Cleaner Waste Systems最新文献

{"title":"Nutrient recovery by microalgae in aqueous product of hydrothermal carbonization of dairy manure","authors":"Nicholas A. Silva,&nbsp;Callan J. Glover,&nbsp;Sage R. Hiibel","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an emerging technology for energy recovery from wet biomass waste streams, including dairy manure. The HTC aqueous product (HAP) contains organic compounds and nutrients, requiring further treatment prior to environmental discharge. The goal of this study was to evaluate nutrient removal from dairy manure HAP using four species of microalgae: <em>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris, Arthrospira maxima,</em> and <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em>. The optimal HAP concentration for all species was 5% with little to no growth observed at lower dilutions. The highest nutrient removal occurred with <em>A. maxima</em> with &gt; 93%, 33%, 81%, and 50% removal of NH₃, NO₃^-, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP), respectively. Nutrient removal with the other species ranged from 35% to 82% of NH₃, 29% to 35% of NO₃^-, 12% to 34% of TN, and 8% to78% of TP. Integrating HTC with microalgae cultivation is a promising treatment method for combined energy and nutrient recovery from dairy manure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49703683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of cenospheres from solid waste produced by coal-fired power plants","authors":"A. Jaworek,&nbsp;A.T. Sobczyk,&nbsp;T. Czech,&nbsp;A. Marchewicz,&nbsp;A. Krupa","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coal-fired power plants produce over 300 million tons of fly ash each year and this amount still increases. Recently, this severe source of environmental contaminants is considered as a raw material used to provide transition metals, rare-earth elements and cenospheres. Cenosphere is a hollow aluminosilicate spherical particle of diameter between 20 µm and 500 µm, which is one of those coal combustion byproducts that attracted attention of industrial and materials engineers due to their specific physical and chemical properties. Traditionally, cenospheres are utilized as construction materials component due to their high compressive and tensile strength. Novel applications, for example, as a catalyst carrier or as thermal barrier coating, result from their specific properties such as low bulk and apparent density, high chemical and thermal stability, and low thermal conductivity. The paper briefly summarizes the present state of knowledge on physical and chemical properties of cenospheres obtained from coal fly ash, the methods for their recovery, and their utilization. The novelty of this review is a detailed analysis of parameters specific to cenospheres, which distinguish them from other solid fly ash particles and opens new possibilities of their utilization. Particular attention was paid to magnetic cenospheres, which can be applied to the production of modern functional materials of high chemical and thermal stability and mechanical strength, combined with their magnetic properties, allowing their easy separation from gaseous or liquid phases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49703681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing circular economy principles in the apparel production process: Reusing pre-consumer waste for sustainability of environment and economy","authors":"Upama Nasrin Haq ,&nbsp;S.M. Rakifull Alam","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmentalists, the government, and the factory have always been more concerned with the inevitable pre-consumer waste produced by the apparel sector. The sustainable management of this enormous waste has received substantial attention from researchers. This study aims to experiment with a fresh approach to circular fashion, applying the circular economy principle of ‘reusing’ to manage the pre-consumer waste sustainably generated in the cutting section of the apparel industry. A specific style (boy’s t-shirts) has been assessed to trace, gather, classify and quantify the reusable cutting waste produced in a factory located in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to introduce circular fashion (toddler t-shirts) and integrate circularity practices in the existing production process. It has been found that approximately 2238 pieces of circular products (CP) can be produced from the 218.6 kg surplus fabric, 212.13 kg reusable cutting waste and 210 reusable rejected cut panels. The approach followed in the study has presented the shortest loop of the circular economy consisting of the stages of gathering, sorting, redesigning, re-cutting, and sewing process. The investigation further demonstrates that, concerning ecological sustainability and economic feasibility, the direct reutilization of pre-consumer waste of cutting sections could prove more efficient than recycling, landfilling, or incineration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49703680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying determinants of household food waste behavior in urban India","authors":"Aakanksha Bhatia ,&nbsp;Seema Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Food waste is an unresolved problem for the developed world economies and is slowly creeping into the growing urban areas of the developing nations. The study aims to find the determinants of household food waste behavior in the national capital region of India. It uses a structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze data from 372 urban households to explore the relationship between household food waste behavior with the latent variables namely, financial consciousness, food consumption management, intention to avoid food waste and COVID-19 impact. Our results show that households which show good food consumption management practices reported lesser household food wastage. Furthermore, it is observed COVID-19 positively impacted the food consumption management of households. The need is for raising awareness and imparting knowledge on how to improve food consumption management practices of the rapidly rising urban population of developing economies to prevent food wastage at the household level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49703714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on characterization and recyclability of pharmaceutical blisters","authors":"İrem Yaren Çapkın,&nbsp;Mertol Gökelma","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Packaging is one of the biggest sectors in the world and the use of aluminium is widespread in the packaging industry. Pharmaceutical blister packages generate a significant amount of solid waste, typically containing plastics and aluminium as thin layers. Since these packages have a complex structure with multiple layers, they are hard to recycle. A separation process of the plastic and aluminium is needed prior to recycling. Hydrometallurgical or thermal processes can be used for the separation. This work reviews the characterization of different types of blisters and the different reagents used in the separation process of the blister layers. Parameters and results of separation processes by using hydrochloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, organic solvents, and phosphoric acid were discussed as well as the thermal degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49701722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy potential from the generation of biogas from anaerobic digestion of olive oil extraction wastes in Brazil","authors":"Thayla Francisca Vilas Bôas ,&nbsp;Regina Mambeli Barros ,&nbsp;Jucimar Augusto Pinto ,&nbsp;Ivan Felipe Silva dos Santos ,&nbsp;Electo Eduardo Silva Lora ,&nbsp;Rubenildo Vieira Andrade ,&nbsp;Geraldo Lúcio Tiago Filho ,&nbsp;Karina Arruda Almeida ,&nbsp;Gabriel de Oliveira Machado","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to quantify the energy potential of biogas produced from the anaerobic biodigestion of wastes from the olive oil extraction process through the simulation of scenarios with real data of olive oil production in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil, for the year 2018. We also used fictitious production data for comparative purposes. The simulations were made using the software \"Biogas generation and energy use\" effluents and rural waste version 1.0 of the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo. Cost estimation and economic viability were performed using the internal rate of return (IRR), net present value (NPV), payback, and levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), considering the scenarios with and without the Certified Emission Reduction (CER) revenue. Concerning the regions, the Southern Region presented a viable project, with an IRR equal to 11%, NPV of US$ 92.909,28, and a payback of 7.9 years for the scenario with CER revenue. The Southeast region presented unviable projects for both states, São Paulo and Minas Gerais. Considering the national electric energy agency Resolutions, viable projects were obtained for Minas Gerais and the Rio Grande do Sul for the scenario with CER revenue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49701723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of the performance of ground granulated blast furnace slag blended recycled aggregate concrete exposed to elevated temperatures","authors":"Tran Minh Tung ,&nbsp;Olusola Emmanuel Babalola ,&nbsp;Duc-Hien Le","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2022.100069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2022.100069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focused on investigating the residual mechanical properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag blended recycled aggregate concrete (GGBS-RAC) after exposure to elevated temperatures. The residual compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, elastic modulus, and stress strain behavior of the GGBS-RAC were evaluated through laboratory experimental tests. The experimental phase includes material characterization for ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) to determine their physical characteristic and chemical composition. GGBS was used to partially replace cement at four levels of 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, and 60 % while the water to binder ratio was fixed at 0.5. The targeted mechanical strength properties of GGBS blended RAC were analysed at both room temperature (about 25 ℃) and after exposure to elevated temperatures of 200, 400, 600, and 800 ℃. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses were conducted to study the degradation mechanism of GGBS blended recycled aggregate concrete at room temperature and after exposure to elevated temperatures. The resistance to deterioration of residual mechanical strength in GGBS-RAC was found to be significantly enhanced compared to recycled aggregate concrete without GGBS, and better residual strength performance of RAC was observed at 40 % GGBS content. The microstructure images revealed that micro/macro cracks formation, as well as the decomposition of hydrated products in recycled aggregate concrete at high temperatures, are the main reasons for the reduction of mechanical strength properties after exposure to elevated temperatures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49701810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electricity generation from biogas as resource recovery potential from solid waste composition in a mixed-income municipality","authors":"Bright Amponsem ,&nbsp;Edem Cudjoe Bensah ,&nbsp;Edward Antwi ,&nbsp;Julius Cudjoe Ahiekpor ,&nbsp;Benjamin Boahen ,&nbsp;Isaac Mensah ,&nbsp;Satyanarayana Narra","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2022.100067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2022.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Knowledge gaps on municipal solid waste composition for energy potential render most developing countries unprepared for waste-to-energy technology treatment. Sub-Saharan African countries, such as Ghana, commonly use skip containers for waste collection and dispose of in landfills. To assess the global warming potential under anaerobic digestion, estimate biomethane conversion to electricity and evaluate some economic viability for a decentralized biogas plant, 10 skip containers from trucks were sampled from Oforikrom Municipality. The skips were selected from a mixed-income municipality, where households, markets, and wood industry areas share common skip containers for weeks before disposal. Such data are scarcely reported in the literature. The waste generation rates from skip containers were quantified, and their physical and chemical compositions were measured according to standards. The physical composition showed that organic, recyclables and non-recyclables consist of 40%, 34% and 26% respectively, with 52% of the waste fractions&gt; 100 mm. It was found that skip location affects composition. It was revealed that the standard deviation for fractions of unprocessed municipal solid waste in each skip container decreased in the order of households&gt; market&gt; wood activity. The methane yield for anaerobic digestion was estimated to be about 224021.24 <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><mo>/</mo><mi>yr</mi></mrow></math></span>. The electricity generation potential was found to be 601870.65 <span><math><mrow><mi>kWh</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>yr</mi></mrow></math></span>. The Net Present Value of 5.11 million US dollars showed that the anaerobic digestion project was financially viable. The payback period determined was found to be approximately 2 years. The amount of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mi>eq</mi></mrow></math></span> of the GHG that would be displaced if biogas is utilised for electricity generation is 200.78 ktons in a year. Therefore, the nationally determined contribution emission reduction target for Ghana from 2020 to 2030 (21,313.0 kt<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mi>eq</mi></mrow></math></span>) by adopting alternative urban solid waste management can be reduced by 7.54% when operating this biogas plant from 2023 to 2030.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49728615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban informal waste recycling in Tehran: Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards health risks during recycling process","authors":"Zahra Ghaedrahmati ,&nbsp;Mohtasham Ghaffari ,&nbsp;Yadollah Mehrabi ,&nbsp;Nadali Alavi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Amereh ,&nbsp;Kasra Roostaei ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rafiee","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2022.100064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2022.100064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents health risks-related perceptions during informal recycling of municipal solid waste in Tehran, Iran, associated with poor management. We developed a proved reliable and valid questionnaire which provided information of detailed evaluations from a total of 384 participants who agreed to be interviewed. The participants showed an acceptable knowledge and positive attitude towards waste picking related health risks. However, healthy and safe behaviors were not so common among them. The majority of respondents (33.6 %) not only showed continuing to work even with the knowledge of the existence of sharp objects and infectious waste in garbage bags. However, they were also weak to seek timely healthcare and medical check-up, as well as personal hygiene and healthy diet practices. These inappropriate garbage scavenging behaviors, evidenced by severe injuries, were most dominant among uneducated, low-income, and younger participants. Unsafe and life-threatening practices were explained by lack of awareness or sense of need, oblivion, difficulty to access washing facilities at city-wide, work-related fatigue, time saving, as well as high cost of personal protective equipment (PPE) and screening tests. Socio-demographic factors predicting garbage scavengers’ unsafe behaviors were also analyzed. Knowledge of garbage scavengers about exposure or outcomes of unsafe practices is unlikely to influence willingness to take safe and acceptable practices, leading to the idea that such practices are unavoidable. However, improving garbage scavengers’ perception about health risks through experienced colleagues and development of effective behaviors-changing interventions may hold great promise for promoting their health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49701939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling waste cooking oil into soap: Knowledge transfer through community service learning","authors":"Siti Nurdiyanah Kamarul Azme,&nbsp;Nur Sofea Insyirah Mohd Yusoff,&nbsp;Lim Ying Chin,&nbsp;Yusairie Mohd,&nbsp;Rossuriati Dol Hamid,&nbsp;Muhammad Noor Jalil,&nbsp;Hamizah Mohd Zaki,&nbsp;Sabiha Hanim Saleh,&nbsp;Norizan Ahmat,&nbsp;Mohd Abdul Fatah Abdul Manan,&nbsp;Nurjanah Yury,&nbsp;Nurul Nadiah Firdaus Hum,&nbsp;Famiza Abd Latif,&nbsp;Zainiharyati Mohd Zain","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Waste cooking oil (WCO) is oil that has been used more than once in the food frying process. Consumption of more than twice-used cooking oil as a source of fried food has carcinogenic effects on human health due to the changes in the molecular structure of the oil caused by high temperatures during the frying process. Furthermore, the disposal of used cooking oil into sewage systems drains, rivers and land results in environmental pollution. This community project provides awareness, exposure and training to 30 participants within the communities under the jurisdiction of the Shah Alam City Council to recycle the used cooking oil into soap production at their homes or business premises. The approach includes identifying communities and training locations, developing training modules with target groups, preparing teaching and demonstration workshops, interactive training, monitoring and impact studies. Soap optimizations were carried out in the lab and were simplified to suit the community’s knowledge background and at-home facilities. The quality of soap production was optimized by using a different formulation and analysing its moisture content, fragrance, pH value and physical properties of the soap. WCO was treated with corn flour powder, followed by the addition of an alkaline solution until the solution became slightly viscous. Statistical analysis results showed that 98.8% of the participant benefited from the knowledge transfer program, increased their awareness and received positive impacts that were measured through focus group discussions using pre- and post-questionnaires. This community service has not only raised awareness of the importance of recycling used cooking oil, but also the potential to generate new income through the business of making soap from used cooking oil, thereby improving the economy of the Selangor state community.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49701724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}