Integrative Conservation最新文献

{"title":"Rubber plantation size and global rubber price are linked to forest loss and degradation in Jambi, Sumatra\u0000 印度尼西亚苏门答腊占碑省的森林丧失和退化与橡胶种植园的面积和全球天然橡胶价格有关\u0000 Luas perkebunan karet dan harga karet dunia menjadi penyebab degradasi hutan alam di Jambi, Sumatra","authors":"H. Manjari Jayathilake,&nbsp;Cheng Zhi Wei,&nbsp;Gerald Tan,&nbsp;Côme de la Porte,&nbsp;L. Roman Carrasco","doi":"10.1002/inc3.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.43","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Natural rubber cultivation is one of the main drivers of tropical deforestation and biodiversity loss. This study examines regulatory and socio-economic conditions that increase the susceptibility of rubber plantations to deforestation and degradation, aiming to support zero-deforestation pledges and sustainability commitments made by the natural rubber industry. By combining bottom-up socio-economic survey data from rubber smallholder farmers in Indonesia with top-down spatial datasets on forest loss and degradation, this study identifies factors associated with deforestation, tree cover loss, and degradation of high-risk plantations. In Jambi Province, Indonesia, from 1991 to 2018, the overall tree cover loss in areas adjacent to rubber plantations was positively correlated to plantation size, remoteness (travel time to cities), and distance to the nearest protected areas, indicating that larger, remotely located plantations likely expanded more into forests between 2000 and 2018. Similarly, tropical forest degradation was positively associated with plantation size, travel time to cities, and distance to protected areas. A higher rubber price in the preceding year correlated with increased annual deforestation and forest degradation, whereas lower prices had the opposite effect. These results suggest that monitoring price changes and identifying plantations that are near non-protected forest frontiers could enable early detection and potential mitigation of deforestation threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"3 1","pages":"22-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.43","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140556337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turtles and tortoises losing the race: Ecology and conservation of Testudines in Indawgyi Lake, Myanmar\u0000 “输了比赛”的龟:缅甸印多吉湖的龟鳖类生态与保护\u0000 “ြမန်မာနိုင်ငံ၊ အင်း‌ေတာ်ြကီးကန်သဘာဝ ‌ေဘးမဲ့‌ေတာအတွင်းရှိ သဘာဝ‌ေရချိုလိပ်နှင့် ကုန်းလိပ်များ၏ ‌ေဂဟစနစ်ယိုယွင်းမှုနှင့် ထိန်းသိမ်း‌ေစာင့်‌ေရှာက်ြခင်းသု‌ေတသနစာတမ်း\"","authors":"Ei Mon Kyaw,&nbsp;Lisa Ong,&nbsp;Nay Htet Naing,&nbsp;Thet Myat Oo,&nbsp;Kyaw Htet Naing,&nbsp;La Minn Ko Ko,&nbsp;Thinn Su Tin,&nbsp;Ye Yint Htun,&nbsp;Xiao-Yong Chen","doi":"10.1002/inc3.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Testudines (turtles and tortoises) rank among the most threatened vertebrates globally, with species in Asia particularly vulnerable due to exploitation, unregulated trade, habitat loss, and degradation. This study aimed to understand the ecology and conservation status of turtles and tortoises in the Indawgyi Lake basin. We conducted surveys along 47 transects, each 1–2 km in length, across four sampling periods (total distance covered = 74.9 km). Additionally, we also deployed four traps at three different locations to capture turtles during two of these sampling periods. In addition, we analyzed 14 soil samples collected from five locations to determine the nesting conditions of soft-shell turtles. Finally, we identified conservation concerns through semi-structured interviews with 146 local households, including fishermen and hunters, to gather local ecological knowledge (LEK) on the abundance, habitats, and breeding ecology of turtles and tortoises, as well as local conservation perspectives. Seven turtle and tortoise species were identified within the Indawgyi Lake basin. To our knowledge, two of these species, the Myanmar brown leaf turtle (<i>Cyclemys fusca</i>) and Oldham's leaf turtle (<i>Cyclemys oldhamii</i>), have yet to be officially documented in this area. Furthermore, an <i>Amyda</i> sp. (collected on 10 March 2019), known by the vernacular name “Late Par Tate,” is hitherto undescribed and is likely a newly discovered species. Our results showed disturbance (SW = 1.0) and higher organic matter (SW = 0.52) as the main estimators explaining the difference in nest observation frequency. Animal grazing areas had more nests than other sites affected by greater human disturbances. The local community identified hunting (44%), fishing (28%), and deforestation (13%) as the main activities threatening turtle and tortoise populations. The majority of turtles hunted were either consumed (over 43%) or sold to middlemen, who at times sold them on to foreign traders (less than 51%). Alarmingly, 99% of those interviewed expressed a notable deficiency in protection and conservation efforts by the Nature and Wildlife Conservation Division and NGOs. We advocate for enhanced conservation efforts, mainly through stronger enforcement, increased awareness, and the establishment of protection zones with restricted human access to facilitate the recovery of these populations, especially at nesting sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"3 1","pages":"46-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.44","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140556211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endangered beach mouse resistance to a Category 5 hurricane is mediated by elevation and dune habitat\u0000 濒危海滩鼠类五级飓风的抵抗力受海拔和沙丘栖息地的调节","authors":"Michael V. Cove,&nbsp;Samantha L. Dietz,&nbsp;Chad T. Anderson,&nbsp;Amy M. Jenkins,&nbsp;Katie R. Hooker,&nbsp;Melanie J. Kaeser","doi":"10.1002/inc3.42","DOIUrl":"10.1002/inc3.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coastal ecosystems and their endemic taxa are under threat from hurricanes that are increasingly frequent and severe due to climate change—leading to a need to better understand factors associated with species' resistance (capacity to withstand) and resilience (capacity to rebound) to these storms. The beach mouse species complex (<i>Peromyscus polionotus</i> spp.) is a representative endangered group of rodents tightly associated with such coastal habitats. We examined track-tube monitoring data of beach mice from Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida, USA, before and after the 2018 strike of Hurricane Michael, a Category 5 hurricane, and again before and after the 2020 strike of Hurricane Sally, a Category 2 hurricane. We applied dynamic occupancy models to track-tube survey data to assess environmental factors associated with beach mouse initial occupancy and local extinction following Hurricane Michael. Beach mice exhibited high probabilities of detection and initial occupancy across most sites and all representative habitats before Hurricane Michael. Dynamic models revealed that local extinction probabilities of beach mice decreased with increasing elevation and dune habitat, followed by grassland, and scrub—highlighting high elevation dune as the primary driver of beach mouse resistance to storms. Extinction probability was not related to other factors like plant species percent cover or proximity to storm strike. Beach mice occurred at 100% of track-tubes before and after Hurricane Sally. Beach mice are adapted to persist in dynamic coastal environments with regular hurricane strikes, as evidenced by their resistance and resilience following Hurricane Michael to reach 100% occupancy with high resistance to the weaker Hurricane Sally. However, as hurricanes become stronger and more frequent with global change, isolated populations of beach mice may be more susceptible to local extinction with the corresponding loss of elevation and dunes. High elevation, particularly in dune habitats, is an important mediator of resistance and resilience to hurricane impacts and should be considered in habitat restoration and reintroduction strategies, especially if relative elevation decreases with sea-level rise.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"3 1","pages":"36-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local perceptions of anthropogenic and climate factors affecting the use and the conservation of Detarium microcarpum and Detarium senegalense in Burkina Faso (West Africa)\u0000 当地人对影响布基纳法索（西非）Detarium microcarpum（小果甘豆）和Detarium senegalense（甘豆）的使用和保护的人为因素和气候因素的看法","authors":"Adama Taonda,&nbsp;Issouf Zerbo,&nbsp;Anny Estelle N'Guessan,&nbsp;Justin N'Dja Kassi,&nbsp;Adjima Thiombiano","doi":"10.1002/inc3.41","DOIUrl":"10.1002/inc3.41","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding local perceptions and the different uses of multipurpose plant species is essential for their sustainable management. Despite this, anthropogenic factors such as deforestation, overexploitation of natural resources, extension of agricultural lands, overgrazing, and bushfires, coupled with the adverse effects of climate change, are contributing to the loss of these species. This study analyses the perceptions of local communities in Burkina Faso regarding the threats to <i>Detarium microcarpum</i> and <i>Detarium senegalense</i> and their implications, aiming to contribute to the effective management and conservation of such species. Through individual semi-structured and focus group interviews with 465 local people, data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, plant parts used, use categories, threats and their effects, proposed solutions, and perceived conservation strategies. Descriptive statistics (consensus for plant part and relative frequency of citation), component analysis, and non-parametric analyses were used for data analysis. Results indicated that ethnicity, age, education level, and occupation were the most influential sociodemographic factors in relation to the use of these species. Six plant parts from both <i>Detarium</i> species are used across seven use categories, with fruits (0.40), trunks (0.16), and bark (0.27) being the most exploited. There was consensus among local populations regarding areas of abundance. Threat factors, their effects, and conservation solutions varied significantly according to site status. This study highlights the multipurpose uses of <i>Detarium</i> species throughout Burkina Faso and reveals that threats to these species are linked to the occupation and the status of each site. Sustainable use, effective conservation, and domestication of <i>Detarium</i> species should be considered to promote and sustain the exploitation of non-timber forest products.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"3 1","pages":"58-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.41","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140226272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophysical characteristics, distribution and conservation challenges of critically endangered Bhutan poppy (Papaver bhutanicum) in Jigme Dorji National Park, Bhutan\u0000 不丹吉格梅多吉国家公园中极度濒危的不丹罂粟（Papaver bhutanicum）的生物物理特征、分布和保护挑战","authors":"Pema Dendup,&nbsp;Pema Kuenzang,&nbsp;Tandin Dorji,&nbsp;Wangchuk Wangchuk","doi":"10.1002/inc3.40","DOIUrl":"10.1002/inc3.40","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The occurrence of certain rare plant species in specific ecological habitats is intricately linked to a myriad of environmental conditions, encompassing both biotic and abiotic factors. The prioritisation of monitoring efforts becomes more impactful when conservationists possess a comprehensive understanding of the ecology and distribution of rare species within their designated habitats and across the entire range of the species. In September 2023, a study was conducted in Jigme Dorji National Park to assess the ecology, distribution and threats to the critically endangered Bhutan poppy. This survey, employing random sampling, covered approximately 87 ha across Tshophu, Tshophu base and Jichudrakey base in Soe Gewog and analysed 202 2 × 2 m plots. The survey revealed 57 plant species from 24 families, with Asteraceae (17.5%) and Papaveraceae (12.3%) dominating. Notably, 46% of families comprised a single species, and significant species richness differences were observed between Tshophu, Tshophu base and Jichudrakey base. Correlations between species richness and environmental variables, including slope, rock cover (%), bare soil cover (%) and herb cover (%), were identified as significant. The Bhutan poppy was positively and significantly associated with the southwest aspect, occupying 59% of surveyed plots. Species distribution modelling predicted a distribution area of approximately 37.29 square kilometres within the national park. However, future climate scenarios indicated a significant shift in the distribution of the Bhutan poppy. By 2041–2060, there is an anticipated decrease of 33% in its distribution area, with a shift towards the northeast. In the period from 2061 to 2080, the distribution is expected to increase by 8% from its current range, maintaining the northeast shift. The study identified three primary threats: grazing, trampling and harvesting, with livestock activities prevalent in 92% of plots and signs of harvesting in 45%. These findings provide crucial insights into the ecological dynamics, distribution patterns and potential conservation challenges facing the Bhutan poppy in Jigme Dorji National Park's alpine habitats, emphasising the need for informed conservation strategies amidst changing environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"3 1","pages":"76-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.40","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elephant conservation in India: Striking a balance between coexistence and conflicts","authors":"Ramesh K. Pandey,&nbsp;Satya P. Yadav,&nbsp;K. Muthamizh Selvan,&nbsp;Lakshminarayanan Natarajan,&nbsp;Parag Nigam","doi":"10.1002/inc3.38","DOIUrl":"10.1002/inc3.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the human-dominated epoch of the Anthropocene, nations worldwide are trying to adopt a variety of strategies for biodiversity conservation, including flagship-based approaches. The Asian elephant (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) plays a pivotal role as a flagship species in India's biodiversity conservation efforts, particularly within its tropical forest ecosystems. As the country harboring the largest Asian elephant population among the 13 range countries, India's conservation strategies offer valuable insights for other range countries. This study elucidates India's elephant conservation paradigm by outlining a historical account of elephant conservation in the country and examining the current administrative and legal frameworks. These are instrumental in implementing strategies aimed at maintaining sustainable elephant populations. Our study also analyzes trends in elephant populations and negative human–elephant interactions, drawing upon data from a centralized government database. Our findings indicate that the elephant population in India is reasonably stable, estimated at between 25,000 and 30,000 individuals. This figure constitutes nearly two-thirds of the global Asian elephant population. India's elephant population occupies ~163,000 km² of diverse habitats, comprising 5% of the country's land area, with their distribution spread across the northern, northeastern, east-central, and southern regions. This distribution has shown fluxes, particularly in the east-central region, where large-scale elephant dispersals have been observed. Between 2009 and 2020, human–elephant conflicts in India have resulted in an average annual loss of 450 (±63.7) human lives. During the same period, the central and state governments paid an average of US$ 4.79 million (±1.97) annually as ex gratia for property losses. Recognizing the critical nature of these conflicts, India has implemented various measures to manage this pressing conservation challenge. Overall, sustaining the world's largest extant population of wild elephants in the midst of India's human-dominated landscapes is enabled by a robust institutional policy and legal framework dedicated to conservation. This commitment is further reinforced by strong political will and a deep-rooted cultural affinity towards elephants and nature, which fosters a higher degree of tolerance and support for conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.38","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living with wildlife and associated conflicts in areas adjacent to protected areas, Northern Zimbabwe\u0000 津巴布韦北部毗邻保护区地区人兽共存及相关冲突的研究","authors":"Jeremiah Chakuya,&nbsp;Milcent Chikara,&nbsp;Edson Gandiwa","doi":"10.1002/inc3.39","DOIUrl":"10.1002/inc3.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human–wildlife conflicts (HWCs) are a worldwide problem, especially around protected areas where human and wildlife needs overlap. This study focused on the Chundu communal area and the Nyamakate resettlement area in Northern Zimbabwe, with three primary objectives: (i) to identify problematic wildlife species frequently involved in HWC in these areas; (ii) to examine the temporal variations of HWC cases; and (iii) to assess the effectiveness of current and suggested mitigation measures for managing these conflicts. Data were collected in November 2019 and February 2020, periods identified as peak times for HWC in these areas. A comprehensive three-stage sampling design was used to collect data for this study. Data were collected through household questionnaires from 16 villages (64 households) in the Nyamakate resettlement area and nine villages (36 households) from the Chundu communal area. The study identified the spotted hyena (<i>Crocuta crocuta</i>) as the most problematic animal in livestock predation, followed by the African lion (<i>Panthera leo</i>) and leopard (<i>Panthera pardus</i>). There were no significant differences in HWC between the dry season (<i>M</i> = 315, SD = 417.79) and the wet season (<i>M</i> = 383, SD = 540.19; <i>t</i>[4] = −0.43, <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). The study concluded that HWC occurred throughout the year in both communities, unaffected by seasonal variations. It was determined that current mitigation measures are inadequate for managing HWC in both areas. In light of these findings, the study recommends the use of nonlethal methods in HWC management, reserving lethal means as a last resort.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"3 1","pages":"12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.39","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability of medicinal animal products: Tokay geckos and pangolin scales as traditional Chinese medicine\u0000 药用动物制品的可持续性:作为传统中药的大壁虎和穿山甲片","authors":"Yifu Wang,&nbsp;Pauline C. Dufour,&nbsp;Kit Yi Yeung,&nbsp;Sum Yi Lo,&nbsp;Cherry Cheuk Yiu Cheung,&nbsp;Caroline Dingle,&nbsp;Timothy C. Bonebrake,&nbsp;Hannah S. Mumby","doi":"10.1002/inc3.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) utilizes animal products derived from hundreds of species. For some species, such as the pangolins (family Manidae), demand from the medicinal trade has been recognized as a major threat and is under strict regulations to conserve declining endangered populations. In parallel, species such as the tokay gecko (<i>Gekko gecko</i> and <i>Gekko reevesii</i>) have only recently attracted conservation attention due to the high volumes in trade despite an apparently still abundant wild population. In this study, we collected market data to assess the trade in pangolin (illegal trade) and tokay gecko (legal trade) medicinal products. We also collect general public's attitude toward the trade and their understanding on the medicinal use of high-profile endangered species (pangolins) and less well-known species (tokay gecko) in Hong Kong. We interviewed a total of 169 shops/clinics and 153 members of the public. We found that tokay gecko was sold in 59% of the surveyed outlets. We estimate that trade volume may reach as many as 0.2 million individuals per year in Hong Kong. The substantial demand for tokay gecko products estimated in this study underscores the urgent need for a thorough assessment of trade sustainability and continuous monitoring of the wild population status of gecko species. In contrast, pangolin scale products were rarely reported, and there was a high level of awareness among sellers regarding the illegality of such products. Our public survey revealed that awareness of the legal status of these products was the most influential factor shaping public choice to support the trade and consequently consume the products. Therefore, setting up legal protection status and enhancing public awareness about the legality of wildlife trade are essential steps toward responsible consumption and conservation. Furthermore, support for the use of alternatives among TCM practitioners presents a promising avenue. This highlights the opportunity to transiting trade toward sustainably sourced alternatives while respecting the traditions associated with TCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"2 4","pages":"176-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.35","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143253651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free-ranging dogs and their owners: Evaluating demographics, husbandry practices and local attitudes towards canine management and dog–wildlife conflict\u0000 自由放养的家犬及其主人: 评估数量、饲养方法以及当地人对家犬管理和犬与野生动物冲突的态度","authors":"Holly E. Marshall,&nbsp;Meredith L. Gore,&nbsp;Dusit Ngoprasert,&nbsp;Tommaso Savini","doi":"10.1002/inc3.37","DOIUrl":"10.1002/inc3.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Domestic dogs, numbering over 900 million worldwide, are commonly kept as service animals and companions. However, their interactions with wildlife have become a growing concern for conservation biologists studying human–wildlife conflicts. It has been reported that domestic dogs pose threats to at least 188 wildlife species, a figure that is likely underestimated. In regions like Southeast Asia, the actual impact could be up to five times the current estimates suggest. This study was designed to explore community perspectives on dog–wildlife conflict within protected areas in rural Thailand, focusing on dog husbandry and promoting effective population management strategies. To gather data on dog ownership, management practices and community perspectives on dog–wildlife conflicts, a structured questionnaire survey was conducted amongst households in settlements surrounding protected areas in Northern Thailand. The survey revealed a widespread presence of domestic dogs in rural Thailand, with half of all households owning dogs and over 40% of these dogs having unrestricted movements. Despite this high prevalence, the impacts of dog–wildlife conflicts were not widely recognised by respondents in the study area. Respondents agreed that dog owners were responsible for controlling their own dogs, while local governments were responsible for controlling dog populations. The most popular management options for dog populations were nonlethal methods, including free vaccinations and sterilisation for owned dogs and trap-neuter-vaccinate-return programmes for strays. The lack of awareness among respondents about dog–wildlife conflicts highlights the need for educational activities on the impacts of free-ranging domestic dogs. Protected area managers must enforce dog-free policies within these zones to mitigate the potential threats to vulnerable wildlife populations. However, the lack of veterinary practices in the area represents a significant challenge to effective dog population management. Developing strategies to overcome this issue is crucial. Overall, the findings suggest that effective dog population management requires a collaborative approach between dog owners, local governments and conservation managers.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"2 4","pages":"255-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.37","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cooperative development relationship between Nature Reserves and local communities\u0000 自然保护区与社区的协同发展关系","authors":"Xueyan Guo,&nbsp;Zhongde Huang,&nbsp;Yang Bai,&nbsp;Yiwei Lian,&nbsp;Wei Yang,&nbsp;Xinyao Lu,&nbsp;Wei Shi,&nbsp;Naiju Wu,&nbsp;Maroof Ali Turi","doi":"10.1002/inc3.33","DOIUrl":"10.1002/inc3.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The coordinated relationship between Nature Reserves (NRs) and adjacent communities has a significant impact on both these local communities and conservation management practices. However, the precise relationship between NRs and their surrounding communities remains poorly understood, whether it is coordinated or unbalanced? This study employed a matrix analysis approach alongside a coordination degree model to assess the relationship and the degree of coordination between the Xiaoheishan NRs (Xhs NRs) and local communities. In addition, a structural equation model was used to analyze the factors that influence the degree of coordination between the Xhs NRs and adjacent communities. Taking into account the willingness of these communities, a prospective development model was proposed. The results of the study revealed that: (1) the relationship between the Xhs NRs and their surrounding communities was predominantly characterized by a protection-oriented approach, particularly in the subprotected regions of Xhs, Dxs, and Jzs. (2) The path analysis revealed that the level of dependence, knowledge, and cost perception among the Xhs NRs communities had a direct negative influence on the degree of coordination. Conversely, the attitudes and perceived benefits to the Xhs NRs had a direct positive effect. (3) The pathway to future development involves a triple model approach: a public participation model, an economic model that focuses on mutual benefits and a protection and poverty alleviation model. The relationship between NRs and surrounding communities should be accurately defined; and the contradiction between protection and development should be fully coordinated. To achieve coordinated development of NRs and communities that reside close by, the Xhs NRs, along with other smaller and scattered NRs, should actively involve the public, particularly local communities, in conservation management.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"2 4","pages":"187-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.33","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139603793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}