Artyom V. Belesov, Daria A. Lvova, Ilya I. Pikovskoi, Mark S. Popov, Nikolay V. Ul'yanovskii, Dmitry S. Kosyakov
{"title":"Effect of modifiers on the stability of 1‑butyl‑3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids","authors":"Artyom V. Belesov, Daria A. Lvova, Ilya I. Pikovskoi, Mark S. Popov, Nikolay V. Ul'yanovskii, Dmitry S. Kosyakov","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The distinctive capabilities of 1‑butyl‑3-methylimidazolium (bmim) cation-based ionic liquids (ILs) to dissolve lignocellulosic biomass offer the potential for the development of novel green bioprocessing technologies based on their utilization as green solvents. The limited range of thermal stability of ILs necessitates the use of various co-solvents to maintain solubility. In the present study, an original approach to determine the degree of degradation of alkylimidazolium ILs was proposed, based on the application of gravimetric analysis method to determine the content of volatile degradation products and high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC<img>HRMS) to determine the total degree of degradation. The proposed approach, as well as the combination of HPLC<img>HRMS with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), was employed to comprehensively characterize the impact of additives and impurities (water, dimethyl sulfoxide, hydrochloric and acetic acids, diethylamine) on the degradation of bmim acetate, chloride, and methyl sulfate during thermal treatment under typical biomass dissolution conditions (150 °C, 24 h). The presence of additives or impurities in the composition of ILs has been found to predominantly contribute to a decrease in the number of volatile compounds formed, while increasing the variety and relative content of non-volatile degradation products. The use of protic solvents and acids results in a decrease in the overall degree of degradation of ionic liquids and in the fraction of volatile compounds formed. This allows for the classification of binary mixtures based on these additives as \"green\" solvents at temperatures below 150 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface-induced nano-generator utilizing a thermo-responsive smart window based on ionic liquid aqueous solution that exhibits lower critical solution temperature type phase separation","authors":"Kazuya Goda, Wataru Kataoka, Rina Araki","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We demonstrate a surface-induced nano-generator utilizing a thermo-responsive smart window based on ionic liquid aqueous solution that exhibits lower critical solution temperature (LCST) type phase separation. This smart window was fabricated by filling an aqueous solution of [<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>Bu<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>P][CF<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>COO] between the glass substrates coated with two different polymers: a polyimide with an alkyl side chain and an amorphous fluoropolymer. Below the LCST, the transmittance of the smart window was 87 %, nearly identical to that of a glass substrate. In contrast, when heated above the LCST, the [<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>Bu<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>P][CF<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>COO] aqueous solution undergoes phase separation, causing the [<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>Bu<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>P] cations and [CF<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>COO] anions to adsorb onto the polyimide with the alkyl side chain and the amorphous fluoropolymer facilitated by the surface pinning effect. This adsorption process results in the smart window generating electricity while transitioning to an opaque state. Therefore, the proposed smart window functions as an electricity-generating thermo-responsive device that can switch between transparent and opaque states in response to temperature changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Ghaffar Al Lafi , Atef Arfan , Jamal Alabdullah , Dalal Alnaama , Thnaa Allaf , Tasneem Alnama , Mazen Ibrahim
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of absorbents based on 1-hydroxypropyl, 3-methylimidazole derivatives and sulphonated poly (ether ether ketone)","authors":"Abdul Ghaffar Al Lafi , Atef Arfan , Jamal Alabdullah , Dalal Alnaama , Thnaa Allaf , Tasneem Alnama , Mazen Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adsorption is a preferred decontamination process for the treatment of industrial effluents, and various materials have been developed for this purpose. In the present work, esters based on sulfonated poly(ether ketone)/ionic liquids were prepared and their structures were evaluated by Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out on a mixed solution comprising Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions with concentration ranging from 4 to 10 μg L<sup>-1</sup>. The adsorption affinity of the esters expressed as the equilibrium metal ions uptake capacity, q<sub>e</sub> (mg g<sup>-1</sup>) was in the order: Pb<sup>2+</sup> (6.2), Cd<sup>2+</sup> (5.1), Cu<sup>2+</sup> (2.8) and Zn<sup>2+</sup> (0.8). It was interesting to observe the low values of qe of all adsorbents for Zn<sup>2+</sup>, which is advantageous in the treatments of wastewater as Zn<sup>2+</sup> present in high concentration and could reduce the ion exchange capacity of the adsorbent largely toward other metal ions pollutant. Esterification with ionic liquids open the opportunity to upcycle polymer wastes that can be sulfonated, such as polystyrene, PEEK and its cross-linked form.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abubaker A. Mohammad, Adel S. AlJimaz, Khaled H.A.E. AlKhaldi, Adel F. Alenzi, Mohammad S. AlTuwaim
{"title":"Evaluation of two imidazolium dicyanamide ionic solvents for extractive desulfurization of model fuels","authors":"Abubaker A. Mohammad, Adel S. AlJimaz, Khaled H.A.E. AlKhaldi, Adel F. Alenzi, Mohammad S. AlTuwaim","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of two specific ionic liquids, namely 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide and 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, as potential substitutes for conventional solvents in the removal of sulfur compounds from model fuels, a common challenge in the petroleum industry. This research examines the liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) data of three different ternary systems to evaluate the ability of these ionic liquids to extract thiophene from aliphatic hydrocarbons, <em>n</em>-dodecane or <em>n</em>-hexadecane, simulating kerosene and diesel fuels, respectively. Liquid-liquid equilibrium measurements were conducted for these mixtures at a temperature of 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure to determine the solvents thiophene distribution coefficients and selectivities. Additionally, the impact of the length of the paraffin alkyl chain was examined. The experimental data were found to conform to the thermodynamic NRTL model, with an average root mean square deviation (rmsd) of 0.2165. Both ionic liquids efficiently extracted thiophene from <em>n</em>-dodecane and <em>n</em>-hexadecane, highlighting their potential for producing ultra-low sulfur fuels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diethylene glycol-zinc chloride based deep eutectic solvent for green extraction of bixin compound","authors":"Winda Rahmalia , Ratih Ratih , Titin Anita Zaharah , Anis Shofiyani , Yohana Sutiknyawati Kusuma Dewi","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are ionic liquid alternatives that replace volatile and flammable organic solvents. DESs are formed by hydrogen bond interaction between the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA). We prepared DES using zinc chloride (ZnCl<sub>2</sub>) as HBA and diethylene glycol (DEG) as HBD. Formed DES was applied to extract the bixin contained in annatto seeds. The homogenous liquid mixtures were analysed for their pH, viscosity, density, conductivity, thermal properties, and solubility in various solvents. Bixin extracted using DES was identified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), UV–Vis spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (<sup>1</sup>H<img>NMR). The mixtures with a mole fraction of ZnCl<sub>2</sub> 0.1 (DES1), 0.2 (DES2), and 0.3 (DES3) are liquid at room temperature. The analysis results prove that bixin has been successfully extracted using DES, where DES1 was better for bixin extraction than DES2 and DES3, with extracted bixin levels of 32.42, 28.84, and 0.46 mg g<sup>-1</sup> by dry seeds mass, respectively. In this case, DES1, DES2, and DES3 could extract 62.17, 55.31, and 0.88 % of bixin from the entire total bixin contained in annatto seeds. The DES can be used for bixin extraction using a relatively simple method based on the results obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Room-temperature [C2mim]OAc crystal","authors":"Ayumi Hachisu , Akio Ohta , Kenji Takahashi , Kosuke Kuroda","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C<sub>2</sub>mim]OAc) is the most commonly used cellulose-dissolving ionic liquid and has been extensively studied for biorefinery applications. Although [C<sub>2</sub>mim]OAc had been considered to be a liquid, we here found [C<sub>2</sub>mim]OAc crystals at room temperature (around 25 °C) with a melting point of 44 °C. A plausible reason for the crystallization is shearing stress. [C<sub>2</sub>mim]OAc seed crystals led to the crystallization of liquid [C<sub>2</sub>mim]OAc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Second law of thermodynamics, heat transfer, and pumping power analyses of water and ionic liquid mixture based MXene nanofluids in a shell and helical coil heat exchanger","authors":"L.S. Sundar, Sérgio M.O. Tavares, António M.B. Pereira, Antonio C.M. Sousa","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat exchangers are extensively employed across diverse sectors for efficient thermal (heat)transfer between two fluids, specifically from a hot fluid to a cold fluid. Nanofluids are promising heat transfer fluids that exhibit exceptional thermal performance in heat exchangers. The present study examines the thermodynamic second law efficiency analysis of a shell and helical coil heat exchanger utilizing MXene/80:20% water+[MMIM][DMP] (mass percentage) based ionanofluids. An analytical investigation was conducted on the heat transfer coefficient, entropy generation rate, and exergy efficiency of a shell and helical coil heat exchanger, considering particle weight loadings from 0.2% to 1.0%, Reynolds numbers from 500 to 4300, and flow rates from 0.5 to 3.5 L/min. In the base fluid, at 1.0 wt.% and at a Reynolds number of 3598, the increase in heat transfer, Nusselt number, friction factor, pressure drop, effectiveness, and frictional entropy generation are 45.59%, 28.27%, 15.19%, 12.56%, 17.20%, and 16.21%, respectively. Concurrently, thermal entropy generation, and total exergy destruction were reduced by 46.23% and 20.08%, respectively. The second law (exergy) efficiency and thermal performance factor are improved by 34.04% and 1.384-times, respectively, at 1.0 wt.% and at a Reynolds number of 3598, compared to the base fluid. The data from the current study is corroborated by existing literature. New correlations were developed from the computed data points to estimate the Nusselt number and friction factor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Direct method for microscale manipulation at liquid-liquid interfaces in ionic liquid media with real-time electron microscopy observation","authors":"Alexey S. Kashin, Valentine P. Ananikov","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A deep understanding of the processes in soft matter systems with liquid-liquid phase boundaries is of particular importance for materials science, chemistry and life sciences. A vast variety of physicochemical techniques have been proposed for the study of interfacial properties of liquid systems. Among them, electron microscopy methods occupy an important place due to the possibility of direct observation of the sample areas of interest with high spatial resolution; however, the harsh conditions of the electron microscope chamber impose significant restrictions on the possibilities of observing and manipulating unprotected liquids and related soft systems. To overcome these difficulties, in this work, we developed a methodology for direct probing of liquid-liquid interfaces with simultaneous control of the process using electron microscopy. Practically relevant liquid mixtures based on vacuum-compatible ionic liquid (IL) with water additives were probed with micrometer accuracy in real time inside an electron microscope chamber, which made it possible to reveal the role of specific ions aggregation and electrostatic phenomena in the stabilization of liquid microdomains. To test the versatility of the proposed approach, the morphology of a typical IL/water mixture was examined using a series of electron microscopes of various configurations, and it was shown that the best level of contrast between two chemically related liquid phases can be obtained in the case of a cold field emission electron source in combination with an in-lens secondary electron detector, regardless of the specific instrument manufacturer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abbas Abbaszadegan , Elham Tayebikhorami , Ahmad Gholami , Nazanin Bonyanpour , Bahar Asheghi , Sara Nikmanesh
{"title":"Synergistic bactericidal activity of chlorhexidine loaded on positively charged ionic liquid-protected silver nanoparticles as a root canal disinfectant against Enterococcus faecalis: An ex vivo study","authors":"Abbas Abbaszadegan , Elham Tayebikhorami , Ahmad Gholami , Nazanin Bonyanpour , Bahar Asheghi , Sara Nikmanesh","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of nanotechnology and the development of nanocomplexes offer promising solutions to address the limitations in biofilm management within endodontics. Current cleaning and disinfection methods often fail to completely eliminate bacterial biofilms from the complex anatomical structures of root canals, making the invention of new disinfectants or disinfection methods highly relevant. Previously, chlorhexidine-loaded positively charged ionic liquid-protected silver nanoparticles (CHX@AgNPs⁺) were introduced as an innovative root canal irrigation solution, demonstrating significant antibacterial efficacy against <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> in vitro. This study aimed to further evaluate the antibiofilm activity of CHX@AgNPs⁺ in the root canals of extracted human teeth contaminated with <em>E. faecalis</em> biofilm. Fifty single-rooted human teeth with mature apices were randomly assigned to five experimental groups based on the irrigants used: CHX@AgNPs⁺, AgNPs⁺, 2.5 % NaOCl, 2 % CHX, and normal saline (<em>n</em> = 10 per group). The root canals were contaminated with <em>E. faecalis</em>, and biofilm formation was confirmed. Initial sampling (S1) was performed, followed by mechanical preparation of the root canals using ProTaper F3 files and irrigation with the respective test solutions. Post-instrumentation sampling (S2) was then conducted. The results demonstrated that CHX@AgNPs⁺ exhibited antibiofilm properties comparable to 2.5 % NaOCl, with no significant difference between them. Additionally, CHX@AgNPs⁺ significantly enhanced antimicrobial efficacy compared to CHX alone (<em>P</em> < 0.05), highlighting its potential as an effective root canal disinfectant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Fizri Hazeem Ismail , Asiah Nusaibah Masri , Norhana Mohd Rashid , Izni Mariah Ibrahim , Sulafa Abdalmageed Saadaldeen Mohammed , Wan Zaireen Nisa Yahya
{"title":"A review of CO2 capture for amine-based deep eutectic solvents","authors":"Muhammad Fizri Hazeem Ismail , Asiah Nusaibah Masri , Norhana Mohd Rashid , Izni Mariah Ibrahim , Sulafa Abdalmageed Saadaldeen Mohammed , Wan Zaireen Nisa Yahya","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon Dioxide can be naturally produced and make up of 0.04 percent in the earth's atmosphere. However, centuries by centuries follows by the modernization of humans, it has escalated to the state of causing inimical impacts towards the human and environment. Additionally, one of the most important fuel sources in the world, natural gas, in its raw state contains high levels of CO<sub>2</sub> that must be removed to avoid issue such heating value reduction and pipeline corrosion concurrently reduces the effect towards environment. To tackle this issue, the development of CO<sub>2</sub> absorbent capable of absorbing large amount of CO<sub>2</sub> hence reducing the effects it has towards the environment has become a topic among researchers this past decades. Conventionally, the use of amine such as alkanolamine have been implemented to capture CO<sub>2</sub>, yet it flaws outclass its uses such as limited ability to take up CO<sub>2</sub> and high corrosivity. Following this, ionic liquids (ILs), a new species of solvent, came to be in the limelight since they are tunable according to their function, including carbon capture. Nonetheless, in recent years, a newly discovered green solvent, deep eutectic solvent (DES) stole the limelight. This absorbent was claimed to retain all the advantages and desirable properties of ionic liquids while eliminating some of their greatest limitations. In this review, we examined the potential for carbon capture using multiple amine-based deep eutectic solvents and explored the role of including a third compartment as a performance enhancement mechanism. Last but not least, we are anticipating the publication of future species of amine-based deep eutectic solvents, which will include more information that had previously been considered scarce, such as its level of toxicity, its economic validation, and the evidence of melting point reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}