Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control最新文献_第6页

Variability in the amplitude of skeletal muscle responses to magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in man1 人类运动皮质磁刺激下骨骼肌反应幅度的变异性

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00007-1

P.H Ellaway, N.J Davey, D.W Maskill, S.R Rawlinson, H.S Lewis, N.P Anissimova

{"title":"Variability in the amplitude of skeletal muscle responses to magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in man1","authors":"P.H Ellaway, N.J Davey, D.W Maskill, S.R Rawlinson, H.S Lewis, N.P Anissimova","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00007-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00007-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>We have investigated variability in the amplitude of compound motor evoked potentials<span> (cMEPs) in right and left thenar and wrist </span></span>extensor muscles in response to synchronous bilateral transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortices using two figure-of-eight stimulating coils. Trials of 50 stimuli revealed a wide range of variability in cMEP amplitudes in relaxed muscles (coefficient of variation, range 0.22–1.12). The amplitudes of the cMEPs in one muscle correlated positively with those in the others. The </span><em>r</em><sup>2</sup> values (mean±SEM) were 0.27±0.06 for muscles on the same side of the body and 0.19±0.04 for muscles on opposite sides. Employing the ECG to trigger TMS, clamping the coil relative to the head or altering the orientation of the coil all failed to affect the variability of cMEPs. We conclude that fluctuations in excitability of the corticospinal pathway give rise to the variability in the response to TMS, that they are wide-ranging with respect to the muscles affected, and include a bilateral component. We argue that the variability reveals fluctuations in excitability mainly at the cortical rather than the spinal level. We suggest that measures of variability might provide an indication of cortical activity in conditions where consciousness and voluntary movement are compromised.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 2","pages":"Pages 104-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00007-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20655591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 156

Locomotor capacity and recovery of spinal cord function in paraplegic patients: a clinical and electrophysiological evaluation 截瘫患者的运动能力和脊髓功能恢复:临床和电生理评估

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00002-2

V Dietz, M Wirz, G Colombo, A Curt

{"title":"Locomotor capacity and recovery of spinal cord function in paraplegic patients: a clinical and electrophysiological evaluation","authors":"V Dietz, M Wirz, G Colombo, A Curt","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00002-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00002-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Recent studies have shown that a locomotor pattern can be induced and trained into paraplegic patients<span> under conditions of body unloading using a moving treadmill. The present study investigated the behaviour of the locomotor pattern and also the relationship of its development to the spontaneous recovery of spinal cord function assessed by clinical and electrophysiological (tibial nerve </span></span>somatosensory evoked potentials<span><span> and motor evoked potentials) examinations. The earliest time that spinal locomotor activity could be induced was when signs of spinal shock had disappeared. This activity was distinct from spinal stretch reflex activity. In complete and incomplete paraplegic patients an increase of </span>gastrocnemius<span> electromyographic activity occurred during the stance phase of a step cycle with daily locomotor training over the whole training period of 12 weeks. This was coincident with a significant decrease in body unloading. In contrast to this, neither clinical nor electrophysiological examination scores improved after the onset of training in both patient groups. Only in incomplete paraplegic patients was there an insignificant increase in sensory and motor scores obtained in the neurological examination<span> during the time period before onset of training. An improvement of locomotor function by training was also seen in patients with paraplegia due to a cauda lesion. Therefore, in patients with a spinal cord lesion training effects on muscles and tendons are present in addition to those on the spinal locomotor centres. The findings of this study may be relevant for future clinical treatment of paraplegic patients.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 2","pages":"Pages 140-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00002-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20656108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 91

Magnetic stimulation mapping of motor cortex: factors contributing to map area 磁刺激的运动皮质映射:影响映射区域的因素

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00006-X

G.W Thickbroom , R Sammut , F.L Mastaglia

{"title":"Magnetic stimulation mapping of motor cortex: factors contributing to map area","authors":"G.W Thickbroom , R Sammut , F.L Mastaglia","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00006-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00006-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can evoke an electromyographic response in muscles of the hand with stimulation at a large number of scalp sites widely spaced over the contralateral primary motor area of the brain. To determine the extent to which this is due to current spread from the stimulating coil to a smaller region of excited cortex, excitability curves of </span>motor evoked potential amplitude vs. stimulus intensity were measured at multiple scalp sites. It was found that these curves were of very similar shape, but with different offsets along the stimulus intensity axis. This could be explained on the basis of current flow to a small excitable region of cortex located at some depth in the brain. It is concluded that the surface area of TMS maps is primarily determined by current spread and by the relationship between the position of the coil on the scalp and the depth of the motor output region in the cortex, and does not necessarily provide a true indication of the spatial extent of the motor output region projecting to the target muscle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 2","pages":"Pages 79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00006-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20655587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 103

A case of Guyon syndrome with neuroapraxic block resolved after surgical decompression 盖恩综合征合并神经失用阻滞1例，经手术减压治愈

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00087-8

L Padua , A Insola , M LoMonaco , F.G Denaro , R Padua , P Tonali

引用次数: 9

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00070-2

Gert Pfurtscheller , Karin Zalaudek , Christa Neuper

引用次数: 228

Effects of tactile interference stimulation on somatosensory evoked magnetic fields following tibial nerve stimulation 触觉干扰刺激对胫神经刺激后体感诱发磁场的影响

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00080-5

Daisuke Naka, Ryusuke Kakigi, Sachiko Koyama, Jing Xiang, Hiroyuki Suzuki

{"title":"Effects of tactile interference stimulation on somatosensory evoked magnetic fields following tibial nerve stimulation","authors":"Daisuke Naka, Ryusuke Kakigi, Sachiko Koyama, Jing Xiang, Hiroyuki Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00080-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00080-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>We studied the effects of interfering tactile stimulation applied to the foot ipsilateral and </span>contralateral<span> to the stimulation on somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEFs) following tibial nerve<span> stimulation at the ankle. Equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) of all 4 components, 1M–4M, in all sessions were estimated to be very close each other, around the foot area of the primary sensory cortex (SI). The IM, 2M and 4M components were significantly reduced in amplitude by the ipsilateral-foot interference, and we consider that this phenomenon is due mainly to `saturation' of the neurons in area 3b of the SI. In contrast, the 3M component was significantly enhanced in amplitude by the contralateral-foot interference. We suspect that this result was due to the effects of neuronal activities in areas 2, 5 and/or 7, which receive inputs from both sides of the body, i.e. to `bilateral function'. Considering the various types of interference effects on SEFs and </span></span></span>somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) observed in not only the present, but also in the previous studies, we conclude that both SEFs and SEPs following tibial nerve stimulation are generated mainly by ascending signals mediated by cutaneous fibers of the peripheral nerves rather than the </span>muscle afferents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 2","pages":"Pages 168-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00080-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20656111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

A data dependent computer algorithm for the detection of muscle activity onset and offset from EMG recordings 一个数据依赖的计算机算法检测肌肉活动的开始和偏移从肌电图记录

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00066-0

J.K. Leader III , J.R. Boston , C.A. Moore

引用次数: 14

Representation of cortical motor function as revealed by stereotactic transcranial magnetic stimulation 立体定向经颅磁刺激所显示的皮质运动功能表征

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00078-7

Timo Krings, Christian Naujokat, Diedtrich Graf v. Keyserlingk

{"title":"Representation of cortical motor function as revealed by stereotactic transcranial magnetic stimulation","authors":"Timo Krings, Christian Naujokat, Diedtrich Graf v. Keyserlingk","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00078-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00078-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Cortical motor representation of 12 muscles of the trunk and the upper and lower extremity was investigated in 18 healthy subjects using focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in conjunction with a frameless stereotactic<span> system (FSS). This combination allowed us to orientate stimulation sites to the individual central sulcus rather than to bony landmarks. Distinct but overlapping areas of muscle representation were identified and the 3-dimensional representation of those 12 muscles along the course of the central sulcus was obtained. With increasing stimulus intensity, the cortical output maps changed in that more muscles became excitable, </span></span>motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude and size of the responsive area increased and latency of the MEP decreased. These effects were more pronounced for proximal than for distal muscles, indicating a more widespread organization of corticospinal motor projection related to proximal muscles. The combination of TMS and FSS represents a method with which functional information can be directly related to underlying cortical anatomy. This correlation will be useful in the assessment of higher brain functions with TMS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 2","pages":"Pages 85-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00078-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20655588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 64

Magnetic stimulation over different brain regions: no differential effects on the elicited sympathetic skin responses 磁刺激不同脑区:对引起的交感皮肤反应无差异影响

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00077-5

L Niehaus, B.-U Meyer, S Röricht

{"title":"Magnetic stimulation over different brain regions: no differential effects on the elicited sympathetic skin responses","authors":"L Niehaus, B.-U Meyer, S Röricht","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00077-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00077-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Peak latencies and amplitudes of sympathetic skin responses (SSRs) of the hand following magnetic stimulation<span> at different sites with two or five consecutive 10-Hz stimuli were investigated with regard to safety aspects of repetitive transcranial magnetic cortex stimulation (rTMS). The amount of sympathetic activation as assessed by the amplitudes of the SSRs depended on the stimulation site and decreased in the following order: brachial plexus<span> stimulation>nerve root stimulation>stimulation over the brain>activation by acoustic coil artefact. When stimulating over six different regions of the cortex (frontal, central, parieto-occipital, and both hemispheres), the elicited SSRs had similar amplitudes and peak latencies. The SSRs elicited by rTMS over the motor cortex were not related to the sum of the amplitudes of excitatory muscle compound responses. Currents with opposite directions over the motor cortex markedly influenced the size of the motor responses but not of the SSRs. The number of consecutive 10-Hz stimuli did not influence the latencies or amplitudes of the SSRs. It can be concluded that SSRs after magnetic stimulation over peripheral nerves or the brain are a correlate of an unspecific arousal reaction. A therapeutic application of short series of rTMS should not be limited by the amount of sympathetic activation.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 2","pages":"Pages 94-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(97)00077-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20655589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Concentric needle recording characteristics related to depth of tissue penetration 与组织穿透深度相关的同心针记录特性

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00003-4

Daniel Dumitru, John C King

{"title":"Concentric needle recording characteristics related to depth of tissue penetration","authors":"Daniel Dumitru, John C King","doi":"10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00003-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00003-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This study investigates the influence of tissue penetration depth as it relates to a concentric needle electrode, particularly delineating regions where the </span>cannula<span> potential predominates over the core potential. The regions of cannula predominance is studied by means of a standard and 20 times enlarged physical model of an electromyographic concentric needle electrode in a homogeneous volume conductor by delineating the zero isopotential which partitions where the core potential predominates versus where the cannula potential predominates. Clinical studies in muscle tissue are used to test and confirm results from the enlarged physical model. At shallow electrode insertions equivalent to 4 mm, the concentric needle model records a net negative potential, which is a region where the cannula predominates, from a distant positive dipole at the same depth compared with a net positive potential for penetration depths exceeding 4 mm. The clinical portion of this study verifies the bipolar nature of the concentric needle electrode in detecting motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) with primarily an initial positive onset irrespective of recording depth. Refinements to the conceptualization of the nature and detection of MUAPs are discussed which are consistent with all the findings of the clinical and model study.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100400,"journal":{"name":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control","volume":"109 2","pages":"Pages 124-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0924-980X(98)00003-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20656106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7