Cleaner Energy Systems最新文献

{"title":"Cleaner energy solutions using wind energy and hydrogen production in agriculture","authors":"Mohammed Daoudi","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the integration of wind energy into greenhouse agriculture in the Safi region, a major agricultural area in Morocco. As part of cleaner energy systems, five wind turbines were analyzed to determine their performance. After performing a statistical analysis using the Weibull distribution with two parameters, the results showed that the VESTAS V82–0.9/1.65MW – 70 m turbine was the most efficient. It achieved a capacity factor of 41.72 %, an annual energy production of 3 326.17 MWh, and the ability to supply electricity to 6 960 m² of agricultural greenhouses. Environmental benefits include a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. Economically, the results vary, with a payback period of &lt;5 years for the VESTAS turbine but a longer period of 10.49 years for the Norwin – 30 m turbine. To address fluctuations in wind energy caused by daily wind speed variations, this innovative study explores combining wind power with hydrogen production. The results indicate that the Safi region has the potential to produce between 25 188.76 kg and 44 875.25 kg of hydrogen annually, depending on the turbine used. Additionally, this approach could reduce annual <em>CO₂</em> emissions by up to 2 606 609 kg. These findings highlight a promising innovation in cleaner energy systems to enhance agricultural sustainability through renewable energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exergoeconomic assessment and parametric study of combined recompression supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton – Organic Rankine cycle with integrated LiBr/H2O absorption refrigeration cycle and thermoelectric generator modules","authors":"Dodeye Ina Igbong ,&nbsp;Awafung Emmanuel Adie ,&nbsp;Archibong Archibong-Eso","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of innovative systems as an effective waste-heat recovery strategy for the utilization of low-temperature heat sources is receiving increased attention as an alternative sustainable approach towards reducing fossil fuel combustion and emission pollution. Heat sink devices are identified as the primary sources of waste-heat, hence, the effective utilization of the waste-heat through systems integration are exploited. In this study, exergetic and exergoeconomic based parametric analysis is performed on combined recompression supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton - organic Rankine cycle with integrated LiBr/H₂O absorption refrigeration cycle and thermoelectric generator units. The proposed system aims to maximize low-grade waste heat conversion to electricity through sustainable system integration. Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis was performed for both the base- and enhanced-systems, and parametric investigation carried out to predict the effect of temperature, pressure and mass flow rate variation on system's performance parameters. Results obtained indicate that the enhanced-system has a net power output of +48.58 % higher than the base-system, with 1.3 %, 11.9 %, and 14.7 % contributed by the thermoelectric generators (TEGI, TEGII, and TEGIII, respectively). Similarly, the enhanced-system reveals +22.55 % and +28.19 % better first- and second-law efficiencies than the base-system. The heat exchanger, absorption refrigeration cycle generator and solution heat exchanger are the major components with the highest value of exergy destruction with 15.23 %, 12.99 %, and 11.97 % contribution to the total exergy destroyed in the system. Therefore, the same components are considered priority for system improvement efforts as suggested by the values of improvement potential, fuel depletion ratio, Irreversibility and <span><math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>Z</mi><mi>˙</mi></mover><mi>k</mi></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mover><mi>C</mi><mi>˙</mi></mover><mi>D</mi></msub></mrow></math></span><strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energetic, economic environmental analysis for photovoltaic grid-connected systems under different climate conditions in Iraq","authors":"Omar Rafae Alomar ,&nbsp;Noor Moneer Basher ,&nbsp;Omar Mohammed Ali ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Salih ,&nbsp;Nabeel M. Abdulrazzaq ,&nbsp;Sarkaft M. Samad","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study numerically involves the feasibility analysis of environment, economic and energy of 1MWp photovoltaic (PV) system under Iraq climatic condition. The photovoltaic model is based on the monocrystal silicon solar panels with suitable inverters and other accessories. Real metrological data from NREL measurements for 21 different sites in Iraq are used to determine the best site for installing photovoltaic power plant. A sensitivity model is also developed to investigate the climate conditions e.g., Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI), ambient temperature, altitude, absolute air mass on the capacity factors, yield factors and cost of energy for different 21 sites. Results indicated that photovoltaic power plant can be installed in different locations in Iraq due to their 3-E performances although there are some variations in these performances due to the variation in the geographical nature and metrological data. The 3-E performances outcomes indicated that the avoided of CO₂ emission ranged between 2.17tCO2/ kWp and 2.55tCO2/ kWp, the levelized cost of energy ranged between 0.093USD and 0.079USD and the yield energy ranged between 1514kWh/kWp and 1745kWh/kWp, respectively. The findings display that the optimum performances are achieved in Al-Rutba city and the minimum performances are recorded in Erbil city. The other monthly energy performance ensure the yearly performance. There are similarities in the technical, economic and environment performance for some cities due to the similarities in the climatic conditions. The outcomes display that there is a direct relationship between global horizontal irradiance and technical and economic results. Other climate conditions have an effect on the results but these effects are low as compared to global horizontal irradiance. The rising in degradation rate, inflation rate and PV module price leads to rise in energy cost of plant, while the increase in the power of plant has no effect on energy cost. The conclusions display that all locations are workable for installing PV system, but Al-Rutba city is the best between them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-effect distillation with novel liquid vapor ejector utilizing the waste heat from intercoolers of a single mixed refrigerant cycle for natural gas liquefaction","authors":"Md Maruf Ahmed,&nbsp;Salim Sadman Bishal,&nbsp;M Monjurul Ehsan,&nbsp;Yasin Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing and reusing waste heat is crucial to increasing the economic benefits and energy efficiency of industrial processes. Furthermore, combating climate change relies heavily on recovering heat that would otherwise be squandered. With a growing population comes a greater need for clean drinking water. Single mixed refrigerant (SMR) cycle, one of the most practical refrigerating technologies for natural gas liquefaction, rejects a great deal of heat energy in the intercoolers between multistage compression that may be used as the primary heat source for a low-temperature multi-effect desalination plant. This research suggests combining a natural gas liquefaction system with a Liquid Vapor Ejector (LVE) and a Single Mixed Refrigerant (SMR) system, all of which use multi-effect distillation with thermal vapor compression (MED-TVC). The design code SMR-MED integrated system is developed using an in-house robust algorithm in Python. In this setting, the fact that the MED-TVC system can use waste heat from a single mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction facility highlights its flexibility. An energy and exergy analysis are performed to determine the feasibility of the proposed system. The design code has been validated against the existing literature. The parametric analysis has been done by changing three independent parameters: namely, refrigerant mass flow rate (10 kg/s to 30 kg/s), water mass flow rate at the intercooler (10kg/s to 40kg/s), and water inlet temperature at the intercooler (17 °C to 35 °C), as, these parameters affects both the LNG production SMR cycle as well as Distillate and Brine production in the MED-TVC system. The results suggest that increasing refrigerant flow increases the cooling effect by 299.68 %, thus producing 289.90 % more LNG; however, exponentially declines distillate by 74.22 %, thus limiting maximum refrigerant flow. Increasing the water mass flow rate improves the distillate production and Gained output ratio (GOR) by 676.07 % and 676.92 %, respectively; conversely, it reduces brine production by 72.97 %. In contrast, increasing water inlet temperature reduces distillate generation and overall system performance. The study results can be used to improve existing system performance and design more sustainable waste heat recovery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A two-level approach for multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling and energy procurement","authors":"Sascha Christian Burmeister ,&nbsp;Daniela Guericke ,&nbsp;Guido Schryen","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic energy tariffs in combination with energy storage systems (ESS) and renewable energy sources (RES) offer manufacturers new opportunities to optimize their energy consumption. Flexible production planning empowers decision-makers not only to minimize makespan, but also to reduce energy costs and emissions. However, flexible production planning is a major challenge due to the fact that scheduling decisions affect energy demand, whose costs and emissions depend on energy procurement decisions. In Operations Research, the Green Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP) addresses production planning decisions incorporating resource, environmental, and economic objectives. The Energy Procurement Problem (EPP) aims to efficiently acquire energy resources. In the literature, existing approaches for energy-aware scheduling neglect to procure energy from sources such as an uncertain dynamic energy market, RES, and ESS. We aim to close this research gap and propose a two-level approach based on a memetic Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-III) and linear programming with the goal of minimizing the makespan, energy costs, and emissions of a schedule, incorporating dynamic energy prices and emissions, RES, and ESS. We evaluate the approach in computational experiments using FJSP benchmark instances from the literature as part of a rolling horizon approach with real energy market data. We investigate the impact of RES and ESS by presenting estimated Pareto fronts, showing potential savings in energy cost and carbon emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost determination of water production in a nanofiltration desalination plant powered by a hybrid renewable energy system. Case study of Cobquecura, Chile","authors":"J. Gutierrez ,&nbsp;G. Merino ,&nbsp;D. Lara ,&nbsp;R. Borquez ,&nbsp;N. Romero","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores a sustainable solution to address water scarcity in rural coastal areas. Using field data and simulations, the production cost of water was determined for a small-scale desalination plant designed and built by the University of Concepción. The plant employs nanofiltration technology and is powered by a hybrid system that includes solar panels, batteries, and a backup diesel generator, reducing reliance on non-renewable resources. This plant has been operational in the Cobquecura area of the Ñuble Region, Chile, since 2022. The methodology involved identifying an optimal operating profile, validated via simulations with Homer-Pro software, and calculating both the potable and irrigation water production and the average production cost of water. The results indicate an average water production cost of USD 3.19/m³, with 56 % of the cost attributed to the initial investment, 26 % to operational expenses, and 18 % to planned component replacements. This cost is significantly lower than the estimated cost of water delivered by tanker trucks, which can reach up to USD 24/m³ in the region. Additionally, tanker trucks are limited to operating under favorable weather conditions due to challenges posed by rural road infrastructure. This analysis highlights the technical and economic viability of integrating advanced desalination technologies with renewable energies, demonstrating their potential to address one of the most pressing environmental challenges in ensuring a reliable water supply for communities in remote areas. These findings offer a sustainable and innovative pathway to improve water scarcity and confirm the cost-effective application of renewable-energy-powered desalination solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioethanol production from fruit wastes juice using millet and sorghum as additional fermentable sugar","authors":"Shedrack Thomas Mgeni ,&nbsp;Lewis Atugonza Mtashobya ,&nbsp;Jovine Kamuhabwa Emmanuel","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing global energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel burning pose a significant issue in the modern era. Alternative energy sources are now necessary due to depletion of fuels derived from petroleum sources and their associated environmental impact. Fruit wastes can be utilized to make bioethanol which have the potential to decrease pollution and carbon dioxide emissions. In this study, bioethanol from a mixture of fruit wastes was produced through fermentation and distillation process. The physical pre-treatment of fruit wastes produced a juice with an average total soluble solids content of 9.7 ± 0.06 °Brix. Fruit wastes juice was enriched with sorghum and millet flour to provide additional fermentable sugars. Fruit wastes juice mixture with millet and sorghum produced an alcohol content of 25 % for the first 100 mL aliquot while fruit wastes juice mixture without millet and sorghum yielded 22 %. This confirms the potential of millet and sorghum as an additional fermentable sugar in the production of bioethanol. <em>Re</em>-distillation of the first aliquots improved the quality of bioethanol to 91 % alcohol content. Bioethanol production from fruit wastes offers significant environmental advantages including reduced landfill waste and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases due to decomposition. This process enhances resource efficiency by converting low-value agricultural residues into biofuel thus, supporting circular economy. Bioethanol is a renewable energy source that reduces carbon emissions and non-renewable resource reliance, thereby promoting sustainable energy practices. The use of fruit wastes mixture rich in natural sugars, supplemented with millet and sorghum as additional fermentable sugars, has improved bioethanol yield. Additionally, the application of a range of technologies from pre-treatment, fermentation to distillation that avoid use of corrosive chemicals has contributed to improved environmental management practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143288087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of an Agro-photovoltaic system to find shade tolerant crops perspective to Bangladesh","authors":"Raihan Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Abu Shufian ,&nbsp;Saima Nusrat ,&nbsp;Nur Mohammad","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agro-photovoltaic (APV) technology addresses the challenges of land-use competition by enabling simultaneous solar power generation and food production, thus mitigating potential economic, ecological, political, and social conflicts in Bangladesh's future energy landscape. This study investigates the growth and yield of shade-tolerant crops, including tomato, brinjal, green chili, lettuce, aloe vera, under shaded and non-shaded conditions. Key plant growth parameters such as height, number of leaves, flowers, fruits, and fruit weight are measured to evaluate crop performance in the APV system. The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) is utilized to compare the efficiency of food and energy production in APV systems against traditional monoculture farming, identifying optimal crops for APV integration. Energy generation from a stand-alone APV (SAPV) system is measured and simulated using PVsyst software to optimize system performance and maximize power output. Results indicate that brinjal, lettuce, aloe vera exhibit yield advantages in the APV system, while green chili show disadvantages, and tomato demonstrates no significant difference. The SAPV system achieves an average yearly performance ratio of 75.4 % and a solar fraction (FR) of 0.914, consistently meeting energy demands with an average daily energy production of 1.157 kWh. This study highlights the feasibility of APV systems as a sustainable model for integrated food and energy production in Bangladesh, demonstrating their potential to enhance land-use efficiency and contribute to the nation's energy and agricultural resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitilising the energy sector: A comprehensive digital twin framework for biomass gasification power plant with CO2 capture","authors":"Peter Akhator ,&nbsp;Bilainu Oboirien","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The push to decarbonize the energy sector by incorporating renewable sources is increasing the complexity of power plant operations. One potential solution is to digitize power plants through digital twin (DT) technology, which can improve operational efficiencies and reduce maintenance costs. However, the application of DT in power plants remains in its early stages, with no existing implementations focused on gasification technology. This study aims to develop a comprehensive digital twin framework for a biomass gasification power plant with CO2 capture (DT-BGPP).</div><div>An overview of existing DT research in power plants and their classifications was conducted to assess the current state of the field and identify gaps. Based on this analysis, essential characteristics for the DT-BGPP framework were defined, leading to the identification of its main components. The classification revealed a common gap in mid-tier categories, with most available power plant Dts lacking complete bidirectional data flow with their physical counterparts. The key components of DT-BGPP include a high-order science-informed dynamic model, a data-driven model, actual data, pre-executed localized simulations, and a system genome.</div><div>Recommendations for advancing the proposed DT-BGPP include establishing connections between all framework components to achieve a fully integrated digital twin for a biomass gasification power plant with CO₂ capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy efficiency and ISO 50001:2018 implementation in seafood processing industries: A comprehensive analysis and strategic framework","authors":"Mary Saniya Stephen,&nbsp;Shibu Arkkakadavil Valsalan","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy is an indispensable resource in the seafood processing industry. This pioneering study explores energy efficiency using Specific energy consumption (SEC) model in Kerala's seafood processing industry, shedding light on its energy dynamics amidst growing calls for conservation and cost optimization. With an average Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) of 159.2 kWh/MT and an energy cost of 965.9 INR/MT, the industry faces notable energy challenges. The study finds a moderate correlation (0.748) between production and energy consumption, and strong correlations between production and energy cost (0.763), and energy consumption and energy cost (0.992), highlighting the direct link between energy use and costs. Regression analysis confirms that SEC significantly influences energy costs, emphasizing the need for efficient energy management. The research advocates for adopting ISO 50001:2018, integrated with the Food-Energy-Water (FEW) Nexus, as a framework for optimizing energy and resource use. A customized action plan for implementing this standard in shrimp processing facilities aims to reduce consumption, cut costs, and enhance sustainability, offering a robust foundation for future energy efficiency initiatives in the sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}