Next Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Graphene quantum dots: Synthesis, applications, and future directions in bioimaging and cancer therapy","authors":"Rashmi Trivedi ,&nbsp;Divya Malode ,&nbsp;Milind Umekar ,&nbsp;Supriya Shidhaye ,&nbsp;Ruchi Khobragade ,&nbsp;Neha Raut","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene Quantum Dots (GQD) has been extensively used because of its unique electronic, chemical, and photoluminescent properties, which are derived from graphene. They are classified as zero-dimensional nanomaterials. This review article discusses the synthesis strategies of GQDs, which can be broadly categorized into top-down and bottom-up methods including Electrochemical oxidation, Hydrothermal, Chemical oxidation, and Ultrasound-assisted as top-down method and Microwave, Carbonization, Electron beam irradiation, Stepwise organic synthesis as bottom-down method. Every method offers various advantages, such as convenience, scalability, and flexibility to adjust the size and surface features of the quantum dots, altering their bioactivity and functionalization potential. These features make GQDs a suitable platform for various biomedical applications, including bioimaging and cancer therapy. In bioimaging, Graphene quantum dots excel in bio-imaging due to their biocompatibility, photostability, and tunable luminescence, offering deep tissue penetration and applications in fluorescence imaging, MRI, cancer detection, and non-invasive diagnostics. In cancer therapy, GQDs utilize their photothermal and photodynamic properties to induce cancer cell death. This localized treatment enhances effectiveness of the therapeutic without causing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. The review also addresses challenges in the practical application of GQDs, functionalization, while highlighting recent advances and future directions for research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of ion beam-synthesized InSb nanocrystals on current-voltage characteristics of SiO2 layers in MOS structures","authors":"Alexander K. Fedotov ,&nbsp;Valeria Yu. Leonenko ,&nbsp;Julia A. Fedotova ,&nbsp;Ida E. Tyschenko","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current density (<em>J</em>) as a function of electric field (<em>E</em>) at different temperatures (<em>T</em>) is studied in Al/SiO₂&lt;InSb&gt; /Si/Al metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures fabricated using silicon-on-insulator and ion-beam synthesis technologies. The MOS structures containing SiO₂ layers implanted with Sb⁺ and In⁺ ions are investigated both before and after annealing at 800 and 1100 ℃. Annealing leads to the formation of InSb nanocrystals (5 – 25 nm in diameter) to result in a unique charge distribution within SiO₂. Three distinct types of <em>J</em>(<em>E</em>, <em>T</em>) behavior are observed in the temperature range 2 &lt; <em>T</em> &lt; 300 K and at electric fields up to ±6.7 × 10⁵ V/cm. At <em>E</em> &lt; 4 × 10⁴ V/cm, all samples exhibit ohmic conduction, whereas at higher fields (<em>E</em> &gt; 2 ×10⁵ V/cm) the <em>J</em>(<em>E</em>, <em>T</em>) dependences follow the space charge-limited current (SCLC) models: Below 40 K, the Mott-Gurney law applies, indicating monoenergetic traps near the SiO₂ midgap. Above 40 K, the <em>J</em>(<em>E</em>, <em>T</em>) behavior is consistent with the Mark-Helfrich SCLC model, revealing an exponential energy distribution of traps in the “tails” of localized states in SiO₂. These localized states are associated with an implantation-induced structural disorder. An energy band diagram of the annealed MOS structures has been developed to directly correlate the Fermi-level shifts and the evolution of trap states with the formation of InSb nanocrystals. This correlation provides a benchmark insight into the redistribution of free and localized charges in modified SiO₂&lt;InSb&gt; layers and explains their influence on the observed <em>J</em>(<em>E</em>, <em>T</em>) characteristics. The contribution of this work lies in establishing a direct link between the nanocrystal-induced disorder and the charge redistribution in modified oxide layers subjected to annealing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naringenin and quercetin nanoparticles as a dual strategy for topical management of diabetic retinopathy","authors":"Janhavi S. Ganore ,&nbsp;Umesh D. Laddha ,&nbsp;Prashant S. Adhav ,&nbsp;Chanchal S. Pagar ,&nbsp;Sanjay J. Kshirsagar ,&nbsp;Neelam L. Dashputre ,&nbsp;Pavan B. Udavant","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication associated with diabetes that impacts the retinal microvasculature and leads to vision problems. The currently available treatments for diabetic retinopathy are invasive and associated with pain and side effects, which lead to patient noncompliance. This research aims to formulate nanoparticles of two PPAR-γ agonists, viz. quercetin and naringenin, by using two different polymers, as HPMC-Poloxamer and PLGA, respectively. For optimization, a 3² Factorial design was used. The HPH pressure and PLGA concentration were independent variables for naringenin nanoparticles; Poloxamer concentration and HPH pressure were independent variables for quercetin nanoparticles. The particle size, PDI, and entrapment efficiency were the responses. The optimized batch of naringenin showed a particle size of 187.1 nm, PDI 0.117, and percent entrapment of 91 %, whereas the optimized quercetin batch showed a particle size of 185 nm, PDI 0.289, and 82.5 % entrapment. The optimized batch was further subjected to spray drying and characterized by various <em>in-vitro, ex-vivo, and in-vivo</em> methods. Nanoparticles showed spherical shape with smooth morphology in the SEM study, and XRD confirmed the entrapment of both drugs in the selected polymers. <em>In vitro</em> drug release study showed the comparatively rapid drug release of quercetin (90.55 ± 0.972 %) and more sustained drug release of naringenin (48.90 ± 0.894 %) at the end of 10 h. Differences in the release of drugs are characteristic of particular polymers used during preparation. This will prevent competition between two drugs to bind to receptors. Results from the isotonicity study, <em>ex-vivo</em> examination indicate the non-irritant nature and safety of the formulation. The <em>in-vivo</em> study on Wistar rats suggests formulation containing a combination of nanoparticles showed a synergistic effect in reducing VEGF, an important factor in diabetic retinopathy, than the individual treatment with nanoparticles of the particular drug. The study finding suggests that treatment with a combination of nanoparticles of quercetin and naringenin prepared by two different polymers having different drug release patterns can be considered as an alternate non-invasive therapy approach for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of essential oil from Lavandula angustifolia flowers for the green synthesis of AgNPs and evaluation of their antifungal activity","authors":"Abdolreza Abri,&nbsp;Monireh Noroozi","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing need for sustainable agricultural practices has spurred interest in green-synthesized nanomaterials as alternatives to synthetic fungicides like benomyl, which face challenges of resistance development and environmental toxicity. This study demonstrates the dual potential of <em>Lavandula angustifolia</em> (lavender) as a source of bioactive compounds and a platform for eco-friendly silver nanoparticle (AgNP) synthesis. AgNPs were biosynthesized using lavender extract and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, SEM, FT-IR, and XRD, revealing spherical nanoparticles (46–52 nm) stabilized by plant metabolites. While lavender’s ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts showed limited antifungal activity against pathogens (<em>Alternaria alternata</em>, <em>Colletotrichum musae</em>, <em>Aspergillus niger</em>, <em>Penicillium digitatum</em>, <em>Fusarium proliferatum</em>, and <em>Bipolaris sorokiniana</em>), its essential oil exhibited good inhibition (72–75 % at 2000–4000 ppm). In contrast, the lavender-synthesized AgNPs displayed remarkable broad-spectrum efficacy, achieving 90 % inhibition of <em>C. musae</em> at 1000 ppm and 96 % inhibition of <em>A. alternata</em> at 1000 ppm—surpassing both lavender extracts and conventional benomyl in persistence and penetration ability in PDA media. The nanoparticles’ superior performance is suggested to be due to their green synthesis-derived biocompatible capping agents and potential multimodal antifungal mechanisms, as supported by the literature, including cell wall disruption and oxidative stress induction. This work underscores lavender-based AgNPs as a sustainable, resistance-proof alternative to chemical fungicides, aligning with green chemistry principles by minimizing synthetic inputs and environmental impact while enhancing crop protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioprospecting of seaweed: Au nanocluster synthesis, characterization and theoretical studies","authors":"P.R. Nithiasri,&nbsp;J. Aarthi,&nbsp;B. Karthikeyan","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Algaes are potential bioprospecting agents due to their abundance secondary metabolites that have antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antioxidant properties. In addition, they are frequently employed to remove oils, toxic colors, and heavy metals. Recently in this study, we have investigated the environment friendly production of gold nanoclusters utilizing <em>Turbinaria conoides</em> algae extract. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles is preliminarily confirmed by color change from yellow to ruby red in the reaction mixture, and the broad surface plasmon resonance band centered at 525 nm which indicates the formation of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of the synthesized Au NPs. FT-IR confirmed the presence of carboxylic, amine, and polyphenolic groups in the algae extract used for the biosynthesis. FE-SEM results reveal the spherical morphology of the Au NPs. Algae extract can act as reducing agent as well stabilizing agent due to its organic molecules like fucoidan and polyphenolic compounds. The produced Au Nps is tested for the photocatalytic degradation of toxic dye and found to be promising. Since the metallic nanoparticles shows less band gap due to the metallic nature the mechanism is discussed WITH combined photocatalytic and inter band transitions. The production of biomedically useful gold nanoclusters using algae-mediated synthesis is therefore one-step, easy, and environmentally benign procedure for the bioprospecting of seaweed algae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon-based quantum dots in oncology: Properties and applications in cancer therapy and diagnosis","authors":"Kayeen Vadakkan ,&nbsp;Sreeshna Karippali","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging as transformative nanomaterials in the field of cancer diagnostics due to their unique photoluminescence, high biocompatibility, aqueous solubility, and facile surface functionalization. This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements in the application of multifunctional CDs for cancer diagnosis. Emphasis is placed on their potential as optical probes for non-invasive bioimaging, fluorescence-guided tumor identification, and early-stage cancer detection. The photophysical properties of CDs- including excitation-dependent emission and size-tunable fluorescence enable high-contrast imaging with reduced photobleaching, which is critical for real-time monitoring of tumor microenvironments. Additionally, CDs offer significant promise in biosensing platforms for detecting cancer biomarkers such as nucleic acids, proteins, and specific antigens with high sensitivity and specificity. Their functionalized surfaces facilitate conjugation with targeting ligands, enabling selective cellular uptake and tumor localization. This review also highlights the advantages of CDs over conventional contrast agents, including reduced toxicity, deeper tissue penetration in the near-infrared range, and the capability for multimodal imaging. Key synthetic routes are compared in terms of yield, scalability, and control over optical properties. Despite these advantages, translational challenges remain, particularly in terms of standardizing synthesis, ensuring reproducibility, and evaluating long-term biocompatibility. Overall, CDs represent a promising frontier in precision diagnostics, offering the potential for integration into next-generation diagnostic nanoplatforms that aim for early, accurate, and minimally invasive cancer detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodegradation of microplastics using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) based nanocomposite materials: A recent development on environmental remediation and bibliometric study","authors":"Jeoary Basumatary,&nbsp;Nituraj Mushahary,&nbsp;Fungbili Basumatary,&nbsp;Sujata Brahma,&nbsp;Bipul Das,&nbsp;Sanjay Basumatary","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a major environmental issue because of its continuous worldwide distribution of harmful effects on human health as well as aquatic ecosystem. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), a metal-free polymer-based semiconductor, has gained attention as a promising photocatalyst for microplastic degradation because of its enhanced visible-light activity, high chemical durability and adjustable electronic structure. This review along with bibliometric analysis highlights the current progress in the synthesis, structural modifications and heterojunction construction of g-C₃N₄ based materials to enhance photocatalytic activity. The mechanism of microplastic degradation, including the generation of hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals and photogenerated holes and electrons are discussed along with factors influencing performances such as light intensity, source of irradiation, pH, temperature, type and size of microplastic. The current challenges, including large-scale application, and treatment of mixed microplastics under real environmental conditions are studied. The future directions for the development of multifunctional and practical g-C₃N₄ based photocatalysts in sustainable microplastic remediation are proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles for industrial dye degradation","authors":"Netai Muchanyereyi","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increase in industrial activities worldwide has resulted in an increase in pollutants in water bodies, air and soil. Dyes are considered to be among the leading pollutants being deposited into industrial wastewater which then find ways in the water bodies. Major industrial sources of dyes into the environment include textiles, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, paint, food, paper, leather etc. Dyes in water bodies have adverse effects on human health, aquatic life and animals. Standard treatment methods such as chemical precipitation, membrane separation, adsorption have limitations that include high costs, incomplete removal and generation of other pollutants. The use of silver nanoparticles for dye degradation has recently been found to be a good alternative as degradation rates of ≥ 90% for single dye systems have been reported. This current review presents the use of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles in the remediation of dyes from the environment. Silver nanoparticles have recently gained so much attention in the various areas such as environmental remediation, catalysis, energy and medicine. The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles produces a product that is stable and the whole process is convenient. The advantages of green synthesis process include the fact that its rapid, simple, cheap, eco-friendly, uses mild conditions and very much compatible with a number of biological molecules. Thus, the use of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles for dye removal can improve water quality and ensure a safe environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and nanotechnology in hepatocellular carcinoma: Implications for molecular pathology and precision diagnostics","authors":"Ramaiyan Velmurugan,&nbsp;J. Sam Helinto,&nbsp;S. Subhashri,&nbsp;Lokeshvar Ravikumar","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), continues to be a major cause of cancer-related death globally because of its high recurrence rates, tumor heterogeneity, late diagnosis, and resistance to treatment. Systemic toxicity, ineffective targeting, and inconsistent patient response are among the drawbacks of traditional therapeutic approaches. The combination of artificial intelligence (AI) with nanotechnology provides a revolutionary way to address these issues. Through the use of manufactured nanocarriers such liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and metal-based nanostructures, nanotechnology allows for accurate medication delivery, improving tumor targeting while reducing off-target effects. At the same time, AI-powered solutions enhance diagnostic precision via multi-omics integration, radiomics, predictive modeling, and sophisticated image analysis, enabling early identification and tailored treatment planning. AI-engineered nanoparticles that target the KRAS and mutant p53 pathways, ferroptosis-inducing nanoplatforms, adaptive drug release systems, and real-time in vivo monitoring techniques are examples of emerging uses. Preclinical results are encouraging, but there are still issues with long-term safety, scalability, regulatory approval, and algorithm interpretability. All things considered, the combination of AI and nanotechnology is a major step toward precision oncology for liver cancer, providing improved diagnostic capabilities, targeted therapy, and individualized treatment plans that could significantly improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging nanotechnology trends in skin and hair care cosmeceuticals","authors":"Smita Bonde,&nbsp;Rashmi Trivedi,&nbsp;Vinita Kale,&nbsp;Purva Kashikar,&nbsp;Sujata Sawarkar,&nbsp;Vaishali Londhe,&nbsp;Vandana Patravale","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nano cosmeceuticals represent a rapidly evolving segment of the cosmetic industry, leveraging nanotechnology to enhance the delivery and efficacy of bioactive ingredients in skincare and haircare products. These formulations integrate cosmetics with bioactives to offer therapeutic benefits such as anti-aging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-repairing effects. Various nanocarriers, including liposomes, ethosomes, nanoemulsions, nanofibers, solid lipid nanoparticles, fullerenes, and nanoflowers, are employed to improve skin penetration, stability, and controlled release. Despite their promising advantages, concerns regarding safety, toxicity, and long-term effects necessitate rigorous evaluation. Additionally, industrial challenges such as nanoparticle aggregation, contamination, degradation, and low production yields hinder large-scale manufacturing and commercialization. This review critically examines recent advancements in nano cosmeceutical formulations, exploring their types, mechanisms, applications, benefits, safety profiles, and regulatory considerations. It also highlights prospects aimed at improving efficacy and consumer safety while addressing scalability and economic feasibility, ultimately paving the way for more personalized and effective dermatological solutions</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}