Earthquake Research Advances最新文献

{"title":"Preface to the special issue on seismic performance of underground structures: From experiments to analysis","authors":"Su Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100183","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000744/pdfft?md5=c1f4ce9081e222493f29bb8925b6117e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000744-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80416561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation on seismic performance of a shallow buried underground structure with isolation devices","authors":"Jianning Wang ,&nbsp;Guangyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Haiyang Zhuang ,&nbsp;Jing Yang ,&nbsp;Chen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A design procedure for improving the seismic performance of unequal-span underground structures by installing isolation devices at the top end of columns is proposed based on the seismic failure mode of frame-type underground structures and the design concept of critical support columns. A two-dimensional finite element model (FEM) for a soil-underground structure with an unequal-span interaction system was established to shed light on the effects of a complex subway station with elastic sliding bearings (ESB) and lead rubber bearings (LRB) on seismic mitigation. It was found that the stiffness and internal force distribution of the underground structure changed remarkably with the installation of isolation devices at the top end of the columns. The constraints of the beam-column joints were significantly weakened, resulting in a decrease in the overall lateral stiffness and an increase in the structural lateral displacement. The introduction of the isolation device effectively reduces the internal force and seismic damage of the frame column; however, the tensile damage to the isolation structure, such as the roof, bottom plate, and sidewall, significantly increased compared to those of the non-isolation structure. Although the relative slip of the ESB remains within a controllable range under strong earthquake excitation as well as frame columns with stable vertical support and self-restoration functions, the LRB shows a better performance during seismic failure and better lateral displacement response of the unequal-span underground structure. The analysis results provide new ideas and references for promoting the application of seismic isolation technology in underground structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000628/pdfft?md5=7c21062a679bcbf1934a5df0090fee85&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000628-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76002930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction parameters of graded sand-gravel foundation on seismic response law of nuclear safety grade underground corridor","authors":"Yue Li,&nbsp;Xunqiang Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The treatment of soft soil foundation under nuclear safety grade corridors with graded sand and gravel materials has a good development prospect. It is of great engineering value to explore the influence of construction parameters of graded sand and gravel foundation on the seismic response of gallery structures. Taking the safety grade underground corridor of a nuclear power plant as the engineering background, the equivalent linear method is used to consider the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of graded sand and gravel. The energy transfer boundary is applied at the truncation boundary to simulate the dissipation effect of scattered wave fluctuation energy and the ground motion input. The thicknessless contact element is introduced to consider the contact effect between the corridor structure and the graded sand and gravel foundation, so as to establish the calculation model of the dynamic interaction between the graded sand and gravel foundation and the corridor structure. Furthermore, the influence of the relative compactness and the foundation treatment depth on the seismic response of the corridor structure is studied, and the calculation results of the acceleration response spectrum and relative displacement of the corridor structure are analyzed. The calculation results show that the two construction parameters have different degrees of influence on the seismic response of corridor structure. The research results can provide reference for the engineering design and construction of underground corridors, and provide technical support for the application of graded gravel materials in soft soil foundation treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000653/pdfft?md5=83351ff90df8edc0186e48989f9aba91&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000653-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79693308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance analysis of underground structures based on random field model of soil mechanical parameters","authors":"Chao Ma,&nbsp;Shenghui Zhou,&nbsp;Jingwei Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soils with spatial variability are the product of natural history. The mechanical properties tested by soil samples from boreholes in the same soil layer may be different. Underground structure service in surrounding soils, their seismic response is controlled by the deformation of the surrounding soils. The variability of soil mechanical parameters was not considered in the current research on the seismic response of underground structures. Therefore, a random field model was established to describe the spatial variability of surrounding soils based on the random field theory. Then the seismic response of underground structures in the random field was simulated based on the time-domain explicit global FEM analysis, and the soil mechanical parameters and earthquake intensity influencing the seismic response of surrounding soils and underground structures were studied. Numerical results presented that, the randomness of soil parameters does not change the plastic deformation mode of surrounding soils significantly. The variation coefficients of inter-story deformation of structures and lateral deformation of columns are much smaller than that of mechanical parameters, and the randomness of soil parameters has no obvious effect on the structural deformation response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000616/pdfft?md5=12d17a7d5bff0f35e4ad439896ce47cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000616-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137008593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of spiral anchor composite foundation on seismic vulnerability of raw soil structure","authors":"Shiwei Hou ,&nbsp;Guangliang Gao ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanwen Lai ,&nbsp;Junyan Han","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A typical single-layer raw soil structure in villages and towns in China is taken as the research object. In the probabilistic seismic demand analysis, the seismic demand model is obtained by the incremental dynamic time history analysis method. The seismic vulnerability analysis is carried out for the raw soil structure of non-foundation, strip foundation, and spiral anchor composite foundation, respectively. The spiral anchor composite foundation can reduce the seismic response and failure state of raw soil structure, and the performance level of the structure is significantly improved. Structural requirements sample data with the same ground motion intensity are analyzed by linear regression statistics. Compared with the probabilistic seismic demand model under various working conditions, the seismic demand increases gradually with the increase of intensity. The seismic vulnerability curve is summarized for comparative analysis. With the gradual deepening of the limit state, the reduction effect of spiral anchor composite foundation on the exceedance probability becomes more and more obvious, which can reduce the probability of structural failure to a certain extent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000665/pdfft?md5=acb41c58252e3d98c67f6fc784574840&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000665-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87236198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of soil to structure stiffness on the accuracy of the pushover method for underground structures","authors":"Qi Wu ,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiawei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pushover method for underground structures is a seismic analysis method featured by high calculation accuracy and a simple implementation process. The method has been widely used in seismic design and other related scientific research; however, the influence of different soil-structure flexibility ratios on the accuracy of this method is still not well understood. In this study, we select the cross-section structures beneath the Daikai subway station as the research object and establish 12 finite element analysis models with different soil-structure flexibility ratios using ABAQUS. All models are computed by the dynamic time-history method or the pushover method. Furthermore, the dynamic time-history solution result is taken as the standard solution, and the precision and application of the pushover analysis method are discussed based on the parameters of peak interlayer displacement and peak internal force of the middle column section. The results show that the soil-structure flexibility ratio has a significant influence on the calculation accuracy of the pushover method, and the calculation accuracy of this method is the most ideal when the soil-structure flexibility is equal to 1. The research results can provide significant references for the seismic design of underground structures or the improvement of simplified seismic analysis methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000069/pdfft?md5=643c3c3781620ef94e770177baa269ce&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92107518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of irregular section underground structure shaking table test model","authors":"Baizan Tang ,&nbsp;Wenchao Deng ,&nbsp;Su Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Li ,&nbsp;Haiyang Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on the the large shaking table test results on irregular section subway station structure in soft soil, an overall time-history numerical simulation is conducted to study the nonlinear dynamic interaction of the soil-irregular underground structure. Typical test results, including the acceleration of the soil, acceleration, and deformation of the structure, were analyzed. Satisfactory consistency between the simulation and test results is verified, and the difference between these results was discussed in detail. The maximum inter-story drift ratio was approximately 1/472 under input PGA ​= ​0.54 <em>g</em>. The strain responses of columns were significantly larger than those of the side walls and slabs. The components in the lower layers of the irregular subway station structure, particularly in the central columns, underwent cumulative damage. The research results could provide a simplified analysis method to quantitatively evaluate the damage of irregular underground structures in soft soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000598/pdfft?md5=73cd15ff7e89d6311b167534fff54276&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000598-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77679915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response characteristics of plunge pool slabs of Xiaxiluodu Hydropower Station to flood discharge pulsating-pressure under valley deformation conditions","authors":"Jie Yuan ,&nbsp;Qianwei Xi ,&nbsp;Xin Jia ,&nbsp;Yang Zhou ,&nbsp;Yu Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The key problem of the energy dissipation scheme of the arch dam body flood discharge and plunge pool below the dam is the stability problem of the plunge pool slab. As the protection structure of the underwater bed, the plunge pool slab bears the continuous impact of high-speed water flow. The hourly average dynamic water pressure on the slab is one of the main loads directly affecting the stability of the slab and is the main factor causing its erosion destruction. After the impoundment of the Xiluodu Hydropower Station, the measuring line of valley width in the plunge pool area has been continuously shrinking. By 2020, the cumulative shrinking value is about 80 ​mm. In light of the general background condition of valley shrinkage, daily inspection, annual detailed inspection, underwater inspection and drainage inspection of the plunge pool found that the plunge pool has experienced different degrees of damage, which greatly influences the long-term safety stability of the plunge pool. In this paper, the prototype observation data of flood discharge is used as the input load of pulsating-pressure, and the stress and displacement distribution of the plunge pool structure under the vibration load of flood discharge is analyzed under the condition that the stress and strain state of the plunge pool is changed under the influence of valley displacement. The results show that the stress, strain, and displacement distribution of the plunge pool are mainly caused by valley deformation, the vibration caused by flood discharge is little in influence, and the impact effect of deep hole flood discharge tongue on the plunge pool slab is weak.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000240/pdfft?md5=1a936a3be3c7fe15e555c01438d2f0d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000240-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75536992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Under the surface: Pressure-induced planetary-scale waves, volcanic lightning, and gaseous clouds caused by the submarine eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano","authors":"David A. Yuen ,&nbsp;Melissa A. Scruggs ,&nbsp;Frank J. Spera ,&nbsp;Yingcai Zheng ,&nbsp;Hao Hu ,&nbsp;Stephen R. McNutt ,&nbsp;Glenn Thompson ,&nbsp;Kyle Mandli ,&nbsp;Barry R. Keller ,&nbsp;Songqiao Shawn Wei ,&nbsp;Zhigang Peng ,&nbsp;Zili Zhou ,&nbsp;Francesco Mulargia ,&nbsp;Yuichiro Tanioka","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a narrative of the eruptive events culminating in the cataclysmic January 15, 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcano by synthesizing diverse preliminary seismic, volcanological, sound wave, and lightning data available within the first few weeks after the eruption occurred. The first hour of eruptive activity produced fast-propagating tsunami waves, long-period seismic waves, loud audible sound waves, infrasonic waves, exceptionally intense volcanic lightning and an unsteady volcanic plume that transiently reached—at 58 ​km—the Earth's mesosphere. Energetic seismic signals were recorded worldwide and the globally stacked seismogram showed episodic seismic events within the most intense periods of phreatoplinian activity, and they correlated well with the infrasound pressure waveform recorded in Fiji. Gravity wave signals were strong enough to be observed over the entire planet in just the first few hours, with some circling the Earth multiple times subsequently. These large-amplitude, long-wavelength atmospheric disturbances come from the Earth's atmosphere being forced by the magmatic mixture of tephra, melt and gasses emitted by the unsteady but quasi-continuous eruption from 0402±1–1800 UTC on January 15, 2022. Atmospheric forcing lasted much longer than rupturing from large earthquakes recorded on modern instruments, producing a type of shock wave that originated from the interaction between compressed air and ambient (wavy) sea surface. This scenario differs from conventional ideas of earthquake slip, landslides, or caldera collapse-generated tsunami waves because of the enormous (∼1000x) volumetric change due to the supercritical nature of volatiles associated with the hot, volatile-rich phreatoplinian plume. The time series of plume altitude can be translated to volumetric discharge and mass flow rate. For an eruption duration of ∼12 ​h, the eruptive volume and mass are estimated at 1.9 ​km³ and ∼2 900 ​Tg, respectively, corresponding to a VEI of 5–6 for this event. The high frequency and intensity of lightning was enhanced by the production of fine ash due to magma—seawater interaction with concomitant high charge per unit mass and the high pre-eruptive concentration of dissolved volatiles. Analysis of lightning flash frequencies provides a rapid metric for plume activity and eruption magnitude. Many aspects of this eruption await further investigation by multidisciplinary teams. It represents a unique opportunity for fundamental research regarding the complex, non-linear behavior of high energetic volcanic eruptions and attendant phenomena, with critical implications for hazard mitigation, volcano forecasting, and first-response efforts in future disasters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000227/pdfft?md5=2e51bc5cccf9a0ecb8e13ba4a939637a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000227-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79360536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A summary of seismic activities in and around China in 2021","authors":"Yanyan Han,&nbsp;Yang Zang,&nbsp;Lingyuan Meng,&nbsp;Yue Wang,&nbsp;Shiguang Deng,&nbsp;Yawei Ma,&nbsp;Mengyu Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, we review the general characteristics of seismicity in and around China and the overall statistics of earthquake damage in 2021, focusing on several significant events and related scientific topics. Among them, the largest event is the <em>M</em>_S 7.4 Madoi earthquake in Qinghai Province, northwest China. The event marks another <em>M</em>_S ​≥ ​7 earthquake occurring near the boundary of the Bayan Har Block that has ended a remarkable quiescence of the <em>M</em>_S ​≥ ​7 earthquakes within the Chinese mainland. In addition, the <em>M</em>_S 6.4 Yangbi earthquake in Yunnan Province, southwest China draws the most attention because of its abundant foreshocks, which are well recorded by the densely distributed seismic stations in the surrounding regions. Regarding this event, we review several recent publications focusing on the Gutenberg-Richter <em>b</em>-value change and the physical mechanism of foreshocks associated with this sequence. The <em>M</em>_S 6.0 Luxian earthquake in Sichuan Province, southwest China has caused serious damage with a relatively low magnitude, partly because the focal depth of the mainshock is relatively shallow (3.5 ​km). It is another strong earthquake occurring within the southeast Sichuan basin with low historical seismicity yet has increased significantly since 2015, probably due to shale gas development and associated hydraulic fracturing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772467022000483/pdfft?md5=8b70fa3fc3a8b600626bd950f1f683c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2772467022000483-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91110579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}