Integrative Conservation最新文献

{"title":"The Two Faces of Introgression in Conservation Biology\u0000 基因渗入在保育生物学中的双重面貌","authors":"Harald Schneider,&nbsp;Charles H. Cannon","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Introgression is an important biological process that has a major impact on the evolutionary potential of species. Admixed offspring from parental individuals of different species, or in other word evolutionarily distinct gene-pools, may enable the exchange of genomic information between these two species without leading to genetic swamping. Here, we argue that conservation biologists must take into account both the adaptive and maladaptive consequences resulting from introgression by evaluating the biological and environmental context: past, present and future. Our argument is based on recent insights confirming species boundaries to be permeable, with scenarios suggesting increased permeability in the future. As a consequence, closely related species may form syngameons that enhance the evolutionary potential and resilience to environmental change by exchanging genetic information. Here, we focus on three aspects of introgression in applied conservation. Firstly, introgression between species in their native habitats may be considered as a natural strategy of these species to enhance their resilience to environmental change. Secondly, introgression between species, particularly native and nonnative, may rarely lead to genetic swamping but need to be monitored carefully to avoid the loss of the species identity of native threatened species. Thirdly, introgression between threatened and non-threatened species need to be considered as unique opportunities to recover alleles that are already lost in the gene pool of highly threatened species experiencing the attraction of the extinction vortex, especially where admixed individuals already exist naturally. In summary, we are calling for the replacement of a static Linnean species concept by a species concept that considers species a dynamic gene pools with permeable boundaries enabling the exchange of genetic information, enhancing adaptive capacity without losing species integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"339-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Records of Tropical Spiders Preying on Vertebrates in Southwest China\u0000 热带地区罕见的蜘蛛捕食脊椎动物记录:来自中国西南部的四例观察","authors":"Wanlu Liu,&nbsp;Jin Chen,&nbsp;Cheng Chen,&nbsp;Ming Tang,&nbsp;Jiabin Li,&nbsp;Minghui Yuan,&nbsp;Yan Xu","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report four rare instances of spider–vertebrate predation documented at the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden in Southwest China. The predatory events involved four spider species: <i>Nephila pilipes</i> (Nephilidae), an unidentified <i>Bowie</i> sp. (Ctenidae), <i>Heteropoda venatoria</i>, and <i>H. tetrica</i> (Sparassidae). The prey taxa included representatives from avian, reptilian (snake and gecko), and mammalian (shrew) classes. These unusual predation occurrences highlight previously underreported trophic interactions in Asia and underscore the potential impact of large spiders on vertebrate prey dynamics in tropical ecosystems. Notably, repeated avian predation by <i>Nephila pilipes</i> over a 3-day period provided valuable insights into spider feeding behavior. These findings expand current knowledge of spider predation on vertebrates and trophic roles, highlighting the ecological and conservation significance of large-bodied spiders in Asian tropical biodiversity hotspots.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"334-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Distance Sampling be Used to Estimate the Abundance of Mountain Ungulates? A Comparison of Distance Sampling and Double-Observer Survey Methods\u0000 距离样线法能用于估算山地有蹄类动物的数量吗？——距离样线法与双观察者法的比较","authors":"Lingyun Xiao,&nbsp;Yanlin Liu,&nbsp;Byron Weckworth,&nbsp;Luca Corlatti,&nbsp;Zhi Lu","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Robust population surveys and monitoring of ungulates in mountainous areas are hindered by complex terrain and limited access to remote regions. Distance sampling, a widely used method for surveying ungulates in non-mountainous habitats, faces challenges in such environments due to violations of key assumptions. In this study, we examine the assumptions underlying distance sampling and explore how they can be addressed in mountainous terrain. We then applied distance sampling to estimate the abundance of bharal (<i>Pseudois nayaur</i>) on the Tibetan Plateau and compared the results with estimates from the double-observer survey method, which is commonly used for mountain ungulates. Both methods produced highly comparable estimates—2189 from distance sampling and 2038 from the double-observer survey—approximately twice as high as the total count (963). Distance sampling yielded a wider confidence interval (95% CI: 1207–3972) than the double-observer survey (95% CI: 1405–2670). We recommend using distance sampling when human resources are limited or when the closed population assumption is difficult to meet. Otherwise, the double-observer method is preferable due to its narrower confidence intervals and greater ability to detect population changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"302-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staghorn Ferns in Botanical Gardens: Which Species Do We Really Cultivate or Trade?\u0000 植物园中的鹿角蕨:我们真正保育或买卖的是什么？","authors":"Kaikai Wang,&nbsp;Yu Shi,&nbsp;Pingshan Zhan,&nbsp;Liju Jiang,&nbsp;Shabir A. Rather,&nbsp;Harald Schneider,&nbsp;Hongmei Liu","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Horticultural collections of ornamental plants are vital elements in our efforts to conserve threatened plants, such as species of the staghorn fern genus <i>Platycerium</i>. Accurate species identification in these collections is often challenging but crucial to ensure the objectives of ex situ conservation. Here, we promote the establishment of reference DNA barcode libraries as an effective approach to take on the challenge to detect mislabeled accessions. To achieve this goal, a reference dataset was assembled employing a total of 287 accessions that were mainly obtained from the staghorn fern collections cultivated at the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan, China. Five chloroplast genome loci were assessed as DNA barcodes reflecting their wide utilization in plant systematics. The results confirmed not only the utility of commonly used chloroplast DNA fragments as DNA barcodes for these ferns but most importantly found no obvious evidence for frequent misidentification of staghorn fern accessions maintained in botanical gardens, although some mislabeling was detected. The established reference dataset enabled us to secure the species identity of staghorn fern accessions handled in conservation practices or commercial trade. In turn, the application of DNA barcoding was confirmed as an effective tool to secure the species identity of accessions used in ex situ conservation collections of staghorn ferns by enabling reliable identification of all individuals, especially immature individuals that lack the morphological characteristics of adult plants utilized in expert identification keys. In conclusion, assembled DNA barcoding reference datasets are promoted as a practical approach to be applied in horticultural collection management but also for regulating the plant trade.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"416-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Documentation of Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) Presence in the Core Area of Mt. Siguniang National Nature Reserve, China\u0000 中国四姑娘山国家级自然保护区核心区雪豹 (Panthera uncia) 的首次记录","authors":"Dongrui Wang,&nbsp;Jin Chen,&nbsp;Han Yang,&nbsp;Wei Luo,&nbsp;Bo Li,&nbsp;Lei Ai,&nbsp;Qiang Xie","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The snow leopard (<i>Panthera uncia</i>), a vulnerable flagship species, inhabits Asia's highlands but has received insufficient conservation attention. Mt. Siguniang National Nature Reserve, located at the southeastern edge of the species' global range, has lacked systematic monitoring and conservation research. To address this gap, we conducted a preliminary survey in Changping Valley, a representative alpine valley in the core area of the reserve, from November 2022 to August 2024. Using camera traps, we recorded 33 independent detections across five sites, mostly above 4500 m, and identified four unique adult individuals. This study represents the beginning of systematic sampling efforts and provides initial evidence of snow leopard presence in the reserve's core area. Future research should focus on quantifying population dynamics and assessing connectivity associated with population movement between Mt. Siguniang National Nature Reserve and adjacent mountain systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"272-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Shifting Cultivation on the Western Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) in Western Myanmar\u0000 刀耕火种对缅甸西部西部白眉长臂猿 (Hoolock hoolock) 的影响摘要","authors":"Aung Lin,&nbsp;Dusit Ngoprasert,&nbsp;Ngwe Lwin,&nbsp;Niti Sukumal,&nbsp;Tommaso Savini","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Shifting cultivation is a major driver of deforestation in tropical uplands. In western Myanmar, population growth has intensified the practice, shortening fallow periods and resulting in increased habitat degradation and fragmentation, which threaten wildlife survival. Arboreal species such as gibbons are particularly vulnerable due to their reliance on continuous canopy cover for survival. We investigated how shifting cultivation and associated human disturbances affect the density and abundance of the Western hoolock gibbon (<i>Hoolock hoolock</i>) in Man Wildlife Sanctuary, a newly established protected area, and its surrounding forest landscape in western Myanmar. Data were collected using point counts at 36 sampling grids covering 113 km² over 8 months (April–November 2023). Density estimates were derived from abundance using N-mixture models, and we examined the influence of landscape and human disturbance covariates on spatial variation in gibbon abundance across the study area. We estimated an average density of 1.6 groups/km². Of the seven landscapes and eight disturbance covariates tested, fire-related disturbances and proximity to human settlements—both closely associated with shifting cultivation—had the strongest negative influence on gibbon density. Our results suggest that Man Wildlife Sanctuary and its surrounding forests support a moderate density of Western hoolock gibbons compared with other regions in Myanmar. The lack of effective protection and management is a major problem, highlighting the need for targeted conservation measures and land-use planning to mitigate these threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"503-513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of Nature Education Research in China: A Scholarly Review\u0000 中国自然教育研究趋势:学术综述","authors":"Yue Li,&nbsp;Yun-Wen Chan,&nbsp;Yu-Chi Tseng","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nature education, regarded in China as activities in nature that connect humans with nature, is gaining increasing interest. Research studies in this area are growing too. However, little has been synthesized to understand the overarching patterns. This review explored the current status and trends of nature education studies in China. We adopted the traditional narrative literature review approach to examine 87 articles relevant to nature education in China, published in both English and Chinese from 2014 to April 2024. Our findings showcase three types of articles that represent the trends of studies in nature education: philosophical, empirical, and practical articles. Philosophical articles mainly addressed North American and European theories, with a relatively few Chinese philosophies. Empirical articles focused on exploring the current status of people's perception of nature and nature education, relationships among different variables, nature education outcomes, and setting or curriculum analysis. Practical articles described theoretical and practical applications as well as regional development efforts. The study sheds light on future research directions: (1) exploring Chinese theories and traditional cultures to deepen and ground nature education in local contexts, (2) developing innovative interventions and measuring nature education outcomes, and (3) connecting research to practice to enhance the field of nature education in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"310-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Conservation and Coexistence: The Case of Blackbucks (Antilope cervicapra L.) and the Bishnoi Community in Abohar, Punjab, India\u0000 促进保育与共存:以印度旁遮普邦阿博哈尔的黑羚 (Antilope cervicapra L.) 和比什诺伊社区为例","authors":"Geethanjali Mariaselvam,&nbsp;Ritva Toivonen,&nbsp;Dalia Damato,&nbsp;John Sumelius,&nbsp;Anil Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Adan Martinez Cruz","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS) in Punjab, India, is a unique protected area with the blackbuck (<i>Antilope cervicapra</i> L.) as its flagship species. The history of blackbuck conservation is deeply intertwined with the culture and ethos of the local Bishnoi community. Most of the land in WLS is farmland owned by local people. When the area was declared a sanctuary in 2001, it contained many sand dunes with wild vegetation that served as habitats for wildlife. The local people's sustainable farming practices and their peaceful coexistence with blackbucks are now largely things of the past. Expansion of cultivated land has reduced the natural habitat of wild animals, a problem exacerbated by habitat fragmentation due to the fencing of crop fields. Hybrid cattle and stray dogs also pose threats to wildlife in the area. In this study, we explore ways to restore the coexistence between local communities and wildlife. We examine the underlying conflicts and potential strategies for reconciliation. Results show that local people in the case study area hold strong conservation values and are motivated by their cultural and religious beliefs to protect wildlife, but face increasing challenges in doing so. Our research indicates that these intrinsic motivations, when supported by extrinsic incentives such as compensation payments and other mechanisms like ecotourism or premium prices for wildlife-friendly certified products, could foster sustainable human–wildlife coexistence. Education may also be an important factor in encouraging acceptance of such extrinsic incentives.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"393-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Characteristics of Emerging Nature Education Practices in China: Content Analysis of Lesson Plans\u0000 《探索中国新兴自然教育实践的特征:课程计划的内容分析》","authors":"Yue Li,&nbsp;Danning Lu,&nbsp;Xin Yu,&nbsp;Chuan Liao","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To understand the characteristics of emerging nature education practices in China, this study conducted a content analysis of 154 lesson plans submitted through a Nature Education Massive Open Online Course offered by Cornell University. We found that nature education practices covered a wide range of topics, settings, objectives, and activities, gaining popularity among diverse audiences. The analysis revealed distinct objectives tailored to different audiences: early childhood lesson plans primarily focused on skills and cognitive development; plans for students emphasized the development of scientific knowledge and skills; for adults, the main objective was to foster nature connection and enhance health, particularly through stress reduction; and for families, the focus was on strengthening parent-child relationships. While objectives varied significantly across audiences, the activities showed less variation, often blending multiple approaches. However, very few lesson plans incorporated objectives related to environmental conservation or sustainability actions, particularly those involving civic engagement strategies. Nature education in China stays exploratory and is largely driven by broader social needs in education and well-being. We offer recommendations for integrating more intentional conservation outcomes while maintaining nature education's broad appeal within modern Chinese society. This study provides insight into emerging nature education practices in China and offers recommendations on future research to examine long-term trends and the implementation of these lesson plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"322-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reoccurrence of Dust Storms in South Asia and Their Implications for Vegetation Health\u0000 南亚沙尘暴的再次出现及其对植被健康的影响","authors":"Shree P. Pandey,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar Pokharel,&nbsp;Zechen Peng","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dust emission and accumulation have been continually increasing over the past several decades in South Asia. Dust storms, originating in western regions, regularly move across the Indian subcontinent and may reach parts of the Himalayas, including the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Their frequency has risen rapidly on the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Dust storms impact processes associated with atmospheric composition, radiative balance, precipitation, nutrient cycling, and vegetation sustainability. However, these effects have not yet been synthesized in the context of South Asia, which this study addresses. We investigate dust sources and the causes of dust storms in South Asia, their implications for the TP ecosystem, and how they impact vegetation health and sustainability. Indian dust storms originate from both, the local Thar Desert and distant deserts in the Middle East and Northeast Africa. Long-range dust transport has synergistic as well as antagonistic effects on vegetation health and ecosystem sustainability, while vegetation also acts as a trap for atmospheric dust, purifying polluted air. Soils in forest ecosystems may derive 4%–30% of their nutrient inputs, mainly phosphorus (P), from long-range transported dust. Dust-bound P can also be absorbed through foliar uptake of dust deposited on leaves. In simulation experiments, plants were able to increase their P content by 30%–37% through foliar uptake. However, dust deposition on leaves and its subsequent uptake can impair plant growth and biomass production by clogging stomata, modifying the leaf microenvironment, hindering transpiration and gas exchange, degrading chlorophyll, limiting photosynthesis, and reprogramming cellular metabolism. It is hypothesized that plant responses to dust may have an evolutionary basis. We conclude that dust can have mixed impacts on ecosystem functioning and highlight the urgent need for systematic and detailed investigations into its effects in a regional context.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"4 3","pages":"362-380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}