Medical Reports最新文献

{"title":"Stiff Person Syndrome with multisystem complications: A case report and literature review on recent advances in treatment and management","authors":"Aurpy Das ,&nbsp;Chowdhury Shakhawat Jahan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Monwar Husain","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder characterized by progressive rigidity, muscle spasms, and fluctuating stiffness, primarily affecting the truncal and limb muscles. As the disease progresses, patients can become severely disabled, experiencing multisystem complications such as recurrent falls, infections, difficulties with swallowing and speech, and psychiatric manifestations. Here, we present a case of a 70-year-old woman diagnosed with SPS, who experienced significant worsening of her condition, including fractures, recurrent urinary tract infections, dysphagia, and depression. We then discuss the latest breakthroughs in treatment and rehabilitation for patients with advanced SPS and highlight the critical need for early recognition, continuous monitoring, and a multidisciplinary approach to managing SPS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brunner’s gland hamartoma in worsening GERD: A rare case report","authors":"Antonio Al Hazzouri ,&nbsp;Bassem Derbas ,&nbsp;Philippe Attieh ,&nbsp;Karam Karam ,&nbsp;Elias Fiani","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Brunner’s gland hamartoma is an uncommon, benign duodenal tumor that arises from the Brunner’s glands. It is classified as hyperplasia or hamartoma based on its size. Symptoms include dyspepsia, nausea or postprandial epigastric pain, anemia, gastrointestinal bleed and small bowel obstruction. Its definitive diagnosis is by histopathological findings. We report an unusual case of Brunner’s gland hamartoma presenting as worsening epigastric pain and reflux in a patient with chronic controlled gastroesophageal reflux disease.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 48-years-old female with a history of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease of 15 years duration on omeprazole, and stage A esophagitis of 4 years duration, presented for worsening epigastric pain and reflux for the past 6 months, with frequent regurgitation of acidic fluid, and postprandial nausea but no vomiting. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed and revealed the presence of a large duodenal polyp. Pathology results were suggestive of Brunner’s gland hamartoma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This article reports a case of Brunner’s gland hamartoma, that is exacerbating a previously controlled gastroesophageal reflux disease, and found incidentally on esophagogastroduodenoscopy. This report highlights the masking of Brunner’s hamartoma by chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease. It also raises awareness of considering this condition as a differential diagnosis in patient with long standing reflux disease that worsens with time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful diagnosis and management of Sheehan’s syndrome without MRI: A case report","authors":"Mohamed Jayte,&nbsp;Abishir Mohamud Hirsi,&nbsp;Farah Dubad Abdi,&nbsp;Hassan Omar Ali,&nbsp;Abdullahi Hussein Ahmed,&nbsp;Abdifatah Hersi Karshe,&nbsp;Fatima Ibrahim Nor,&nbsp;Zakaria Abdullahi Hussein,&nbsp;Abdisamad Guled Hersi,&nbsp;Abdisalam Ahmed Sandeyl,&nbsp;David Elia Saria,&nbsp;Ahmed Mohamed Nour,&nbsp;Abdullahi Abdirahman Ibrahim,&nbsp;Lubega Athanus","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sheehan’s syndrome is a rare but serious condition caused by ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland following severe postpartum hemorrhage. It is often underdiagnosed, particularly in low-resource settings, due to limited access to laboratory and imaging facilities. The condition leads to varying degrees of pituitary hormone deficiency, manifesting as fatigue, hypotension, lactation failure, and menstrual irregularities. In postpartum women presenting with hypotension, differentials such as hemorrhage, sepsis, cardiomyopathy, and adrenal insufficiency should be considered. Early recognition and hormone replacement therapy are crucial for preventing life-threatening complications.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 24-year-old Ugandan woman presented with fatigue, dizziness, hypotension, and an inability to lactate three days after a home delivery complicated by significant postpartum blood loss. She was lethargic and had a blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg. Laboratory investigations revealed panhypopituitarism, with markedly reduced levels of cortisol, ACTH, TSH, free T4, FSH, LH, estrogen, prolactin, and IGF-1. A diagnosis of Sheehan’s syndrome was established based on clinical and biochemical findings.</div><div>The patient was initiated on hormone replacement therapy with hydrocortisone and levothyroxine. Over four months, her symptoms resolved, and follow-up testing showed clinical improvement with partial biochemical stabilization under hormone replacement therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sheehan’s syndrome remains an underrecognized cause of postpartum endocrine failure, particularly in resource-limited settings. This case highlights the need for heightened clinical suspicion and timely hormonal assessment in postpartum women presenting with unexplained fatigue, hypotension, and lactation failure. Early diagnosis and appropriate management can significantly improve outcomes, emphasizing the need for increased awareness among healthcare providers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare co-occurrence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and spinal tuberculosis: A case report","authors":"Ephrem Micheale Atsbha ,&nbsp;Tekiy Markos Badore ,&nbsp;Tesfaye Getachew Shawel ,&nbsp;Yemane Gebremedhin Tesfay","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The association of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) and spinal tuberculosis (TB) is rare. Sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis as a precipitant of GBS is a rare case report, even in developing countries like Ethiopia, where TB is common. We report a rare case of GBS and spinal TB in a 60-year-old Ethiopian male who experienced back pain and swelling, and bilateral lower extremity weakness. He struggled with bowel and urine control but had no history of head injury, vision blurring, or other medical issues. His neurological exam revealed gibbus deformity on his upper back and 0/5 power on his bilateral lower extremities. CSF analysis showed no cells, with a high protein count. Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (AIDP) and T4/T5 Spondylodiscitis with the paravertebral collection were revealed on Nerve Conduction tests (NCTs), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) respectively. The patient was diagnosed with GBS and spinal TB and started on anti-TB for 12 months with Prednisolone. He remained adherent, and he is now ambulating unaided and doing well. Due to financial challenges, intravenous immunoglobulin or plasmapheresis was not given as a treatment option for GBS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We reported a rare case of GBS and TB, with the possibility of tubercular radiculomyelitis. The co-occurrence of spinal tuberculosis and GBS has been rare globally, and clinicians and researchers should consider tuberculosis as a potentially related illness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncommon pathogen in an unexpected place: A case of Oligella urethralis bacteremia linked to retained IUD","authors":"Dileep Kumar Reddy Regalla","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes a rare instance of Oligella urethralis bacteremia in a patient with a retained intrauterine device (IUD). The patient presented with confusion. Although typically considered a commensal organism of the urogenital tract, Oligella urethralis can act as an opportunistic pathogen. It is crucial to obtain imaging studies such as CT abdomen pelvis when the source of bacteremia is unclear. In this case, the presence of an IUD is the predisposing factor. Successful management involved IUD removal and targeted antibiotic therapy, leading to full recovery. Due to its rarity and difficulty isolating using standard laboratory methods, there is a risk of misidentification and delayed identification of Oligella urethralis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel ANK1 mutation in hereditary spherocytosis in a northeastern Thai patient: A case report","authors":"Suwadee Laithaisong ,&nbsp;Kanha Muisuk ,&nbsp;Patcharee Komwilaisak ,&nbsp;Napat Laoaroon ,&nbsp;Kunanya Suwannaying ,&nbsp;Aree Rattanathongkom ,&nbsp;Kanda Sornkayasit ,&nbsp;Khunton Wichajarn","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is the most common hereditary red blood cell membrane defect, characterized by hemolytic anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly. While HS is well-documented in North America, Europe, and Japan, it is less common in Southeast Asia. This study reports a novel heterozygous <em>ANK1</em> gene mutation (c.1638 C&gt;A, p.Tyr546*) in a 5-year-old boy from northeastern Thailand, presenting with chronic anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and gallstones. The mutation leads to a truncated ankyrin-1 protein, contributing to vertical linkage instability of the red cell membrane and resulting in moderate to moderately severe HS. The patient's condition improved following splenectomy, with the cessation of regular transfusion requirements and the development of reactive erythrocytosis. Genetic analysis through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) did not identify additional pathogenic mutations. The correlation between genotype and disease severity suggests that this specific <em>ANK1</em> mutation contributes to the moderate to moderately severe disease phenotype. Further studies are needed to explore genotype-phenotype correlations in Thai HS patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD-1 inhibitor‐induced cytomegalovirus esophagitis in a patient with metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A case report","authors":"Mark Tawfik ,&nbsp;Angelica Rozenfeld ,&nbsp;Chloé Lahoud ,&nbsp;Sumeyye Ozer ,&nbsp;Omer Alomari ,&nbsp;Vincent DeChavez","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as Pembrolizumab, have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, they pose challenges, specifically in the form of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Although cases of gastrointestinal irAEs have been well-documented, the occurrence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) esophagitis months after immunotherapy discontinuation, has not been well reported.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We report a case of immune-related CMV esophagitis three months after discontinuing pembrolizumab therapy, which had been administered for metastatic urothelial cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>IrAE and their timing remain a challenge in patients receiving ICI therapy. CMV esophagitis is a rare irAE associated with ICIs and further investigation is needed to better develop effective treatment and prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous retinal venous pulsations for evaluation of intracranial pressure after endoscopic third ventriculostomy","authors":"Jacqueline Boyle ,&nbsp;William Miller ,&nbsp;Andres Maldonado ,&nbsp;Jorge Kattah","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Accurate and timely diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion failure, including shunt or ventriculostomy failure, remains challenging. Classically, ophthalmologic evaluation of intracranial pressure (ICP) is based on papilledema, however, spontaneous retinal venous pulsations (SVP) may be another valuable, underutilized tool. We seek to present the case of a patient who underwent endoscopic third ventriculostomy with neuroophthalmological monitoring throughout her post-operative course and provide a brief literature review on the use of SVP for monitoring ICP.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>Post-operatively, our patient noted improvement of her symptoms and confirmation of successful ventriculostomy on MRI CSF flow studies. There was a monitorable, gradual return of SVP, which supports the use of SVPs as a clinical surrogate to MRI CSF flow study. Literature review suggests that SVP loss is more sensitive than papilledema for elevated ICP, though return of SVP may be delayed in patients post-operatively given CSF dynamics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on our clinical findings and literature review, SVP may be an excellent, more sensitive screening test, especially in the absence of papilledema, to evaluate for CSF diversion failure. Ophthalmologic monitoring is cost-effective and non-invasive, and clinical incorporation of SVP could reduce unnecessary testing, hospitalizations, invasive procedures, and patient discomfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related nephrotoxicity: Pembrolizumab-induced acute interstitial nephritis","authors":"Sakshi Bai ,&nbsp;Isha Luthra ,&nbsp;Haseeb Khan Tareen ,&nbsp;Jahnavi Ethakota ,&nbsp;Kavita Luthra ,&nbsp;Muhammad Fawad Ashraf ,&nbsp;Hafsa Fayyaz","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1), has transformed the treatment landscape for various malignancies. While its efficacy is well-documented, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including renal toxicities, are emerging concerns. This case series presents three patients who developed significant renal complications, specifically acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA), following pembrolizumab therapy. Case 1 involved a 40-year-old male with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma who developed AIN and distal RTA seven months post-therapy, responding well to corticosteroids and supportive care. Case 2 described a 61-year-old female with triple-negative breast cancer who developed AIN during active treatment, requiring dialysis and prolonged corticosteroid therapy. Case 3 involved a 65-year-old male with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer who developed AIN three months after initiation of pembrolizumab and showed gradual recovery with high-dose corticosteroids. These three cases highlight the importance of vigilant renal monitoring in patients receiving pembrolizumab and the need for awareness of potential renal irAEs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent struggle: Undiagnosed dyslexia in a child in rural area of Indonesia","authors":"Purboyo Solek ,&nbsp;Indra Sahril ,&nbsp;Kevin Gunawan","doi":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hmedic.2025.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report highlights the silent struggle of undiagnosed dyslexia among children in rural Indonesia, a specific learning difficulty affecting reading, writing, and spelling skills. The study reveals a significant gap in dyslexia diagnosis and intervention in these areas, with factors such as limited awareness among parents and educators, insufficient access to diagnostic services, and misconceptions about learning difficulties contributing to under-diagnosis. The consequences of undiagnosed dyslexia are severe, often resulting in academic struggles, low self-esteem, and increased risk of mental health issues. Through a comprehensive literature review and case study, the report emphasizes the urgent need for increased awareness, improved diagnostic services, and targeted interventions to address these challenges. The findings underscore the importance of early identification and appropriate support to ensure better educational outcomes and overall well-being for affected children in rural Indonesian communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100908,"journal":{"name":"Medical Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}