Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control最新文献_第8页

Habituation of lower leg stretch responses in Parkinson's disease 帕金森病下肢伸展反应的习惯化

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00073-8

B.R Bloem , J.P.P van Vugt , D.J Beckley , M.P Remler , R.A.C Roos

{"title":"Habituation of lower leg stretch responses in Parkinson's disease","authors":"B.R Bloem , J.P.P van Vugt , D.J Beckley , M.P Remler , R.A.C Roos","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00073-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00073-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In young healthy subjects, initially large stretch responses in leg muscles are progressively attenuated following a series of identical postural perturbations. We have studied whether this habituation of stretch responses is impaired in Parkinson's disease. Ten patients and 10 elderly controls received 10 serial `toe-up' rotational perturbations (amplitude 10°) while standing on a supporting forceplate. We recorded posturally destabilizing medium latency (ML) stretch responses from the medial </span>gastrocnemius muscle. Functional habituation across the first few trials occurred in patients, but not in elderly controls. The rate of habituation was influenced by the size of the response to the first perturbation. This observation explained the absence of habituation in elderly subjects because their responses during the first few trials were much smaller compared to patients. These results suggest that habituation of lower leg stretch responses is unimpaired in Parkinson's disease. The presence of initially large and `unpracticed' responses may partially explain why Parkinson patients fall in response to unexpected postural disturbances that commonly occur in daily life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 1","pages":"Pages 73-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00073-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21835034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Evoked isometric muscle contractions in myopathies: analysis of pathophysiological properties by different stimulus patterns 肌病中诱发的等长肌肉收缩:不同刺激模式的病理生理特性分析

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00059-3

U Dillmann , G Heide , G Krämer , H.C Hopf , K Schimrigk

{"title":"Evoked isometric muscle contractions in myopathies: analysis of pathophysiological properties by different stimulus patterns","authors":"U Dillmann , G Heide , G Krämer , H.C Hopf , K Schimrigk","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00059-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00059-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Isometric twitches of the adductor pollicis muscle following ulnar nerve stimulation were investigated in healthy subjects (<em>n</em>=35) and patients with different types of myopathies (myotonic dystrophy, <em>n</em>=19; limb girdle muscular dystrophy, <em>n</em>=10; metabolic myopathy, <em>n</em>=6). The changes within the rising part (i.e. within the contraction time, CT) of the isometric twitches after single stimuli were similar in myotonic and limb girdle dystrophies: the first part of CT, which lasts until the maximal contraction rate is achieved, was shortened, whereas the following second part of CT, which lasts until the maximal twitch force is achieved, was normal. In metabolic myopathies the first part was normal, whereas the second part was prolonged. The relaxation was prolonged in all types of myopathies, particularly in metabolic myopathies. Using double stimuli with short interstimulus intervals (ISI), the absolute refractory period of the muscle contraction (healthy subjects: 1.35±0.16 ms) was shortened in patients with myotonic dystrophy (1.02±0.11 ms). In the other types of myopathies, the absolute refractory period was only shortened provided that the single twitch force was clearly reduced. A similar dependence on a reduced single twitch force was also found with regard to the maximal force development with two stimuli and the corresponding ISI: the force contributed by a second stimulus was pathologically enhanced if the single twitch force was clearly reduced. The ISI related to the maximal force with two stimuli was shifted towards very short values (healthy subjects: 10.5 ms, myotonic dystrophy: 4.6 ms, limb girdle dystrophies: 5.0 ms). Our results can be attributed to altered kinetics of calcium release and uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum in myopathies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 1","pages":"Pages 63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00059-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21835032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Electrophysiological studies in mild idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome 轻度特发性腕管综合征的电生理研究

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00076-3

P Girlanda, A Quartarone, S Sinicropi, C Pronestı̀, C Nicolosi, V Macaione, G Picciolo, C Messina

{"title":"Electrophysiological studies in mild idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome","authors":"P Girlanda, A Quartarone, S Sinicropi, C Pronestı̀, C Nicolosi, V Macaione, G Picciolo, C Messina","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00076-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00076-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Many techniques have been reported to improve the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome<span> (CTS), but there is no agreement on the diagnostic yield of these different methods. We used an electrophysiological protocol including the assessment of the orthodromic sensory conduction velocity of the </span></span>median nerve<span><span> along the carpal tunnel, comparison of median and ulnar sensory conduction between the ring finger and wrist, short segment incremental median sensory nerve conduction<span> across the carpal tunnel recording from the III digit (`inching test'), the study of the refractory period of transmission (RPT) and calculation of the distoproximal ratio obtained by dividing the nerve conduction velocity in the median nerve between the third digit and the palm and between the palm and wrist in 41 patients with mild CTS (75 symptomatic hands) and in 45 control subjects. The distoproximal ratio calculation was the most sensitive technique (81%), but was also the least specific. The `inching test', even though less sensitive, had the advantage of localising focal abnormalities of the median nerve along the carpal tunnel. RPT was abnormal in patients with recent symptoms. Combining the different techniques, an overall sensitivity of 92% was reached, 11% higher than the yield of the single best test suggesting that a multimodal approach could be useful. The best procedure for </span></span>electrodiagnosis of mild CTS was to combine the median/ulnar comparison test with calculation of the disto-proximal ratio.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 1","pages":"Pages 44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00076-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21835030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00074-X

P Manganotti, C Gerloff, C Toro, H Katsuta, N Sadato, P Zhuang, L Leocani, M Hallett

{"title":"Task-related coherence and task-related spectral power changes during sequential finger movements","authors":"P Manganotti, C Gerloff, C Toro, H Katsuta, N Sadato, P Zhuang, L Leocani, M Hallett","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00074-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00074-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to investigate the activity of cortical regions in the control of complex movements, we studied task-related coherence (TRCoh) and task-related spectral power (TRPow) changes in 8 right-handed subjects during the execution of 4 different finger movement sequences of increasing complexity. All sequences were performed with the right hand and were paced by a metronome at 2 Hz. EEG power spectra and coherence values were computed within alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (13–20 Hz) frequency bands for 29 scalp EEG positions during the execution of the sequences and were compared with values obtained during a rest (control) condition. Movement sequences were associated with TRPow decreases in the alpha and beta frequency bands over bilateral sensorimotor and parietal areas, with a preponderance over the contralateral hemisphere. Increases of TRCoh occurred over bilateral frontocentral regions. TRCoh decreases were present over the temporal and occipital areas. The spatial extent and the magnitude of TRPow decreases and TRCoh increases in both frequency bands were greater for sequential movements of higher complexity than for simpler ones. These results are consistent with previous findings of bilateral activation of sensorimotor areas during sequential finger movements. Moreover, the present results indicate an active intercommunication between bilateral and mesial central and prefrontal regions which becomes more intense with more complex sequential movements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 1","pages":"Pages 50-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00074-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21835031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 246

Virtual reality: a tutorial 虚拟现实:教程

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00086-6

Mauro Carrozzo , Francesco Lacquaniti

引用次数: 29

Changes in human motor cortex excitability induced by dopaminergic and anti-dopaminergic drugs 多巴胺能和抗多巴胺能药物对人体运动皮层兴奋性的影响

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00050-7

Ulf Ziemann, Frithjof Tergau, Dirk Bruns, Jürgen Baudewig, Walter Paulus

{"title":"Changes in human motor cortex excitability induced by dopaminergic and anti-dopaminergic drugs","authors":"Ulf Ziemann, Frithjof Tergau, Dirk Bruns, Jürgen Baudewig, Walter Paulus","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00050-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00050-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to probe the acute effect of a single oral dose of various dopaminergic<span> (levodopa, selegiline<span>, bromocriptine) and antidopaminergic drugs (sulpiride, haloperidol) on motor cortex excitability in healthy volunteers. Motor threshold, intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation were tested in the abductor digiti minimi muscle. The latter two parameters were studied in a conditioning-test paired stimulus paradigm. The principal findings were an increase in intracortical inhibition by bromocriptine<span><span>, and, conversely, a decrease in intracortical inhibition and an increase in intracortical facilitation by haloperidol. Effects peaked at delays consistent with the </span>pharmacokinetics of the two drugs and were fully reversible. In conclusion, dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists can be considered inverse modulators of motor cortex excitability: the former enhance inhibition while the latter reduce it. The relation of the present findings to current models of motor excitability abnormalities in </span></span></span></span>movement disorders will be discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"105 6","pages":"Pages 430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00050-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20375331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 252

Spinal reflex pattern to foot nociceptive stimulation in standing humans 站立人体对足部伤害性刺激的脊髓反射模式

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00048-9

B Decchi, A Zalaffi, R Spidalieri, U Arrigucci, A.M Di Troia, A Rossi

{"title":"Spinal reflex pattern to foot nociceptive stimulation in standing humans","authors":"B Decchi, A Zalaffi, R Spidalieri, U Arrigucci, A.M Di Troia, A Rossi","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00048-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00048-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Ipsi- and contralateral patterns of lower limb nociceptive reflex responses were studied in 6 normal subjects in free standing position. Once the position was stabilized, only ankle </span>extensor muscles showed consistent tonic activity while ankle flexors and knee extensors and flexors were virtually silent. Reflex responses, elicited by painful electrical stimuli to the skin of the plantar and dorsal aspect of the foot, were recorded from ipsi- and contralateral quadriceps (Q), biceps femoris (Bic), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (Sol) muscles. Plantar foot stimulation evoked a large excitatory response in the ipsilateral TA at about 80 ms and a smaller responses in Bic and Q at 70 ms and 110 ms, respectively. Ipsilateral excitatory effects after dorsal foot stimulation consisted of a Bic response at about 75 ms. In addition to excitatory effects, both plantar and dorsal foot stimulation evoked long-lasting suppression of ipsilateral Sol background activity starting at about 60 ms. Contralaterally, the only nociceptive effects after plantar or dorsal foot stimulation were a small excitatory response of Sol at about 85 ms. Evidence is provided that only excitatory responses were contingent upon nociceptive volley. The main mechanical effects seen after plantar stimulation were dorsiflexion of the foot without loss of heel contact with the floor; no withdrawal response of the foot followed nociceptive dorsal stimulation. Our main conclusion is that only reflex nociceptive responses serving to avoid the stimulus without conflicting with limb support function are expressed. The mechanisms reconciling nociceptive action and postural function of the lower limbs are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"105 6","pages":"Pages 484-489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00048-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20377779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

Safety of different inter-train intervals for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and recommendations for safe ranges of stimulation parameters 重复经颅磁刺激不同列车间隔的安全性及刺激参数安全范围的建议

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00036-2

Robert Chen, Christian Gerloff, Joseph Classen, Eric M Wassermann, Mark Hallett, Leonardo G. Cohen

{"title":"Safety of different inter-train intervals for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and recommendations for safe ranges of stimulation parameters","authors":"Robert Chen, Christian Gerloff, Joseph Classen, Eric M Wassermann, Mark Hallett, Leonardo G. Cohen","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00036-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00036-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Induction of a seizure in a normal subject with trains of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied in close succession suggested that short inter-train intervals, a parameter not considered in our previous safety studies, may not be safe. Here, we evaluate the safety of different inter-train intervals for rTMS in 10 healthy volunteers. Ten rTMS trains at 20 Hz for 1.6 s and a stimulus intensity of 110% of motor threshold (MT) were found to be safe at the inter-train interval of 5 s. However, inter-train intervals of 1 s or less were unsafe for trains of 20 Hz for 1.6 s and stimulus intensities higher than 100% of MT. Based on these results, we propose safety guidelines for inter-train intervals at different stimulus intensities. We also analyzed the stimulus parameters, used in 3 studies, that led to seizures in normal subjects. One seizure was due to short inter-train intervals, one was likely related to intense individual rTMS trains close to the limit of our previous safety recommendations, and one was likely due to a combination of these two factors. To provide an additional safety margin, we suggest reducing the duration for individual rTMS trains by 25% from our previous recommendations. Updated safety tables currently in use at our institution are provided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"105 6","pages":"Pages 415-421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00036-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20375364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 229

Rapid rate transcranial magnetic stimulation – a safety study 快速经颅磁刺激-一项安全性研究

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00057-X

Marjan Jahanshahi , Michael C Ridding , Patricia Limousin , Paolo Profice , Wolfgang Fogel , Dirk Dressler , Rebecca Fuller , Richard G Brown , Peter Brown , John C Rothwell

{"title":"Rapid rate transcranial magnetic stimulation – a safety study","authors":"Marjan Jahanshahi , Michael C Ridding , Patricia Limousin , Paolo Profice , Wolfgang Fogel , Dirk Dressler , Rebecca Fuller , Richard G Brown , Peter Brown , John C Rothwell","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00057-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00057-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>We assessed the safety of repeated short trains (4 stimuli) of rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation (rrTMS) over the left motor cortex in 6 healthy normal subjects. rrTMS involved two separate blocks of 50 consecutive trains of 4 stimuli at a frequency of 20 Hz and an intensity of 5–10% above active motor threshold. We monitored EEG, and assessed aspects of neurological (balance, gait, two-point discrimination, blood pressure, pulse rate), cognitive (attention, memory, executive function) and motor function (speed of movement initiation and execution and manual dexterity) before and after the two blocks of rrTMS. EMG was also recorded from a number of hand, forearm and arm muscles contralateral<span> to the site of stimulation. Two blocks of repeated rrTMS at 20 Hz and 5–10% above active motor threshold did not produce any adverse effects. Measures of neurological, cognitive and motor function showed no change following rrTMS. From the EMG recording there was evidence of increase in the amplitude of the motor evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from the biceps in one subject during the first block of rrTMS, but this did not occur in the second block. A similar magnification of MEPs was also observed in another subject only during the second block of stimulation. When applied using parameters falling within published guidelines (</span></span><span>Pascual-Leone et al., 1993</span>; <span>Pascual-Leone et al., 1994</span>), repeated rrTMS is a relatively safe technique in healthy normal subjects. As rrTMS allows disruption of cortical function for a longer period, it has the potential of becoming a particularly useful tool for the study of cognitive function as well as sensory or motor function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"105 6","pages":"Pages 422-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00057-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20375330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 64

EMG responses in the soleus muscles evoked by unipolar galvanic vestibular stimulation 单极前庭电刺激引起的比目鱼肌肌电反应

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00044-1

S.R.D Watson, J.G Colebatch

{"title":"EMG responses in the soleus muscles evoked by unipolar galvanic vestibular stimulation","authors":"S.R.D Watson, J.G Colebatch","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00044-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00044-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This study compared the effects of transmastoid galvanic stimulation with unilateral galvanic stimulation of vestibular afferents. We recorded the effects on soleus EMG occurring at short (SL) and medium (ML) latency, both in normal subjects and in patients with previous unilateral vestibular neurectomy. Unipolar cathodal and anodal stimulation on the same side produced opposite effects for both SL and ML responses. Responses to unilateral cathodal or anodal stimulation were smaller, but otherwise resembled those of transmastoid stimulation with the cathode or the anode placed on the same side, respectively. Unilateral cathodal stimulation resulted in a larger SL response, which occurred at shorter latency than unilateral anodal stimulation. With unipolar stimulation on the side of previous </span>vestibular nerve section, typical SL and ML responses were absent. With stimulation of the intact side, the patients showed smaller SL responses than normal subjects with unilateral stimulation. The larger responses to unilateral cathodal compared to unilateral anodal stimulation are consistent with previous reports that cathodal stimulation produces an increase and anodal a decrease in vestibular nerve firing. The smaller SL responses in the patients may be a consequence of central nervous system reorganization following unilateral vestibular nerve section.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"105 6","pages":"Pages 476-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00044-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20375337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 67