Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive最新文献

{"title":"Utilisation d’Instagram, aptitude à critiquer les médias et symptômes de troubles du comportement alimentaire chez les adolescentes : une étude exploratoire","authors":"Tiffany Melioli ,&nbsp;Nina Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Yasmina El Jazouli ,&nbsp;Amandine Valla ,&nbsp;Marilou Girard ,&nbsp;Henri Chabrol ,&nbsp;Rachel F. Rodgers","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Un manque de données empiriques existe concernant la relation entre l’utilisation des réseaux sociaux et les symptômes de troubles du comportement alimentaire (TCA). Dans une perspective socioculturelle de l’étiologie des TCA, certains réseaux sociaux tels qu’Instagram pourraient revêtir une influence concomitante liée aux pairs et aux médias. Aussi, peu de données sont disponibles concernant les facteurs protecteurs de l’exposition aux réseaux sociaux. Dans ce contexte, les objectifs de cette étude étaient : 1) examiner les relations entre l’utilisation d’Instagram et les symptômes de TCA ; 2) explorer le rôle modérateur de l’aptitude à critiquer les médias dans cette relation. Un échantillon de 170 adolescentes (<em>M</em>_{<em>âge</em>} <!-->=<!--> <!-->15,88, <em>ET</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0,86) a complété un questionnaire mesurant les symptômes de TCA, l’aptitude à critiquer les médias ainsi que l’utilisation d’Instagram. Les résultats ont retrouvé une corrélation faible et positive entre la fréquence d’utilisation d’Instagram, l’insatisfaction corporelle et la recherche de la minceur. L’aptitude à critiquer les médias modérait la relation entre l’utilisation d’Instagram et les symptômes de TCA. Ces résultats suggèrent que l’utilisation d’Instagram pourrait être un facteur de risque de TCA et que développer l’aptitude à critiquer les médias auprès des adolescentes pourrait s’avérer bénéfique dans la prévention des TCA. Dans le cadre des thérapies cognitivo-comportementales, il pourrait être intéressant de travailler avec les patients les croyances associées aux médias et de proposer des exercices de dissonances cognitives.</p></div><div><p>Eating disorders (EDs) are severe mental disorders and are associated with a high mortality rate. Several etiological models of eating disorder symptoms have been conceptualized including the tripartite influence model that suggests that in western societies pressures to achieve a very thin appearance are disseminated by the media, and amplified by family members, and peers (Thompson et al., 1999). While the relationship between media/family/peer influences and disordered eating has been well documented, little is known regarding the relationship between social media use and disordered eating among adolescents. Nevertheless, within a sociocultural framework, some social media such as Instagram might provide a conjunction of both peer and media influences. While the exploration of the relationship between social media use and disordered eating is still beginning, some international studies have highlighted a relationship between these two behaviors. Therefore, an important area in the field of eating disorders prevention is to identify potential protective factors of social media exposure. Within the context of media exposure, media literacy (the capacity to analyze, evaluate and understand media) has been proposed to mitigate the effects of traditional media exposure (e.g., magazine, TV) (Irv","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 196-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.06.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72231460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile cognitive testing in patients with schizophrenia: A controlled study of feasibility and validity","authors":"Maud Dupuy ,&nbsp;David Misdrahi ,&nbsp;Bernard N’Kaoua ,&nbsp;Arnaud Tessier ,&nbsp;Alexandra Bouvard ,&nbsp;Pierre Schweitzer ,&nbsp;Marc Auriacombe ,&nbsp;Fuschia Serre ,&nbsp;Melina Fatseas ,&nbsp;Joel Swendsen","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is now abundant evidence that cognitive deficits are a core component of schizophrenia. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) uses mobile technologies to provide lacking information concerning fluctuations in the cognitive functions and their immediate association with the expression of symptoms among individuals with this disorder. The present investigation examines the compliance rates, biases, and validity indicators of this methodology in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. Twenty-two outpatients with schizophrenia (50% with comorbid substance dependence comorbidity) and 27 healthy controls participated in this study. All participants received a traditional battery of neuropsychological assessments including the Stroop test and Letter-verbal fluency. EMA was also used to provide five electronic interviews per day over a one-week period. Two different versions of a brief cognitive test were administered alternately during the electronic interviews to assess executive functioning (a color-word interference task and letter-word generation task). Feasibility was examined as a function of compliance, fatigue and practice effects. Convergent validity was assessed by examining the correlation between neuropsychological test scores and the corresponding EMA executive assessments. Our findings indicate strong support for the overall feasibility of mobile cognitive testing in this population, and significant correlations between mobile cognitive tests and standard clinical measures support their convergent validity.</p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Un nombre croissant de preuves indique que les déficits cognitifs sont une composante centrale de la schizophrénie. Malgré leur importance dans le pronostic clinique et fonctionnel, ces troubles ne s’améliorent que modérément avec les thérapies actuellement disponibles. Les effets modérés des prises en charge actuelles pourraient être dus à la complexité et l’hétérogénéité de la pathologie. Ainsi, une meilleure compréhension des difficultés et ressources cognitives et de leurs répercussions fonctionnelles en vie quotidienne est nécessaire pour améliorer l’efficacité des prises en charge thérapeutiques. Cependant, les évaluations traditionnelles conduites en laboratoire présentent d’importantes limites méthodologiques. En effet, celles-ci reposent généralement sur des mesures ponctuelles des performances des individus, négligeant les effets potentiellement puissants des fluctuations cognitives rapides. Par ailleurs, elles restent limitées au contexte particulier du laboratoire, soulevant la question de leur validité écologique. L’« ecological momentary assessment » (EMA) pourrait, au moyen de technologies mobiles, fournir des informations manquantes concernant les fluctuations de ces fonctions cognitives en vie quotidienne et leurs répercussions fonctionnelles. Cependant, il n’existe pas de données concernant la faisabilité et la validité des tests cognitifs mobiles pa","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 204-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72231459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Des outils pour évaluer la sensibilité au renforcement sous Excel, R et Matlab","authors":"Pier-Olivier Caron","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>C’est dans les années 1990s que l’on note un accroissement important des études sur les applications en milieux naturels et en contextes appliqués de la loi de l’appariement. Le problème est cependant qu’il n’existe que des règles arbitraires non soutenues empiriquement et théoriquement pour évaluer si, effectivement, les comportements d’un agent respectent les prédictions de loi de l’appariement (si le modèle s’applique bien aux données comportementales). Depuis des travaux récents, une avenue intéressante se basant sur les propriétés statistiques inhérentes aux situations opérantes et utilisant ces dernières comme modèle nul répond à ce problème. Cette conceptualisation possède plusieurs avantages : elle s’accorde avec une perspective molaire-moléculaire du comportement, elle repose sur des mathématiques formelles et elle est flexible par rapport aux probabilités comportementales et de renforcement. Cependant, il n’existe aucune façon simple de réaliser ces calculs. Dans l’optique de démocratiser son utilisation et d’améliorer la qualité des études publiées sur la loi de l’appariement, l’objectif du présent article est de présenter trois logiciels implémentant les calculs du modèle et du test d’hypothèse pour évaluer la sensibilité au renforcement. Un exemple est présenté en guise de conclusion afin d’illustrer la procédure.</p></div><div><p>In the 1990s, there is an increase in the number of paper published on the matching law in natural and applied settings. In these transactional studies, the matching law is used as a tool to evaluate whether subjects’ behavior is sensitive to contingencies of reinforcement. The problem however is that there is only arbitrary rules of thumb, neither supported empirically nor theoretically, to evaluate whether a subject's behavior is sensitive to reinforcement or not (i.e., if the subject's behavior follows the matching law). Recent works on the statistical properties in operant settings address this problem. The model proposed is that a subjects’ behavior should be significantly different from random noise (randomly generated behavior). It is based on the following conjectures: response and reinforce rate follow a binomial distribution; reinforcer rates are conditional to response rates; response rates are correlated to each other. This leads to compute an expected correlation representing random variation in behavior-reinforcer contingencies to which the matching relation can be compared. This approach has numerous advantages such as being consistent with an molar-molecular perspectives, as being derived from formal mathematics, and as being flexible in accounting for different probabilities of reinforcement and responses. Unfortunately, there is no simple way to carry out the computation implied by this model. The current paper presents a software (in Microsoft Office Excel) and two scripts (in R and Matlab) implementing the works on the statistical properties in operant settings. They are all avai","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 177-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.01.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72284613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment apprendre ce que sont les TCC ? Une mission de la commission d’enseignement","authors":"S. Rusinek","doi":"10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74450510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilisation d’Instagram, aptitude à critiquer les médias et symptômes de troubles du comportement alimentaire chez les adolescentes : une étude exploratoire","authors":"Tiffany Melioli, Nina Gonzalez, Yasmina El Jazouli, A. Valla, M. Girard, H. Chabrol, Rachel F. Rodgers","doi":"10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72687053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’union des modèles de l’intolérance à l’incertitude et de la régulation émotionnelle renforce-t-elle le traitement cognitif-comportemental du trouble d’anxiété généralisée ?","authors":"Leslie-Ann Boily, G. Belleville","doi":"10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75925129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleine conscience dispositionnelle et comportements antisociaux : étude de profils chez le jeune adulte","authors":"B. Monié, Jonathan Bronchain, Sophie Becquié, P. Raynal, H. Chabrol","doi":"10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74380346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trouble dépressif et trouble du spectre de l’autisme chez l’enfant et l’adolescent : analyse de la portée de la littérature depuis la parution du Manuel diagnostic et statistique des maladies mentales 5 (DSM 5)","authors":"Lucie Bellalou, Émilie Cappe","doi":"10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73851711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualité de vie des mères d’enfants présentant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) alors qu’ils fréquentent une classe spéciale de niveau primaire ou secondaire","authors":"N. Poirier, Andréa Belzil, Émilie Cappe","doi":"10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.06.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTCC.2018.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75804889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refus scolaire anxieux : efficacité d’un programme de TCC en hospitalisation de jour","authors":"Hélène Denis ,&nbsp;Sandie Fendeleur ,&nbsp;Chloé Girod ,&nbsp;Ismael Conejero ,&nbsp;Martine Bouvard ,&nbsp;Amaria Baghdadli","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Contexte</h3><p>Le refus scolaire anxieux (RSA) est une pathologie sévère appartenant au spectre des troubles anxieux et un motif fréquent de consultations en milieu hospitalier. L’effet des TCC dont les bénéfices sont pourtant mis en avant dans le traitement des troubles anxieux, n’est pas étudié dans le RSA.</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>Étudier l’efficacité d’un programme multidisciplinaire de TCC dans un groupe de 28 adolescents bénéficiant d’une hospitalisation de jour. Vingt-sept patients sur 28 ont réintégré le milieu scolaire, après un délai moyen de 18,9 (SD = 5) semaines de prise en charge. L’effet du programme est estimé au travers de mesures effectuées avant/après hospitalisation : délai de réintégration scolaire, fonctionnement global, sévérité et évolution clinique (échelles C-GAS et CGI), et symptomatologie anxieuse (échelles FSSC-R, STAIC, RC-MAS, MASC et ECAP).</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Les scores aux échelles d’anxiété ont diminué significativement (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0,01) et le fonctionnement global s’est amélioré (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0,001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Le programme TCC apparaît comme un traitement efficace du RSA. Des études mieux contrôlées, effectuées en aveugle sur des effectifs plus importants devront confirmer ces résultats en s’intéressant également au maintien des bénéfices à long terme.</p></div><div><h3>Background</h3><p>Anxious school refusal (ASR) is a common disorder belonging to the anxiety disorder spectrum. It is defined as “the behavior of children and adolescents who, for irrational reasons, refuse to go to school and resist with very sharp anxiety or panic when forced to”. This diagnostic is not classified as an independent one in the international systems of classification (DSM 5 or ICD 10) (Inglès et al., 2015). Nevertheless, ASR may be linked to diverse mental health disorders such as separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, other children's anxious disorders, or furthermore depression (Kearney and Albano, 2004). The essential features commonly present in school refusal are outlined in criteria developed by Berg et al. (1969): when faced with the prospect of going to school with reasonable parental pressure to attend, the child displays severe emotional disturbance or complains of physical illness thought to have an emotional basis; the child is usually at home with his parents or another family member; the absence of severe anti-social behavior/conduct disorder; A specific ambulatory therapeutic cognitive and behavioral (CBT) program was established within the children and adolescent psychiatric unit number 2 in the University Hospital of Montpellier, France. It implemented cognitive and behavioral therapy techniques to gradually reintegrate the child back into the school environment.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Our team comprises of nurses, social workers, psychologists, a teacher and a child psychiatrist. The pro","PeriodicalId":100746,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive","volume":"28 3","pages":"Pages 123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcc.2018.06.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72241718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}