eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100252
{"title":"Anodes for low-temperature rechargeable batteries","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rechargeable alkali metal ion (Li<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>) batteries have shown great success in room-temperature energy storage. However, their low-temperature (subzero temperature) applications are still severely restricted, and the poor electrochemical performance of the anode materials at low temperature serves as a critical obstacle. Therefore, it is urgent to obtain a comprehensive understanding towards the key effects of low temperatures on the performance of the anodes and overview the related improving strategies. In this work, the effects that temperature would impose on electrode performance are firstly discussed. Next, the progress in low-temperature anodes of alkali metal ion batteries is reviewed, by the classification of the reaction types of the anode materials, including intercalation-type anodes, conversion-type anodes, alloy anodes and alkali metal anodes, and corresponding strategies to improve the performance of the anodes are summarized as well. At last, some promising research directions in this field are proposed. This work is intended to shed some light on future exploitation of high-performance low-temperature anode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140151594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100255
{"title":"Catalyst-free electrochemical SNAr of electron-rich fluoroarenes using carboxylic acids","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, an electrochemically driven catalyst-free nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S<sub>N</sub>Ar) of electron-rich fluoroarenes with carboxylic acids as weak nucleophiles under mild conditions was reported. A series of highly valuable ester derivatives were obtained in a direct and rapid way. This transformation features commercially available reagents and an exceptionally broad substrate scope with good functional group tolerance, using cheap and abundant electrodes and completed within a short reaction time. Gram-scale synthesis and complex biorelevant compounds ligation further highlighted the potential utility of the methodology. The mechanistic investigations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations verified the feasibility of the proposed pathway of this transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100280
{"title":"Investigating explainable transfer learning for battery lifetime prediction under state transitions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Battery lifetime prediction at early cycles is crucial for researchers and manufacturers to examine product quality and promote technology development. Machine learning has been widely utilized to construct data-driven solutions for high-accuracy predictions. However, the internal mechanisms of batteries are sensitive to many factors, such as charging/discharging protocols, manufacturing/storage conditions, and usage patterns. These factors will induce state transitions, thereby decreasing the prediction accuracy of data-driven approaches. Transfer learning is a promising technique that overcomes this difficulty and achieves accurate predictions by jointly utilizing information from various sources. Hence, we develop two transfer learning methods, Bayesian Model Fusion and Weighted Orthogonal Matching Pursuit, to strategically combine prior knowledge with limited information from the target dataset to achieve superior prediction performance. From our results, our transfer learning methods reduce root-mean-squared error by 41% through adapting to the target domain. Furthermore, the transfer learning strategies identify the variations of impactful features across different sets of batteries and therefore disentangle the battery degradation mechanisms and the root cause of state transitions from the perspective of data mining. These findings suggest that the transfer learning strategies proposed in our work are capable of acquiring knowledge across multiple data sources for solving specialized issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141132075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100293
{"title":"Modulating selective interaction of NiOOH with Mg ions for high-performance aqueous batteries","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aqueous Mg-ion batteries (AMIBs) featuring advantages of good safety, low cost, and high specific energy have been recognized as a promising energy-storage technology. However, the performance of AMIBs is consistently limited by sluggish diffusion kinetics and structural degradation of cathode materials arising from the strong electrostatic interactions between high-charge-density Mg<sup>2+</sup> and host materials. Here, layered-structured NiOOH, as traditional cathodes for alkaline batteries, is initially demonstrated to realize proton-assisted Mg-(de)intercalation chemistry with a high discharge platform (0.57 V) in neutral aqueous electrolytes. Benefiting from the unique core/shell structure, the resulting NiOOH/CNT cathodes achieve a high capacity of 122.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> and long cycle stability. Further theoretical calculations reveal that the binding energy of hydrated Mg<sup>2+</sup> is higher than that of Mg<sup>2+</sup> with NiOOH, resulting in that Mg<sup>2+</sup> is easily intercalated/de-intercalated into/from NiOOH. Benefiting from the freestanding design, the assembled fiber-shaped “rocking-chair” NaTi<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>//NiOOH AMIB shows a high energy density and satisfactory mechanical flexibility, which could be woven into a commercial fabric and power for fiber-shaped photoelectric sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141930569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100249
{"title":"Versatile carbon-based materials from biomass for advanced electrochemical energy storage systems","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of new energy storage technology has played a crucial role in advancing the green and low-carbon energy revolution. This has led to significant progress, spanning from fundamental research to its practical application in industry over the past decade. Nevertheless, the constrained performance of crucial materials poses a significant challenge, as current electrochemical energy storage systems may struggle to meet the growing market demand. In recent years, carbon derived from biomass has garnered significant attention because of its customizable physicochemical properties, environmentally friendly nature, and considerable economic value. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the production-application chain for biomass-derived carbon. It provides a comprehensive analysis of morphology design, structural regulation, and heteroatom-doping modification, and explores the operational mechanisms in different energy storage devices. Moreover, considering recent research progress, the potential uses of biomass-derived carbon in alkali metal-ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, and supercapacitors are thoroughly assessed, offering a broader outlook on the emerging energy sector. Finally, based on the technical challenges that need to be addressed, potential research directions and development objectives are suggested for achieving large-scale production of biomass-derived carbon in the field of energy storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140003030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100273
{"title":"Textured CsPbI3 nanorods composite fibers for stable high output piezoelectric energy harvester","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) based on halide perovskite materials has demonstrated significant promise for energy harvesting applications. However, the challenge of synthesizing halide perovskite materials with both high output performance and stability using a straightforward process persists as a substantial obstacle. Herein, we present the fabrication of CsPbI<sub>3</sub> nanorods (NRs) exhibiting highly uniform orientation within polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibers through a simple texture engineering approach, marking the instance of enhancing PENG performance in this manner. The resultant composite fibers showcase a short-circuit current density (<em>I</em><sub>sc</sub>) of 0.78 μA cm<sup>−2</sup> and an open-circuit voltage (<em>V</em><sub>oc</sub>) of 81 V, representing a 2.5 fold increase compared to the previously reported highest value achieved without the electric poling process. This outstanding output performance is ascribed to the orientation of CsPbI<sub>3</sub> NRs facilitated by texture engineering and dipole poling via the self-polarization effect. Additionally, the PENG exhibits exceptional thermal and water stability, rendering it suitable for deployment in diverse and challenging environmental conditions. Our findings underscore the significant potential of textured CsPbI<sub>3</sub> NRs composite fibers for powering low-power consumer electronics, including commercial LEDs and electronic watches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100245
{"title":"Characteristics, materials, and performance of Ru-containing oxide cathode materials for rechargeable batteries","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Li-rich Mn-based cathode materials have attracted extensive attention due to their remarkable energy density contributed by additional anionic redox. However, they always suffer from some undesired problems impeding their further commercialization such as irreversible oxygen loss, transition metal migration, sluggish kinetics and so on. Fortunately, the above issues can be relieved effectively when 3d metal Mn is replaced by 4d metal Ru. We focus on the recent progress of Ru-containing cathode materials and make a detailed summary in this review. At first, we attempt to combine and elucidate the relationship between oxygen and Ru redox. Subsequently, the up-to-date materials of Ru-based cathode materials for Li<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> batteries are concluded systematically. Afterward, the effects of Ru are discussed in depth including enhancing the reversibility of anionic redox and structural stability, modulating the ratio between cationic and anionic redox, improving the kinetics of Li<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup>, inhibiting the transition metal migration and so on. More importantly, the future designs of Ru-containing cathode materials are also proposed enlighteningly. We hope this review could offer some new perspectives to comprehend the layered oxides involving anionic redox and provide useful guidelines to achieve better Li<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> rechargeable batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139657769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100271
{"title":"Fabricating ultralight and ultrathin copper current collectors for high-energy batteries","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving cell-level gravimetric and volumetric energy density is essential to achieve high-performance batteries in the rapidly evolving field of energy storage technology, which requires consideration of all cell components. Traditional current collectors (CCs) made of metal foil, especially the copper (Cu) current collector of the anode, possess high mass and cost yet do not contribute to capacity. Reducing the weight of Cu CC with minimum thickness and desirable mechanical strength is critical in enhancing energy density but is technically challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a fast and scalable chemical coating method based on electroless plating for fabricating ultralight CC (∼1.72 mg cm<sup>−2</sup>) with a thin Cu layer (500 nm) on an ultrathin polyethylene (PE) polymer scaffold (5 μm). The ultralight and ultrathin CC possesses high metal purity, high mechanical strength, high thermal stability, and outstanding electrochemical performances in lithium-ion and lithium-metal battery systems. Our ultralight CC only exhibits ∼30% of the weight of 6 μm Cu foil, leading to a 5−10% improvement in cell-level gravimetric energy density without sacrificing volumetric energy density. Moreover, the simplicity and scalability of the chemical coating method make it a promising solution for the mass production of ultra-thin and lightweight current collectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100250
{"title":"Recent advances in flexible self-oscillating actuators","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft actuators are constituted by a type of intelligent materials, and they can generate reversible mechanical motions under external stimuli. They usually achieve continuous actuation by manual turning on or off the power supply, which significantly increases the operation complexity. In contrast, self-oscillating actuators can achieve autonomous motions under constant stimuli, and have recently attained great advancements, as well as promoted the development of autonomous soft robotics. In this review, the latest achievements of soft oscillators are summarized. First, the self-oscillating mechanisms mainly including oscillating chemical reactions and self-shadowing-induced mechanical negative feedback loops are discussed. The oscillators constructed with various materials and configurations, driven by different stimuli and applied in different fields are then presented in detail. Finally, the difficulties and hopes of oscillators are presented. Overall, self-oscillating actuators are in the stage of vigorous development, and we believe that in the future, they will be used in various fields and make many scenarios more intelligent and autonomous.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140092517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
eSciencePub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2024.100269
{"title":"Metal−support interaction in single-atom electrocatalysts: A perspective of metal oxide supports","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discovery of single-atom catalysts (SACs) represents a groundbreaking advancement in the field of catalysis over the past decades. With the in-depth exploration of relevant structure-activity relationships, the metal−support interaction (MSI) is widely adopted to elucidate variations in electronic structure and coordination configuration of atomic active sites on various kinds of supports. Herein, we briefly summarize the metal oxide supports for SACs fabrication, including the distinctive characteristics of metal oxide supports, enlightening advancements in metal oxide support-based SACs (MO-SACs), feasible preparation methods for MO-SACs and effective regulation strategies of MSI effect in MO-SACs. In addition, we present our viewpoints and outlook in this field to stimulate rational design and construction of novel MO-SACs applied in diverse renewable energy devices, while some universal suggestions are sincerely given to provoke thoughtful considerations during the research process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140759351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}