IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society最新文献_第8页

Hybrid Time-of-Flight Image Sensors for Middle-Range Outdoor Applications 用于中程户外应用的混合飞行时间图像传感器

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3133224

Shoji Kawahito;Keita Yasutomi;Kamel Mars

{"title":"Hybrid Time-of-Flight Image Sensors for Middle-Range Outdoor Applications","authors":"Shoji Kawahito;Keita Yasutomi;Kamel Mars","doi":"10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3133224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3133224","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new series of time-of-flight (TOF) range image sensors that can be used for outdoor middle-range (10m to 100m) applications by employing a small duty-cycle modulated light pulse with a relatively high optical peak power. This set of TOF sensors is referred to here as a hybrid TOF (hTOF) image sensor. The hTOF image sensor is based on the indirect TOF measurement principle but simultaneously uses the direct TOF concept for coarse measurements. Compared to conventional indirect TOF image sensors for outdoor middle-range applications, the hTOF image sensor has a distinct advantage due to the reduction of capturing ambient light charge. To show the potential of the hTOF image sensor for outdoor middle-range operation, a model of estimating distance precision of hTOF image sensors is built and applied it by using possible sensor specifications to estimate the distance precision of the hTOF range camera in 10m, 20m and 40m measurements under the ambient-light condition of 100klux and its feasibility is discussed. In outdoor 10m-range measurements, the advantage of hTOF image sensors compared to the conventional indirect TOF image sensors is discussed by considering the amount of captured ambient-light charge in pixels.","PeriodicalId":100633,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"38-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782712/9733783/09638992.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67868117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Challenges and Trends of Nonvolatile In-Memory-Computation Circuits for AI Edge Devices 用于AI边缘设备的非易失性内存计算电路的挑战和趋势

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3123287

Je-Min Hung;Chuan-Jia Jhang;Ping-Chun Wu;Yen-Cheng Chiu;Meng-Fan Chang

引用次数: 22

Fast Validation of Mixed-Signal SoCs 混合信号SoC的快速验证

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3122397

Daniel Stanley;Can Wang;Sung-Jin Kim;Steven Herbst;Jaeha Kim;Mark Horowitz

引用次数: 4

A Spurless and Wideband Continuous-Time Electro-Optical Phase Locked Loop (CT-EOPLL) for High Performance LiDAR 用于高性能激光雷达的无杂散宽带连续时间电光锁相环（CT-EOPLL）

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3120243

Ali Binaie;Sohail Ahasan;Harish Krishnaswamy

{"title":"A Spurless and Wideband Continuous-Time Electro-Optical Phase Locked Loop (CT-EOPLL) for High Performance LiDAR","authors":"Ali Binaie;Sohail Ahasan;Harish Krishnaswamy","doi":"10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3120243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3120243","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) LiDAR systems are drawing increasing interest due to their potential applications in autonomous driving, machine perception, rapid prototyping, and medical diagnostics. The nonlinearity of a laser’s input-output transfer function can degrade the performance of an FMCW LiDAR. However, traditional discrete-time electro-optical phase-locked loops (DT-EOPLLs) face an unfavorable trade-off between chirp bandwidth and Mach-Zehnder delay. We present an integrated continuous-time electro-optic phase-locked loop (CT-EOPLL) to address this problem. The proposed EOPLL is very wideband, with its loop bandwidth equal to its reference frequency. This feature enables it to relax the trade-off between chirp bandwidth and Mach-Zehnder (MZ) delay by \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$10times $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 in dB scale, which consequently reduces the area and loss associated with the silicon photonic delay implementation. It also does not suffer from the challenging issue of spurs in wideband PLLs because it features image and harmonic spur suppression in the loop using single-sideband (SSB) and harmonic-reject (HR) mixing techniques. The electrical part of this EOPLL is implemented in 65nm CMOS technology, and its optical integrated circuit is fabricated using a silicon photonic process. Featuring more than 25dB of suppression of the highest spur, this EOPLL is utilized in a high precision LiDAR sensor that shows an RMS depth precision of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$558~mu text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 at 2m distance, and a 9.4mm RMS depth resolution at ranges exceeding 3.3m.","PeriodicalId":100633,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society","volume":"1 ","pages":"235-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782712/8816720/09576527.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67861569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review of Semiconductor-Based Monolithic Optical Phased Array Architectures 半导体单片光学相控阵结构综述

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3120238

Hossein Hashemi

引用次数: 5

An Overview of Energy-Efficient Hardware Accelerators for On-Device Deep-Neural-Network Training 用于设备上深度神经网络训练的节能硬件加速器综述

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3119554

Jinsu Lee;Hoi-Jun Yoo

{"title":"An Overview of Energy-Efficient Hardware Accelerators for On-Device Deep-Neural-Network Training","authors":"Jinsu Lee;Hoi-Jun Yoo","doi":"10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3119554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3119554","url":null,"abstract":"Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been widely used in various artificial intelligence (AI) applications due to their overwhelming performance. Furthermore, recently, several algorithms have been reported that require on-device training to deliver higher performance in real-world environments and protect users’ personal data. However, edge/mobile devices contain only limited computation capability with battery power, so an energy-efficient DNN training processor is necessary to realize on-device training. Although there are a lot of surveys on energy-efficient DNN inference hardware, the training is quite different from the inference. Therefore, analysis and optimization techniques targeting DNN training are required. This article aims to provide an overview of energy-efficient DNN processing that enables on-device training. Specifically, it will provide hardware optimization techniques to overcomes the design challenges in terms of distinct dataflow, external memory access, and computation. In addition, this paper summarizes key schemes of recent energy-efficient DNN training ASICs. Moreover, we will also show a design example of DNN training ASIC with energy-efficient optimization techniques.","PeriodicalId":100633,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society","volume":"1 ","pages":"115-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782712/8816720/09569757.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67860280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

An Overview of Noise-Shaping SAR ADC: From Fundamentals to the Frontier 噪声整形SAR ADC综述：从基础到前沿

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3119910

Lu Jie;Xiyuan Tang;Jiaxin Liu;Linxiao Shen;Shaolan Li;Nan Sun;Michael P. Flynn

引用次数: 11

A High-Throughput Photon Processing Technique for Range Extension of SPAD-Based LiDAR Receivers 一种用于SPAD激光雷达接收机增程的高通量光子处理技术

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3118987

Sarrah M. Patanwala;Istvan Gyongy;Hanning Mai;Andreas Aßmann;Neale A. W. Dutton;Bruce R. Rae;Robert K. Henderson

引用次数: 18

Recent Advances in High-Resolution Hybrid Discrete-Time Noise-Shaping ADCs 高分辨率混合离散时间噪声整形ADC的最新进展

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3118668

Dongyang Jiang;Sai-Weng Sin;Liang Qi;Guoxing Wang;Rui P. Martins

引用次数: 4

A 240 × 160 3D-Stacked SPAD dToF Image Sensor With Rolling Shutter and In-Pixel Histogram for Mobile Devices 用于移动设备的具有滚动快门和像素内直方图的240×160三维堆叠SPAD dToF图像传感器

IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3118332

Chao Zhang;Ning Zhang;Zhijie Ma;Letian Wang;Yu Qin;Jieyang Jia;Kai Zang

{"title":"A 240 × 160 3D-Stacked SPAD dToF Image Sensor With Rolling Shutter and In-Pixel Histogram for Mobile Devices","authors":"Chao Zhang;Ning Zhang;Zhijie Ma;Letian Wang;Yu Qin;Jieyang Jia;Kai Zang","doi":"10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3118332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJSSCS.2021.3118332","url":null,"abstract":"A 240 \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$times$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 160 single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) sensor integrated with a 3D-stacked 65nm/65nm CMOS technology is reported for direct time-of-flight (dToF) 3D imaging in mobile devices. The top tier is occupied by backside illuminated SPADs with 16 \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu {mathrm{ m}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 pitch and 49.7% fill-factor. The SPADS consists of multiple 16\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$times$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u000016 SPADs top groups, in which each of 8 \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$times$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 8 SPADs sub-group shares a 10-bit, 97.65ps and 100ns range time-to-digital converter (TDC) in a quad-partition rolling shutter mode. During the exposure of each rolling stage, partial histogramming readout (PHR) approach is implemented to compress photon events to in-pixel histograms. Since the fine histograms is incomplete, for the first time we propose histogram distortion correction (HDC) algorithm to solve the linearity discontinuity at the coarse bin edges. With this algorithm, depth measurement up to 9.5m achieves an accuracy of 1cm and precision of 9mm in office lighting condition. Outdoor measurement with 10 klux sunlight achieves a maximum distance detection of 4m at 20 fps, using a VCSEL laser with the average power of 90 mW and peak power of 15 W.","PeriodicalId":100633,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782712/9733783/09565145.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67868220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23