Integrative Conservation最新文献

{"title":"Human–Wildlife Conflict Is Not a Myth","authors":"Justin Raycraft","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite well-established critiques of the term, human–wildlife conflict remains a valid way to refer to certain types of harmful interactions between people and wild animals. Efforts to diversify human–wildlife interaction terminology beyond the conflict paradigm were partly catalyzed by an influential article in <i>Conservation Letters</i> titled “Rearticulating the Myth of Human-Wildlife Conflict,” which argued that the term conflict should be reserved for disagreements between people (i.e., human–human conflicts). Revisiting that discursive intervention, I examine here multiple interpretations of conflict and highlight its existence in nonhuman species. Conflicts take diverse forms, occur across different scales, and therefore carry varied meanings depending on context. They can also result in substantial harm, underscoring the need for empathy toward affected people and wildlife. Human–wildlife conflict is therefore not a “myth” but a real phenomenon with significant consequences for people and wildlife around the world. Rather than abandoning the term, future scholarship should continue to refine situated understandings of conflict within human–wildlife interaction research to help identify actionable pathways toward coexistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 3","pages":"250-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Reassessment of the Global Illegal Wildlife Trade's Economic Value\u0000 全球非法野生动植物贸易经济价值的全面重新评估","authors":"Jia Hao Tow,&nbsp;L. Roman Carrasco","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The illegal wildlife trade (IWT) remains a major driver of global biodiversity loss and is considered to be one of the most profitable forms of transnational organised crime. A widely cited valuation estimated IWT's annual worth at US$7–23 billion; however, its methodology is unclear and outdated, with the world changing significantly since then. Hence, we developed a methodologically transparent and updated estimate of the global IWT value. Based on IWT seizures reported in TRAFFIC's open-access Wildlife Trade Portal, prices for each species–product combination were obtained through a systematic search, and then corrected using expansion factors to account for underreporting and under-detection. Using seizures reported between 2016 and 2021, we conservatively estimated the mean annual economic value of IWT to be US$34.0 ± 3.42 billion (5th–95th percentile uncertainty range: US$28.4–39.5 billion), after correcting for global reported volumes and undetected seizures. Furthermore, analysis of the TRAFFIC seizure records showed that non-CITES-listed taxa accounted for roughly 5% of the total economic value of reported seizures, highlighting the presence of unregulated species in international trade and regulatory gaps. Our transparent and reproducible framework offers a necessary update to long-standing underestimates, which can then be aligned with international enforcement and resource allocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 3","pages":"293-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Pattern Evolution and Driving Mechanisms of World Botanical Gardens Over Five Centuries","authors":"Shidong Li,&nbsp;Guangzhen Shi,&nbsp;Qingwei Li","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Botanical gardens are the main means of ex situ conservation of biodiversity. The world's first botanical garden with modern significance was established in Italy in 1543, and since then, the proliferation of these institutions has exhibited clear spatiotemporal patterns. Based on a systematic review of the literature, the present paper divides these temporal and spatial aspects of botanical garden development over the past 500 years into three major phases: the initial exploration stage (1543–1699), the steady development stage (1700–1899), and the rapid development stage (1900–2020). Six distinct sub-stages are identified and examined. Furthermore, while scrutinizing the progression and achievements of each stage, we discerned three driving mechanisms for the rise, dissemination, development, and evolution of botanical gardens: human civilization and progress; culture, health, science, and education; and the world nature conservation movement. These findings are expected to serve as a valuable reference point for the ongoing construction, management, and practice of botanical gardens. A series of recommendations is also proposed to support these endeavors.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 3","pages":"255-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Patterns of Seed Plants and Their Conservation Priorities in Jiangxi Province, China\u0000 中国江西省种子植物的空间格局及其保护优先区","authors":"Minqin Duan,&nbsp;Zhangjian Shan,&nbsp;Peiyang Zhang,&nbsp;Jianfei Ye,&nbsp;Tuo Yang,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Rong,&nbsp;Yizhen Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoguo Xiang","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Identifying and protecting biodiversity hotspots is crucial for regional biodiversity conservation. Jiangxi province lies in the core of Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests (EBLFs), which provides an ideal region to comprehensively address the regional biodiversity conservation. We combined elevation and land-cover data to filter seed plant occurrences, evaluated the spatial patterns of seed plants at the county level and across 11 spatial grain sizes, and then identified the conservation priority areas. We have delineated more detailed spatial phylogenetic patterns at the 10 × 10 km² grid cells level. Our results suggested that higher species richness (SR) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) were observed in eastern, southern, and western Jiangxi. In contrast, a lower standard effective size of PD (ses.PD) was observed in northeastern, southern, and northwestern Jiangxi. Both the higher net relatedness index (NRI) and the higher nearest taxon index (NTI) occurred in the areas around the Huaiyu Mountains, northern Nanling Mountains, and Mufu Mountains. Elevation and precipitation were mainly contributed to the spatial patterns of seed plants in Jiangxi province. Overall, 471 grid cells were identified as conservation priority areas, including most of mountains and Poyang Lake. The species “covered” in current protected areas reached 50.6% and would increase to 61.4% in conservation priority areas. The conservation gaps mainly concentrate on areas near mountains. Our results highlight that biodiversity conservation in EBLFs should pay attention to mountains with high elevation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 3","pages":"281-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residents' Knowledge and Protection Willingness of Otters in a Megacity in China\u0000 中国特大城市居民对水獭的认知程度及保护意愿","authors":"Changning Liu,&nbsp;Tingyan Guo,&nbsp;Kaidan Zheng,&nbsp;Sifan Hu,&nbsp;Weimin Wang,&nbsp;Lu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In today's rapidly urbanizing world, the survival of wildlife in cities faces significant challenges, and the attitudes of urban residents toward wildlife play a crucial role in their survival. Otters, as top predators in freshwater ecosystems who are highly sensitive to environmental changes, had once gone extinct in Shenzhen—a megacity exemplifying rapid urbanization in China—but reappeared in 2020. We conducted a first field survey on otter population across Shenzhen's river systems, employing transect survey and interviews with local residents to assess both otter population status and residents' knowledge and protection willingness of otters. We did not obtain any reliable records of otter activity during our surveys. Our interviews revealed that 60% of the interviewees knew otters, although only 34% of them correctly identified the image of an otter. Moreover, we found that men and those with more knowledge of general wildlife possessed a higher level of knowledge of otters. Interestingly, we found both low and high levels of otter knowledge associated with stronger protection willingness, whereas intermediate levels of knowledge were linked to weaker support. Our study provides essential baseline data to support future conservation initiatives, such as conservation outreach campaigns and citizen science projects to facilitate the recovery of otter population in Shenzhen.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 3","pages":"306-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing Synthesizable Evaluations of Technical Interventions to Reduce Wildlife-Caused Agricultural Losses\u0000 构建易用于证据整合的野生动物致农业损失缓解措施成效评估","authors":"Cheng Huang,&nbsp;Tien Ming Lee,&nbsp;Kaiwen Zhou,&nbsp;Xiong Zhang,&nbsp;Zhixin Wen,&nbsp;Zhijun Ma,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;Limin Feng,&nbsp;Yang Liu","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Technical interventions to reduce wildlife-caused agricultural losses (e.g., crops, livestock, and fisheries) are essential for human-wildlife coexistence. Despite widespread implementations, robust evidence of many interventions remains limited. Moreover, substantial heterogeneity in problem definition, experimental design, outcome measurement, and reporting practices hinder both the interpretability of individual evaluations and the synthesis of cumulative evidence. Here, we identified eight key components to guide the construction of evaluations that are both sensible and synthesizable. These include: (i) defining the problem spatiotemporally; (ii) specifying the intervention and its mechanism; (iii) collaborating with stakeholders; (iv) designing experiments with stronger inference; (v) measuring the functional and monetary effectiveness; (vi) assessing the effects on wildlife and people; (vii) evaluating stakeholder trade-offs; and (viii) reporting standardized evidence for synthesis and practice. We hope these components can help generate more robust evidence to support evidence-based conflict management.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 3","pages":"317-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine Distemper Virus Research in China and Future Directions for Conservation\u0000 中国犬瘟热病毒研究现状与保护策略展望","authors":"Aliana C. Norris,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Peng,&nbsp;Hua Zhong,&nbsp;Joseph P. Lambert,&nbsp;Philip Riordan","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Canine distemper is a highly contagious, severe disease caused by the canine distemper virus (CDV). With a worldwide distribution and ever-expanding list of susceptible hosts, CDV poses a growing risk for many threatened wildlife species, both in captivity and their native habitats. As a megadiverse country, China is home to myriad endemic and threatened species, many of which have the potential to be impacted by a CDV outbreak. To understand China's current priorities for CDV research, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published CDV research performed in China. Qualified results were collated from multiple databases, and data concerning the research topic and host species were categorized. We utilized Pearson's Chi-squared test and standardized Pearson residuals to identify and measure deviations from the expected proportions of research distribution. We found that there were significant biases in all groupings tested. The research was significantly biased toward domestic animals, in-vitro laboratory work, and farmed animals, and the research topics of detection, phylogenetics, and viral structure and function. After further excluding species not of conservation concern, we found the remaining research significantly biased toward captive species. Threatened native species were significantly more represented in this subset of literature than non-native or those with lower IUCN statuses. Bias in research topics for the subset also varied, shifting to have significantly more work done on the topics of surveillance, phylogenetics, and prevention. More work is necessary to better understand and address the threat of CDV infections to susceptible wild populations in China. Work done in-vitro and in domestic, farmed, and captive populations can set a foundation of knowledge, from which to expand and apply to wild populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 3","pages":"268-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Xishuangbanna Declaration ATBC 2026 “Building Partnerships for Ecological Resilience and Long-Term Sustainability in Tropical Asia”","authors":"Yang Jiao,&nbsp;Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz,&nbsp;Charles H Cannon Jr.,&nbsp;Hui Chen,&nbsp;Jin Chen,&nbsp;Yajun Chen,&nbsp;Richard T. Corlett,&nbsp;Gbadamassi G.O. Dossa,&nbsp;Zexin Fan,&nbsp;Eben Goodale,&nbsp;Ruichang Quan,&nbsp;Divya Vasudev,&nbsp;Sidi Wang,&nbsp;Jie Yang,&nbsp;ATBC-Conservation Committee,&nbsp;Catherine Cardelus,&nbsp;Yaowu Xing","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70088","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Twenty years have passed since the first ATBC annual conference held in China and the issuance of the landmark 2006 Kunming Declaration, titled “The Critical Need for Forest Conservation and Strategic Research in Tropical Asia.” (ATBC &lt;span&gt;2006&lt;/span&gt;). That declaration outlined urgent priorities for the tropical Asia region, including the expansion of protected areas, strengthening of scientific capacity, and the promotion of regional cooperation. In 2026, the ATBC returned to China, this time in Xishuangbanna. The ATBC 2026 conference (Figure 1) presented a timely opportunity to review progress and establish renewed priorities for biodiversity conservation in tropical Asia. The present declaration is endorsed by the ATBC Conservation Committee, the ATBC Council, XTBG, and the conference organizing committees.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Protected area extent across tropical Asia has expanded substantially over the past two decades. Scientific capacity in the region has grown considerably, supported by institutions working across borders—exemplified by the Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SEABRI, CAS), which has supported biodiversity research, ranger training programs, and the development of regional scientists for over a decade. The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework set 23 targets, including the 30 × 30 target for protected area coverage, and has established common benchmarks for the region (Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;), while joint research initiatives in border regions and new funding mechanisms launched at COP15 of the UN Biodiversity Convention have advanced practical implementation and transboundary cooperation. As a direct beneficiary of these regional efforts, Xishuangbanna, situated at the convergence of tropical and subtropical zones and bordering Myanmar and Laos, illustrates this progress: despite representing only 1/500 of China's mainland area, hosting 1/5 of China's plant diversity and 1/4 of its animal diversity (Xishuangbanna Prefecture Government &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Xishuangbanna has also expanded cross-border conservation—the China-Laos joint protection area has grown since 2012 from 200,000 to 333,000 hectares (Xishuangbanna Prefecture Government &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; China News Service &lt;span&gt;2026&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yet significant challenges remain across tropical Asia. Many threats identified in 2006—agricultural expansion, logging, and illegal wildlife trade—continue to drive forest degradation and species declines, while climate change, emerging pollutants, and escalating human&lt;i&gt;–&lt;/i&gt;wildlife conflict place new pressures on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region. Knowledge gaps still persist, and transboundary mechanisms need strengthening. These challenges highlight the interdependence of ecosystems, species, and human health, underscoring the need for strategic and collaborative responses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Building partnerships for ecological resilie","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 3","pages":"247-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Documentation of Two Rare Fern Species in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, Yunnan, China","authors":"Hongmei Liu,&nbsp;Zhenhua Zhu,&nbsp;Yiluo DuanYu,&nbsp;Harald Schneider","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transboundary conservation actions have been recognized as essential in our efforts to stop the loss of biodiversity. However, lack of information on species distributions in transboundary regions and accordingly the understanding of the threats in these areas impairs conservation. During a preliminary survey of ferns and lycophytes in Menglun Sub-reserve of the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, Yunnan, China, two species were collected and identified as new records, which are the new Chinese record of <i>Leptochilus wusugongii</i>, new record of <i>Hymenasplenium wusugongii</i> in Mengla County, and the rediscovery of populations of <i>Cyrtomium latifalcatum</i>, these first two species were only newly published and recorded in Laos. This study represents the need for more survey in the transboundary regions and joined efforts in the assessment of conservation needs as well as planning of conservation actions crossing the borders of several nations.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"173-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Spatial Population Density Distribution Dynamics of Lynx and Ungulate Prey in Cold-Temperate Coniferous Forests\u0000 寒温带针叶林猞猁和有蹄类猎物种群密度空间分布的季节性动态研究","authors":"Wentao Zhang,&nbsp;Heng Bao,&nbsp;Chenbing Chu,&nbsp;Hualin Du,&nbsp;Jian Tong,&nbsp;Penghui Zhai,&nbsp;Weihua Zhang,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Kun Yang,&nbsp;Xuankai Liang,&nbsp;Nathan James Roberts,&nbsp;Guangshun Jiang","doi":"10.1002/inc3.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/inc3.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the drivers of wildlife spatial distribution can help to guide effective conservation and management. Seasonality is an important factor affecting food resources and other habitat conditions, influencing spatial distribution dynamics. This study used data from 110 camera traps in the Inner Mongolia Hanma National Nature Reserve, China, from 2016 to 2021 to estimate the population densities of lynx (<i>Lynx lynx</i>) and three ungulate prey species, and analyzed them using Random Encounter Models. We used generalized linear mixed models to examine the effects of environmental factors on the spatial density distribution of prey and their impacts on the lynx spatial density distribution in cold and warm seasons. The results showed that during the warm season, roe deer (<i>Capreolus pygargus</i>) spatial density distribution was influenced by forest swamps and birch forests; in the cold season, fallen logs, shrub swamps, and mixed forests most significantly impacted distribution. Moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) population density was higher near shrub swamps during the warm season, but higher in areas with higher <i>Betula fruticosa</i> shrub abundance and fewer fallen logs in the cold season. Musk deer (<i>Moschus moschiferus</i>) population density was higher closer to roads, birch forests, and mixed forests in both warm and cold seasons, and either higher (cold season) or lower (warm season) <i>B</i>. <i>fruticosa</i> shrub abundance. Except for moose in high-elevation areas during the cold season, the three ungulate species inhabited low-elevation areas during warm and cold seasons. Lynx spatial density distribution in the warm season was primarily influenced by musk deer density, <i>B</i>. <i>fruticosa</i> shrub abundance, and fallen tree abundance; in the cold season, lynx were mainly affected by roe deer and musk deer density, elevation, and slope. To assist lynx recovery in the region, protection of wild prey populations should be strengthened, and habitat quality elements, such as forest structure and composition, should be improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":100680,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"225-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/inc3.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}