Cleaner Energy Systems最新文献

{"title":"Techno-economic performance of air source heat pump and thermal energy storage considering peak-valley time-of-use electricity prices","authors":"Tailu Li,&nbsp;Shuo Li,&nbsp;Xiaolong Liang,&nbsp;Jiapeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous transformation of energy structure, air source heat pump (ASHP) has gained extensive applications in building energy efficiency fields due to their merits of high efficiency, energy-saving performance and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, practical applications of conventional ASHP system are constrained by high capital investment costs, and integrated energy storage technology can effectively tackle this issue. By exploiting peak-valley electricity pricing and integrating off-peak thermal energy storage, peak load shifting is achieved, which maximally reduces building operational energy consumption and costs, and simultaneously mitigates carbon emissions. Taking a typical office building located in Tianjin as the research case, this study establishes the models of the air-source heat pump coupled energy storage system and the conventional ASHP system. A comprehensive comparative analysis is conducted from the perspectives of thermodynamic performance, economic efficiency and environmental benefits. The results reveal that in contrast to conventional ASHP system, the designed system can decrease initial investment by 29.7% and annual operating expenses by 65.8%, and realize annual carbon emission mitigation of 18.83 tons. It maintains heating coefficient of performance (COP) and cooling energy efficiency ratio (EER) above 3.0, with average COP and EER at 4.54 and 3.04 respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148853963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing energy policy decision challenges in Türkiye’s built environment industry through fuzzy AHP framework","authors":"Sinan Güneş,&nbsp;Deniz Besiktepe,&nbsp;Gülnaz Şengül Güneş,&nbsp;Yeşim Tanrıvermiş","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of climate change mitigation, the transition to low-carbon energy systems positions the built environment as a strategic sector for improving energy efficiency, reducing emissions, and advancing sustainable development. However, this transition extends beyond technological advancement and is shaped by interconnected social, economic, environmental, institutional, and technical challenges. This study aims to systematically identify and prioritize the key barriers constraining Türkiye’s low-carbon energy transition in the built environment. Using a multidimensional framework, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) is applied to evaluate five main categories and 17 sub-criteria, explicitly accounting for uncertainty and linguistic ambiguity in expert judgments through fuzzy logic. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the robustness of the prioritization outcomes under alternative weighting scenarios. The results indicate that social (35.37%) and economic (32.58%) challenges represent the most critical constraints, jointly accounting for nearly two-thirds of the overall barrier structure. Incentives and investment risk, public acceptance and engagement, and land acquisition emerge as the top three sub-criteria, with lack of technical standards ranking fourth. Sensitivity analysis confirms the stability of these rankings across different scenarios. These findings underscore the need for integrated policy responses that strengthen social legitimacy, reduce financial risk, and enhance regulatory and technical readiness. Beyond the national context, the proposed framework offers a transferable reference for other developing economies navigating similar low-carbon transition pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renewable energy adoption in european small and medium-sized enterprises: A comparative sectoral analysis","authors":"Mercedes Rodríguez,&nbsp;José A. Camacho","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores sectoral differences in renewable energy adoption among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the European Union, with a particular focus on the understudied service sector, which has received considerably less attention than industrial and manufacturing activities. Drawing on data from the Flash Eurobarometer 498 on SMEs, Resource Efficiency, and Green Markets, the analysis examines how internal resources, especially financial capacity, and external support—such as public funding and advisory services—shapes renewable energy decisions. The findings reveal that industrial (48.7 %) and manufacturing (48.1 %) SMEs are significantly more likely to plan renewable energy adoption in the near future compared to service-sector SMEs (41.1 %). Internal financial resources emerge as a key driver across all sectors, while the effectiveness of external support varies. In particular, public funding is notably underutilized in the service sector, despite its strategic potential. These sectoral disparities reflect deeper differences in energy consumption patterns, investment priorities, and the perceived returns from renewable energy. The study highlights the need for tailored, sector-specific policy interventions to remove adoption barriers in the service sector and improve the alignment of financial and advisory mechanisms. By identifying the distinct challenges and enablers across sectors, this research contributes to the design of more effective renewable energy policies for SMEs, supporting a more inclusive and sustainable energy transition in line with broader Sustainable Development Goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical success factors for large-scale solar projects: Insights for Saudi Arabia’s energy transition","authors":"Sikandar Abdul Qadir ,&nbsp;Amjad Ali ,&nbsp;Md Tasbirul Islam ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahid ,&nbsp;Shoaib Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy policies formulated after the Paris agreement place decarbonisation at the core of the energy system. The use of renewable energy resources has become imperative to combat the climate change. The global share of renewable electric capacity grew by 22% in 2024, dominated by solar capacity additions. Solar energy technologies are classified on various factors such as scale, application, technology, and installation. The most economical option is large-scale solar PV (LSPV). This work investigates the role of policies in ensuring LSPV projects’ success. A structured methodology is applied to determine the critical success factors for LSPV projects. Based on the empirical evidence and case studies across selected regions, the paper integrates policies supporting the commercial viability of these projects. It also discusses challenges, opportunities, and proposes recommendations for policymakers, investors, and stakeholders to maximise the potential of LSPV projects. Additionally, the paper presents the case of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, highlighting its LSPV potential and key insights from the analysis. A framework is proposed, incorporating successful design considerations from analysed cases to facilitate investment and improve project outcomes of LSPV projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sizing renewable energy microgrids for supercomputing centers using particle swarm optimization","authors":"Lester Acevedo-Montoya ,&nbsp;Carlos J. Vega-Gómez ,&nbsp;Alberto Coronado-Mendoza ,&nbsp;César A. García-García","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-performance computing (HPC) centers face growing challenges in managing energy consumption, operational costs, and environmental impact due to their continuous, high-density loads. This study presents a data-driven optimization framework for sizing hybrid renewable energy microgrids tailored to the specific demands of HPC facilities. Using one-minute resolution data collected over a full year from the Data Analysis and Supercomputing Center (CADS) at the Universidad de Guadalajara, we applied Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to determine the optimal number of photovoltaic (PV) panels and wind turbines.</div><div>The optimization simultaneously minimizes total system cost, energy deficit, and operational penalties under strict reliability constraints. Results show that a PV-only system comprising 960 panels (no wind turbines) yields the optimal configuration, covering 75% of the annual energy demand. The solution achieves a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of 1.42 MXN/kWh and a payback period of 7.8 years. Due to low average wind speeds (2.1 m/s), wind turbines were excluded. A comparative validation using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) confirmed the robustness of the PSO solution, with a cost deviation below 1.3%.</div><div>This study highlights the importance of high-resolution real-world data and site-specific modeling in optimizing microgrids for mission-critical environments. The proposed framework is generalizable and supports informed decision-making for renewable integration in data-intensive infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonstationary multivariate structural damage risk evaluation method for green energy harvesters","authors":"Oleg Gaidai ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Shicheng He ,&nbsp;Qianlong Ma ,&nbsp;Salwa Noureldine","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thorough experimental research is necessary for the development of green Energy Harvesters (EH), in addition to appropriate safety and reliability studies. The dynamic behavior of a particular galloping EH was studied through a number of wind tunnel experiments, carried out at various realistic wind speeds. Utilizing recently developed multivariate statistical approach, an excessive multivariate dynamic response of an experimental galloping EH was investigated. Majority of existing piezoelectric wind EHs, utilize a cantilever beam support structure. The effective mass, damping coefficient, and cantilever beam stiffness were determined by free vibration tests. Stationary aerodynamic loads were generated through wind tunnel experiments. This case study benchmarks recently developed design concept for the structural reliability analysis of multi-dimensional, nonstationary nonlinear dynamic systems.</div><div>Presented case study demonstrates efficiency of combining recently developed multivariate Gaidai reliability method with an accurate deconvolution extrapolation scheme, allowing for accurate estimations of the likelihood of structural damage and dynamic system’s failure. The latter is a distinct practical benefit of the proposed multivariate methodology, since existing structural reliability methodologies often struggle to cope with dynamic system's high dimensionality, along with nonlinear cross-correlations across system parts/dimensions. The aim of this investigation was to establish a baseline for the proposed multivariate structural reliability concept, facilitating the effective retrieval of pertinent statistical information from the underlying measured dataset. System performance or limit state function depends on multiple random variables (e.g., load, resistance, environmental factors).</div><div><em>Engineering relevance</em>: assessing the reliability of high-dimensional structures where failure probabilities <span><math><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>F</mi></msub></math></span> are quite low (e.g., less than <span><math><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>). Presented study benchmarked novel multivariate structural reliability concept that is more conservative than existing univariate or bivariate reliability schemes. Proposed deconvolution extrapolation scheme enabled assessment of design valued with <span><math><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>F</mi></msub></math></span> four decimal orders of magnitude lower that actually measured data permits, thus enabling device design with over one year service lifetime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of a hybrid power network using a multi-criteria approach (AHP-TOPSIS)","authors":"Aristide Tolok Nelem ,&nbsp;Yannick Antoine Abanda ,&nbsp;Diane Tchuani Tchakonté ,&nbsp;Mimosette Makem ,&nbsp;Mathieu Jean Pierre Pesdjock ,&nbsp;Pierre Ele ,&nbsp;Ndjakomo E. Salomé","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cameroon has abundant but underutilized energy resources, with low electricity access and significant urban–rural disparities. Communities increasingly adopt hybrid systems combining conventional and renewable sources, yet intermittency affects load profiles and performance. We propose a LabVIEW-based AHP–TOPSIS framework within a predict–optimize–decide pipeline, where short-term forecasts inform evaluated alternatives for realistic rankings. The criteria—C1 (availability), C2 (demand satisfaction), C3 (CO₂ intensity), and C4 (levelized operating cost)—are weighted via normalized AHP. A local case study (PV, grid, diesel, batteries) with sensitivity analyses (OAT ±5–20 %, Dirichlet sampling) and robustness tests (demand surge, diesel stress, solar variability) shows grid preference under stress, while PV with storage is optimal under favorable irradiance. The lightweight, SCADA-deployable framework enables transparent, indicator-driven switching, enhancing reliability and cost-effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards energy requirement reduction for high-strength concrete using brick powder and tyre rubber: A pragmatic runway of sustainability","authors":"David Sinkhonde,&nbsp;Tajebe Bezabih,&nbsp;Derrick Mirindi,&nbsp;Ismael Dabakuyo,&nbsp;Oluwapelumi Abiodun","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy requirement reduction in concrete using waste materials, viewed as a strategy for sustainable construction, requires evaluation among many concrete grades. Waste materials such as waste brick powder (WBP) and waste tyre rubber (WTR) have been receiving an increasing interest due to their abilities to satisfy both sustainability and performance requirements simultaneously. However, the specific impact of these materials on energy demand across different concrete strength classes remains underexplored. This study evaluates the energy requirement reductions of classes 50, 55 and 60 concrete mixes containing WBP and WTR. Response surface methodology was also employed to understand the relationships between input variables (WBP and WTR) and desired outcome (energy requirement). The results highlight that using WTR and WBP in concrete significantly reduces the energy requirements of high-strength concrete mixes. Remarkably, the inclusion of 5% WBP causes higher energy requirement reductions (&gt;4.5% reductions) in contrast with 20% WTR (&lt;0.82% reductions). The response surface methodology results show that WBP inclusion in concrete is more sensitive to energy requirement compared with WTR. However, their combined influence on energy requirements depends on their contents and their basic unit values among the various concrete classes. Moreover, the current results strongly suggest that smaller replacement levels of WTR and WBP are key factors towards sustainable construction and considerable concrete performance even though the research does not include detailed experimental works on concrete properties. This research provides new insights into developing non-conventional concrete mixes using WTR and WBP for sustainable construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A conceptual framework for sustainable energy management modelling in hubs for circularity","authors":"Tobias Løvebakke Nielsen,&nbsp;Daniela Guericke,&nbsp;Alessio Trivella,&nbsp;Devrim Murat Yazan","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concept Hubs for Circularity (H4C) represents integrated systems that combine efficient use of clean energy and circular economy to enhance resource efficiency within a region. H4C benefit from the geographical proximity of different industries within industrial zones and the surrounding urban and rural areas, allowing them to share resources, technology, and infrastructure. They reduce the use of virgin resources through Industrial Symbiosis (IS), where one company uses waste of another company as resource. Energy management is crucial in H4C, as these systems often integrate renewable energy sources, involve energy-intensive industries, include numerous energy consumers, and may rely on energy-based industrial symbiosis exchanges.</div><div>This study presents a conceptual modelling framework for energy management in H4C, developed through a systematic literature review of related systems including energy-based IS. The framework provides a guideline for researchers and practitioners on which modelling aspects to consider when optimising the energy flows within a hub. We argue that effective energy management in H4C requires combining conventional modelling aspects, such as objective functions, uncertainty, operational flexibility, and market participation, with IS-specific factors like the type of symbiosis, the degree of information sharing, and collaboration structures. Lastly, temporal and spatial granularity should also be considered. In H4C with extensive IS, decentralised resource and energy exchanges often lead to similarly decentralised information flows and decision-making. Yet, our review shows a persistent reliance on centralised model structures, suggesting a path dependency rooted in traditional energy optimisation approaches. This highlights the need for models that better align with the distributed and collaborative nature of H4C systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk, flexibility, and investment in Fischer–Tropsch fuels: Insights from real options analysis","authors":"Mahsa Mehrara ,&nbsp;Jonas Zetterholm ,&nbsp;Andrea Toffolo ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Wetterlund","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2026.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition to sustainable transportation fuels requires investment in emerging biomass-to-liquid production pathways under uncertain market and policy conditions. This study applies a real options analysis framework to evaluate the economic viability and timing of investments in biomass- and power-to-liquid pathways by identifying conditions where an investor should invest, defer, or abandon investments. The analysis is conducted for Sweden, reflected by its large biomass base and well-developed forest industry and ambitious defossilization policies. Results indicate that large price gaps between feedstock and produced fuels are not by themselves sufficient to trigger investment; in volatile markets, investors may still defer because the option to wait has economic value. Thus, even at identical price levels across scenarios, outcomes range from commitment to inaction depending on volatility. Moreover, when investments do occur, they are consistently deferred until the final year of the investment window. While modest subsidies may suffice under stable price conditions, volatile markets with high drifts require significantly greater support to counteract the incentive to defer investments. Electricity cost structures and carbon pricing must be targeted to support the transition toward electrified fuel production pathways. The insights from this study can inform the design of policy instruments that align investor incentives with global transition goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}