to nearly 5% in older children. There was no significant difference in the frequency of <em>C. difficile</em> in children with diarrhoea and the controls nor was there a significant influence of previous antibiotic therapy on the rate of isolation. 111/135 strains (82.2%) produced toxin B and 58/135 strains (43%) produced toxin A measured by Y-1- cell culture (toxin B) and rabbit ileal loop test (toxin A). We did not find any significant difference in the toxin production between strains isolated from diarrhoeal children and from the controls. A total of 285 stool specimens was investigated for toxin B production in vivo. There was no significant difference of toxin B in the stool specimens of both groups.</p></div><div><p>Stuhlproben von 766 hospitalisierten Kindern, 418 mit Enteritis und 348 Kontrollen, wurden auf <em>C. difficile</em> untersucht. In beiden Gruppen war die Isolierungrate mit ca. 30% am höchsten im ersten Lebensjahr und fiel auf ca. 5% bei älteren Kindern. Die Isolierungshäufigkeit zeigte in beiden Gruppen keinen signifikanten Unterschied. In beiden Gruppen wurde kein signifikanter Einfluß einer vorherigen antibiotischen Therapie auf die Isolierungsrate von <em>C. difficile</em> festgestellt. 111/135 Stämmen (82,2%) bildeten Toxin B und 58/135 Stämmen (43%) bildeten Toxin A. Es wurde kein signifikanter Unterschied in der Häufigkeit der Toxinbildung zwischen Stämmen von Kindern mit Enteritis und Stämmen aus der Kontrollgruppe gefunden. In 285 Stuhlproben wurde Toxin B in vivo bestimmt. Es bestand auch hier kein signifikanter Unterschied in der Häufigkeit der Bildung von Toxin B zwischen beiden Gruppen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 3","pages":"Pages 441-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80014-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13641258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid detection of group B streptococci in vaginal swabs of parturients by Latex Particle Agglutination","authors":"Jörg E. Hoppe ,&nbsp;Christiane Lindenau,&nbsp;Wolfram Höfler","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80006-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80006-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Duplicate high vaginal swabs were obtained from 200 parturient women at Abeokuta (Nigeria). By culture on a selective agar twenty-two women (11%) were found to harbour group B streptococci. The second swab was subjected to a 45 min enzymatic extraction procedure and then tested in a latex agglutination test for group B streptococcal antigen (Wellcogen Strep B; Wellcome Diagnostics, Dartford, UK). The latex test permitted the detection of three out of 22 colonized women (overall sensitivity 13.6%). The sensitivity for detection of heavy colonization was 50% (three out of six women). It is concluded that the sensitivity of the method employed for rapid detection of group B streptococcal antigen in vaginal swabs is still unsatisfactory.</p></div><div><p>Doppelte hohe Vaginalabstriche wurden entnommen bei 200 vor der Geburt stehenden Frauen in Abeokuta (Nigeria). Durch Anzüchtung auf einem Selektivagar wurde Besiedelung mit Gruppe-B-Streptokokken bei 22 Frauen festgestellt (11%). Der zweite Tupfer wurde nach einer 45-minütigen enzymatischen Extraktionsbehandlung mit einem Latex-Agglutinationstest (Wellcogen Strep B; Wellcome Diagnostics, Dartford, Großbritannien) auf das Vorhandensein von Gruppe-B-Streptokokken-Antigen untersucht. Der Latex-Test war positiv bei drei von 22 besiedelten Frauen (Gesamtsensitivität 13,6%). Die Sensitivität für den Nachweis einer starken Besiedelung war 50% (drei von sechs Frauen). Aus den Ergebnissen wird gefolgert, daß die verwendete Methode zum Schnellnachweis von Gruppe-B-Streptokokken-Antigen in Vaginalabstrichen noch nicht ausreichend sensitiv ist.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 3","pages":"Pages 379-384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80006-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13790805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibodies against toxic shock syndrome toxin No. 1 (TSST-1) in Poland","authors":"Małgorzata Bulanda ,&nbsp;Gerhard Kunstmann ,&nbsp;Gottfried Mauff ,&nbsp;Marian Kurek ,&nbsp;Gerhard Pulverer ,&nbsp;Piotr B. Heczko","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80008-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80008-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A total of 174 sera from healthy Polish individuals of different age groups were tested for TSST-1 antibody by the micro-ELISA method. Over 90% of sera contained the antibody with titres equal to above 1:10², even in children and adolescents. The data suggest that the majority of the Polish population acquires TSST-1-antibody during early childhood, whereas a small portion of the population seems to remain anti-TSST-1-negative.</p></div><div><p>Eine Stichprobe von 174 Seren aus der polnischen Bevölkerung wurde im Mikro-ELISA auf das Vorhandensein von TSST-1 Antikörpern untersucht. Bei über 90% der Probanden einchließlich von Kindern und Jugendlichen fand sich ein Antikörpertiter von mindestens 1:10². Die Befunde berechtigen zu der Annahme, daß die überwiegende Mehrheit der Probanden TSST-1-Antikörper bereits in der frühen Kindheit erwirbt, während ein kleiner Anteil der Bevölkerung auch langfristig keine antitoxische Immunität zu erwerben scheint.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 3","pages":"Pages 396-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80008-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14063913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of neutrophil adherence to toxocara canis larvae by the C3 component of complement and IgG antibodies","authors":"Martin Huwer ,&nbsp;Sabine Sanft,&nbsp;Jabbar S. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80011-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80011-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, the binding of human neutrophils to <em>Toxocara canis</em> larvae was examined in vitro. It was found that IgG and/or the C₃ component of complement were able to enhance the attachment of the cells to the parasites. This was associated with the generation of strong chemiluminescence reactions.</p><p>Despite the binding of the cells, the larvae were able to escape and to maintain their infectivity. This was apparent, since the parasites could survive and migrate into different organs including the brain after having been inoculated into mice.</p></div><div><p>In-vitro-Untersuchungen zur Interaktion neutrophiler Granulozyten vom Menschen mit infektiösen Larven von <em>Toxocara canis</em> wurden durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse von Zellanlagerungs- und Immunfluoreszenztests zeigen, daß sowohl IgG, als auch die C₃-Komponente des Komplementsystems an der Zellaggregation am Parasiten beteiligt sind. Im Chemilumineszenztest war als Ausdruck der Aktivierung der phagozytischen Zellen eine ausgeprägte Reaktion zu beobachten. Trotz der starken Zellanlagerung überlebten die Larven und behielten ihre Infektiosität. Nach Inokulation in Mäuse wurden die Larven im Gehirn, sowie in verschiedenen anderen Organen gefunden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 3","pages":"Pages 418-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(89)80011-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14063914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Typing of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)","authors":"Wolfgang Witte ,&nbsp;Richard R. Marples ,&nbsp;Judith F. Richardson","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80143-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80143-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To discriminate between methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> from 5 nosocomial outbreaks and from sporadic nosocomial infections, the efficacy of a complex typing scheme by phage typing, biochemical typing, resistance phenotype, plasmid profiles, plasmid patterns and attribution of resistance determinants to the chromosome was studied. In addition to the International Basic Set and experimental phages 88–93,10 experimental phages from the Public Health Laboratory Service, Colindale, London, were used for phage-typing. The 10 experimental phages from PHLS in particular, in combination with plasmid profiles and plasmid patterns, were of special discriminative value.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 1","pages":"Pages 76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80143-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14197998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Chromogenic Assay for Direct Detection of Staphylocoagulase","authors":"Małgorzata Bulanda ,&nbsp;Zenon Weęgrzynowicz ,&nbsp;Marek Ciurak ,&nbsp;Janusz Kowalczyk ,&nbsp;Gotfryd Kupryszewski ,&nbsp;Maria Gruszka ,&nbsp;Piotr B. Heczko ,&nbsp;Gerhard Pulverer","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80147-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80147-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tube test for detection of staphylococcal coagulase, despite of many disadvantages, is commonly used in clinical microbiology for identification of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. In this paper a new chromogenic method for detection of the coagulase directly in staphylococcal cultures is described and evaluated on the basis of a comparison with the standard tube assay. The chromogenic assay appeared to be as sensitive as the tube test but results of the former one can be read in a few hours without any apparatus.</p></div><div><p>Trotz mancher Nachteile wird der Röhrchentest generell zum Nachweis der Staphylokokken-Koagulase in der medizinischen Mikrobiologie verwendet, um die Spezies <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> zu identifizieren. In vorliegender Arbeit wird eine neue chromogene Methode zum Nachweis der Koagulase direkt in der Staphylokokken-Kultur vorgestellt und mit dem Standard-Röhrchentest verglichen. Der chromogene Nachweistest erwies sich dem Standard-Röhrchentest als ebenbürtig, kann aber in wenigen Stunden ohne apparative Hilfe abgelesen werden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"270 1","pages":"Pages 115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80147-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14352357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron-microscopic observation of adherence of serotype c Streptococcus mutans to the enamel surface due to glucan synthesis","authors":"Toshihiko Koga ,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Toda ,&nbsp;Itaru Moro ,&nbsp;Shigeyuki Hamada","doi":"10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80071-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80071-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cellular adherence of three strains with water-insoluble glucan (IG)-synthesizing ability and a strain lacking the ability of serotype <em>c Streptococcus mutans</em> to the saliva-coated human enamel surface was examined by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron-microscopy. SEM revealed that organisms of all strains used adhered directly to the enamel surface in the absence of sucrose. Cell-to-cell attachment was scarcely observed in the absence of sucrose. Cell-to-cell attachmment <em>via</em> amorphous substance on the cell surface was observed by SEM when the strains with IG-synthesizing ability were incubated with the saliva-coated enamel in the presence of sucrose. TEM revealed that cell-associated enzymes of these strains synthesized filamentous and double-stranded fibrillar structures from sucrose. The strain lacking IG-synthesizing ability was unable to induce cell-to-cell attachment in the presence of sucrose, nor was it able to synthesize the amorphous substance. These results indicate that production of IG by cell-associated glucosyltransferase participates in cellular accumulation of serotype <em>c S. mutans</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101291,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology","volume":"269 4","pages":"Pages 492-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0176-6724(88)80071-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14352515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}