Superconductivity最新文献

{"title":"The superconducting magnet development for the next generation ECR ion source on LEAF","authors":"Liangting Sun ,&nbsp;Wei Wu ,&nbsp;Beimin Wu ,&nbsp;Yuquan Chen ,&nbsp;Li Zhu ,&nbsp;Xianjin Ou ,&nbsp;Shijun Zheng ,&nbsp;Enmin Mei ,&nbsp;Mingzhi Guan ,&nbsp;Canjie Xin ,&nbsp;Xudong Wang ,&nbsp;W. Lu ,&nbsp;L.X. Li ,&nbsp;W.H. Zhang ,&nbsp;B. Li ,&nbsp;Wenhui Ren ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2025.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2025.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In December 2024, the world first stand-alone Low Energy high intensity heave ion Accelerator Facility (LEAF) has been commissioned to its design performance and passed the acceptance test conducted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. LEAF is designed and built by the Institute of Modern Physics, CAS, which is aiming to provide unprecedent ion beam conditions for the researches of nuclear astrophysics, atomic physics, nuclear materials and so on. To realize this goal, it is essential to develop an ECR (Electron Cyclotron Resonance) ion source beyond the performance of the state-of-the-art machines. This ECR ion source is called FECR (First 4th generation ECR ion source) designed to be operated with the plasma heated by 45 GHz microwave frequency that needs high magnetic field confinement. Therefore, with FECR Nb₃Sn superconducting technology was incorporated to ECR ion source for the first time in the world. FECR features Nb₃Sn solenoids and NbTi sextupole coils that enables its high performing operation at 45 + 28 GHz microwave heating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of superconductivity and corresponding electronic structure in pressurized Nb3Sn","authors":"Wenxuan Chen ,&nbsp;Xintian Chen ,&nbsp;Yangfan Gao ,&nbsp;Yazhou Zhou ,&nbsp;Shu Cai ,&nbsp;Jinyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Ke Yang ,&nbsp;Aiguo Li ,&nbsp;Sheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Qi Wu ,&nbsp;Defang Duan ,&nbsp;Jing Guo ,&nbsp;Liling Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2025.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2025.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The studies on superconductors under extreme conditions offer valuable insights for assessing their potential in new applications. Nb₃Sn, an intermetallic alloy with an A15 structure, is a key commercial superconductor known for its high critical current and magnetic field tolerance. Here, we systematically investigated the physical properties of Nb₃Sn under high pressures. Our findings reveal that superconductivity in Nb₃Sn remains robust up to <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>142 GPa, demonstrating remarkable stability despite a gradual suppression of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> with increasing pressure. First-principles calculations indicate that the pressure-dependent superconducting behavior is primarily driven by variations in the density of states of Nb’s d-electrons, particularly contributions from the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>−</mo><msup><mrow><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></msub></math></span> orbitals. Furthermore, we predict the potential for synthesizing Nb₃Sn films and demonstrate that biaxial strain induced by suitable substrates can preserve their superconducting properties. This comprehensive study not only enhances our understanding of Nb₃Sn’s superconducting mechanism under high pressure but also opens new avenues for its application in advanced superconducting technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and electromagnetic characteristics of MgB2 wires & Cable-in-Conduit Conductors for fusion magnet application","authors":"Peng Gao ,&nbsp;Jiahao Wan ,&nbsp;Yishan Chen ,&nbsp;Hongjun Ma ,&nbsp;Weijun Wang ,&nbsp;Xintao Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Dai ,&nbsp;Tianli Dai ,&nbsp;Yu Min ,&nbsp;Arend Nijhuis ,&nbsp;Matt Rindfleisch ,&nbsp;Mike Tomsic ,&nbsp;Huan Jin ,&nbsp;Huajun Liu ,&nbsp;Liu Fang ,&nbsp;Jinggang Qin ,&nbsp;Chao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2025.100155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2025.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A study on a 4-stage sub-size MgB ₂ Cable-in-Conduit Conductor (CICC), tested at the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), revealed a 20% degradation in critical current at 4.2 K compared to single-strand data. To address this issue, the mechanical properties of MgB ₂ wires from Hyper Tech and WST were investigated, and two sub-size CICCs were manufactured using a “close-to-1-ratio” Twente design with smaller diameter wires. These cables demonstrated no significant degradation in critical current after cabling and compaction, nor after electromagnetic load cycling. The results indicate that the close-to-1-ratio cable design is optimal for brittle superconducting materials such as MgB ₂, Nb₃Sn, and BSCCO, as it minimizes mechanical stress and preserves superconducting properties. This design shows significant potential for the application of MgB ₂ in next-generation fusion reactors, particularly in Poloidal Field (PF) coils, Correction Coils (CC), and feeders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2025.100150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2025.100150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy ion irradiation effects on the high-frequency properties of YBCO and Nb3Sn thin films","authors":"Gianluca Ghigo ,&nbsp;Michela Fracasso ,&nbsp;Roberto Gerbaldo ,&nbsp;Daniele Torsello ,&nbsp;Dorothea Fonnesu ,&nbsp;Matteo Fretto ,&nbsp;Cristian Pira ,&nbsp;Natascia De Leo ,&nbsp;Laura Gozzelino","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-energy heavy-ion irradiation is known to produce effective vortex pinning centers in the high-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> cuprate superconductors, as amorphous columnar tracks. However, while the beneficial effects on pinning has been well established through dc and low-frequency characterizations, the same analysis in the high-frequency regime is far from complete. Even less investigated are the effects of heavy ion irradiation on the microwave properties of metallic low-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> superconducting films. Here, we report on the effects of 1.15 GeV Pb irradiation on the high frequency properties of YBa<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Cu<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> (YBCO) and Nb<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Sn thin films. The microwave analysis, performed in the range 7-8 GHz, allows obtaining the fundamental properties of both the materials, as the London penetration depth and gap values, and of the main pinning parameters, through the determination of the Campbell length by measurements in dc magnetic fields up to 4 T. GeV heavy-ion irradiation confirmed to be extremely effective for YBCO also in the high frequency regime, enhancing both the pinning constant and the depinning frequency, thus pushing the critical current density to about 30% of the depairing current density. On the other hand, the discontinuous but correlated defects produced in Nb<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Sn was found to be ineffective to enhance the pinning properties (the pinning constant in fact decreases), while the observed increment of the depinning frequency is ascribed to the reduction of the vortex viscosity, in turn due to the growth of the normal state resistivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and construction of magnet system for world’s first full high temperature superconducting tokamak","authors":"Z.Y. Li ,&nbsp;Z.C. Pan ,&nbsp;Q.J. Zhang ,&nbsp;K.P. Zhu ,&nbsp;C. Zhang ,&nbsp;Z.W. Zhang ,&nbsp;G. Dong ,&nbsp;Y.M. Ye ,&nbsp;Z. Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In June 2024, the world’s first full high temperature superconducting (HTS) tokamak has successfully achieved its first plasma operation in Shanghai, China <span><span>[1]</span></span>. This tokamak device, HH70, is designed by Energy Singularity Fusion Power Technology (Shanghai) Ltd. (ES Company) in Shanghai, China. The conceptual and engineering design of HH70 was initiated in June 2022, whose major radius (R₀) and minor radius (a) are 0.7–0.75 m and 0.25–0.31 m, respectively. Its toroidal magnetic field B₀ at R₀ = 0.7 m is 0.6 T, the total inductance of the toroidal field (TF) magnet are 6.48 H. Over the past two years, ES company has achieved the first milestone: successfully design, construct and operate an HTS tokamak, and has amassed experience and know-how about such a first-of-its-kind HTS device. The HH70 tokamak’s magnet system consists of three types of coils: central solenoid (CS) coil, poloidal field (PF) coil, and toroidal field (TF) coil, in which all of the coils are fabricated by HTS conductors. Hence, the HH70 is currently the first tokamak in the world to be fully integrated with HTS coils, marking a groundbreaking advancement in fusion technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thickness dependence of the second magnetization peak effect in Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 single crystals","authors":"Yu-Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Xie ,&nbsp;Hai-Hu Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The second magnetization peak (SMP) effect has been observed widely in many type-II superconductors, but the reason remains elusive. This effect manifests an enhanced critical current density with magnetic field and should be very useful for applications. By measuring the magnetization of optimally doped Ba_0.6K_0.4Fe₂As₂ single crystals with different thickness, it is found the SMP effect exists in thick samples and gradually becomes invisible when the sample thickness is reduced to the scale of micrometer. Detailed investigation on the vortex dynamics on samples with different thickness clearly show that there is a common behavior of vortex dynamics in the low field region, which may be characterized by the Bragg glass like elastic vortex motion. This feature holds on in the whole field region for the thin samples, while it turns into the SMP effect for thicker samples when the field is increased. The results suggest that the SMP effect may be induced by the entanglement of the vortex system, and the absence of the SMP effect in thin samples is attributed to the cutoff of the entangled vortex length along c-axis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and initial test results of a space-bound flux pump to energize the Hēki mission’s superconducting magnet","authors":"B.P.P. Mallett ,&nbsp;J. Clarke ,&nbsp;T. Endo ,&nbsp;M. Goddard-Winchester ,&nbsp;C. Shellard ,&nbsp;J. Olatunji ,&nbsp;R.A. Badcock ,&nbsp;R. Pollock","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite repeated proposals to utilize superconducting magnets in space since at least the 1970s, examples of their use remain scant. One of the technical challenges is to maintain suitable cryogenic temperatures on a spacecraft. This challenge can be alleviated by the use of flux pumps to reduce the required cryogenic cooling power needed to energize the superconducting magnet. This paper describes the design and initial test results of the flux pump to fulfill the requirements of the Hēki mission that will operate a high-temperature superconducting magnet on an external platform of the International Space Station. A transformer-based, self-rectifier architecture was chosen for the flux pump. An effective circuit model used to design its electromagnetic properties and finite-element modelling used in its mechanical and thermal design. Liquid nitrogen tests were used to demonstrate that the electrical performance of the flux pump meets requirements. Higher-fidelity tests using flight-like copies of the hardware and software were undertaken and validated the thermal modelling. These tests also featured the continuous operation of the flux pump in a conduction-cooled setting for over 100 h, reflecting an inherent reliability of this technology. Whilst further testing and flight qualification remains to be completed, we anticipate an on-orbit demonstration of this flux pump technology in April 2025. Such a demonstration will signal a maturing of this emerging superconducting technology for both in-space and terrestrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hēki: A superconducting magnet for space propulsion on the International space Station – Pathfinder design and experimental thermal testing","authors":"Jamal Olatunji ,&nbsp;Nicholas Strickland ,&nbsp;Max Goddard-Winchester ,&nbsp;Benjamin Mallett ,&nbsp;Celine Jane ,&nbsp;Cameron Shellard ,&nbsp;Emile Webster ,&nbsp;Betina Pavri ,&nbsp;Avinash Rao ,&nbsp;Randy Pollock","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic (AF-MPD) thrusters are a high-power electric propulsion solution for satellites and spacecraft, offering high efficiency, high specific impulse and high thrust density.</div><div>The integration of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) electromagnets energised with flux pumps as the applied field module can significantly reduce the mass, power and volume of AF-MPD thrusters, making their deployment as practical spacecraft propulsion systems more feasible. To validate HTS magnet and flux pump technology, a New Zealand team led by the Paihau-Robinson Research Institute is collaborating with Nanoracks LLC to send an HTS magnet to the International Space Station (ISS). Dubbed the “Hēki Mission”, an HTS magnet and flux pump will be installed on the Nanoracks External Platform (NREP) for an in-space technology demonstration. This aims to gain space heritage for HTS magnets and flux pumps for the first time, a crucial step toward practical application and commercialisation of HTS-powered thrusters in space.</div><div>This paper details the preliminary design of the Hēki mission payload. An extension of work presented at the European Applied Superconductivity Conference in 2023, we provide more detail on the electromagnetic and thermal design of the “pathfinder” Hēki magnet, our first attempt at designing a realistic space payload that meets stringent size, weight and power requirements typical of a small satellite. Through the development of finite element models, we detail the electromagnetic design of the HTS magnet which features a large warm bore to accommodate future integration with a realistically sized AF-MPD thruster, and detail the design philosophy and mass optimisation tools developed to achieve a central field of 0.5 T while simultaneously magnetically shielding the magnet to comply with ISS safety requirements. We also detail the conduction cooled thermal design of the pathfinder Hēki magnet, showing how magnet temperatures below 75 K can be achieved with a cryogenic cooling system that consumes less than 100 W of electrical power. These thermal models were compared with thermal experiments in a simulated space environment for model validation purposes. Difficult to measure input variables such as the contact resistance between surfaces and the effective emissivity of the thermal radiation shielding were empirically determined to improve model predictive power.</div><div>Scheduled for launch in the first quarter of 2025, the Hēki pathfinder design outlined in this paper serves as a pivotal preliminary effort that has identified the major risks potentially impacting mission success. Consequently, this body of work represents a significant step forward in developing a flight-qualified system capable of achieving our space mission objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quench behaviors of parallel-wound no-insulation high temperature superconductor coils","authors":"Yutong Fu ,&nbsp;Guangtong Ma ,&nbsp;Fangliang Dong ,&nbsp;Yawei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>No-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil wound with parallel-stacked tapes emerges as a prospective choice for high-field fusion magnets owing to lower inductance and faster ramping rate. The parallel stacked-tape structure leads to new current redistribution among stacked tapes in each turn during local quenches, which also considerably changes the current redistribution behavior through inter-turn contacts. Therefore, quench behaviors of parallel-wound no-insulation (PWNI) coil should differ from its counterpart wound with single tape, which are still unknown. This study is to illustrate quench behaviors of PWNI HTS coils induced by local hot spot. A multi-physics model integrating an equivalent circuit network, a FEM heat transfer module, and a FEM <strong><em>T-A</em></strong> model is developed to analyze the electromagnetic and thermal characteristics of PWNI HTS coils during quench. Results show that the transport currents are mainly redistributed among parallel-stacked tapes through terminal resistances when a local hot spot happens on one tape, while being less dependent on turn-to-turn electrical contacts. It leads to a coupling current within PWNI coils that is not present in NI coils wound with single tape (single-wound no-insulation (SWNI) coil), resulting in a highly non-uniform transport current distribution among parallel-wound tapes. The reduced terminal joint resistances further enhance the coupling current, potentially leading to an extra overcurrent quench risk in PWNI coils. Moreover, the current redistribution between parallel-stacked tapes inhibits the turn-to-turn current redistribution in the PWNI coil, thus significantly reducing its magnetic field degradation under a high heat disturbance, which can be almost less than half of the SWNI counterpart in this study. These results offer important theoretical guidance to safety operation and robustness improvement of high-field HTS magnets wound by PWNI technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101185,"journal":{"name":"Superconductivity","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}