The Microbe最新文献

{"title":"The role of antimicrobial peptides in overcoming antibiotic resistance","authors":"Mushtaq Ali ,&nbsp;Akansha Garg ,&nbsp;Alok Srivastava ,&nbsp;Pankaj Kumar Arora","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a critical global health challenge, rendering many conventional treatments ineffective and escalating the threat of untreatable infections. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), naturally occurring molecules found in a wide range of organisms, present a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics. AMPs exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial activity and unique mechanisms of action, primarily targeting bacterial membranes, which significantly reduces the likelihood of resistance development. Beyond their direct bactericidal effects, AMPs can disrupt biofilms, enhance immune responses, and exhibit synergistic effects when combined with existing antibiotics. Despite their immense potential, challenges such as enzymatic degradation, cytotoxicity, and high production costs limit their clinical application. Recent advances in bioengineering and delivery systems have focused on overcoming these hurdles, enhancing AMPs stability, efficacy, and specificity. This review explores the role of AMPs in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria, highlighting their mechanisms, advantages, challenges, and emerging innovations in their development and application. AMPs offer a beacon of hope in the fight against drug-resistant pathogens, potentially revolutionizing the future of antimicrobial therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Hepatitis B pseudovirus system for safe and effective antiviral drug screening","authors":"Manasi Haval ,&nbsp;Su Li ,&nbsp;Guofang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a type of hepatic malignancy, is strongly linked to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HBV infection commonly advances asymptomatically for months; symptom onset may include nausea, fever, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, and anorexia. Existing therapies aim to alleviate symptoms, but no definitive cure exists. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic infection, increasing the risk of HCC. Due to these risks, the infectivity of HBV-positive blood presents biosafety challenges for laboratory research on the virus. To address this, we seek to establish a refined HBV pseudovirus system using lentiviral backbone and utilizing an HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) plasmid, and the development of a NTCP-HepG2 cell line. The infectivity was measured using flow cytometry. This pseudo virus provides a non-infectious cell line for investigating HBV cellular uptake, surface receptor interactions, and prospective antiviral targets. By eliminating uncontrolled replication, our model enhances both research feasibility and laboratory safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of pus aspirate in chronic suppurative otitis media patients","authors":"Muhammad Arshad ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hasan Ashfaq ,&nbsp;Nida Riaz ,&nbsp;Abdur Rehman ,&nbsp;Shahzaib Maqbool ,&nbsp;Anique Ahmed Jamil ,&nbsp;Abdulqadir J. Nashwan","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a persistent inflammatory condition associated with chronic ear discharge. Pus aspirate from CSOM is a useful diagnostic material that provides information about the middle ear's microbiological landscape and directs treatment approaches based on patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility. This study aims to analyze the bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in CSOM patients.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 CSOM patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi. The pus aspirates of each patient were collected and sent to the laboratory using standard techniques, and the antimicrobial susceptibility test results were obtained from the medical record. Analysis was conducted using SPSS V. 26; a p-value &lt; 0.05 was taken as significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most of the patients were male (56.4 %). Out of 220 patients, 116 (52.7 %) samples showed bacterial isolates, and the rest showed no growth. <em>Pseudomonas</em> (30.9 %) was the most common isolate, followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>) (14.5 %), <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) (4.5 %), and <em>Klebsiella</em> (2.7 %). <em>Pseudomonas</em> was less susceptible to most of the antibiotics with 100 % sensitivity towards tazobactam/piperacillin. The sensitivity of <em>S. aureus</em> to clarithromycin was 73.3 %, and moxifloxacin was the least susceptible (56.2 %). However, amoxicillin/clavulanate, methicillin, ceftriaxone, meropenem, vancomycin, and doxycycline were 100 % susceptible.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>Pseudomonas</em> is the predominant bacterial isolate in patients with CSOM, exhibiting significant resistance to commonly used antibiotics. The findings highlight the pressing need for routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing to guide effective treatment strategies and address the emerging threat of multidrug-resistant organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti bacterial efficacy of photo catalytic active titanium di oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles synthesized via green science principles against food spoilage pathogenic bacteria","authors":"L.F.A. Anand Raj ,&nbsp;A. Annushrie ,&nbsp;S. Karthick Raja Namasivayam","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green synthesis of nanoparticles is becoming one of the robust techniques, which may be suitable alternatives for chemical and physical methods. In the present research work, anti bacterial activity of green synthesized titanium di oxide (TiO₂) nanoaparticles was screened against bacterial strains against food spoilage pathogenic bacterial strains <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> isolated from spoiled canned foods was studied followed by investigating anti oxidant and photocatalytic activity. Nanoparticles were fabricated from <em>Talinum fruticosum</em> leaf extract as the reducing agent. The green synthesized TiO2 NPs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). FTIR spectrum confirmed the involvement of alkynes, alkanes, flavonoids and secondary alcohols in the capping and reduction of TiO2 NPs while XRD characterized the crystallographic nature of the TiO₂ with a crystallite size 13.36, it also confirmed the presence of anatase and rutile forms of TiO₂. Size of TiO2 NPs was in the range of 3–12 nm and EDX showed a strong TiO2 signal. Anti bacterial study revealed that both the bacterial strains were susceptible to the synthesized nanoparticles as dose dependent manner. The photocatalytic activity was observed to be higher at lower concentration of TiO₂ NPs’ and with minimum exposure to UV. The TiO₂ also showed anti-inflmmatory property as the protein degradation inhibition capacity was observed to be high. The present study implies that the presently proposed TiO2 nanoparticles can be used as an effective anti bacterial agent against food spoilage pathogens with photocatalytic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro antimicrobial activity of Amburana cearensis resin against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from caprine mastitis","authors":"Dailli Ingrid de Brito Lima ,&nbsp;Nayara Andreo ,&nbsp;Priscila Izidro de Figueirêdo ,&nbsp;José Gledyson da Silva ,&nbsp;Mariana de Barros ,&nbsp;Junnia Luísa Pena ,&nbsp;Renata de Faria Silva Souza ,&nbsp;Tania Maria Sarmento da Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo Moreira ,&nbsp;Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim with the study was to evaluate the <em>in vitro</em> potential of <em>Amburana cearensis</em> resin for the treatment of caprine mastitis caused by <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. It was tested the resin antimicrobial activity, anti-biofilm and synergism. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) were used to evaluate the resin’s interference with the adhesion and invasion of the isolates and the resin cytotoxic effect. The resin showed antibacterial activity (195.3 μg/mL to 1562.5 μg mL), interfering with biofilm formation and with the mature structure. Synergism of the resin with oxacillin in the MRSA (methicillin resistant) isolate reduced the bactericidal concentration of the antibiotic. Significant reductions (p &lt; 0.01) in adhesion and invasion of the isolates were observed. Also, there was a small reduction in cell viability, with 195.3 μg / mL representing the best minimum inhibitory concentration of the resin, reducing only 1.4 % of MAC-T viability. The results showed that the <em>A. cearensis</em> resin represents a possible alternative for use as an antimicrobial herbal medicine. <em>A. cearensis</em> resin highlights the potential of natural products in veterinary infections, which can contribute to reducing selection pressure in bacterial pathogens and also directly impact human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current trends in diagnostics, biomarker identification, and drug discovery targeting Monkeypox (Mpox)","authors":"Pervej Alom Barbhuiya ,&nbsp;Moksood Ahmed Laskar ,&nbsp;Smitakshi Talukdar ,&nbsp;Punam Kumari ,&nbsp;Manash Pratim Pathak","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The monkeypox virus is the cause of the zoonotic disease known as monkeypox (Mpox), which has recently become widely prevalent and attracted interest from across the world. Two main viral clades cause mpox: Clade I, which was previously known as the Central African clade, and Clade II, which was once known as the West African clade and contains the subclades IIa and IIb. The review focuses on antiviral treatments that target several stages of the viral lifecycle, including invasion, replication, and assembly. It attempts to elucidate the significant biomarkers, diagnostic methodologies, and Mpox drug development. The biology of mpox demonstrates its distinct features: it is a big, enveloped DNA virus that multiplies in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Different routes of transmission, including as respiratory droplets and direct contact with lesions, are involved in the pathophysiology of Mpox. Fever, lymphadenopathy, and rash are the first signs, which develop into papules, vesicles, and pustules. In addition to newly developed options like KAY-2–41 for resistant strains, established antiviral medications like cidofovir and its derivative brincidofovir are being investigated. MVA BN is a newly developed vaccine approved by WHO for use against Mpox virus and is reported to be approx. 80 % effective. Future research should focus on these areas, along with a better understanding of Mpox virus-host interactions. Comprehensive, long-term strategies, including vaccination, robust surveillance, and continued innovation in therapeutic options, will be essential to control Mpox outbreaks and mitigate future health risks. This thorough analysis emphasizes the critical need for ongoing monitoring, improved diagnosis techniques, and creative treatment approaches to lessen the effects of a potential Mpox outbreak</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-infection of pulmonary tuberculosis with fungal pathogens in patients with lower respiratory tract infections referred to St. Peter's Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A prospective cross-sectional study","authors":"Zenawit Lakew ,&nbsp;Solomon Bati ,&nbsp;Mesele Admassie ,&nbsp;Adane Bitew","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>TB is still a problem worldwide despite efforts to eradicate it, and co-infection with fungal diseases presents a serious risk.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To ascertain the frequency and causes of TB fungal co-infection and tuberculosis in individuals with lower respiratory tract infection symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A prospective hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at the study site through November 2023 and May 2024. From 530 study participants, sputum samples were obtained. Using a GeneXpert equipment, a portion of the sputum was used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The remaining sample was grown, and the fungal isolates were identified using conventional microbiological techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>530 sputum samples in all were gathered, and the samples were tested for lower respiratory tract infections. Males were slightly less than females and middle-aged to elderly study subjects were dominant. Forty-seven (7.9 %) samples were Gene Xpert positive and 189 (36.7 %) samples were fungal culture positive. Of 42 Gene Xpert-positive patients 23(4.3 %) were infected with TB only and 19(3.9 %) patients were TB co-infected with fungal pathogens. Cough was the most common sign and symptom accounting for 99.2 %. Among chest radiograph abnormalities 45(8.5 %%) patients had cavity lesions. Different chest radiograph classifications showed different distributions of the organisms found in sputum (p &lt; 0.001). About 21 (4.0 %) study subjects were with diabetes where 12 were with fungal infection, 2 were TB co-infected with fungal pathogens.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Of the 42 Xpert-positive patients with respiratory infection symptoms who were tested for TB and fungal pathogens, 23 (4.3 %) had tuberculosis exclusively, and 19 (3.9 %) had co-infections of TB and fungal pathogens. Among fungal isolates, 183 (75.9 %) were yeasts while 58 (24.1 %) isolates were molds. Among fungal isolates, 183 (75.9 %) were yeasts while 58 (24.1 %) isolates were molds. Fungal pathogen screening should be done concurrently with tuberculosis screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Buro: Genomics and assays revealed the probiotic and antifungal traits of Limosilactobacillus fermentum from Philippine burong isda (fermented fish)","authors":"Joshua T. Veluz ,&nbsp;Paul Christian T. Gloria ,&nbsp;Maria Auxilia T. Siringan ,&nbsp;Irineo J. Dogma Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the Philippines, fermented foods are recognized as rich sources of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with potential probiotic properties. However, traditional research methods often overlook the advantages offered by genome-based techniques. This study addresses this gap by applying genomics and performing <em>in vitro</em> assays to investigate the probiotic potential of <em>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</em> BIL20 and BIL24, isolated from burong isda, a traditional fermented fish product from Arayat, Pampanga. The BIL genomes revealed a single AMR gene, <em>vanTG</em>, with no nearby integration or excision mobile genetic elements, no plasmids, and no resistance to 85 antibiotics, suggesting minimal virulence potential. Genes associated with probiotic traits—including acid and bile salt resistance, cell aggregation and adhesion, antipathogenic activity, immunomodulation, and vitamin biosynthesis—were identified. Furthermore, 15 families of carbohydrate-active enzymes, under glycoside hydrolases and glycosyltransferases, were predicted in both genomes. The isolates exhibited growth across a range of pH levels (4, 5, 7, and 9) and bile salt concentrations (0.3–1.5 %). Metabolites extracted from the BIL cultures inhibited the growth of clinically relevant pathogens, such as <em>Candida albicans</em> and <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em>. Notably, the antifungal cyclic dipeptide cyclo(leucylprolyl) was identified in the metabolome of the BIL extracts. This study contributes to the limited body of literature from the Philippines that applies genomics and conducts probiotic assays on fermented food-derived LAB isolates, which effectively reveals their promising probiotic characteristics and potential health benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-inspired optimized valorization of agrowastes by Vagococcus fluvialis FL1 for alkaline protease production and biotechnological application","authors":"V.A. Ajayi,&nbsp;A. Lateef","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biotechnological potential of agro-industrial wastes for microbial enzyme production is gaining significant attention due to cost-effectiveness, sustainability and advances in circular bioeconomy. This study highlights the potential of <em>Vagococcus fluvialis</em> FL (QR884243.1), an indigenous proteolytic bacterium isolated from a chicken feather dump site for sustainable protease production in agrowaste-based media for the first time. Melon seed shell (MS), groundnut shell (GS), and groundnut peel (GP) were effectively valorized to produce proteases having titers of 31.60–45.65 U/ml. By using Taguchi design with the inclusion of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), enzyme yield was optimized, achieving 3.47–6.08-fold increase. The ZnONPs having sizes of 9.09–22.02 nm was biosynthesized using aqueous stem bark extract of <em>Cassia fistula.</em> MS emerged as the most efficient substrate, with optimal parameters of inoculum size (2.5 %), fermentation time (96 h), MS concentration (25 g/l), initial pH (12), and ZnONPs concentration (5 µg/ml), leading to a protease yield of 277.50 U/ml. The thermostable and alkaline protease demonstrated promising biomedical and industrial applications, including effective blood stain removal, compatibility with commercial detergents, and moderate thrombolytic activity. This study underscores the dual benefits of valorizing agrowastes while advancing protease production technologies with novel ZnONPs supplementation, paving the way for sustainable industrial applications. Furthermore, the approach aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) by fostering increased enzyme production, and promoting industrial innovation for economic growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole genome sequence analysis of Microsporum canis: A study based on animal strains isolated from India","authors":"Sonu S. Nair ,&nbsp;Prasad Thomas ,&nbsp;Mostafa Y. Abdel-Glil ,&nbsp;Sudhir Kumar Prajapati ,&nbsp;Athira V ,&nbsp;Lokeswari Reddi ,&nbsp;Bablu Kumar ,&nbsp;G. Saikumar ,&nbsp;Premanshu Dandapat ,&nbsp;Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy ,&nbsp;Abhishek","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The zoophilic <em>Microsporum canis</em> is mainly associated with skin disease in dogs and cats, though increased occurrence in humans has been reported recently. Genome-based comparison of isolates from different host origins shall provide deeper insights into disease epidemiology and zoonotic transmission. However, whole genome sequence data of <em>M. canis</em> isolates, especially of animal origin, are scarce. Considering these facts, whole genome sequencing (WGS) of <em>M. canis</em> isolates of canine (B12–45A) and feline (B12–36A) origins from India was carried out. Both the strains revealed a genome size of ∼22.8 Mb and GC content of ∼47.4 %. A total of 158 protein-coding genes were predicted as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). Further, comparative genome analysis envisaged the identification of average nucleotide identity (ANI), mash distance, and core SNP-based analysis involving 8 <em>Microsporum</em> isolates. Based on ANI and mash distance, the <em>M. canis</em> strains of the human (n = 4) and animal (n = 2) origins clustered together, distinct from the other two species. Within the <em>M. canis</em> cluster, the two animal-origin strains exhibited close relatedness (ANI value &gt; 99.9) to two human strains (CBS_113480 and BMU_10802). The other two human strains were represented as outliers with lower ANI values. Similarly, lower pairwise SNP distance between animal and some human invasive strains indicates the possibility of diverse genotypes within <em>M. canis</em>, of which some may have high zoonotic potential. Further, the genomic and phylogenetic insights derived from the study may be applied in further epidemiological studies and for devising strategies for the development of effective therapeutics targeting their secretomes, especially the CAZymes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}