Earthquake Research Advances最新文献

{"title":"Seismic catalog construction in Jiangxi by integrating seismometers and accelerometers","authors":"Xiaohui Zha,&nbsp;Jian Xiao,&nbsp;Shuhua Qi,&nbsp;Jian Lv,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Jun Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous waveform data from 27 seismometers and 58 accelerometers of the Jiangxi Seismic Network from February to April 2024 were used. The identification of accelerometer seismic phases was completed based on PhaseNet probability and amplitude ratio. Following the LOC-FLOW earthquake detection procedure, a total of 1 176 earthquake catalog entries within the Jiangxi region were ultimately constructed. The introduction of accelerometers has added complexity to the calculation of magnitude, and the precise calculation of magnitude remains a subject for further research. Based on DBSCAN clustering analysis of the spatial locations in the earthquake catalog, nine seismic clusters were obtained. Statistical analysis of the occurrence times of earthquakes in the catalog revealed distinct temporal patterns, indicating the presence of a significant number of non-natural earthquakes within the catalog.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 3","pages":"Article 100437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of PSHA and site response analysis for quantifying liquefaction-induced ground settlements using in-situ testing","authors":"Bambang Setiawan,&nbsp;Juellyan Juellyan,&nbsp;Nafisah Al-huda,&nbsp;Alfiansyah Yulianur,&nbsp;Halida Yunita","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2026.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2026.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous past moderate-to-strong earthquakes have induced soil liquefaction, leading to severe structural damage in many locations worldwide, including in the Aceh Province of Indonesia. This study aims to assess and map the soil liquefaction potential for the city of Meulaboh, Indonesia, by integrating probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) and site response analysis into liquefaction-induced ground settlement using in-situ test data involving the quasi-static cone penetration test (q-CPT). The novelty of this study lies in integrating PSHA with site-response analysis to enhance the liquefaction potential assessment. The adopted method in the present study is outlined as follows. Firstly, PSHA was carried out to quantify the bedrock seismic ground motion, i.e., bedrock peak ground acceleration, in a location by considering all possible seismic occurrences within a certain period. Secondly, to obtain the most representative soil peak ground acceleration, site response analysis was performed using the bedrock peak ground acceleration of PSHA and sub-surface models developed from various sub-surface site investigation methods, i.e., quasi-static cone penetration test (q-CPT), boreholes, and microtremors measurements, across the study area. Finally, a liquefaction assessment was carried out by means of the ground settlements, liquefaction potential index (LPI), and liquefaction severity number (LSN) by considering various seismic hazard scenarios of 10% and 2% probability of exceedance (PoE). Further liquefaction assessments were also carried out in the case of the historical <em>M</em> 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake and the <em>M</em> 7.5 earthquake scenarios. These scenarios represent the most common and critical seismic magnitude for evaluating liquefaction hazard potential. The worst-case results of the liquefaction assessment in the present study suggests that the estimated ground settlement due to soil liquefaction within the study area (city of Meulaboh) can be up to ∼309 mm, LPI is classified as very high hazard (LPI &gt; 15), and LSN is categorized as moderate to severe (20 &lt; LSN ≤ 30). Based on the spatial distribution analysis by means of maps for all seismic event scenarios, the main vulnerable part of the city of Meulaboh is on the southern tip and along the coastal areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 3","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-seismic tilt rate variations and transient disturbances along the Longmenshan Fault Zone: Insights from continuous ground tilt data prior to the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake","authors":"Anfu Niu,&nbsp;Ping Ji,&nbsp;Xian Lu,&nbsp;Kaiguang Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Zhao,&nbsp;Zhengyi Yuan,&nbsp;Wei Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigated the pre- and post-earthquake deformation characteristics of the Longmenshan Fault Zone using long-term ground tilt data from three monitoring stations near the fault zone before the May 12, 2008, <em>M</em>_S 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake. The anomalous changes in the EW component are more pronounced than those in the NS component, and at certain stages, there are tilting trend reversals or abnormal tilting rates: before 2004, the annual tilt rates to the west at Maoxian, Wenchuan, and Ya'an stations were −830 ms/a, −210 ms/a, and −1 060 ms/a, respectively. Between 2005 and mid-2007, these rates diminished to 25%, 16% and 33% of their earlier magnitudes. From late 2007 until the earthquake, the rates were −88%, −28%, and 114%. Additionally, a short-term tilt disturbance lasting about 7 months was detected along the fault zone, propagating from southwest to northeast at approximately 104 km/year. The study concludes that the significant decrease in tilt rates near the epicenter in the 3 years before the earthquake reflects the fault's increasing locking behavior, while the increase in tilt rate amplitude farther from the epicenter in the half-year preceding the earthquake indicates a release of locking, accelerating the earthquake. Furthermore, two <em>M</em>_S 8.0 earthquakes in Sumatra significantly influenced these short-term tilt disturbances and their propagation, potentially accelerating the strain accumulation process leading to the Wenchuan earthquake, and a stress propagation model for tilt transient disturbances was proposed. Finally, the analysis results from a larger spatiotemporal scale are of great reference value for understanding the distribution laws of seismic precursors, the activity behavior of the fault zone, and its disturbance mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 3","pages":"Article 100439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreshock behaviors and mainshock rupture properties associated with the 2025 MW 8.8 Kamchatka earthquake sequence","authors":"Phuc Mach,&nbsp;Xu Si,&nbsp;Dun Wang,&nbsp;Robert Shcherbakov,&nbsp;Ping He,&nbsp;Tuncay Taymaz,&nbsp;Chang Ding,&nbsp;Zhigang Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2026.100457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2026.100457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The July 29, 2025 <em>M</em>_W 8.8 Kamchatka earthquake ruptured the plate interface off the east coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula along the Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone and generated tsunamis across the Pacific Ocean, followed by volcanic eruptions in Kamchatka. The mainshock was preceded by an energetic foreshock sequence that began with a <em>M</em>_W 7.4 event on July 20, 2025, located 40 km northeast of the mainshock hypocenter. However, the physical mechanisms connecting the foreshock to the mainshock are not completely clear. In this study, we present a detailed seismological and geodetic analysis of the sequence by investigating the rupture characteristics of the <em>M</em>_W 8.8 mainshock, the spatiotemporal evolution of the foreshock and early aftershock sequence, and the processes driving their interaction. Teleseismic back projection reveals that the mainshock ruptured predominantly toward the southwest with a total source duration of ∼220 s. The <em>M</em>_W 7.4 foreshock was accompanied by afterslip along the plate interface, which likely drove an expanding aftershock of its own and eventually triggered the mainshock nucleation. This event also shows anomalously high aftershock productivity relative to other <em>M</em> ≥ 7.0 events before and after the mainshock, indicating an elevated likelihood of triggering a larger earthquake. We also identify possible segmentation of the megathrust rupture zone along the Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone that is separated by higher topography in the upper plate. These results provide new insight into the physical mechanisms of foreshocks and segmentation of mainshock ruptures along major subduction zones, with direct implications for short-term forecasting and seismic hazard assessment of megathrust earthquakes in this and other regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 3","pages":"Article 100457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Investigation of Pn velocity and anisotropy in the uppermost mantle beneath the Qingzang Plateau with machine-learning based phase picking","authors":"Yulan Li,&nbsp;Baoshan Wang,&nbsp;Rizheng He,&nbsp;Hanhan Tang,&nbsp;Zongxu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Pn-wave travels through the uppermost mantle, carrying abundant information about crust-mantle interaction. Due to its weak amplitude, identifying and picking Pn-wave is challenging. This study introduces a machine learning model specifically designed for Pn-wave phase picking in regional earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 3.0. The model utilizes extensive seismic observations from portable and permanent station networks across the Qingzang Plateau since 1991. By selecting arrival times residual of less than 10 s, we obtained a high-precision dataset comprising 91 505 Pn-wave arrival times from 5 070 earthquakes for subsequent Pn traveltime tomography. Considering the asynchronism of various observations, we employed the time-term Pn wave tomography. Our tomographic results reveal significant lateral heterogeneity in the uppermost mantle, with velocity anomalies distributed in the NNE direction. Low-velocity anomalies are observed in the central Qiangtang terrane, eastern Songpan-Ganzi terrane, and the Jinshajiang suture zone-Sanjiang Faults-Tengchong (JSS-SF-TC) region. The JSS-SF-TC exhibits particularly weak anisotropy (&lt;0.01), likely resulting from partial melting of the oceanic lithosphere beneath compression from the Indian Plate and the Myanmar Arc. Additionally, the northern portion of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis shows prominent high-velocity anomalies, consistent with previous findings. Our results highlight the complex velocity structure and stress field associated with crust-mantle interaction beneath the Qingzang plateau.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 3","pages":"Article 100441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid estimation of rupture directivity of the 2024 MW 7.4 Hualien earthquake in the East China Sea Taiwan, China","authors":"Yanyan Xu,&nbsp;Zhehan Liu,&nbsp;Wei Tang,&nbsp;Xiaoming Wang,&nbsp;Shoucheng Han,&nbsp;Xuliang Wang,&nbsp;Yong Xiao,&nbsp;Jie Shang,&nbsp;Lihong Huang,&nbsp;Ming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid estimation of rupture directivity for a large earthquake with regional seismic records is important for disaster assessment, geological analysis and earthquake early warning. However, there is no detailed information of earthquake rupture directions in the earthquake early warning with limited near-field observations. Besides, the rupture inversion would cost tens of seconds even for the automatic inversion based on strong-motion data, making the inversion unsuitable for the requirements of the real-time application. In this study, we propose an approach for estimating rupture directivity of large earthquake from regional data with sparse coverage in several seconds. Assuming the target earthquake ruptures unilaterally, this approach employs a smaller adjacent event as a reference, providing path calibration for the large earthquake to obtain the rupture direction of the large earthquake from its initiation location to the centroid energy location. We demonstrate the usefulness of the approach with regional P waveforms at six broadband stations of the 2024 <em>M</em>_W 7.4 Hualien earthquake in the East China Sea, China. The rupture direction of the <em>M</em>_W 7.4 Hualien earthquake is determined by taking an adjacent <em>M</em>_W 6.4 earthquake as a reference. The inverted rupture direction of the target earthquake is N0°W, indicating the <em>M</em>_W 7.4 Hualien earthquake propagates to the north direction, and is supported by the 95% confidence interval, the distribution of earthquakes in the region, the observed waveform features and published source moment tensor mechanisms. The rupture direction inversion of the <em>M</em>_W 7.4 Hualien earthquake costs several seconds, affording a potential for real-time application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 3","pages":"Article 100411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances and challenges in the study of ULF geomagnetic anomalies for earthquake precursors: A four-decade critical literature review","authors":"Eresia Nindia Winata,&nbsp;Mohammad Syamsu Rosid,&nbsp;Febty Febriani","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the late 1930s, unusual variations in Earth's magnetic field prior to earthquakes have been reported. The search for frequency ranges that may hold predictive significance has highlighted ultra-low frequency (ULF) anomalies as a prominent candidate. However, the notion of ULF geomagnetic anomalies as seismic precursors remains controversial, yet also promising. This review examines 86 years of reports in electromagnetic approach, with particular focus on 91 experimental ULF geomagnetic studies published over the past four decades. Many studies have reported encouraging links between ULF geomagnetic anomalies and impending seismic events, although the interpretation of these signals remains contested. The core difficulty lies in distinguishing lithospheric-origin anomalies from regular geomagnetic variations, particularly those modulated by solar-terrestrial interactions. In response to the ambiguity regarding the origin of ULF signals, researchers have employed a combination of analytical approaches. Techniques including spectral comparison of vertical to horizontal geomagnetic components (<em>Z/H</em>), the use of remote reference or multi-sensor configuration for mitigating global solar-induced EM signals and local noise sources, and the examination of coherence across multiple sites and frequency bands have been employed. When combined, these methods have proven useful in narrowing down the likely source of observed anomalies. Over the past forty years, the study of ULF geomagnetic precursors has progressed considerably. Researchers have moved beyond simply detecting these signals and have started to ask whether they might actually carry meaningful clues about earthquakes—such as their magnitude and direction. This review takes a close look at recent progress in the field while also addressing the obstacles that still need to be overcome. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and to outline potential directions for future investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 3","pages":"Article 100438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the low-frequency seismic response of submarine fiber optics with a teleseismic recording","authors":"Haoran Song ,&nbsp;Jian Sun ,&nbsp;Jialun Gong ,&nbsp;Boxing Zhu ,&nbsp;Baoshan Wang ,&nbsp;Lubing Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, with rapid developments in distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) techniques, optical fibers are widely used as seismometers to carry out dense and broadband seismic observation. However, the frequency responses, especially the low-frequency responses of submarine cables, which are of key importance in focal mechanism and deep seismic imaging, are still poorly understood. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the phase and amplitude responses of the submarine DAS array by comparing teleseismic records from the DAS array and traditional broadband seismometers. Our 21 km long DAS array is located around 1 500 km from the epicentre, and two fixed seismometers from the Shandong Provincial Seismic Network are positioned at either end of the array. Our results show that for phase response, the data from DAS and seismometers are of great similarity, with a cross-correlation coefficient reaching 80 %. For amplitudes, the velocity value recorded by CHD (Shandong Provincial Seismic Network Changdao Seismic Station) seismometers is about 1.6 times the value obtained by DAS. In terms of surface wave dispersion, the differences between the different data sets are generally less than 3%. Our results verify the sensitivity of submarine optical fibers to low-frequency seismic signals and the feasibility of deep structure imaging using submarine DAS arrays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rainfall-Induced landslide susceptibility prediction considering spatial heterogeneity","authors":"Xingfu Zhang ,&nbsp;Abi Erdi","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing landslide susceptibility prediction methods often fail to fully account for the spatial heterogeneity of environmental factors such as topography, soil, and vegetation, nor do they accurately reflect the impact of extreme rainfall on landslide susceptibility. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes two innovative methods. First, to address the issue of spatial heterogeneity, a Deep Embedding Clustering (DEC) approach is introduced. DEC utilizes an autoencoder to map environmental factors to a lower-dimensional space, capturing nonlinear relationships between variables and performing clustering in this space. Unlike traditional methods, DEC does not rely on simple distance measures; instead, it jointly optimizes clustering centers and feature representations, enabling more precise regional delineation, which significantly enhances prediction accuracy and adaptability to varying environments. Second, to address the static nature of rainfall thresholds, a mixed distribution modeling strategy is proposed for both non-extreme and extreme rainfall. In this strategy, non-extreme rainfall is modeled using the Gamma distribution to describe cumulative effects, while extreme rainfall is modeled using the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) to model extreme values, with thresholds dynamically determined using the Pickands theorem. Additionally, a Bayesian online parameter updating mechanism is implemented to dynamically adjust distribution parameters, recalibrating the model when real-time rainfall data deviates from historical distributions, significantly reducing response time and improving the model's adaptability to changing rainfall patterns. By combining Deep Embedding Clustering (DEC) and the mixed distribution rainfall threshold model, this study achieves more precise spatial zoning and dynamic rainfall responses, greatly improving prediction accuracy and timeliness. Compared to traditional models relying on uniform thresholds, the experimental results show that landslide density and event numbers have increased from 0.038 events/km² and 44 events to 0.044 events/km² and 59 events, respectively, validating the importance of incorporating spatial heterogeneity and distinct rainfall event types in landslide susceptibility prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic behaviors of stone masonry walls between windows after POM-UHPC-embedded mortar joint reinforcement","authors":"Feiyan Li ,&nbsp;Yingxiong Wu ,&nbsp;Bosong Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2025.100412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large number of stone masonry buildings have been constructed in the southeastern oastal region of Fujian Province, China. However, most of these structures exhibit poor seismic performance, likely due to low mortar strength and the absence of effective seismic-resistant system. By analyzing the construction characteristics and seismic vulnerabilities of stone masonry walls between windows, this study proposed a novel retrofitting technique that utilizes POM fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (POM-UHPC) for mortar joint reinforcement. To investigate the seismic behavior of the retrofitted stone masonry walls between windows, pseudo-static tests were conducted on three wall specimens with an aspect ratio of 1.43 (i.e., one specimen with full-embedding mortar joint reinforcement, one specimen with discrete-point-embedding (localized) mortar joint reinforcement, and one unreinforced specimen for comparison). The results show that the cracking load, initial stiffness, and shear capacity of the specimens with both full- and discrete-point joint reinforcement are significantly increased, and varying degrees of enhancement in their deformation capacity and energy dissipation are observed. When the effective area of POM-UHPC replacing low-strength mortar is similar, the discrete-point-embedding reinforcement method provides a greater improvement in the shear capacity of the wall between windows compared to the full-joint embedding method, but its energy dissipation capacity is lower. In practical engineering in the study area, the discrete-point-embedding mortar joint reinforcement method is recommended as the preferred approach. The findings of this study provide new technical support for the seismic reinforcement of stone masonry buildings in Fujian Province.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147958911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}