Cleaner Waste Systems最新文献

{"title":"Achieving effective operations in petrochemical industries using affordable and clean energy: Techniques, benefits, barriers and solutions","authors":"Lekan Taofeek Popoola ,&nbsp;Celestine Chidi Nwogbu ,&nbsp;Usman Taura ,&nbsp;Yuli Panca Asmara ,&nbsp;Alfred Ogbodo Agbo ,&nbsp;Tajudeen Adejare Aderibigbe ,&nbsp;Saheed Olalekan Alawode ,&nbsp;Oluwafemi Fadayini","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Petrochemical industries serve as the building block for many downstream industries via the provision of crucial raw materials needed for the production of wide range of products ranging from fertilizers and plastics to textiles and pharmaceuticals. Thus, they are contributory to the advancement of global market and economy. However, it imperative for these industries to engage in energy transition to affordable and clean energy by adopting clean energy technology in order to reduce high cost of energy consumption and lower greenhouse gas emissions. This review article presents relevant information on energy consumption of various processes in petrochemical operations and also explores different strategic approaches that can be adopted to integrate clean and affordable energy into petrochemical industries for effective operations. Identified techniques include retrofitting of existing systems; phased integration of renewables; and energy audits and digital monitoring. Better reduction in energy bills, maintenance costs and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by fossil fuels will be attained with the incorporation of renewable energy. About 2.47 × 10⁶ kJ of energy is consumed per one metric ton product in a typical petrochemical industry while renewable power capacity of 1066 GW is contributed to cause a reduction in the GHG emission by 14.7 % to about 129 MtCO₂. This article also centers comprehensively on the solutions to various accorded challenges together with case studies of petrochemical industries that have successfully utilized clean energy. Conclusively, it is recommended that industry operators, academia, government and other stakeholders should work together to make effective operations in petrochemical industries a reality via transitioning to affordable and clean energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100453"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional properties of chemically modified fibers from sweet corn cob bio-waste","authors":"Hosein Nafarzadeh,&nbsp;Mazdak Alimi,&nbsp;Seyed-Ahmad Shahidi,&nbsp;Azade Ghorbani-HasanSaraei","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical extraction and modification of bio-waste corn cob fiber. The process involved sequential alkali treatment, bleaching, and esterification using sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, and acetic anhydride, respectively. Results showed that increasing the alkalinity and hydrogen peroxide concentration enhanced the water-holding capacity (WHC) and water-swelling power (WSP) compared to the untreated fiber. In the acetylated samples, a higher concentration of acetic anhydride (AA) significantly increased WHC and WSP relative to the alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP)-treated fibers. Color measurements indicated that for AHP-treated fibers, the L* value increased, while a* and b* values decreased compared to the raw fiber, suggesting a decrease in chromophoric content due to lignin degradation. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra exhibited a distinct peak at 1754.19 cm⁻¹ in the acetylated fibers, corresponding to the C<img>O stretching vibration of the acetyl group confirming successful acetylation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that AHP treatment disrupted the compact surface of the raw fiber, forming a more open and porous structure. With increasing AA concentration, the fiber surface exhibited greater separation and deeper cavities, which likely contributed to the higher WHC and WSP values observed. The TGA results revealed that the acetylated sample had an equal thermal stability compare to AHP-treated samples. Overall, the chemical modification of corn cob waste fibers substantially improved their structural and functional properties, providing a sustainable approach for valorizing agricultural waste and highlighting their potential as value-added ingredients for food formulation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refurbishment: A systematic review of its current state and future research avenues","authors":"Heemanshi Shahi,&nbsp;Sapna Parashar","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Refurbishment plays a crucial role in the circular economy by extending product lifecycles, reducing waste, and enhancing sustainability. However, research on refurbishment remains fragmented across disciplines. This study systematically reviews 227 peer-reviewed articles from Scopus, employing bibliometric and content analysis to identify key themes. Findings highlight a strong focus on consumer acceptance, business strategies, and environmental benefits, while sustainable refurbishment and digitalization remain underexplored. Limited research exists on refurbishment in emerging economies. This review contributes to circular economy literature by emphasizing interdisciplinary research on technology adoption, consumer behavior, and industry-specific applications, offering insights for academics, policymakers, and businesses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal analysis of pollutants in Leachate and downstream river water of Banchare Danda and Sisdol landfill sites","authors":"Saroj Babu Koirala ,&nbsp;Ramesh Gautam ,&nbsp;Sujan Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Shristi Khand ,&nbsp;Laxmi Dhungana ,&nbsp;Rashika Pandit ,&nbsp;Reema Lama Pakhrin ,&nbsp;Rachna Jha ,&nbsp;Yubraj Dahal","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct discharge of leachate into the water bodies severely affects the aquatic ecosystems, nearby agricultural areas, and thus poses a serious threat to human and environmental health. Major landfills in Nepal are also suffering from such threats due to the lack of proper leachate management practices. Thus, this study aims to analyze the status of physicochemical contaminants in the leachate of Banchare and Sisdol landfills, along with the water of the downstream river. The variation of pollutants was also evaluated in two distinct seasons, viz., pre-monsoon and monsoon. As a result, pre-monsoon samples recorded a more acidic pH with higher conductivity compared to the monsoon samples. From the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) within the variation of 94.6 %, the heavy metal contaminations were more severe in the Banchare Field (BF) and Sisdol Field (SF) sampling sites. Detectable amounts of heavy metals with higher values compared to control were also reported in the Banchare Downstream River (BW) and Sisdol Downstream River (SW) sites, such as Zinc (2.48 mg/L in BW and 1.94 mg/L in SW), Cadmium (only detected with 0.01 mg/L in BW), Iron (1.29 mg/L in SW and 1.04 mg/L in BW), and Copper (0.06 mg/L in SW and 0.04 mg/L in BW). The PCA also supported this result by providing the cluster of heavy metals in the BW and SW sites. The concentrations of most of the heavy metals in leachate were above the FAO guidelines for irrigation water during pre-monsoon, raising serious concerns regarding the proper leachate management in both landfills. To prevent the deterioration of nearby water, the installation of leachate treatment systems in Banchare and proper post-closure management in Sisdol is urgent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating food waste in bangladesh’s food manufacturing sector: Comparative and theoretical insights from the United States and the European Union","authors":"Abu Noman Mohammad Atahar Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the regulation of food waste within the food manufacturing and processing sector in Bangladesh, with a focus on its alignment with global sustainability objectives. Approximately one-fifth of the food intended for human consumption is either wasted or lost globally, resulting in significant economic, ecological, and societal impacts. This research intends to establish a regulatory framework that is contextually relevant and rooted in theory, specifically for Bangladesh. The study adopts a qualitative and comparative research methodology, employing both documentary and doctrinal analysis. It extensively investigates core legal materials, such as laws, policies, and regulatory systems, complemented by secondary literature, including academic research, institutional documentation, and statistics from the Food and Agriculture Organization, the United Nations Environment Programme, the World Food Programme, and national governmental organizations. The comparative analysis highlights the regulatory strategies of the United States and the European Union, where consumer-focused regulations, financial incentives, and public-private collaborations have been successful, in contrast to Bangladesh’s fragmented regulatory regime. The study is grounded in theoretical perspectives derived from Command-and-Control Theory, Economic Incentive Theory, Game Theory, and Responsive Regulation Theory to inform the interpretation of the results. The findings indicate that Bangladesh lacks a cohesive framework for addressing food waste as a distinct regulatory issue. This paper advocates for a comprehensive legal framework that incorporates global best practices and strategies tailored to local conditions, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating 10R principles in pavement engineering: Circular economy pathway for reclaimed asphalt pavement","authors":"Alireza Azarhoosh,&nbsp;Mehdi Koohmishi","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of substantial volumes of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) worldwide poses a key challenge to pavement industry, mandating establishment of innovative strategies to keep resources in use and waste out of the environment, aligning with circular economy (CE) goals. Despite conducting extensive literature review on recycling technologies, environmental benefits, and mechanical properties of extremely RAP-containing asphalt mixtures, the green circularity of RAP materials has been only briefly addressed in existing studies. In this context, the present study conducts a thorough review, drawing upon relevant studies published from 2010 to 2025, to bridge circularity of these waste materials with the R-hierarchy, particularly 10 R principles, to develop potential strategies for reducing, reusing, refurbishing, remanufacturing, repurposing, upcycling, and downcycling RAP, thereby evolving a more sustainable pavement industry and promoting greener roadway construction. Additionally, a framework is proposed to more effectively manage the analysis of material flow within flexible pavements, while also facilitating the process of storing RAP based on 10 R principles of CE. Overall, this study contributes to fostering a greener, more sustainable road pavement industry through tailored showcases of CE applications for RAP materials aligning with a set of 10 R strategies. Overcoming characterized challenges and leveraging potential enablers can elevate the practical implementation of CE principles in RAP, leading to more energy-efficient solutions and optimized resource utilization across the pavement sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcycling colored brush fiber waste through siro yarn production: A sustainable approach to reduce environmental impact in textile manufacturing","authors":"Md. Atikul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Ehsanur Rashid ,&nbsp;Towfik Aziz Kanon ,&nbsp;Md. Rubel Khan ,&nbsp;Md. Bashar Uddin ,&nbsp;Md. Nayemul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Habibur Rahman ,&nbsp;Abdul Wahab Fahim ,&nbsp;Raihan Uddin ,&nbsp;Shrestha Ray ,&nbsp;Md Younus Khan Rijuan ,&nbsp;Md Mahbubul Haque","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growing environmental concerns, stricter sustainability regulations, and rising raw material costs have accelerated interest in textile waste recycling. This study investigates the use of colored brush fiber waste (CWBF), generated during the sueding process, to produce siro yarn without mechanical recycling. Twelve yarn samples were developed—nine with varying CWBF blends and three virgin cotton control yarns. The CWBF, collected in tuft form, was fed directly through carding machine. Yarn properties were assessed using evenness and tensile tests, along with optical microscopy and SEM. Statistical analyses, including full factorial regression and correlation analysis, identified significant factors affecting yarn quality. A 12.5 % CWBF blend was found optimal, offering substantial environmental benefits—saving 1559 liters of water, 4.8 kWh of energy, and reducing 2.2 kg of CO₂ per kilogram of CWBF used. Fabrics were also made to confirm the yarn's suitability for apparel applications, demonstrating CWBF’s potential as a sustainable raw material for siro yarn production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced organic and microbial contaminant removal using planted constructed wetland-microbial fuel cells for university wastewater treatment","authors":"Tolesa Getu ,&nbsp;Kenatu Angassa ,&nbsp;Ribka Etana ,&nbsp;Mikiyas Abewaa","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the organic matter and bacteriological removal performance of a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland microbial fuel cell (VSSFCW-MFC) for treating wastewater generated from a university. Microcosm-scale VSSFCW-MFC systems were developed, including one planted with <em>Scirpus atrovirens</em> and one unplanted for comparison. The experiments were conducted at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 days with a flow rate of 2.8 L/day. Water quality parameters analyzed included temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total coliforms (TC), and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The planted CW-MFC demonstrated removal efficiencies of 91.51 ± 2.44 % for BOD₅, 96.28 ± 1.78 % for COD, 99.45 ± 0.21 % for TC, and 99.98 ± 0.01 % for E. coli. In comparison, the unplanted CW-MFC achieved removal rates of 85.49 ± 3.69 % (BOD₅), 93.11 ± 4.70 % (COD), 98.43 ± 0.30 % (TC), and 96.53 ± 0.38 % (E. coli). These results indicate that the planted CW-MFC met regulatory discharge limits for surface and inland water bodies and that vegetation plays a significant role in enhancing treatment performance. Overall, the findings suggest that micro-scale VSSFCW-MFC systems are effective for removing organic and bacteriological contaminants and hold promise for scaling up in university wastewater treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing environmental and policy dimensions of LEED adoption in ready-made garments of Bangladesh: Drivers, barriers, and strategies for sustainable industrial green transformation","authors":"Suruj Ali ,&nbsp;Yead Arefin ,&nbsp;Md. Saifur Rahman ,&nbsp;Abdullah Al-Maruf","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ready-made garment (RMG) sector is central to Bangladesh’s economy but remains a major source of environmental pressure. In response, a growing number of factories have adopted Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification as a strategy toward sustainable industrial transformation. However, evidence on why some factories adopt LEED while others do not remains limited, particularly in developing-country contexts. This study examines the drivers, barriers, and enabling conditions shaping LEED adoption in Bangladesh’s RMG sector using a factory-level mixed-methods approach. Primary data were collected from 21 RMG factories, combining structured surveys of factory personnel (n = 423) with key informant interviews (KIIs) involving managers, sustainability officers, and industry stakeholders. Individual survey responses were aggregated to the factory level, and analysis was conducted using descriptive, comparative, and pattern-based methods. Exploratory factor analysis was employed strictly as a measurement tool, while KIIs were used to triangulate and contextualize quantitative patterns. The findings show that LEED adoption is shaped not by isolated factors but by configurations of external market pressure, organizational commitment, financial capacity, and policy engagement. Buyer requirements and management commitment consistently emerge as central enabling conditions, while high upfront costs, limited access to green finance, and technical capacity constraints remain key barriers, particularly for smaller and non-export-oriented factories. Policy incentives and green financing mechanisms function as selective enablers rather than universal drivers, benefiting factories with stronger organizational readiness and external linkages. Overall, the study advances a configurational understanding of sustainability transitions in labor-intensive manufacturing and provides sector-indicative insights for designing more inclusive industrial sustainability policies in developing economies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of smallholder farmers’ entrepreneurial orientation on intention to continue using climate-smart dairy strategies: Mediating role of theory of planned behaviour constructs","authors":"Naomi Chebiwot Chelang’a ,&nbsp;Mary Mathenge ,&nbsp;Dickson Otieno Okello ,&nbsp;Maria Sassi","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2026.100479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change has increasingly impacted dairy production over the past decade. In response, climate-smart dairy strategies have been promoted to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance the resilience of smallholder farmers. However, despite growing pressure to adopt these sustainable practices, adoption rates remain low. This study explores the key drivers influencing farmers’ intention to adopt climate-smart dairy strategies, aiming to identify effective entry points for promoting their uptake. We used the theory of planned behaviour and entrepreneurial orientation, filling some gaps in the literature by capturing the interplay between entrepreneurial orientation and socio-psychological factors. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was employed to determine different constructs’ direct and indirect effects on behavioural intention to use climate-smart dairy strategies from 385 respondents drawn from Nyandarua County. According to the results, aggressiveness, risk-taking, autonomy, and innovativeness were statistically significant in explaining perceived behavioural control. Proactiveness and autonomy had a positive influence on attitude. Additionally, perceived behavioural control, subjective norms, and attitudes were positively correlated with perceived usefulness and behavioural intention to use climate-smart dairy strategies. This study suggests that reinforcing capacity-building initiatives through training is essential to enhance farmers’ entrepreneurial behaviours concerning adopting climate-smart dairy strategies. Moreover, it emphasises the significance of socio-psychological factors in decision-making processes, advocating that instilling the appropriate attitudes among farmers will facilitate the uptake of climate-smart dairy strategies. However, this study is based on self-reported data, which can be subject to recall error and social desirability bias, which could negatively impact the quality of the given response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}