Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation最新文献

{"title":"Long-term results of particulated juvenile allograft cartilage implantation: a case report with eleven-year second-look arthroscopy and review of literature","authors":"Jarod A. Richards,&nbsp;Lauren M. Nelson,&nbsp;David N.M. Caborn","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2023.100113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2023.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-grade osteochondral lesions cause pain, functional limitations, and oftentimes require surgical treatment. Described operative interventions include microfracture, osteochondral autograft transfers, osteochondral allograft transplantation, autologous chondrocyte implantation, and matrix assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation. Another option for recalcitrant cartilaginous defects is particulated juvenile allograft cartilage (PJAC) implantation. Short-term studies into PJAC have yielded promising results in its capacity for hyaline or hyaline-like cartilage regeneration though the long-term outcomes of this procedure are not well understood. We present a case of PJAC implementation to the medial femoral condyle in a 15-year-old female competitive soccer player with 11-year magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic second-look follow-up. In addition, we performed a literature review to summarize prior published PJAC outcomes data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum biomarkers in healthy, injured, and osteoarthritic knees: a critical review","authors":"Julie P. Burland ,&nbsp;Emily R. Hunt ,&nbsp;Christian Lattermann","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) can have deleterious effects on the joint. Many targeted strategies have been proposed to identify OA onset and progression prior to presentation of clinical symptoms and radiographic changes. Emerging research has focused on the utility of certain biochemical markers (biomarkers) as potential precursors of OA. Serum biomarkers have been widely studied across disease spectrums for their ability to classify the following characteristics: cartilage damage during early preradiographic stages, disease activity, severity or burden of disease, prognosis prediction, and response to certain treatment approaches. These classifications may be useful for understanding the evaluation and the qualification of biomarkers related to OA.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this critical review is to summarize and evaluate the existing serum biomarkers currently proposed for the identification and evaluation of osteoarthritis onset and progression in 3 populations: healthy-, anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed-, and osteoarthritic knees using the BIPED (burden of disease, investigative, prognostic, efficacy of intervention and diagnostic) classification.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Articles that reported on serum biomarkers in individuals with healthy, anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed and osteoarthritic knees were collected from peer-reviewed sources available on Medline (January 1, 2000 through March 31, 2020). Search terms included the following: serum AND biomarker AND knee AND osteoarthritis AND healthy AND (“anterior cruciate ligament” OR “anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction” OR “ACLR”). Articles were limited to studies in humans, written in English, and full text accessible. All serum biomarkers evaluated in the gathered articles were classified according to the BIPED classification.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 164 unique serum biomarkers were identified across healthy individuals, 18 reported on patients after knee injury (commonly anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction), 71 reported on patients with diagnosed osteoarthritis and 5 reported mixed populations. Biomarkers studied most frequently include serum COMP, interleukin-6, C2C, CPII, hyaluronic acid, tumor necrosis factor- alpha, c-reactive protein, MMP-3, high sensitivity-CRP, IL-8 and IL-1B, CS846, YKL-40, and C1,2C.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results highlight large variations in how these biomarkers respond to different stimuli across multiple populations. The most frequently studied biomarkers were those categorized under the BIPED criteria as <em>diagnostic, burden of disease</em> and <em>prognostic</em> biomarkers. More robust and longitudinal research on serum biomarkers needs to be conducted in these 3 populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trochlear morphology in healthy people: implications for osteochondral allograft transplantation","authors":"Mitchell S. Mologne ,&nbsp;Matthew T. Provencher ,&nbsp;Annalise M. Peebles ,&nbsp;Timothy S. Mologne","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The unique anatomy of the trochlea makes osteochondral allograft (OCA) grafting of femoral trochlear lesions challenging but could be improved with better understanding of trochlear morphology.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To assess trochlear width, depth, and sulcus angle via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients without patellofemoral problems and determine whether bench measurements of donor femurs can better match donors and patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An analysis was performed on 209 deidentified MRIs (average age: 25.8 years, ages 12-57). Trochlear width and depth were measured 15 mm and 20 mm distal to the most proximal articular surface. MRIs were classified into groups based on trochlear depth (Group 1: 0-4.0 mm; Group 2: 4.1-6.0 mm; Group 3: &gt;6.0 mm). Difference in depth at the 2 distances was calculated. The same protocol was performed on 23 cadaveric knees.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mean trochlear depths at 15 mm and 20 mm were significantly different between groups. Group 3 had significantly larger trochlear widths than Groups 1 and 2. All MRIs showed an increase in trochlear depth between 15 and 20 mm (mean increase: 1.31 ± 0.78 mm). There was no significant difference in trochlear depths between MRI and cadaveric groups. For MRI groups at 15 mm, the resultant apex decreased 10° between Groups 1 and 2 and 7.4° between Groups 2 and 3.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Assuming trochleae are perfect isosceles triangles, one can measure trochlear width and cartilage sulcus angle via MRI to assess trochlear depth. Consideration of trochlear depth and its distribution may enable more accurate matching of OCAs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49885065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the tidemark location matter in osteochondral allograft transplantation? A finite element analysis","authors":"Amit K. Manjunath,&nbsp;Martin Pendola,&nbsp;Eoghan T. Hurley,&nbsp;Charles C. Lin,&nbsp;Laith M. Jazrawi,&nbsp;Michael J. Alaia,&nbsp;Eric J. Strauss","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>While OCA has been shown to result in good long-term outcomes, there is still a considerable failure rate present with room for improvement.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact that osteochondral allograft cartilage thickness has on contact pressures, and to simulate whether a mismatch of the subchondral bony interface relative to the host-recipient site results in altered biomechanics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Properties of articular cartilage and bone were incorporated into a finite element model to create a simulated osteochondral lesion (diameter: 10 mm, height: 10 mm, cartilage thickness: 2 mm, subchondral bone thickness: 8 mm). Five osteochondral plugs were constructed to fill the defect, with cartilage-to-bone ratios between 1:9 and 1:1. The plugs were inserted and given a static downward force of 5000 N. Resultant stresses and displacements were measured.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The 2:8 cartilage-to-bone ratio plug, matched with the recipient site, was deemed optimal based on its resultant stress and displacement. The 1:9 plug displaced less than the 2:8 match and endured greater stress per unit of cartilage volume, whereas the 3:7 plug also displayed similar displacement to the 1:9 plug but had greater cartilage volume and was able to distribute less stress per unit of cartilage volume. The 4:6 plug displaced to a similar extent as the 3:7 plug but displayed a unique pattern of strain. The 5:5 plug was considered nonfunctional, as the majority of displacement was seen in the cartilage of the recipient site rather than in the plug itself.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The relationship between the cartilage-to-bone ratio in osteochondral allografts and that of their surroundings significantly impacts the distribution of stresses and predilection for micromotion at the repair site.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49885066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method for the preparation and frozen storage of growth factors and cytokines obtained from platelet-rich plasma","authors":"Irina Brokhman,&nbsp;Anthony M. Galea","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is employed to treat damaged connective tissues and osteoarthritis. PRP is collected in the presence of an anticoagulant to avoid premature activation. The PRP is then activated by various activation methods that all have regulatory or cost drawbacks. Additionally, activated PRP can only be stored for a limited time. The purpose of this study was to assess the biological stability of a PRP composition obtained from platelets of healthy volunteers using a mechanical activation by passing PRP through a 0.22 µm filter and stored for up to 9 months. The PRP fraction was isolated and then activated using either mechanical or thrombin techniques: 9 samples were evaluated in each experiment. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-13, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor beta 1, insulin-like growth factor 1, and vascular endothelial growth factor were compared in samples that were freshly collected and samples that were previously stored at −80 °C for 9 months. Protein concentration analysis showed no statistically significant differences in the composition of the PRP when the platelets were activated by thrombin or mechanical activation. There was also no statistically significant difference in the concentration of cytokines and growth factors in the PRP autologous composition after storage for 9 months at −80 °C. Mechanical activation is an efficient method to activate PRP, and the PRP-derived autologous composition is capable of being stored for up to 9 months without affecting the concentration of the analyzed proteins.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49885070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transtibial single-tunnel all-inside technique for repair of a complete radial meniscal tear","authors":"Amar S. Vadhera ,&nbsp;Suhas P. Dasari ,&nbsp;Hasani W. Swindell ,&nbsp;Kevin C. Parvaresh ,&nbsp;Nikhil N. Verma ,&nbsp;Robert F. LaPrade ,&nbsp;Jorge Chahla","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Radial meniscus tears significantly compromise knee biomechanics due to loss of the circumferential fiber connections and have been shown to be biomechanically equivalent to a total meniscectomy. There is a paucity of data regarding the biomechanical performance of radial meniscal repairs and numerous technical challenges associated with surgical repair. Further, current repair methods have been shown to lead to high rates of incomplete, nonanatomical healing of the meniscus and can potentially cause progressive joint degeneration and osteoarthritis. This is particularly true for the avascular portions of the meniscus. As a result, such injuries have been historically treated with a partial meniscectomy. There has been a growing interest in transtibial repair mechanisms as a potential solution to this challenging pathology.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this technical note is to detail a method for repairing a complete radial tear of the medial meniscus using a single-tunnel transtibial technique.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>After a thorough history and clinical examination, and imaging, the patient was diagnosed with a complex medial meniscal tear with a primary radial tear component. A single tunnel transtibial meniscal repair was indicated and performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>An anatomic repair was achieved with tension across the defect. The patient successfully returned to activities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Single-tunnel transtibial repairs of radial tears in the meniscus may provide increased stability by anchoring the meniscal leaflets to the tibia as well as a potential biological benefit by releasing growth factors and progenitor cells from the bone marrow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welcome to the second JCJP issue of 2023","authors":"Rachel M. Frank","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2023.100131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2023.100131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49885069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthobiologic injections for treating degenerative meniscus lesions: a matter of facts? Ten years of clinical experience in a systematic review","authors":"Pietro Conte ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Anzillotti ,&nbsp;Berardo Di Matteo ,&nbsp;Alessandro Gallese ,&nbsp;Umberto Vitale ,&nbsp;Maurilio Marcacci ,&nbsp;Elizaveta Kon","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2023.100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2023.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The treatment of degenerative meniscal lesions usually consists of conservative measures such as physical therapy or knee injections. Recently, the use of orthobiologics, in the form of platelet-rich plasma and cell-based therapies, gained huge popularity in orthopedic practice.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The aim of the present systematic review is to summarize the available evidence concerning the use of orthobiologics in the treatment of degenerative meniscal lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Data sources</h3><p>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and EMBASE was performed using various combinations of the following keywords: meniscus AND (platelet OR BMAC OR bone marrow OR adipose OR stromal vascular fraction OR placental OR cord OR jelly).</p></div><div><h3>Study eligibility criteria, participants, and interventions</h3><p>Articles were screened according to the following inclusion criteria: (1) clinical reports or randomized trials that included injections to treat degenerative meniscal lesions; (2) written in the English language; (3) published from 2012 to 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Nine studies were finally included in the present systematic review: 8 for platelet-rich plasma and 1 for micro-fragmented adipose tissue. All the studies reported clinical and functional improvements for degenerative meniscal lesions treated with orthobiologics.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Included studies highlight considerable heterogeneity in methodological approaches. Differences in product choice, outcome measures, and follow-up preclude the ability to generate definitive suggestions for application in the everyday clinical practice.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and implications of key findings</h3><p>The literature suggests that the use of orthobiologics may offer a new effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of degenerative meniscus lesions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of increasing hyaluronic acid content in collagen scaffolds on the maintenance of chondrogenic phenotype in chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Andrew C. Muran ,&nbsp;Benjamin C. Schaffler ,&nbsp;Andrew Wong ,&nbsp;Eric Neufeld ,&nbsp;Pooja Swami ,&nbsp;Mark Pianka ,&nbsp;Daniel Grande","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2023.100099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2023.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In articular cartilage, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been shown to increase adhesion, differentiation, and proliferation of cartilage cells, and its addition to three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds has been shown to improve chondrocyte phenotype in vitro.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to determine (1) whether increasing the HA levels in collagen scaffolds leads to better maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype in chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner and (2) whether collagen scaffolds infused with HA promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into chondrocytes within 3D collagen/HA scaffolds.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Bovine chondrocytes and rat MSCs were seeded onto 2% or 6% collagen/HA scaffolds, or no scaffold for controls. Cells were harvested at days 6, 12 and 18. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure expression of Type I and Type II collagen, SOX-9, and aggrecan.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Expression of Type I and II collagen was increased at day 18 in the chondrocytes of both groups. For the MSCs, at day 18 there was increased expression of Type I collagen and increased expression of aggrecan in both the 2 and 6% scaffold groups, plus increased SOX-9 expression in the 2% HA group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Though there was no significant dose-dependent change between the HA groups in their effects on Type II collagen production, both HA scaffold groups showed significantly increased expression of Type II collagen as compared to monolayer controls at 18 days. Future experiments should extend timepoints to elucidate these effects and human chondrocytes and MSCs should be used to determine biological applicability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medial femoral condyle width and osteochondritis dissecans: cause or effect and the implications for osteochondral allograft transplantation","authors":"Mitchell S. Mologne ,&nbsp;CAPT Matthew T. Provencher ,&nbsp;Timothy S. Mologne","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjp.2022.100078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Anecdotally, patients with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) have larger medial femoral condyles widths (MFCW), making it difficult finding size-matched orthotopic condyles for osteochondral allograft transplantation.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>(1) measure MFCW and tibial plateaus width (TPW) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with OCD of the MFC and (2) compare MFCWs and MFCW/TPW of patients with OCD to age and sex-matched controls.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We identified 111 patients with OCD of the MFC that had MRIs available for review. 115 age-matched patients that had MRIs for conditions that did not include medial compartment pathology served as controls.  MFCW and TPW were measured on MRIs; MFCW/TPW ratio was calculated. Patients were assigned to 4 groups based on age. A student <em>t</em> test statistic was used to compare MFCW and MFCW/TPW between the 4 groups as well as to the age and sex matched controls.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The 111 OCD patients (70 males, mean age: 25.7) had a mean MFCW of 29.3 mm.  The 115 control patients (74 men, mean age: 25.6) had a mean MFCW of 24.8 mm. Men with OCD had wider MFCs compared to women (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). For both the OCD and control populations, there was no statistical significance between MFCW and age. Overall, when controlling for age and sex, OCD patients had larger MFCWs than controls (<em>P</em> &lt; .001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Uniform widening of the MFC in OCD patients lends evidence that a wider MFC might be causal in the development of OCD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49885067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}