{"title":"Understanding the affinity of Cyphos Nitrate for Zr(IV) over other metal ions present in simulated high level liquid waste compositions","authors":"Alok Rout , S. Sriram , N. Ramanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of Zr(IV) in the spent nuclear fuel (SNF) is an hindrance for a smooth and safe reprocessing of actinides and other fission products. The separation of Zr(IV) from nitric acid feed through solvent extraction route is a challenging task as far as its aqueous chemistry and the selectivity of the proposed extractants for it is concerned. In this context, we employed a strongly hydrophobic and sustainable quarternary alkyl phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL): Tri(hexyl)tetradecylphosphonium nitrate ([P<sub>66614</sub>][NO<sub>3</sub>]) (or cyphos nitrate) for the extraction of Zr(IV) from a broad range of acidic feed and evaluated the feasibility of its selective separation from a Fast Reactor Simulated High Level Liquid Waste (FR-SHLLW) solution (Burn up: 80 GWd/Te). The extraction factor of [P<sub>66614</sub>][NO<sub>3</sub>] was compared with that observed in other classes of ILs in their undiluted condition. The efficient extraction of Zr(IV) without any additional ligand in IL phase by adopting simple complexation mechanism infers the novelty of [P<sub>66614</sub>][NO<sub>3</sub>]. High asymmetricity and bulkiness of IL cation enables more freedom to its anion (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) to coordinate with Zr(IV), thereby realizing high extraction factors as compared to other ILs having different cations (or anions). The novelty was further clarified from the notable extraction efficiency by consuming very less IL volume (low IL to aqueous phase ratio). The radiation stability of cyphos nitrate was affirmed from the extraction factors at different exposed doses. The uniqueness of [P<sub>66614</sub>][NO<sub>3</sub>] for Zr(IV) over the co-extracting Pd(II) was assured using an aqueous soluble complexing agent for the later to be trapped in the raffinate phase of SHLLW solution. At end, a schematic flow-sheet was proposed for selective separation of Zr(IV) from SHLLW solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oxidative dissolution of metals in metal-based ionic liquids: Iron, copper, silver and aluminum","authors":"Yuchao Li , Yanxia Zheng , Huishuang Zhao , Qingshan Zhu , Yansong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recycling of metals from end-of-life products requires an essential step of metal and alloy dissolution. Metal-based ionic liquids have the potential to be used for this purpose. However, scant work has been reported on oxidative dissolution of metal and alloys using metal-based ionic liquids. In this work, oxidative dissolution of four metals (Fe, Cu, Al and Ag) in pure metal-based ILs and aqueous IL is investigated. It is found that pure [Bmim][FeCl<sub>4</sub>] has no significant corrosion on steel. However, steel ball and copper can be dissolved into 20 % [Bmim][FeCl<sub>4</sub>] aqueous solution. Meanwhile, iron and copper powder can be quickly dissolved into [Bmim][CuCl<sub>3</sub>] and [Bmim][AgCl<sub>2</sub>] aqueous solution. Therefore, our results suggest that metal-based ionic liquid can be utilized to dissolve metal from mines using aqueous metal-based ionic liquid and then metal can be deposited from metal-rich aqueous metal-based ionic liquid water by removing water. By this method, high purified metal can be extracted from mines. In addition, with the increasing amount of electrical cars/buses, battery waste will be a big problem in the next 5–10 years. Our results manifest that a promising method for metal extraction from battery waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-Bacterial evaluation of 1,3-Benzodioxole derived imidazolium and pyridinium based ionic liquids","authors":"Sagar Panchal , Hitesh Sehrawat , Nisha Yadav , Shipra Chandra , Vivek Mishra , Neera Sharma , Ramesh Chandra","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>1,3-benzodioxole is one prominent biological active moiety which is abundant in numerous natural products. In this work we have synthesized 1,3-benzodioxole based ionic liquids using the different fluorides and have evaluated their anti-bacterial properties on Gram negative (-) <em>Escherichia coli</em> and Gram positive (+) <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> bacterial strains were assessed. In this report we have reported the MIC (minimum inhibitor concentration) and ZOI (zone of inhibition) analysis of the different combinations and the best combination was the further used for the <em>in-silico</em> computational study for the interaction at the atomic level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bio-inspired novel choline ester ionic liquid gel polymer electrolytes for safer lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Tommy Hoong Wy Lee, Phei Li Lau, Ianatul Khoiroh","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise in lithium battery use has triggered concerns regarding safety due to flammable liquid electrolytes. Ionic liquids (ILs) present an alternative, offering low volatility and high stability. This study explores novel choline-based ILs incorporated into a polymer matrix to synthesise ionic liquid gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs). Structural confirmation via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy verified successful synthesis, while the thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) revealed their promising thermal stability. GPEs demonstrated remarkable flammability resistance compared to commercial separators. Electrochemical assessments, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), showcased high ionic conductivities and electrochemical stability. Transference numbers and dendrite growth analysis further underscored their excellent performance. Specifically, GPEs comprising 70 % propionyl choline bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide within a polymer matrix, poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), exhibited exceptional conductivity and transference numbers, positioning them as strong candidates for safer and more efficient lithium-ion battery electrolytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Increasing the carbon chain length of imidazolium ionic liquids impacts their toxicity on daphnids","authors":"Emma Rowan, Anne Leung, Konstantinos Grintzalis","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionic liquids emerged as promising environmentally friendly alternatives to volatile organic compounds offering reduced volatility and enhanced stability. However, their unavoidable introduction into natural environments led to ecological harm particularly to aquatic species. To address this effect-based methods are crucial for the early detection of environmental pollutants and mechanistic understanding of their actions. In this study, three methylimidazolium ionic liquids with varying carbon chain length (1-ethyl-3, 1‑butyl‑3 and 1-hexyl-3) were assessed on their impact on daphnids as a key model organism in ecotoxicology. Combining methods such activities of key enzymes and phenotypic endpoints such as feeding and mortality, revealed notable changes highlighting the sensitivity of these organisms to ionic liquids. The longer chain length resulted in higher mortality; however, this was not reflected in ingestion rates in neonates which was decreased by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium. In addition, activity of peptidase was decreased across all ionic liquids and acid phosphatase was increased only in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium. Finally, glutathione-S-transferase was significantly increased in 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium. This study demonstrates that increasing the carbon chain length of the IL results in the most significant changes in enzyme activity. Overall, the integration of daphnid-based assays provides valuable insights into the toxicological effects and environmental risks associated with emerging pollutants such as ionic liquids. This approach underscores the importance of employing advanced methodologies for effective environmental monitoring and protection of aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vinod Jadhav , Athmanand Anchi , Imamhusen Jamadar , Shruti S. Malunavar , Rajesh G. Kalkhambkar , Suraj M. Sutar
{"title":"Iodine-catalyzed 1-Aryltriazene/CS2 duo for sonochemical synthesis of 3-Sulphenylindoles employing [BMIM(SO3H)][OTf] as recyclable promoting system.","authors":"Vinod Jadhav , Athmanand Anchi , Imamhusen Jamadar , Shruti S. Malunavar , Rajesh G. Kalkhambkar , Suraj M. Sutar","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iodine-catalyzed regioselective sulphenylation of various 3-substituted indoles using CS<sub>2</sub> as potential tool is demonstrated. An efficient and eco-friendly protocol has been developed to synthesize libraries of 3-sulphenyl indoles by employing CS<sub>2</sub> as sulphur coupling-linkage for various 1-aryltriaznes and indoles. Short reaction time, mild reaction conditions, recycle and reuse of ionic liquids (ILs) are the advantages of this methodology. A plausible reaction mechanism to narrate the exploitation of the catalytic and promoting systems is also highlights of this work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Van Duc Chien , Kiem Do Van , Thi Hinh Dinh , Dao Lien Tien , Tu Manh Le
{"title":"Outstanding electrocatalytic activity and corrosion property of NiCr nanoparticle alloys electrodeposited from a choline chloride/urea deep eutectic solvent","authors":"Van Duc Chien , Kiem Do Van , Thi Hinh Dinh , Dao Lien Tien , Tu Manh Le","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-chromium alloys are known for their superior corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and hardness, making them a topic of significant interest. This study explores the electrodeposition of Ni-Cr alloys onto a glassy carbon electrode from a choline chloride/urea deep eutectic solvent. Electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, were utilized to explore the deposition process. Voltametric analysis revealed that Ni-Cr alloys could be electrodeposited from the reline deep eutectic solvent through a single potential step. The analysis of current density transients indicated that the electrocrystallization of Ni-Cr follows a three-dimensional (3D) nucleation and diffusion-controlled mechanism on the bimetallic growing surface. Additionally, the presence of the Ni(II) component was found to significantly enhance the kinetics of Ni-Cr phase formation, facilitating rapid deposition from the eutectic mixture. Surface characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping, and X-ray diffraction, confirmed the uniform distribution of elements, the formation of the Ni-Cr phase, and its crystalline structure. The high quality of nickel-chromium alloys obtained from the reline deep eutectic solvent highlights their potential applications in various engineering fields, particularly in surface coating and metal protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aliyu Adebayo Sulaimon , Ali Qasim , Mohamad Athif , Asiah Nusaibah Masri , Pearl Isabellah Murungi , Aneel Jordan Atthi Tasan Singh
{"title":"Phase equilibrium and kinetic studies of choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents in water system for the inhibition of methane gas hydrate formation","authors":"Aliyu Adebayo Sulaimon , Ali Qasim , Mohamad Athif , Asiah Nusaibah Masri , Pearl Isabellah Murungi , Aneel Jordan Atthi Tasan Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas hydrates in subsea pipelines can lead to blockages, potentially causing explosions, and Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) offer an alternative to traditional chemical inhibitors or can minimize their usage when mixed with other chemicals. The thermodynamic hydrate inhibition (THI) and kinetic hydrate inhibition (KHI) behavior of two DESs i.e., choline chloride (ChCl) solution with glycerol and ethylene glycol are investigated using Micro Differential Scanning Calorimetry (μ-DSC). The DES-in-water systems were prepared by diluting the prepared DES in water. The difference between water-in-DES and DES-in-water systems is based on the extent of dilution. For DES-in-water systems, the water is in higher concentration and DES is a minor component. Whereas, water-in-DES systems involve adding a small amount of water to a DES. This can disrupt the hydrogen bonding network within the DES, leading to changes in its physical and chemical properties. The concentration of the DES solution was 10 and 15 wt% and the study was performed in-between the pressure range of 6.32–13.27 MPa while the Hydrate-Liquid-Vapor-Equilibrium (HLVE) temperature lies between the range of 281.4–290 .1K. Both compounds acted as thermodynamic and kinetic hydrate inhibitors for methane gas hydrates. HLVE was calculated for five pressure values. THI results show that the average depression temperature (ADT) of ChCl: Ethylene glycol is 1.47 K which is higher than the ADT achieved by ChCl: glycerol of 0.50 K at 10 wt%. Also, regarding kinetic hydrate inhibition, ChCl: Ethylene glycol showed better performance than ChCl: glycerol. The highest induction time attained by ChCl: Ethylene glycol is 1.5 h at 14.1 bar while for ChCl: glycerol, it is 1.2 h at the same pressure. Thermodynamic hydrate modeling for methane hydrates was also performed using the Dickens and Quinby-Hunt model. It showed an overall Mean Absolute error (MAE) value of 0.26 K while for the ChCl: Ethylene Glycol system, the MAE value is 0.32 K. The R<sup>2</sup> value was higher than 0.90 for both systems, proving the model's good fit. DESs have the potential to be applied in practical flow assurance applications due to their environmentally benign properties. The work is novel as it investigates the use of DESs for methane hydrate inhibition at high pressure along with the thermodynamic modeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing water circularity: Lactic acid-menthol deep eutectic solvent for efficient fats, oils and grease (FOG) removal and recovery from contaminated waters","authors":"Andrés S. Lagos , Andrea C. Landázuri","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water pollution, particularly the contamination of water sources by fats, oils, and grease (FOG), presents a significant environmental challenge exacerbated by climate change. While conventional water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) address various contaminants, FOG treatment often remains indirect and suboptimal. This study introduces an innovative, environmentally benign approach utilizing deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for the targeted removal and recovery of FOG from contaminated waters via liquid-liquid extraction. A binary DES comprising menthol and lactic acid was synthesized and evaluated for its efficacy in extracting oleic acid, selected as a model fatty acid contaminant. The investigation employed a comprehensive factorial design to optimize key operational parameters, including the molar ratio of DES components, solvent-to-water ratio, contact time, initial contaminant concentration, stirring speed, and phase separation time. Results demonstrated exceptional removal efficiencies exceeding 95 % under optimized conditions, with peak performance approaching 99.5 %. Optimal parameters were identified as a 1:1 molar ratio of menthol to lactic acid, 1:10 DES-to-water ratio, 15-minute contact time, 300 mg L⁻¹ initial contaminant concentration, 500 RPM stirring speed, and 8-hour phase separation. This research establishes a foundation for the application of DESs in water decontamination processes, potentially revolutionizing FOG management and advancing water circularity initiatives. The study's findings align with multiple UN Sustainable Development Goals, including SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 14 (Life Below Water), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), offering a promising avenue for sustainable water treatment technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David King, Matthew C. Le, Yan P. Arnaiz, Seonghyeok L. Cox, Jakob Smith, Haesook Han, Pradip K. Bhowmik
{"title":"Designing dicationic organic salts and ionic liquids exhibiting high fluorescence in the solid state","authors":"David King, Matthew C. Le, Yan P. Arnaiz, Seonghyeok L. Cox, Jakob Smith, Haesook Han, Pradip K. Bhowmik","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) are emerging as a powerful, next-generation approach to designing applied ILs because of their superior physicochemical properties as well as their diverse complexity and tunability for task specific applications. DILs are scarce in the literature compared to monocationic ILs (MILs), and one of their main issues is their expected tendency to possess higher melting temperatures. A series of 1,4-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]benzene and 1,4-bis[2-(2-pyridyl)ethenyl]benzene quaternary salts (Q-BPEBs) with different counterions (bromide, tosylate, and triflimide) and carbon chain lengths (C<sub>6</sub>, C<sub>9</sub>, and C<sub>12</sub>) have been synthesized for their potential as DILs with strong photoluminescent properties in the solid state. All Q-BPEB salts demonstrated robust thermal stabilities as determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms for Q-BPEB tosylates and triflimides displayed crystalline polymorphisms before melting transitions as verified by polarizing optical microscopy (POM). The Q-BPEB bromide and tosylate salts all showed high melting points of above >170 °C because of their dicationic rigid structures and strong ionic interactions of their anions. Once the Q-BPEB tosylates were exchanged with triflimide ions, <em>para-</em> isomers <strong>1aTf<sub>2</sub>N, 1bTf<sub>2</sub>N, 1bTfand <sub>2</sub>N,</strong>and <strong>1cTf<sub>2</sub>N</strong> still possessed very high melting points (>225 °C), however, the <em>ortho-</em> isomers <strong>2aTf<sub>2</sub>N, 2bTf<sub>2</sub>N</strong>, and <strong>2cTf<sub>2</sub>N</strong> exhibited melting points lower than 100 °C, classifying them as DILs. Their photoluminescent properties were also studied in methanol with the emission values of λ<sub>em</sub> = 476–482 nm for the <em>para-</em> isomers and those of λ<sub>em</sub> = 448–453 nm for the <em>ortho-</em> isomers. In the solid state, the Q-BPEB salts exhibited strong fluorescence with quantum yields of up to 50 %. The relatively simple synthesis of these fluorescent dicationic organic salts and ILs are pertinent towards the scarcity of these materials in the literature and provide a deeper insight on the design of fluorescent ILs containing more than one charge center.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}