Earthquake Research Advances最新文献_第2页

Research on the disaster mechanism of landslides along the loess-mudstone interface under seismic action 地震作用下黄土-泥岩界面滑坡灾害机理研究

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100426

Yanbo Cao , Songsong Sun , Wenbo Zheng , Yuexuan Zhang , Haochen Sun , Tom Dijkstra

{"title":"Research on the disaster mechanism of landslides along the loess-mudstone interface under seismic action","authors":"Yanbo Cao , Songsong Sun , Wenbo Zheng , Yuexuan Zhang , Haochen Sun , Tom Dijkstra","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Loess is a Quaternary aeolian sediment that has been deposited over an undulating bedrock landscape, forming the Chinese Loess Plateau. Where this bedrock comprises mudstones, the loess-bedrock interface conditions the landscape in a state of high landslide susceptibility. In this neo-tectonically active region, earthquakes and rainfall are highly likely to act as triggers. This study focuses on a representative loess–mudstone interface landslide located on a hillside behind the Vehicle Management Office in Wuqi County, Yan'an City, Central China, to investigate the coupled effects of rainfall infiltration and seismic loading on slope deformation and failure mechanisms. Numerical simulations were developed to better understand how co-seismic landslides are affected by different rainfall conditions, and how this resulted in different mechanisms of failure and runout. The results show that rainfall infiltration progressively weakens the mudstone layer, leading to the upward extension of the potential slip zone and a marked reduction in slope stability. Under subsequent seismic loading, deformation is concentrated along the loess–mudstone contact, and topographic amplification further increases peak ground acceleration at the slope crest. The interaction between rainfall-induced softening and seismic excitation significantly accelerates slope failure, highlighting the critical control of the mudstone layer's post-softening strength on overall stability. The findings of this study provide a valuable reference for analyzing the disaster mechanisms of similar loess landslides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preliminary slip distribution of the July 29, 2025 MW 8.8 Kamchatka, Russia earthquake 2025年7月29日俄罗斯堪察加半岛8.8级地震的初步滑动分布

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100427

Duyuan Xu , Weimin Wang , Zhikun Ren

{"title":"Preliminary slip distribution of the July 29, 2025 MW 8.8 Kamchatka, Russia earthquake","authors":"Duyuan Xu , Weimin Wang , Zhikun Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>M</em><sub>W</sub> 8.8 Kamchatka earthquake in Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula is one of the top ten largest earthquakes worldwide since 1900. This event occurred in a tectonically active Kurile–Kamchatka subduction zone where several large earthquakes (<em>M</em> > 8) have occurred over the past 100 years. Here, we combine the teleseismic vertical-component P-wave back-projection method and finite fault inversion with teleseismic P and SH waveforms to investigate the kinematic features of this earthquake. The results indicate that the ruptured area spans approximately 600 km in length and 175 km in width, with a total source duration of about 220 s. Moreover, the coseismic slip occurred mainly within the subducting interface away from the trench, reaching a maximum slip of about 8 m. Notably, the rupture propagated approximately 500 km southwestward from the hypocenter, consistent with the aftershock distribution. These results imply that the rupture zone of this earthquake might spatially overlap with that of the 1952 <em>M</em><sub>W</sub> 8.8–9.0 Kamchatka earthquake. Furthermore, the smaller than anticipated tsunami generated by this megathrust event could be attributed to its limited shallow slip near the trench. This study provides preliminary kinematic insights into this event and lays a certain foundation for subsequent in-depth studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismic performance of a high-rise base-isolated RC shear wall building on near-fault deep deposit 近断层深部沉积高层基础隔震剪力墙建筑抗震性能研究

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100421

Siyu Tao , Zhe Qu , Yuli Huang

{"title":"Seismic performance of a high-rise base-isolated RC shear wall building on near-fault deep deposit","authors":"Siyu Tao , Zhe Qu , Yuli Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake significantly accelerated the adoption of base isolation in seismic-prone regions in China. While traditionally used for short-period structures on stiff sites, base isolation has also been increasingly applied to high-rises on soft soils. However, most current designs still rely on conventional methods used in the past. This paper investigates the seismic performance of a 26-story base-isolated shear wall building constructed on a near-fault site of deep alluvial deposits near Beijing. A numerical model incorporating soil-structure interaction (SSI) is developed to evaluate the combined effects of seismic isolation and deep site conditions on structural responses. The results indicate that base isolation effectively reduces the lateral force demands of the superstructure, even in the presence of deep soils. However, the soft site tends to amplify the horizontal and rotational deformations of the isolation layer, increasing the risk of isolator failure during major earthquake events. Meanwhile, the routine design method tends to underestimates these responses. These findings highlight the necessity of considering both SSI effects and a more refined assessment of soil nonlinearity in amplifying seismic motions in the design of high-rise base-isolated buildings on soft soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Failure mechanisms of landslide dams with different materials: laboratory experiment and physical analysis 不同材料滑坡坝破坏机理：室内试验与物理分析

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100423

Shenggong Guan , Ruile Lin , Zhenming Shi , Ming Peng , Qi Liang , Hongchao Zheng , Zhen Wang

{"title":"Failure mechanisms of landslide dams with different materials: laboratory experiment and physical analysis","authors":"Shenggong Guan , Ruile Lin , Zhenming Shi , Ming Peng , Qi Liang , Hongchao Zheng , Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China's southwestern region is characterised by active geological structures and frequent seismic activities. These conditions frequently trigger landslides that obstruct rivers and form landslide dams. The failure of these dams represents a significant threat to downstream populations, as exemplified by the breach of the Tangjiashan landslide dam during the Wenchuan earthquake. This study focuses on the overtopping breach type of landslide dams. It conducts large-scale experiments to investigate the impacts of various grading materials on the breach process. Furthermore, the DABA (Dam Breach Analysis) numerical simulation model is employed to conduct an in-depth analysis of the breach process in landslide dams. Based on the experimental and simulated results, the following characteristics of landslide dam breaches were analyzed. Under identical inflowing conditions, the peak discharge of the fine-grained dam is 1.6 times that of the widely-graded dam, which has a significantly higher susceptibility to breaching. Although both dams failed due to overtopping, their erosion mechanisms differed substantially. For the widely graded dam, coarse particles led to scouring and retrogressive erosion, significantly prolonging the breaching process. In contrast, the fine-grained dam primarily failed through layered scouring. The results show a high degree of consistency between the DABA numerical simulation outcomes and the large-scale experiment data, thus validating the model's reliability. The parameter sensitivity analysis revealed that breach development duration and peak discharge were significantly influenced by dam height, dam crest width, and initial water level. Scientific simulation models can more precisely predict the breach time and impact range of landslide dams, aiding in the development of more effective prevention methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismotectonics of Ghana and adjacent regions in Western Africa: A review 加纳及西非邻近地区地震构造研究进展

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100442

John Somiah , Jun Xie , Sidao Ni , Abayomi G. Osotuyi

{"title":"Seismotectonics of Ghana and adjacent regions in Western Africa: A review","authors":"John Somiah , Jun Xie , Sidao Ni , Abayomi G. Osotuyi","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ghana and its surrounding West African region are often regarded as a stable intraplate area far from active plate boundaries, characterized by relatively low seismicity compared to tectonically active zones like the East African Rift. However, the region has experienced significant earthquakes (including a magnitude ∼6.5 event in 1939 in Ghana) and a growing number of small-to-moderate events in recent decades, underscoring a critical need to resolve its seismotectonic framework. Seismic hazard studies have largely overlooked West Africa, and the causes and tectonic controls of its earthquakes remain poorly understood. To address this, we synthesize geological, geophysical, and seismic data in a comprehensive review to examine the regional tectonic setting, the spatial distribution of historical and recent seismicity, stress field characteristics, and the status of earthquake monitoring. We conclude that West African intraplate earthquakes are predominantly driven by the reactivation of pre-existing crustal weaknesses under far-field plate forces, augmented by stress transfer from the Atlantic margin (along offshore transform fracture zones) and the Cameroon Volcanic Line. Our observations highlight the region's current geodynamics and provide a basis for improved seismic hazard assessment. Given the rapidly growing population and infrastructure in seismically vulnerable areas across West Africa, these findings are crucial for informing earthquake preparedness and risk mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GNSS constraints on the Jakarta fault, Indonesia: Resolving slip rate and seismic hazard potential 印度尼西亚雅加达断层的GNSS约束：解决滑动率和地震危险性

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100424

Endra Gunawan , Sri Widiyantoro , Ekbal Hussain , Nuraini Rahma Hanifa , Moh Fifik Syafiudin , Sidik Tri Wibowo

{"title":"GNSS constraints on the Jakarta fault, Indonesia: Resolving slip rate and seismic hazard potential","authors":"Endra Gunawan , Sri Widiyantoro , Ekbal Hussain , Nuraini Rahma Hanifa , Moh Fifik Syafiudin , Sidik Tri Wibowo","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The characteristics of the active faults in the region around the megacity of Jakarta are poorly understood. This study investigates slip rate of the Jakarta Fault using new GNSS data obtained from campaign measurements conducted between 2019 and 2023. This is a recently discovered active fault that forms part of the broader Baribis Fault system, which runs across most of northern Java. The Jakarta Fault cuts across the southern portion of Jakarta, a city with over 32 million people in the metropolitan region. In this study, we apply a 2-D screw dislocation model to the north-south component of the GNSS velocities, which are projected onto a profile perpendicular to the approximately east-west trending fault. Our analysis estimates a fault slip rate of 3.2 mm/yr, with a locking depth of 7.2 km and a dip angle of 63°. Previous studies have estimated the fault length to be approximately 50 km, with a return period of around 210 years. By combining this information with our findings, we estimate that a potential earthquake of magnitude between 6.49 and 6.54 could occur on the fault. Our research highlights the active deformation occurring along the Jakarta Fault, emphasizing the urgent need for greater attentions from stakeholders, as an earthquake of this magnitude could pose significant seismic risks to the Jakarta region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing precursory signals with kinematic GNSS: Insights from the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake 利用运动学GNSS评估前兆信号：来自2023 Mw 7.8 kahramanmaraku地震的见解

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100392

Jingqi Wang , Rumeng Guo , Jianqiao Xu , Heping Sun

{"title":"Assessing precursory signals with kinematic GNSS: Insights from the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake","authors":"Jingqi Wang , Rumeng Guo , Jianqiao Xu , Heping Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying precursors of large earthquakes is critical for minimizing the losses of life and property. Recently, Bletery and Nocquet (2023) captured a ∼2-h-long exponential acceleration of slip using the high-rate (5-min) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time series from the 48 hr before the 2011 <em>M</em><sub>W</sub> 9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake, which was obtained by simply concatenating daily kinematic results together. Here, we apply their method to sum the horizontal displacements of 24 high-rate GNSS stations in the direction predicted by fault slip at the hypocenter of the 2023 <em>M</em><sub>W</sub> 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake to characterize its precursory phase. Results demonstrate a several-hour accelerating exponential slip before the mainshock. However, considering that single-day processing would lead to discontinuities at the day boundary, we process the multi-day GNSS data in continuous mode, repeat the experiment, and find that the observed acceleration-like signals vanish. Our work shows that inadequate data processing may lead to the detection of false precursory signals, highlighting the need to develop robust processing techniques to identify reliable precursory signals before large earthquakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146154205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mutual influence mechanism between soft soil interlayers and shield tunnels under seismic action: Laboratory tests and numerical simulations 地震作用下软土夹层与盾构隧道相互影响机理：室内试验与数值模拟

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100393

Xinwei Tang , Gaozhi Xin , Danqing Song

{"title":"Mutual influence mechanism between soft soil interlayers and shield tunnels under seismic action: Laboratory tests and numerical simulations","authors":"Xinwei Tang , Gaozhi Xin , Danqing Song","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft soil is widely distributed and has complex origins. Shield tunnels are inevitably constructed within soft soil interlayers, and under seismic action, tunnels may be subject to severe damages. On the basis of actual engineering, this study utilized dynamic triaxial testing to investigate the dynamic properties of soft soil. Using the PIMY constitutive model, the seismic subsidence characteristics of the soft soil were characterized, and a refined finite element model was established to study the mutual influence mechanism between the soft soil layer and shield tunnels via the open-source software framework OpenSees. The results demonstrate that soil exhibits a softening effect under dynamic loading; soft soil with better structural integrity is less prone to seismic subsidence; and the greater the inertial force acting on the soft soil, the greater the likelihood of settlement. Under seismic action, the presence of the shield tunnel exacerbates the settlement of the soft soil, as the surrounding soil experiences significant inertial forces from the tunnel structure, hindering drainage and accelerating the accumulation of pore water pressure; The soft soil itself has large deformation and displacement under the action of earthquake, which leads to the great stress, deformation, and displacement of the structure. The arch foot position of the tunnel is identified as the most vulnerable to damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146154214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using historical remote sensing images for detailed tectonic geomorphological interpretation in the study of active faults: Application to the Xiaojiang fault case study 历史遥感影像在活动断裂研究中的精细构造地貌解译——以小江断裂为例

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100376

Xingao Li , Zhongtai He , Long Guo , Linlin Li

{"title":"Using historical remote sensing images for detailed tectonic geomorphological interpretation in the study of active faults: Application to the Xiaojiang fault case study","authors":"Xingao Li , Zhongtai He , Long Guo , Linlin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The northern section of the Xiaojiang fault is the most active section in the Xiaojiang Fault Zone, and a detailed interpretation of this fault is highly important. In this work, KeyHole-4B images and Landsat 8 images of the northern section of the Xiaojiang fault were collected, and remote sensing interpretation and tectonic geomorphological analysis of the northern section of the Xiaojiang fault were carried out to obtain a more detailed fault distribution. The results reveal that the northern section of the Xiaojiang fault is a group of faults that are subparallel to each other with a space of 2–4 km. The fault is located along the Jinshajiang Valley and the Xiaojiang Valley. At the same time, we counted the large-scale left-lateral dislocations of the gullies and ridges. Combined with the results of previous studies, the long-term average slip rate of the northern section of the Xiaojiang fault is 6.2 ± 1.1 mm/a since the late Middle Pleistocene, 11.4 ± 2.8 mm/a since the middle of the late Pleistocene, and 8.0 ± 2.0 mm/a since the middle and late Pleistocene. The high slip rate in the northern section of the Xiaojiang fault represents the response of the local strain of the central Yunnan subblock, which rotates clockwise along the boundary fault. This finding is consistent with the pattern of northwards and north-east wards thrusting of the Indian plate, leading to eastwards extrusion and the escape of material from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146154208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The emerging roles of 3D and 4D geophysical and geological modelling in evaluating seismic risks: A critical review 三维和四维地球物理和地质建模在评估地震风险中的新作用：一个重要的回顾

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100399

Joseph Omeiza Alao

{"title":"The emerging roles of 3D and 4D geophysical and geological modelling in evaluating seismic risks: A critical review","authors":"Joseph Omeiza Alao","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seismic hazard assessment (SHA) is crucial for mitigating earthquake hazards, particularly in tectonically active regions. This study critically examines the emerging roles of 3D and 4D geophysical and geological modelling in assessing SHA, focusing on advancements, applications, and limitations. 3D geophysical modelling provides high-resolution spatial representations of fault networks, stress distributions, and seismic-prone zones. In contrast, 4D geophysical modelling integrates temporal dynamics to analyze subsurface variations or fault systems over time. Based on previous studies, the quantitative data highlight the effectiveness of real-time seismic monitoring, with stress accumulation rates ranging from 0.01% to 50% during seismic events. Time-lapse seismic data improves forecasting precision, with early warning detection reducing seismic uncertainties by over 30%. Additionally, studies show that enhanced fluid migration tracking using 4D seismic modelling, leading to a 25% increase in hydrocarbon recovery efficiency. These advancements aim in urban planning, infrastructure resilience, and hazard mitigation strategies. However, challenges remain in data acquisition, computational demands, and model interpretation. The integration of artificial intelligence and high-performance computing is expected to improve predictive modelling accuracy, ensuring more effective SHA. The findings emphasize the importance of geophysical modelling in disaster preparedness, reinforcing the need for technological advancements to enhance seismic hazard mitigation strategies and infrastructure safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146154215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0