{"title":"Effect of carbon dioxide on fruiting in Aspergillus nidulans","authors":"Ben J.M. Zonneveld","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80037-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80037-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of carbon dioxide concentration on growth and sexual differentiation of <em>Aspergillus nidulans</em> was investigated. The activities of several enzymes of intermediary carbon metabolism were only slightly affected by removal of carbon dioxide. However, depending on the time and duration of a lowered carbon dioxide level, sexual differentiation was strongly inhibited, possibly through inhibition of α-1,3 glucan synthesis. If the cultures were deprived of carbon dioxide at the end of the growth phase, the activity of the developmentally regulated enzyme α-1,3 glucanase was very low and sexual differentiation was inhibited. Addition of carbon compounds to the medium in some cases alleviated the negative effect of lack of CO<sub>2</sub> on sexual differentiation. A concentration of carbon dioxide higher than the atmospheric concentration is important in <em>Aspergillus nidulans</em> for α-1,3 glucan metabolism and sexual differentiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 625-629"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80037-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91773530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H.A. Anderson, J.M. Bracewell, A.R. Fraser, D. Jones, G.W. Robertson, J.D. Russell
{"title":"5-Hydroxymaltol and mycophenolic acid, secondary metabolites from Penicillium echinulatum","authors":"H.A. Anderson, J.M. Bracewell, A.R. Fraser, D. Jones, G.W. Robertson, J.D. Russell","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80040-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80040-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Culture filtrates of <em>Penicillium echinulatum</em> contain a complex mixture of secondary metabolites. Among them, 5-hydroxymaltol and mycophenolic acid have been isolated. This is the first report of the former from fungi, and of the latter from <em>Penicillium echinulatum</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 649-651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80040-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90765920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new species of Stropharia from Southern Italy: Stropharia halophila sp. nov., characterized by DNA analysis and mating experiments","authors":"K.-D. Jahnke, P. Hoffmann, G. Pacioni","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80029-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80029-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The status of a <em>Stropharia</em> species (DSM 4018) collected in sand dunes in Southern Italy was determined by mating experiments with the morphologically very similar yellow form of <em>Stropharia rugosoannulata</em> (DSM 1663) and by DNA analysis of the two species. No interfertility was detected corresponding to a low DNA homology of 63%. DSM 4018 displayed the tetrapolar mating system. The GC content of the nuclear DNA was 43.2 ± 0.4 mol%. All data favour the proposition of a new species. <em>Stropharia halophila</em> sp. nov. is described as new and illustrated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 577-580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80029-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79871730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pattern of pore morphogenesis in the resupinate basidiome of Phellinus contiguus","authors":"Gillian M. Butler","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80044-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80044-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On malt agar in Petri dishes in the light, basidiome development of the resupinate polypore <em>Phellinus contiguus</em> proceeded centrifugally after a minimum but variable colony diameter had been attained. Dissepiments were initiated as more or less separate islands of aerial hyphae approximately 3 mm behind the mostly submerged mycelial margin. Localized aerial fascicles of apically-extending hyphae grew from these island initials both horizontally, where they coalesced with fascicles from adjacent initials and delimited pores, and vertically, resulting in lengthening of dissepiments. On dilute (0.2%) malt agar and towards the edge of dishes containing more concentrated malt agar, initials tended to fail to unite laterally and grow as vertical spines. Horizontal growth of branching and interconnecting aerial fascicles also occurred at the margins of more mature poroid basidiome patches, increasing the poroid area. Time lapse studies of development from widely spaced initials transferred to fresh medium weekly showed that on 0.2% malt agar, areas with basidia and lacking extending aerial hyphae remained as the bases of developing primary tubes. On 2 % malt agar secondary tubes were formed at a later stage by differential vertical growth within dissepiment areas. Where groups of initials were removed poroid basidiome tissue was regenerated mainly by lateral fascicle development from the surrounding basidiome tissue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 677-686"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80044-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85549702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tapesia yallundae-the teleomorph of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides","authors":"H. Wallwork, B. Spooner","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80050-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80050-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"703-705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75647157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tuber himalayense sp. nov. with notes on Himalayan truffles","authors":"B.C. Zhang , D.W. Minter","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80032-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80032-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Type material and other specimens of <em>Tuber indicum</em> (Ascomycotina, Pezizales), a species associated with <em>Quercus incana</em> in the north-west Himalaya, were studied using light and scanning electron microscopes. An emended circumscription of <em>T. indicum</em> is offered and <em>Tuber himalayense</em> sp. nov. is proposed. Both species are fully described and illustrated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 593-597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80032-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76775657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polysaccharide cytochemistry in maturing Aspergillus flavus sclerotia","authors":"Dubravka Bojović-Cvetić, Radmila Vujičić","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80036-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80036-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polysaccharide content and the dynamics of its accumulation was studied during sclerotial growth and differentiation in <em>Aspergillus flavus</em>. Using cytochemical methods and enzymic digestion with α-amylase on ultrathin sections, it was confirmed that glycogen represented the main polysaccharide storage material. During sclerotial development glycogen progressively accumulated in the cytoplasm in the form of α- and β-particles, while in the vacuolar system it appeared only as β-particles. In mature sclerotia most of the glycogen was found in the cytoplasmic rather than the vacuolar form and it is therefore suggested that the cytoplasmic form of glycogen is the main storage polysaccharide accumulated for survival and germination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 619-624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80036-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91773533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of the paramorphogens, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose, glucosamine and l-sorbose, on growth and morphology of Botrytis fabae","authors":"Olufisayo A. Jejelowo, Anthony P.J. Trinci","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80041-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80041-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paramorphogens, 3-<em>O</em>-methyl-<span>d</span>-glucose, glucosamine and <span>l</span>-sorbose induced reversible morphological changes (increase in hyphal branching and the formation of dense, slowly expanding colonies) in Botrytis fabae. 3-<em>O</em>-methyl-<span>d</span>-glucose was not used as a carbon source for growth by <em>B. fabae</em>, even following growth on glucose. Glucosamine was not used for growth when it was the sole carbon source in the medium, but diauxic growth was observed when <em>B. fabae</em> was cultured on a mixture of glucose and glucosamine. By contrast, <span>l</span>-sorbose was used for growth by <em>B. fabae</em> even when it was the sole carbon source in the medium. The three paramorphogens did not affect the specific growth rate or yield coefficient of <em>B. fabae</em> cultured on 5 mM glucose, and therefore cannot be regarded as inhibitors of fungal growth.</p><p>All the paramorphogens reduced hyphal compartment length, hyphal growth unit length and colony radial growth rate, and significant correlations were observed between intercalary compartment length and hyphal growth unit length, and between hyphal growth unit length and colony radial growth rate. The results show that hyphal branch frequency is an important determinant of peripheral growth zone width and hence of colony radial growth rate. The effects of the paramorphogens on mycelial morphology (a) were reversed by increasing the glucose concentration in the medium, (b) were not dependent upon glucose exhaustion, and (c) could not be explained in terms of a reduction in the water activity of the medium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 653-660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80041-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91773535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two new species of Alboleptonia (Agaricales, Entolomataceae) from Southern India","authors":"P. Manimohan, K.M. Leelavathy","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80053-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80053-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Alboleptonia graveolens</em> sp. nov. and <em>A. aurantia</em> sp. nov. are described and illustrated based on southern Indian collections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 710-712"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80053-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91773541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Marasmius titanosporus, a new species from the Eastern Cape, South Africa","authors":"Derek A. Reid, A. Jacot Guillarmod","doi":"10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80052-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80052-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Marasmius titanosporus</em> sp.nov., characterized by basidiospores up to 36 μm long, is described from S. Africa and compared with collections named as <em>M. zenkeri</em> from elsewhere in the African continent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101257,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society","volume":"91 4","pages":"Pages 707-709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80052-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91773542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}