eScience最新文献

{"title":"AI-enabled full-body dynamic avatar reconstruction using triboelectric smart clothing for metaverse applications","authors":"Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Tian ,&nbsp;Zhengang An,&nbsp;Bo Li,&nbsp;Dachao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Full-body avatar reconstruction offers users immersive and interactive experiences in virtual space, which are crucial for the advancement of metaverse applications. However, traditional hardware solutions, reliant on optical cameras or inertial sensors, are hampered by privacy concerns, spatial limitations, high costs, and calibration challenges. Here, we propose AI-enabled smart clothing that seamlessly integrates triboelectric strain-sensing fibers (TSSFs) and AI algorithms with commercial fitness suits to achieve precise dynamic 3D reconstruction of body movement. TSSFs enable the dynamic capture of body postures and excel in sensitivity, linearity, and strain range, while maintaining mechanical stability, temperature resilience, and washability. The integrated algorithms accurately decouple posture signals — distinguishing between similar postures with the 1D-CNN algorithm, compensating for body-shape differences via a calibration algorithm, and determining spatial elements for avatar reconstruction using a decision-tree algorithm. Finally, leveraging Unity-3D, we achieve ultra-accurate dynamic 3D avatars with a joint angle error of &lt;3.63° and demonstrate their effectiveness using VR fitness and entertainment applications, showing how they can offer users standardized yet engaging experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100373"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reutilization and upcycling of spent graphite for sustainable lithium-ion batteries: Progress and perspectives","authors":"Xueqian Li ,&nbsp;Chenglong Deng ,&nbsp;Mengyao Liu ,&nbsp;Jiawei Xiong ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiaoyi Yan ,&nbsp;Jiao Lin ,&nbsp;Cen Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Wu ,&nbsp;Yi Zhao ,&nbsp;Renjie Chen ,&nbsp;Li Li","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the development of sustainable lithium-ion batteries, achieving the efficient and cost-effective recycling of all components, particularly spent graphite (SG) anodes, has become a critical requirement. While considerable efforts have been devoted to recovering and reusing SG materials under conventional conditions, limited attention has been given to recycling under extreme conditions. This review systematically elucidates the main failure mechanisms of graphite anodes, including lithium plating and dendrite formation, solid electrolyte interface film failure, structural degradation, and current collector corrosion, with a particular focus on low-temperature and fast-charging conditions. As a contribution toward optimizing resource utilization, this review comprehensively summarizes the industrial perspective on strategies for recycling SG anodes, which aim to produce high-purity regenerated graphite (RG) powders. We also analyze current methods for modifying RG, such as structural reconstruction and surface reconditioning, to bring added value to modified RG materials. A detailed examination of the technical challenges in SG recycling and RG upgrading is presented, offering guidance for the future development of graphite upcycling technologies. This review also provides valuable insights into achieving high efficiency, intelligence, and sustainability in graphite utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100394"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevating Li-ion battery paradigms: Sophisticated ionic architectures in lithium-excess layered oxides for unprecedented electrochemical performance","authors":"Jun Ho Yu ,&nbsp;Konstantin Köster ,&nbsp;Natalia Voronina ,&nbsp;Sungkyu Kim ,&nbsp;Hyeon-Ji Shin ,&nbsp;Kyung Sun Kim ,&nbsp;Kyuwook Ihm ,&nbsp;Hyungsub Kim ,&nbsp;Hun-Gi Jung ,&nbsp;Koji Yazawa ,&nbsp;Olivier Guillon ,&nbsp;Pierluigi Gargiani ,&nbsp;Laura Simonelli ,&nbsp;Payam Kaghazchi ,&nbsp;Seung-Taek Myung","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In exploring the frontier of high-energy-density cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, substantial progress has been made by fine-tuning the composition of Ni-rich cathodes tailored for high-capacity operation. Equally promising are Li-rich cathode materials, which leverage the novel mechanism of oxygen-redox chemistry to achieve enhanced capacities. Nonetheless, the practical realization of these capacities remains elusive, falling short of the desired benchmarks. In this work, we pioneer a Mn-based, Co-free, reduced-nickel, high-capacity cathode material: Li_0.75[Li_0.15Ni_0.15Mn_0.7]O₂ ionic exchanged from Na_0.75[Li_0.15Ni_0.15Mn_0.7]O₂. This material is an O2-type layered structure, distinguished by honeycomb ordering within the transition-metal layer, as confirmed by comprehensive neutron and X-ray studies and extensive electrostatic screening. The material's unique structural integrity facilitates the delivery of an exceptional quantity of Li⁺ ions <em>via</em> O²⁻/<span><math><mrow><msup><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> redox, circumventing oxygen release and phase transition. The de/lithiation process enables the delivery of a substantial reversible capacity of ∼284 ​mAh ​(g-oxide)⁻¹ (956 ​Wh ​(kg-oxide)⁻¹). Moreover, this structural and chemical stability contributes to an acceptable cycling stability for 500 ​cycles in full cells, providing improved thermal stability with lower exothermic heat generation and thus highlighting the feasibility of a Mn-based, Co-free, reduced-nickel composition. This investigation marks a pivotal advancement in layered lithium cathode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100376"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable ultrathin solid electrolyte from recycled Antheraea pernyi silk with regulated ion transport for solid-state Li–S batteries","authors":"Lu Nie ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Wu ,&nbsp;Mengtian Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinru Wu ,&nbsp;Xiao Xiao ,&nbsp;Runhua Gao ,&nbsp;Zhihong Piao ,&nbsp;Xian Wu ,&nbsp;Ya Song ,&nbsp;Shaojie Chen ,&nbsp;Yanfei Zhu ,&nbsp;Yi Yu ,&nbsp;Shengjie Ling ,&nbsp;Ke Zheng ,&nbsp;Guangmin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrathin solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with rapid Li⁺ transport are ideal for developing high-energy-density all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. However, a significant challenge remains in balancing the intrinsic trade-off between electrochemical performance and mechanical properties. Herein, <em>Antheraea pernyi</em> fibers recycled from waste silk textiles are utilized as the raw materials to construct a porous and strong supporting skeleton for fabricating ultrathin SSE. This skeleton not only provides efficient three-dimensional Li⁺ transport channels, but also immobilizes Li-salt anions, resulting in homogenized Li⁺ flux and local current density distribution, thereby promoting uniform Li deposition. As a result, the obtained ultrathin SSE exhibits excellent ion-regulated properties, enhanced electrochemical stability, and superior dendrite suppression. Additionally, the formation of an inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface layer is beneficial for stabilizing the interface contact between the SSE and Li anode. The solid-state Li|sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (Li|SPAN) cell delivers an excellent capacity retention of 92.3% after 500 cycles at 1 ​C. Moreover, the prepared high-voltage Li|LiCoO₂ pouch cell exhibits a capacity retention of 90.1% at 0.2 ​C after 200 cycles. This work presents an economically effective strategy for reutilizing waste textiles as ion-conducting mechanical supports for energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic and kinetic insights for manipulating aqueous Zn battery chemistry: Towards future grid-scale renewable energy storage systems","authors":"Yajun Zhao ,&nbsp;Yueyang Wang ,&nbsp;Jinze Li ,&nbsp;Jiawei Xiong ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Kovan Khasraw Abdalla ,&nbsp;Yi Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhao Cai ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The invention of aqueous Zn batteries (AZBs) traces back to the eighteenth century. Recently, however, AZBs have been undergoing a renaissance due to the urgent need for renewable energy storage devices that are intrinsically safe, inexpensive, and environmentally benign. The escalating demand for high-energy, fast-charging AZBs, particularly in grid-scale energy storage systems, necessitates a profound exploration of the fundamental aspects of electrode chemistries. In particular, a comprehensive understanding from the viewpoints of thermodynamics and kinetics is crucial, with the aim of advancing the development of next-generation AZBs that have high power and energy densities. However, clarification about the fundamental issues in AZB chemistry has yet to be achieved. This review offers a thorough exploration of the thermodynamics and dynamic mechanisms at the anode and cathode, with the aim of helping researchers achieve high-performance AZBs. The inherent challenges and corresponding strategies related to electrode thermodynamic and dynamic optimization are summarized, followed by insights into future directions for developing high-energy, fast-charging AZBs. We conclude by considering the future prospects for AZBs and offering recommendations for making further advancements in discovering new redox chemistries, optimizing electrode architectures, and achieving integrated battery designs, all of which are considered essential and time-sensitive for making high-energy, fast-charging, and durable AZBs a reality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in electrochemical synthesis: Expanding from water electrolysis to dual-value-added products","authors":"Genxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Ao Chen ,&nbsp;Yao Chen ,&nbsp;Fen Qiao ,&nbsp;Junfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Nianjun Yang ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenhai Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of electrochemical technologies for chemical and fuel synthesis offers a significantly more eco-friendly method than traditional industrial practice. However, electrochemical synthesis in aqueous solutions often involves a sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode, yielding products that are less economically viable and leading to inefficient energy use. This challenge has prompted extensive research into replacing the OER with fast, value-added oxidation reactions (OER alternatives) in electrolysis systems. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress in coupled electrochemical systems that integrate OER alternatives with reduction reactions, beyond hydrogen evolution reactions, in aqueous solutions to synthesize dual value-added products. After providing a general overview, we start by introducing two key factors: (i) electrolytic devices and (ii) advanced characterization techniques for mechanism investigation. The focus then shifts to catalysts developed so far and their corresponding catalytic mechanisms, and to the electrochemical performance of these hybrid electrolysis systems. Finally, we outline and discuss the challenges and prospects for these integrated electrochemical systems to offer insights into future research directions and applications. We envision that this review will provide a panorama of electrolysis systems for dual value-added products, thereby fostering the development of green synthesis with zero carbon emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100333"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A versatile catalyst in situ self-cleaning method for excellent cycling and operational stability in small-molecule electrooxidation","authors":"Zhi-Xiang Yuan ,&nbsp;Yingjie Gao ,&nbsp;Shan-Qing Li ,&nbsp;Jie Xuan ,&nbsp;Xin-Yu Sheng ,&nbsp;Fei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yao Zheng ,&nbsp;Ping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2025.100375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrochemical oxidation of small molecules is a promising approach in chemical synthesis, but catalyst deactivation due to the accumulation of poorly soluble products on the surface remains a significant challenge. To address this, we propose an <em>in situ</em> cleaning method using an additional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to regenerate degraded catalysts. The OER facilitates the removal of insoluble products, thereby restoring active sites. Taking the electrochemical oxidation of tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) to dihydroisoquinoline (DHIQ) as an example, we develop a highly active γ-Ni(Co)OOH anode. The OER generates oxygen, promoting the oxidation of DHIQ to IQ, which is more soluble, thus effectively removing DHIQ from the catalyst surface. After 120 cycles in a small-scale pilot test, the current stability exceeds 98%, and the product selectivity reaches 95%. This method demonstrates the highest stability to date, outperforming previous catalysts 15-fold, and can be applied to other electrocatalytic systems facing similar deactivation issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100375"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bubble evolution dynamics in alkaline water electrolysis","authors":"Lingao Deng ,&nbsp;Liming Jin ,&nbsp;Luyu Yang ,&nbsp;Chenchen Feng ,&nbsp;An Tao ,&nbsp;Xianlin Jia ,&nbsp;Zhen Geng ,&nbsp;Cunman Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangzhi Cui ,&nbsp;Jianlin Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is anticipated that alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) technology will assume a significant role in the future energy sector, facilitating the integration of renewable energy and hydrogen production. Regrettably, the efficiency of AWE is not yet optimal. In particular, the inefficiency caused by bubbles at increased current density is often overlooked, necessitating a detailed understanding of the intricate relationship between bubble evolution and electrolytic reactions. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the fundamental theory and recent research on bubbles, and outlines the primary challenges and research directions for bubble dynamics in AWE. First, the theory of bubble nucleation, growth, and detachment is reviewed and summarized. Subsequently, the impact of bubbles on the diverse processes occurring during the electrolysis reaction is meticulously delineated and examined. The following section presents a thorough compilation and categorization of the methods employed to remove bubbles, with a detailed analysis of the strategies deployed to mitigate the impact of gas bubble traffic. Additionally, an in-depth exploration of the research methodology employed at each stage of the bubble evolution process is provided. Finally, the review concludes with a summary and outlook on the opportunities and challenges associated with studying bubble dynamics in AWE, offering insights into innovative avenues for efficient electrolytic hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Mn-based electrocatalysts: Evolving from Mn-centered octahedral entities to bulk forms","authors":"Huan Li ,&nbsp;Jinchao Xu ,&nbsp;Liyuan Yang ,&nbsp;Wanying Wang ,&nbsp;Bin Shao ,&nbsp;Fangyi Cheng ,&nbsp;Chunning Zhao ,&nbsp;Weichao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing transition metal compound (TMC) catalysts is complicated by the intricate relationship between their crystal and electronic structures and their catalytic performance. To address this challenge, we propose the “from active unit to catalyst” (FAUC) strategy starting with optimizing the physical property of a Mn-centered [MnO₆] entity to ensure its catalytic performance. These entities are then arranged to reveal how their assembly influences the electronic structures. Notably, a two-dimensional (2D) entity-formed lattice shows a promising low theoretical overpotential (0.08 ​V) for oxygen reduction reaction due to the optimal occupied <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>d</mi><msup><mi>z</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></msub></mrow></math></span> orbital position. According to the catalytic requirements of an individual entity and its stacking modes, we further developed a search algorithm to identify three-dimensional (3D) structures from 154,718 candidates, pinpointing CaMnO₃ as the most effective one among the screened candidates. This FAUC approach provides a comprehensive framework for designing catalysts from basic units to complex assemblies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100368"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable production of high-performance electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting at large current densities","authors":"Zichen Xu ,&nbsp;Zhong-Shuai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esci.2024.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical water splitting is a pivotal technology in the large-scale production of green hydrogen for sustainable future energy provisions. Highly active, stable electrocatalysts have been extensively explored, but the majority suffer from low current densities and small sizes, rendering them unsuitable for industrial applications. Recently, however, the scalable production of electrocatalysts with high performance at large current densities has made tremendous progress. In this review, the current achievements in developing outstanding large electrocatalysts for high-current-density water electrolysis are described in detail. First, we introduce the fundamentals of water electrolysis, the criteria for performance evaluation, and the requirements for producing electrocatalysts at scale under large current densities. Second, we summarize the key approaches for realizing large-sized electrocatalysts with excellent performance, including electrodeposition, corrosion engineering, and thermal treatment, as well as combinations of these methods. Finally, we offer perspectives on research challenges and propose directions for mass-producing high-performance electrocatalysts with large current densities for water electrolysis, to guide the further industrialization of water-electrolysis catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100489,"journal":{"name":"eScience","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":42.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}