Cleaner Energy Systems最新文献

{"title":"Wind power forecasting with metaheuristic-based feature selection and neural networks","authors":"Mohd Herwan Sulaiman ,&nbsp;Zuriani Mustaffa ,&nbsp;Mohd Mawardi Saari ,&nbsp;Mohammad Fadhil Abas","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate forecasting of wind power generation is crucial for ensuring a stable and efficient energy supply, reducing the environmental impact of energy production, and promoting a cleaner and more sustainable energy supply. Inaccurate forecasts can lead to a mismatch between wind power generation and energy demand, resulting in wasted energy, increased emissions, and reduced grid stability. Therefore, improving the accuracy of wind power generation forecasting is essential for optimizing energy storage and grid management, reducing the reliance on fossil fuels, decreasing greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting a more sustainable energy future. This study proposes an innovative approach to enhance wind power generation forecasting accuracy by leveraging the strengths of metaheuristic algorithms for feature selection and integrating them with Neural Networks (NN). Specifically, five distinct algorithms - Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO), and Evolutionary Mating Algorithm (EMA) - are integrated with NN model to identify optimal feature subsets from a comprehensive dataset of 18 diverse features. The results show that the GA consistently outperforms other algorithms in selecting the most influential features, leading to improved precision in wind power predictions. Notably, the GA achieves the best root mean square error (RMSE) of 37.1837 and the best mean absolute error (MAE) of 18.6313, outperforming the other algorithms and demonstrating the importance of feature selection in improving the accuracy of wind power forecasting. This innovative framework advances the field of renewable energy forecasting and provides valuable insights into optimizing feature sets for improved predictions across diverse domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142419858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated rooftop solar PV-based residential advanced energy management system: An economic involvement of energy systems for prosumers","authors":"Abu Shufian ,&nbsp;Shaikh Anowarul Fattah","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing adoption of rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, coupled with the ability to sell surplus energy back to the national grid, presents a promising opportunity for residential energy management. This research introduces an innovative Advanced Energy Management System (AEMS) that integrates rooftop solar PV with energy-efficient appliances, offering a transformative approach to optimizing household energy consumption. By leveraging advanced demand-side management (DSM) techniques, the AEMS enables users to strategically shift energy usage away from peak hours, thereby reducing reliance on grid energy and minimizing costs. Empirical evaluations reveal that the AEMS significantly outperforms conventional energy management systems, achieving cost reductions of 28.59–35.48 %. The user-friendly interface and robust optimization strategies of the proposed model ensure operational efficiency, making it a valuable tool for maximizing energy savings and enhancing grid stability. Focusing on the specific context of Bangladesh, this study provides a comprehensive techno-economic analysis, demonstrating the practical applicability and long-term sustainability of suggested AEMS. The findings underscore the potential of the proposed model to revolutionize residential energy management, positioning it as a key enabler of both economic and environmental benefits for prosumers in emerging markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142419859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational greenhouse gas emissions of various energy carriers for building heating","authors":"Jordi F.P. Cornette,&nbsp;Julien Blondeau","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The decarbonisation of the building heating sector requires a shift from decentralised fossil fuel heating appliances to systems converting energy carriers with low greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, for certain energy carriers, a considerable portion of GHG emissions arises upstream during production, processing and transportation, rather than during energy conversion. Accurately quantifying these indirect GHG emissions typically requires life cycle assessments, which are often resource-intensive and impractical during the early stages of energy system design. This study introduces operational GHG emissions as a pragmatic metric for the preliminary assessment of energy carrier environmental impact in building heating applications. These operational GHG emissions include both direct CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions and indirect CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and N<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O emissions. Based on a comprehensive literature analysis, average estimates are proposed for the operational GHG emissions of various energy carriers within a European context, including natural gas, oil, coal and wood, as well as the average European and Belgian electricity grid, and hydrogen from various production methods. The findings underscore the significant contribution of indirect GHG emissions, as the selection of the energy carrier with the lowest environmental impact hinges on whether direct emissions alone or the broader operational GHG emissions are considered. By integrating operational GHG emissions into the early design stages of energy systems, stakeholders can make more informed decisions about which energy systems warrant further investigation, thereby facilitating more sustainable energy system development from the outset.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of a proposed biomass generator: Harnessing citizen waste with electric vehicle charging infrastructure","authors":"Akib Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Nusrat Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Wahiba Yaïci ,&nbsp;Michela Longo","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global municipal solid waste production is rising, causing significant environmental, health, and economic issues. Developed countries have advanced recycling technologies, but cities like Dhaka, Bangladesh—among the most densely populated-struggle with inadequate waste management. This feasibility study aims to improve environmental protection and create new energy sources by proposing a waste management system across Dhaka, focusing on waste valorization for bioenergy with optimized efficiency and minimal impact. The study includes design and optimization of a biomass-based power plant to meet the energy needs of EV charging stations and the national grid, evaluating its economic performance through discounted cash flow and payback period analyses. The paper explores the integration of an EV charging station powered by biogas, addressing the growing need for EV infrastructure in Dhaka. By evaluating biomass generators as a greener alternative to fossil fuels, the study analyzes the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility, including CO2 emissions, using HOMER Pro.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783124000402/pdfft?md5=6819804d63e35d8d77776259364e361f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772783124000402-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of trapezoidal ribs on the performance of solar air collector: A numerical solution with optimized rib dimensions for better performance","authors":"Mosuru Hari Krishna ,&nbsp;Shekher Sheelam ,&nbsp;Chandramohan V․P․","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, a 2D numerical analysis of the solar air collector (SAC) of an indirect solar dryer having trapezoidal corrugations on the absorber plate was performed. Corrugation pitch, <em>p</em> (twelve values ranged from 20 to 160 mm) and height, <em>e</em> (six values ranged from 1 to 10 mm) were varied and analyzed for six values of Reynolds numbers (<em>Re</em>). The output characteristics such as Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>), friction factor (<em>f</em>) and thermo-hydraulic performance index (<em>T_hp</em>) were calculated for different <em>p, e</em> and <em>Re</em>. The total work was categorized into two parts (part-I for optimizing <em>p</em> and part-II for optimizing <em>e</em>). 18 domains (twelve for part-I and six for part-II simulations) were generated and 108 simulations were executed to find the optimum dimensions (<em>p, e</em> and corrugation angle, <em>α</em>) of the corrugation. ANSYS Fluent-v15 was used to solve the problem. The maximum <em>Nu</em> for the corrugated sheet was 2.663 times greater than the flat absorber plate. The maximum <em>T_hp</em> range was from 1.435 to 1.699 and obtained at the optimal values of <em>p</em> = 140 mm, <em>e</em> = 4 mm and <em>α</em> = 38.66° The numerical results were compared with the existing literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783124000414/pdfft?md5=d8114a55d794a758b0c3ac4ac4b1f596&pid=1-s2.0-S2772783124000414-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects and challenges of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries–A review","authors":"Md․ Helal Hossain ,&nbsp;Md․ Aminul Islam ,&nbsp;Mohammad Assaduzzaman Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Nayem Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review provides a comprehensive examination of the current state and future prospects of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which are critical for the ongoing advancement of energy storage technologies. The paper discusses the fundamental principles governing the operation of LIBs, with a focus on the electrochemical performance of various anode materials, including graphite, silicon, tin, and transition metal oxides. Each material's theoretical capacity, cycle life, and structural stability are analyzed, highlighting the intrinsic challenges such as volumetric expansion, formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), and degradation mechanisms that limit their practical application. The review also explores novel materials and composite approaches aimed at overcoming these limitations, such as the incorporation of nanostructured materials, doping strategies, and the development of hybrid anode systems. The integration of advanced characterization techniques and computational modeling is emphasized as crucial for understanding the complex interactions at the nanoscale and for guiding the design of next-generation anodes with enhanced performance metrics. Despite significant progress, the paper identifies several key challenges that remain, including the need for improved safety, higher energy density, and cost-effective manufacturing processes. The discussion extends to emerging trends and potential future directions in the field, such as the exploration of non-lithium-based systems and the development of solid-state batteries. The review concludes by addressing the critical need for continued interdisciplinary research efforts to drive innovation and achieve the commercialization of high-performance anode materials for LIBs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783124000396/pdfft?md5=988ecc960043e3d50df89152fab4ab43&pid=1-s2.0-S2772783124000396-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of prediction errors on CO2 emissions in residential smart energy management systems with hybrid thermal-electric storage","authors":"Aleksandr Zaitcev ,&nbsp;Alexander Alexandrovich Shukhobodskiy ,&nbsp;Tatiana Pogarskaia ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Colantuono","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modern residential smart energy management systems allow for more efficient use of renewable energy through the application of various data-driven control strategies. Such strategies typically rely on predicting renewable power generation, domestic power demand, energy price and grid CO2 index. While the generation of such forecasts is well-researched, the impact of the associated prediction errors remains understudied.</p><p>This manuscript presents a generalised study of the effect of forecast errors on smart energy system performance. Results are obtained using multiple control optimisation techniques and real life data from residential dwellings spanning over multiple seasons.</p><p>Our analysis reveals that ideal forecasts can achieve up to 71.3% CO2 emissions savings compared to a baseline house without a smart energy system. The most significant performance decrease was caused by time lags in all three forecasts (grid CO2 index, solar power generation, and power demand). Among these, the CO2 index forecast was the most sensitive to errors, with an average performance deterioration of approximately 5% per 30 min of time lag. In contrast, errors in solar power generation and power demand forecasts had less impact, causing performance decreases of 18% and 21%, respectively, for extreme changes in forecast profile scale. This research identifies critical points in smart energy system design and offers insights to prioritise improvements in forecast models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783124000323/pdfft?md5=10dd73766e68ab2d46b17caff6449113&pid=1-s2.0-S2772783124000323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating energy retrofit strategies in enhancing operational performance of mosques: A case study of Al-Imam Al-Hussein Mosque","authors":"Mohamed Marzouk ,&nbsp;Maryam El-Maraghy ,&nbsp;Ahmed El-Shihy ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Metawie","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mosques are unique in terms of architectural design and operational efficiency. Architectural Design, building envelope characteristics, intermittent operating schedules, and occupancy patterns all impact the performance. Managing these factors poses challenges regarding reducing energy consumption and simultaneously achieving the occupants' thermal and visual comfort, especially in hot, arid climatic conditions. Also, the potential benefits of daylighting in reducing energy consumption in mosque buildings need to be addressed. Accordingly, this study evaluates the impact of various retrofit strategies on the operational performance of Al-Imam Al-Hussein Mosque, one of the large historic mosques in Cairo, considering the energy performance, thermal comfort, and daylighting performance. The current performance of the mosque has been analyzed using energy simulation software to determine the areas that affect its performance. Hence, five retrofitting strategies have been studied to assess their impact on improving the performance of the mosque. When changes are applied to the building envelope only by changing the glazing type, the visual discomfort is improved while sufficient daylighting is maintained inside the prayer area. By adding a cooling system and applying changes to the building envelope, thermal comfort was improved, and the visual discomfort decreased. However, this has led to an increase in energy consumption. Combining different strategies (as in strategy 5) by changing the glazing type, changing the operation scheme, adding LED lamps with dimmers, and adding a cooling system has improved the defined performance metrics. It has achieved a 23% decrease in the annual energy consumption, decreasing the visual discomfort by 30% while maintaining sufficient daylighting conditions inside the space, and enhancing occupants’ thermal comfort by 65%. The proposed approach aids in evaluating the retrofit strategies of mosque buildings, considering different criteria, including daylighting performance, to be energy efficient, sustainable, and maintain occupants’ visual and thermal comfort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783124000384/pdfft?md5=030940ab161a1ecd141aa1a703385593&pid=1-s2.0-S2772783124000384-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142150796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A state-of-the-art review on machine learning based municipal waste to energy system","authors":"Dale Mark N. Bristol ,&nbsp;Ivan Henderson V. Gue ,&nbsp;Aristotle T. Ubando","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Municipal waste refers to a pool of different byproducts generated from domestic activities both in rural and urban areas. It is critical to consider strategies to effectively manage and treat municipal waste by establishing a waste-to-energy (WTE) system. However, waste-to-energy industries are facing several obstacles, including disruptive technologies, stringent government regulations, and some underdeveloped technological aspects. That is why, the researchers conducted a state-of-the-art review that aims to explore how machine learning models in WTE contribute to the achievement of sustainable development goals; second to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of machine learning techniques, and lastly to point out and evaluate the capabilities and flaws in the entire process and operation of WTE system through the use of machine learning, which would serve as a benchmark for a sound decision and policy-making as well as the basis to look into the areas for improvement. Results showed that within WTE systems, machine learning has greatly aided in the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs) by streamlining operations, increasing productivity, lessening environmental impact, and improving decision-making. Moreover, machine learning highlighted to foucus on solutions related to corrosion and deterioration occurring in the waste incinerator, chemical pollution in mechanical pre-treatment, and maintaining only an optimal emission in the WTE facility based on the prediction accuracies of 80% and 94% respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783124000372/pdfft?md5=d6af1ddd50269046b60caf5246ff6d4f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772783124000372-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and design to catalyze sustainable energy in Morocco’s Eastern Sahara: A hybrid energy system of PV/Wind/PHS for rural electrification","authors":"Norddine Oubouch,&nbsp;Abdelbari Redouane,&nbsp;Anouar Makhoukh,&nbsp;Abdennebi El Hasnaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper conducts a comprehensive assessment of the potential of water, solar, and wind resources for sustainable energy generation. The study is situated in a Moroccan region within eastern Saharan Africa. It presents a detailed comparative analysis between a photovoltaic system (PV) integrated with a pumped hydro storage (PHS), a wind turbine, and a conventional grid, considering both energy production and economic analysis using HOMER software. Moreover, the paper provides an initial social impact assessment of hybrid energy systems integrating locally available water resources, especially during the winter season, alongside photovoltaic and wind technologies. This evaluation delves into aspects of rural electrification and community development. The findings underscore the potential of sustainable energy solutions to drive economic and social progress in the studied area by harnessing the region’s water resources. We proposed this technology because the owners of the area do not greatly benefit from the seasonal groundwater that passes through the valley, despite the presence of a dam. Accordingly, we will exploit this water to generate energy and achieve energy self-sufficiency. By harnessing this underutilized resource, we aim to provide sustainable energy solutions and drive economic and social progress in the region. The results given by HOMER identify the most cost-effective system capable of serving the load at the lowest cost of energy (COE) of about $0.03831 and net present cost (NPC) of about $262,596 under the modeled conditions, and the most satisfactory system chosen by the HOMER optimizer is a PV/Wind/PHS-based hybrid energy system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783124000359/pdfft?md5=548cf620c1194c0562deca54a3257740&pid=1-s2.0-S2772783124000359-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}