Cleaner Energy Systems最新文献

{"title":"Energetic, economic environmental analysis for photovoltaic grid-connected systems under different climate conditions in Iraq","authors":"Omar Rafae Alomar ,&nbsp;Noor Moneer Basher ,&nbsp;Omar Mohammed Ali ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Salih ,&nbsp;Nabeel M. Abdulrazzaq ,&nbsp;Sarkaft M. Samad","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study numerically involves the feasibility analysis of environment, economic and energy of 1MWp photovoltaic (PV) system under Iraq climatic condition. The photovoltaic model is based on the monocrystal silicon solar panels with suitable inverters and other accessories. Real metrological data from NREL measurements for 21 different sites in Iraq are used to determine the best site for installing photovoltaic power plant. A sensitivity model is also developed to investigate the climate conditions e.g., Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI), ambient temperature, altitude, absolute air mass on the capacity factors, yield factors and cost of energy for different 21 sites. Results indicated that photovoltaic power plant can be installed in different locations in Iraq due to their 3-E performances although there are some variations in these performances due to the variation in the geographical nature and metrological data. The 3-E performances outcomes indicated that the avoided of CO₂ emission ranged between 2.17tCO2/ kWp and 2.55tCO2/ kWp, the levelized cost of energy ranged between 0.093USD and 0.079USD and the yield energy ranged between 1514kWh/kWp and 1745kWh/kWp, respectively. The findings display that the optimum performances are achieved in Al-Rutba city and the minimum performances are recorded in Erbil city. The other monthly energy performance ensure the yearly performance. There are similarities in the technical, economic and environment performance for some cities due to the similarities in the climatic conditions. The outcomes display that there is a direct relationship between global horizontal irradiance and technical and economic results. Other climate conditions have an effect on the results but these effects are low as compared to global horizontal irradiance. The rising in degradation rate, inflation rate and PV module price leads to rise in energy cost of plant, while the increase in the power of plant has no effect on energy cost. The conclusions display that all locations are workable for installing PV system, but Al-Rutba city is the best between them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-effect distillation with novel liquid vapor ejector utilizing the waste heat from intercoolers of a single mixed refrigerant cycle for natural gas liquefaction","authors":"Md Maruf Ahmed,&nbsp;Salim Sadman Bishal,&nbsp;M Monjurul Ehsan,&nbsp;Yasin Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing and reusing waste heat is crucial to increasing the economic benefits and energy efficiency of industrial processes. Furthermore, combating climate change relies heavily on recovering heat that would otherwise be squandered. With a growing population comes a greater need for clean drinking water. Single mixed refrigerant (SMR) cycle, one of the most practical refrigerating technologies for natural gas liquefaction, rejects a great deal of heat energy in the intercoolers between multistage compression that may be used as the primary heat source for a low-temperature multi-effect desalination plant. This research suggests combining a natural gas liquefaction system with a Liquid Vapor Ejector (LVE) and a Single Mixed Refrigerant (SMR) system, all of which use multi-effect distillation with thermal vapor compression (MED-TVC). The design code SMR-MED integrated system is developed using an in-house robust algorithm in Python. In this setting, the fact that the MED-TVC system can use waste heat from a single mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction facility highlights its flexibility. An energy and exergy analysis are performed to determine the feasibility of the proposed system. The design code has been validated against the existing literature. The parametric analysis has been done by changing three independent parameters: namely, refrigerant mass flow rate (10 kg/s to 30 kg/s), water mass flow rate at the intercooler (10kg/s to 40kg/s), and water inlet temperature at the intercooler (17 °C to 35 °C), as, these parameters affects both the LNG production SMR cycle as well as Distillate and Brine production in the MED-TVC system. The results suggest that increasing refrigerant flow increases the cooling effect by 299.68 %, thus producing 289.90 % more LNG; however, exponentially declines distillate by 74.22 %, thus limiting maximum refrigerant flow. Increasing the water mass flow rate improves the distillate production and Gained output ratio (GOR) by 676.07 % and 676.92 %, respectively; conversely, it reduces brine production by 72.97 %. In contrast, increasing water inlet temperature reduces distillate generation and overall system performance. The study results can be used to improve existing system performance and design more sustainable waste heat recovery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating environmental impacts into Cost-Benefit Analysis using emergy","authors":"Vivek Radhakrishnan ,&nbsp;Praveenkumar Selvapathy ,&nbsp;Matthew Garvin ,&nbsp;Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Chayani Perera ,&nbsp;Fazal Rehman ,&nbsp;Ranuka Hansa","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaluating project viability often relies on economic analysis with environmental impacts either evaluated subjectively in a separate analysis or not at all. The concept of the study was to express environmental impacts as cash flow equivalents through the life of the project to directly compare environmental and economic impacts in a standard cost-benefit analysis. Embodied energy accounting methodologies have been used as a novel method for converting environmental impacts of a project to monetary terms. With environmental impacts expressed in monetary terms on an annual basis, the present value of the environmental impacts could be calculated using an appropriate interest rate based on environmentally-focused investment for a similar project. Application of this method to a case study based on a recent wetland restoration project in eastern Canada demonstrated that inclusion of environmental impact valuation in the analysis of the project changes the project from a net-cost (CAN$-23.5 million) to a net-benefit (CAN$3.7 million) and providing a clear justification for the project. This method is applicable to projects with significant environmental impacts and can be used in a project approval process or for selecting between project approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient dual-mode power generation with sustainable biogas and biodiesel blends in diesel generators","authors":"Ratchagaraja Dhairiyasamy ,&nbsp;Deepika Gabiriel","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for renewable energy solutions has led to the exploration of sustainable biofuels like biogas and biodiesel for power generation. However, the combined use of these fuels in small-scale dual-fuel systems remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a dual-fuel diesel generator operating with waste-derived biodiesel and biogas. Biodiesel was synthesized from waste frying oil through transesterification, and biogas with a methane content of 63.5 % was sourced from an agricultural digester. A 5 kVA diesel generator was modified for dual-fuel operation and tested under varying electrical loads and biodiesel blend ratios (B8, B20, B50, B80, and B100). Results revealed that dual-fuel operation increased power output by up to 21.77 % compared to diesel-only mode and achieved liquid fuel savings of 28.74 % to 31.08 % across the blends. Efficiency in normal mode remained higher, peaking at 25.74 % for B100. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of integrating biogas and biodiesel for small-scale power generation, offering a cost-effective and sustainable alternative for off-grid applications. Future research should address emissions analysis, biogas supply optimization, and scalability for broader implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Eulerian-Eulerian multifluid simulation for co-combustion of coal and sawdust in industrial scale circulating fluidized bed boiler","authors":"Vasujeet Singh,&nbsp;Pruthiviraj Nemalipuri,&nbsp;Harish Chandra Das,&nbsp;Vivek Vitankar","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-combustion of coal and biomass reduced the net Carbon di-oxide emissions. The fluidized bed technology is best suited to burn biomass and coal combinations without major modifications to the combustion systems. Experimentation of large-scale CFBC boilers is uneconomical and time-consuming. Mathematical modelling has gained visibility in the last several decades and allows researchers to explore different circumstances and design optimization. The current research presents mathematical modelling of an industrial scale CFBC boiler (165 TPH CFBC Boiler for 100 MWe CPP) functioning in Hindalco Industries, Odisha, India, using co-combustion of coal and sawdust biomass (90 % coal + 10 % sawdust). The simulation is performed using the Eulerian-Eulerian multifluid model by considering the four different Eulerian phases (coal, sawdust, sand, and mixture gas). The kinetic theory of granular (KTGF) flows is used to model the collisions between bed material and fuel particles. User-defined functions (written in C programming language) are employed to model the reaction kinetics of heterogeneous chemical reactions. The numerical methodology is validated with the onsite industrial data of pressure drop, fluidized bed height, suspension density, bed voidage, and temperature variations. The comparison of pressure drop, fluidized bed height, axial velocity profiles, sand and mixture gas temperature variations, gas compositions, and pollutant emissions (Sulfur di-oxide and nitrous oxide) using solo coal and blended fuel are presented in the result section. Hydrodynamics steady reveals the recirculation of sand particles in the fluidized bed region of the boiler. The comparison of solo coal and blended fuel combustion study reveals an 11.42 % reduction in pressure drop, 13.17 % increase in oxygen mass fraction, 10.63 % reduction in carbon mono oxide mass fraction, 16.26 % reduction in Sulfur di-oxide mass fraction, and 7.17 % reduction in nitrous oxide mass fraction is observed at the boiler outlet while using the 10 % sawdust blends with 90 % coal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case for supporting distributed wind energy deployment in commercial-scale potato production based on field measurements in Ireland","authors":"Raymond Byrne,&nbsp;Paul MacArtain,&nbsp;Gerard Reaburn","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Potato production is seasonal in nature, resulting in the requirement for product storage in order to meet ongoing demands of consumer markets. Maintaining potato quality in medium- to long-term storage is temperature dependent and typically requires refrigeration to maintain a stable storage environment. This represents an energy demand that adds to production costs and greenhouse gas emissions using conventional fossil-based energy supplies. On-site renewable technology deployment presents opportunities to mitigate against these, however, the appropriate deployment of such technologies requires a site-specific understanding of energy demand and available renewable energy resources to best match the energy resources to demand. This research case study makes the case for on-site distributed wind electricity generation compared with solar PV in commercial-scale potato production in Ireland. It is based on high-resolution multi-annual measurements of electricity demand along with measurements and modelling of available on-site wind and solar resources at a commercial-scale producer's site. The results show that despite higher capital costs at present, distributed wind energy can be more appropriate for the given energy demand and resource profiles. A critical need to embed energy demand and resource matching criteria in government supports for on-site renewable energy deployment is highlighted. The learnings from this case study may be of benefit to numerous prospective stakeholders such as end-users, agricultural bodies and government agencies engaged with energy and carbon reduction in agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing fruit wastes as a sustainable feedstock for bioethanol production: A review","authors":"Shedrack Thomas Mgeni ,&nbsp;Herieth Rhodes Mero ,&nbsp;Lewis Atugonza Mtashobya ,&nbsp;Jovine Kamuhabwa Emmanuel","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This present review is significant as it aligns with the global push to expand energy sources and address climate change and air pollution. It explores how fruit waste can be utilized as a feedstock for bioethanol production, a key renewable fuel. To conduct a thorough literature evaluation, the study used keywords including bioethanol production, bioethanol feedstocks, bioethanol from fruit wastes and bioethanol production technology to search for published studies in databases including Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer Link, Web of Science, and Scopus. 150 articles were identified; however, 113 articles met the relevance criteria for inclusion in the present study. This study examines the methods for converting agricultural and fruit waste into bioethanol, along with the environmental and economic benefits, such as blending it with gasoline for use as vehicle fuel. This process boosts gasoline's octane rating, enhances fuel quality, lowers production costs, and reduces exhaust emissions. Besides, the present study assesses global bioethanol production and summarizes the findings from various studies on fruit wastes generation, potentiality of fruit wastes, bioethanol production and properties, potentiality of bioethanol as an energy source, bioethanol production process, parameters affecting optimal bioethanol production during microbial fermentation. It is suggested that attention be given to fruit wastes considering the cost and conditions to improve bioethanol yields through fermentation processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant level analysis of energy efficiency change and technical efficiency measurement of Indian iron and steel manufacturers for evaluating advancements and uncovering further opportunities","authors":"Avijit Nayak ,&nbsp;Niranjan Nayak ,&nbsp;Binod Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>India is on its path to decarbonise the industrial sector for achieving climate change goals. Under National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency India is implementing target-oriented, market-driven scheme since 2012 to cut energy intensity in key industrial sectors. This study examined the energy efficiency changes in forty-three Iron and Steel industries using the decomposed Malmquist Productivity Index and found only 2.9 % improvement in pure technical efficiency between 2009 and 2019. Additionally, if the energy intensity targets are met by 2024–25, further improvement of at least 4.9 % in technical efficiency is anticipated since 2009. Therefore, energy efficiency improvement in the sector found is slow during the decade and the energy intensity of the Iron and Steel industries has remained largely unchanged. The schemes aimed at enhancing energy efficiency have had little to no effect on improving energy efficiency within these industries. Also, the mean technical efficiency of forty-three Iron and Steel industries evaluated as 79.6 %, indicating the potential for a 20 % reduction in energy intensity. Now, under Indian Carbon Market the framework has been set for industries to migrate to Carbon Credit Trading Scheme. Therefore, the factors influencing the poor pace of energy efficiency improvements must be addressed under new framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy efficiency and ISO 50001:2018 implementation in seafood processing industries: A comprehensive analysis and strategic framework","authors":"Mary Saniya Stephen,&nbsp;Shibu Arkkakadavil Valsalan","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy is an indispensable resource in the seafood processing industry. This pioneering study explores energy efficiency using Specific energy consumption (SEC) model in Kerala's seafood processing industry, shedding light on its energy dynamics amidst growing calls for conservation and cost optimization. With an average Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) of 159.2 kWh/MT and an energy cost of 965.9 INR/MT, the industry faces notable energy challenges. The study finds a moderate correlation (0.748) between production and energy consumption, and strong correlations between production and energy cost (0.763), and energy consumption and energy cost (0.992), highlighting the direct link between energy use and costs. Regression analysis confirms that SEC significantly influences energy costs, emphasizing the need for efficient energy management. The research advocates for adopting ISO 50001:2018, integrated with the Food-Energy-Water (FEW) Nexus, as a framework for optimizing energy and resource use. A customized action plan for implementing this standard in shrimp processing facilities aims to reduce consumption, cut costs, and enhance sustainability, offering a robust foundation for future energy efficiency initiatives in the sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends of waste tire pyrolysis research: a bibliometric analysis","authors":"Siti Nuramirah Rabbani Muhammad Zaki ,&nbsp;Nurul Fatahah Asyqin Zainal ,&nbsp;Chia Chay Tay","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid accumulation of end-of-life tires, driven by global vehicle use, presents severe environmental challenges. Each year, approximately 3 billion tires are produced globally, with 800 million reaching end-of-life, of which 41% are landfilled without material or energy recovery. Pyrolysis has emerged as a sustainable solution, converting waste tires into valuable by-products, including pyrolysis oil, gas, and recovered carbon black (rCB). This bibliometric review analyzes 1,431 publications (2000–2024) sourced from Scopus to map research trends, advancements, and gaps in tire pyrolysis. Three primary research hotspots are identified: (1) co-pyrolysis, emphasizing feedstock optimization and microwave-assisted methods to enhance efficiency and product quality, (2) pyrolysis oil, addressing challenges in upgrading for industrial use, and (3) recovered carbon black (rCB), focusing on advanced demineralization and activation techniques to improve its properties. Key challenges identified include feedstock variability, catalytic system optimization, and process scalability. This review provides insights and a strategic framework for advancing tire pyrolysis, fostering sustainable practices, and driving innovation across energy, materials, and environmental applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}