Nano TransMed最新文献

{"title":"Nanotechnology-based advancements for effective delivery of phytoconstituents for Ocular diseases","authors":"Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami ,&nbsp;Dhilin Pathayappurakkal Mohanan ,&nbsp;S.A. Jacob Raja ,&nbsp;Balakrishnan Natarajan ,&nbsp;Shankarananth Velusamy","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytomedicines has been globally utilized in ancient times. Phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, glycosides, peptides, carbohydrates, lipids, alkaloids, tannins, and terpenoids are holding medicinal properties. Previous reports have documented the various therapeutic activities of plant extracts/isolated fractions/pure phytoconstituents especially at in vitro levels. But the relevance towards the in vivo level and upmost towards the clinical trials for these phytomedicines was facing numerous challenges in the current scenario. The challenges associated with phytomedicines are standardization issues, ineffective against serious ailments, poor reproducibility of biological activities and interferences with associated phytoconstituents. But recently nanoscale based phytomedicine is paving more interest towards the scientific community for ocular delivery. In order to overcome these issues the nanoscale base phytomedicines delivery systems are recently developed by researchers. Nanoscale delivery systems of various phytoconstituents may potentiate the therapeutic effect, improves the bioavailability, reduces adverse effects and decreases the effective dose. The scope of this paper will focus towards the nanotechnology based phytomedicine delivery systems for various therapeutic applications in eye. The various phytomedicine loaded nanoscale delivery systems such as nanoparticles, nanomicelles, nanodispersions, lipid based nanoparticles for various ocular diseases has been reviewed. Special focus has been emphasized towards the carriers utilized for those delivery systems. Additionally, the future perspectives relating to development of novel phytomedicine based nano formulations has been discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer lipid-based drug delivery systems: Basic knowledge and recent applications","authors":"Mohamed M. Shehata","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer is a complicated disease that thrives on certain features collectively known as cancer hallmarks (e.g. growth signals autonomy, evading apoptosis, evading immune system, ability of metastasis, etc.). Anticancer drugs suffer from low bioavailability and severe side effects due to the arsenal of barriers (e.g. tumor microenvironment, efflux proteins, etc.) cancer have to hinder their delivery. Consequently, passive and active targeting of anticancer drugs is a necessity. Lipid based nano drug delivery systems (DDS) (e.g. liposomes, niosomes, self-emulsifying DDS, solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers), emerges as an approach of smart delivery of the anticancer drug. Therefore, achieving targetability, safety and efficacy. Lipid based DDS proved applicability and did not stop at the point of delivering anticancer drugs. They extended their mission to fighting anticancer multiple drug resistance, protection of cancer vaccination agents and therapeutic nucleic acids molecules. Furthermore, they achieved additional diagnostic roles (i.e. theranostics) and showed flexibility to be formulated for different routes of administration. They combined physical stimuli responsive therapy with pharmacological therapy, to name a few.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association and enterprise standard for producing and monitoring of quality extracellular vesicles /exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Qilong Cao ,&nbsp;Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Association & Enterprise Standard Drafting Committee,&nbsp;Qingsong Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This document is drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1–2020 \"<em>Standardization work guidelines Part 1: Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents</em>\" to specify the identification methods, inspection rules, label, package,storage, transportation and waste disposal requirement of extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stem cells. Please note that certain contents of this document may refer to patents, and the issuing institution of this document does not assume responsibility for identifying patents. This document is led by Qingdao Haier Biotechnology Co. Ltd. in collaboration with other 80 biological companies, institutions and hospitals in China. This document is collectively contributed by 122 experts in stem cell field, and officially released by China Food and Drug Corporation Quality and Safety Promotion Association. Publication of this document in current version has been approved by the group leader Qingdao Haier Biotechnology Co, Ltd.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and temporal interactions of silica particles influence the chemotherapeutic cancer cell death","authors":"Astha Sharma ,&nbsp;Jiachen Yan ,&nbsp;Prakrit Siwakoti ,&nbsp;Ayad Saeed ,&nbsp;Vipul Agarwal ,&nbsp;Zhi Ping Xu ,&nbsp;Ran Wang ,&nbsp;Tushar Kumeria","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Encapsulation of drugs into nanocarriers is proven to be highly promising approach in reducing drug toxicity and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. However, controlling the loading efficiency and capacity, and release of therapeutics at specific disease site has remained a key challenge, particularly for toxic chemotherapeutic drugs. This work explored the effect of treatment with empty silica nanoparticles (SNPs) and a chemotherapeutic drug either together (i.e. co-treatment) or in tandem (i.e. temporally spaced) on the cell ablation ability of the drug. The study also investigated whether the efficacy of the drug in response to these treatments was dependent on the morphology of particles. SNPs of four different morphologies (solid: SSNPs, dendritic: DSNPs, mesoporous: MSNPs, and rod: RSNP) were used, while cisplatin (CisPt) served as model chemotherapeutic. The efficacy of CisPt as a function of SNPs morphology and temporal treatment strategy was tested in HeLa cells. The results indicated that the morphology of particles as well as treatment strategy (i.e. co-incubation and post treatment) had an impact on not only the cell viability but also the cell death pathways, as evidenced by varying IC50 values and the flow cytometry analysis. Interestingly, co-treatment of SNPs with CisPt resulted in an across-the-board lower IC50 value compared to when the cells were first treated with SNPs for 24 h followed by CisPt treatment and even when CisPt was loaded into the particles for most of the SNPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic silver nanoparticles from Simarouba glauca DC leaf extract: Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer efficacy in lung cancer cells with protective effects in Caenorhabditis elegans","authors":"Santosh Mallikarjun Bhavi ,&nbsp;Akshata Choudhari Padti ,&nbsp;Bothe Thokchom ,&nbsp;Sapam Riches Singh ,&nbsp;Shivanand S. Bhat ,&nbsp;Sukesh Kumar Bajire ,&nbsp;Rajesh P. Shastry ,&nbsp;B.S. Srinath ,&nbsp;Sushma Subraya Gummani ,&nbsp;B.P. Harini ,&nbsp;Ramesh Babu Yarajarla","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using <em>Simarouba glauca</em> leaf extract. The biogenic AgNPs were characterized through UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis, zeta potential analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The nanoparticles exhibited a distinct absorbance peak at 413.5 nm, confirming their synthesis and surface plasmon resonance. XRD and HR-TEM analyses revealed a face-centered cubic structure with an average size of 12.45 nm, while AFM indicated a mean particle size of 18.34 nm. The particles demonstrated moderate stability with a zeta potential of −41.4 mV and exhibited various elemental compositions as confirmed by EDX. In the biomedical evaluation, the anticancer potential of SG-AgNPs was tested on L-132 and A549 cell lines using MTT, live/dead, and DNA damage assays. Results showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity, with significant effects observed at higher concentrations, particularly against A549 cells. Additionally, the protective effects of SG-AgNPs were assessed in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> using survival and paralysis assays. The nanoparticles significantly improved survival rates and reduced paralysis in worms infected with <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> PAO1 and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. These findings highlight the potential of biogenic SG-AgNPs as effective agents with both anticancer and antimicrobial properties. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms underlying these effects and optimizing their therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytomedicine meets nanotechnology: A cellular approach to rheumatoid arthritis treatment","authors":"Vikas Shukla ,&nbsp;Devika Tripathi ,&nbsp;Sakshi Sharma ,&nbsp;Ayushi Purohit ,&nbsp;Pratibha Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition causing synovitis, joint dysfunction, and tissue deterioration. This review highlights the pathophysiology of RA, including the involvement of cellular components, cytokines, and oxidative stress, and discusses the increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks for RA patients. It also explores the role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in RA progression. Current treatments like Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMRDs), biological DMARDs, and (Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs) NASAIDs along with emerging nanomedicine strategies, are examined. The article emphasizes the potential of nanotechnology in enhancing drug delivery, aiming to improve treatment efficacy and safety for RA. This comprehensive review provides insight into complexity of RA and the promising future of nanomedicine in its management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes for skin treatment: Therapeutic and cosmetic applications","authors":"Harsha Sreeraj ,&nbsp;R. AnuKiruthika ,&nbsp;K.S. Tamilselvi ,&nbsp;D. Subha","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The therapeutic potential of exosomes, which are nano-sized extracellular vesicles derived from various cell types, have drawn substantial interest in the field of dermatology. Exosomes have distinctive capabilities, including facilitating intercellular communication, delivering bioactive molecules, and modulating immune responses, which make them promising candidates for skin regeneration, wound healing, and treating dermatological disorders. Specifically, exosomes derived from the stem cells of mesenchymal and adipose cells, have numerous applications in skin repair and regeneration. Exosomes also find expanded applications in treatments and therapies related to hair. Exosomes emit signals and growth factors that impact the activity of nearby epithelial cells, encouraging their growth, specialization, and the development of hair formations. This review explores the efficacy of topical and transdermal applications of exosomes in skin and hair and highlight the transformative potential of exosome-based therapies in dermatology and pave the way for future research and clinical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2790676024000190/pdfft?md5=af9cb93c91c00252a9275cd171920cd7&pid=1-s2.0-S2790676024000190-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent plant-synthesized gold nanoparticle advancements for gastric cancer therapy","authors":"Marco A. Rojas-Cessa","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gastric cancer is the fifth most common form of cancer across the globe, according to the latest WHO GLOBO-CAN 2022 report. Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have been attracting attention for cancer therapy due to the many advantages they provide compared to traditional cancer treatment drug delivery systems. Specifically, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are potentially advantageous for clinical applications because of their biocompatibility and their application in biomedical imaging. A drawback of AuNPs is that their synthesis is typically very hazardous and produces a lot of toxic byproducts. However, the green synthesis of AuNPs overcomes this issue by using natural and biological derivatives (from microorganisms, fungi, plants, etc.). This allows for a safer and less toxic procedure, while maintaining the reliability and reproducibility of AuNP synthesis. Plant-synthesized AuNPs (PAuNPs) in particular present a greatly efficient and fast method for AuNP synthesis, due to the presence of reducing agents and capping agents in plant extracts to support the nucleation and formation of AuNPs. Herein, we review existing literature to summarize recent <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> developments of PAuNPs against gastric cancer. Categorization of the reviewed literature includes their physiochemical characterization, cytotoxic IC₅₀’s against gastric cancer cell lines, methods of gastric cancer cell death, and the change in relevant biomarker expressions due to PAuNP presence. A generalized gastric cancer cell death mechanism is concluded, which stems from the endocytotic uptake of PAuNPs that eventually leads to mitochondria dysfunction, nuclear fragmentation, autophagy expression alteration, apoptosis, and/or ferroptosis. Although <em>in vivo</em> developments for PAuNPs against gastric cancer are limited, studies have indicated PAuNPs’ ability to cause angiogenesis inhibition and tumor size reduction. The discussion includes comments on remaining challenges and additional work for the pre-clinical development of PAuNPs against gastric cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2790676024000219/pdfft?md5=5f109a716b523012f28e03a106eabe30&pid=1-s2.0-S2790676024000219-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the denaturations in cancer and non-cancer DNA molecules by optical absorption, thermal, and electric measurements: A case study","authors":"Owais I. Mir ,&nbsp;Upendra K. Gupta ,&nbsp;Iqbal Qasim ,&nbsp;Arshad A. Pandith ,&nbsp;Feroz A. Mir","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, we carried out the temperature dependent UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and electrical studies for normal and cancerous (glioma) DNA samples of single patient. Based on this method, we were able to monitor the denaturation process and thermal stability in these molecules. From the temperature dependent optical absorption data, we calculated various optical parameters for these two types of samples. The optical band gap of these samples were also estimated and discussed as per the experimental conditions. The various optical parameters calculated indicate that mutated (tumor) DNA is less stable than the normal one. From the DSC data, clear melting peaks were observed for the tumor and normal samples. Also various thermodynamic parameters like change in enthalpy (Δ<em>H</em>), entropy (Δ<em>S</em>), and specific heat (Cp) were estimated. From the thermal study, it seems that the tumor DNA is less stable. Further from the electrical or current-voltage (I-V) characteristics data, the resistance for normal DNA decreases with temperature. But for tumor sample, it show anomalous behavior (like decreasing and then increasing trend) with temperature. For electrical transport, small polaron hopping could be the possible transport mechanism in the current sample. Here from these studies, the tumor sample seems more disordered, and structural fluctuations due to the speculated structure could be the best reason for this behavior. If such kind of molecular (at nano scale range) studied are done more vividly, then these calculated parameters of the molecule could be explored for further confirmation/diagnostics of the diseases in addition to clinical investigations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2790676024000189/pdfft?md5=ea427fae22ef1c3e9c99d339cfb4d63e&pid=1-s2.0-S2790676024000189-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of palladium nanoparticles using Asterarcys sp. and their applications","authors":"Sunita Choudhary ,&nbsp;Geetanjali Kumawat ,&nbsp;Krishna Kher ,&nbsp;P.K. Baroliya ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Manas K. Tripathy ,&nbsp;Harish","doi":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntm.2024.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Asterarcys</em>-mediated algal extract, which is non-toxic and renewable, was used to synthesize palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) efficiently and ecologically friendly. The palladium nanoparticle's fabrication was seen within two hours. UV spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX and TEM with SAED pattern were used to confirm the properties of the synthesized nanoparticles. Palladium nanoparticles have been developed, indicated by their deep brown color and broad UV-visible absorption spectra. The SAED and XRD patterns of the manufactured nanoparticles provided evidence of their face-centred cubic crystal structure. Because of reflections from the (1 1 1), (2 0 0), (2 2 0), (3 1 1), and (2 2 2) planes, the XRD pattern is broad, indicating that the FCC nanoparticles are crystalline in nature. The biomolecule responsible for Pd²⁺ reduction and PdNPs capping has been found by analyzing the FTIR spectra of dried PdNPs and dry algal powder. The average particle size, according to a TEM image, is 13 nm, whereas it ranges from 4 to 24 nm. In moderate reaction conditions, the catalytic activity of PdNPs was investigated in C-C cross-coupling processes including Mizoroki-Heck and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions. ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR were used to characterize the isolated product. The PdNPs exhibited strong catalytic activity and produced excellent conversion of the corresponding products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100941,"journal":{"name":"Nano TransMed","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2790676024000177/pdfft?md5=25fcb9815b27e8d2055f358cf1d61283&pid=1-s2.0-S2790676024000177-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}