CEMENT最新文献 - Book学术

High-strength self-compacting alkali-activated concrete produced with fly ash and steel slag: rheological behavior and mixing rheology comparisons with a Portland cement concrete 粉煤灰和钢渣生产的高强度自密实碱活化混凝土：流变特性和与波特兰水泥混凝土的混合流变比较

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100156

Lucas B.R. Araújo , Madson L. de Souza , Abcael R.S. Melo , Heloina N. Costa , Lucas F.A.L. Babadopulos , Antonio E.B. Cabral , Rafael G. Pileggi

{"title":"High-strength self-compacting alkali-activated concrete produced with fly ash and steel slag: rheological behavior and mixing rheology comparisons with a Portland cement concrete","authors":"Lucas B.R. Araújo , Madson L. de Souza , Abcael R.S. Melo , Heloina N. Costa , Lucas F.A.L. Babadopulos , Antonio E.B. Cabral , Rafael G. Pileggi","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction industry has recently seen a growing demand for sustainable materials. Alkali-activated binders (AAB) have emerged as a viable alternative to Portland cement-based materials. This study investigates the influences of the composition and mixing methods on the rheological and mechanical properties of an alkali-activated concrete (AAC) based on fly ash (FA) and steel slag (SS), compared to a reference Portland cement concrete (PCC) with equivalent volume fractions of aggregate and paste. Two mixing methods were examined: a free fall mixer and a planetary mixer that also functions as a rheometer. In the fresh state, the performance of concretes was assessed, focusing on rheological parameters such as mixing energy, maximum torque, and equivalent apparent viscosity indicator. In the hardened state, compressive strength tests were conducted. Pseudoplastic rheological model effectively described AAC behavior, while the Bingham model better characterized PCC. AAC demonstrated high passing ability and extended flow time, with flow behavior significantly influenced by the mixing process. Rheological analysis revealed that AAC required five times more mixing energy and exhibited greater equivalent apparent viscosity indicator compared to PCC. Additionally, AAC achieved higher compressive strength than PCC, which presented values from 34 to 43 MPa (PCC) depending on curing conditions. Thermal curing increased compressive strength by nearly 60 % at 28 days for AAC, from 48.6 MPa to 76.8 MPa. Furthermore, the mixing procedure influenced the fresh and hardened properties of both AAC and PCC, though PCC exhibited only minor variations. Mixing methods with higher energy input led to improved compressive strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydration of portland cement and slag cement mixtures with insights on AFm phases and reaction mechanism 硅酸盐水泥和矿渣水泥混合料的水化及其AFm相和反应机理

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100155

Mohsen Torabi , Peter C Taylor

引用次数: 0

Enhancing efficiency in evaluating alkali-silica reaction (ASR) damage: an automated approach to point-count microscopy 提高评估碱-硅反应（ASR）损伤的效率：点计数显微镜的自动化方法

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100153

Cassandra Trottier , Laurent Ramos Cheret , Haoye Lu , Anthony Allard , Maia Fraser , Leandro F.M. Sanchez

{"title":"Enhancing efficiency in evaluating alkali-silica reaction (ASR) damage: an automated approach to point-count microscopy","authors":"Cassandra Trottier , Laurent Ramos Cheret , Haoye Lu , Anthony Allard , Maia Fraser , Leandro F.M. Sanchez","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The damage rating index (DRI) is a valuable microscopy tool for collecting and counting data on different types of concrete cracks, such as those associated with alkali-silica reaction (ASR) induced deterioration. Yet, the procedure presents drawbacks such as time consumption and variability linked to operator experience, which has sparked debates about the subjectivity of its outcomes. Embracing the forefront of technological advancements, this study explores the practicality of automating the DRI's data collection through artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. Like many image processing and analysis applications that use AI, the DRI is an object classification and segmentation task. This study represents a step forward in leveraging automation to enhance the objectivity and efficiency of ASR damage characterization in concrete through point-count microscopy, along with proposing a set of tools to evaluate the outcomes from the application’s perspective for more efficient training data selection. Results show that despite obtaining acceptable performance individually, where the detector-classifier performance was found to have an accuracy of 0.744, and the crack counter accuracy was 0.988, the current version of the proposed machine still displays high variability in detecting, classifying, and counting distinct crack types. Overall, the machine overestimates ASR-induced damage, which was further verified through the Chi-square goodness of fit test, indicating that further training and enhancement of the proposed machine are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Condition assessment of pre-tensioning prestressed concrete sleepers distressed by internal swelling reactions (ISR) 内膨胀反应（ISR）下预张预应力混凝土枕木状态评价

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100154

R. Medeiros , D.J. De Souza , L.F.M. Sanchez , A.C. Santos

{"title":"Condition assessment of pre-tensioning prestressed concrete sleepers distressed by internal swelling reactions (ISR)","authors":"R. Medeiros , D.J. De Souza , L.F.M. Sanchez , A.C. Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete sleepers worldwide have been affected by internal swelling reactions (ISR), primarily alkali-silica reaction (ASR) and internal sulfate attack (ISA). While numerous studies have focused on diagnosing ISR-affected sleepers, most emphasize identifying the cause rather than estimating the extent of deterioration, which is critical for informed decision-making. This study presents a comprehensive condition assessment of concrete sleepers displaying numerous ages and environmental exposure conditions through visual inspection (i.e., crack measurements) followed by the implementation of the multi-level assessment protocol, composed of microscopic (i.e., damage rating index-DRI) and mechanical (i.e., stiffness damage test-SDT) testing procedures. Results evidenced the multi-level protocol efficiency in estimating the cause(s) (i.e., ASR+ISA), further confirmed through SEM-EDS analysis, and quantifying the deterioration extent. These findings reveal gaps in current specification to prevent ISR damage in new sleepers and the importance of considering environmental conditions in condition assessment of existing sleepers, demonstrating an urgent need to review specifications/protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-aging basic creep of alkali-activated slag concrete: Multiscale characterization and modeling 碱活化矿渣混凝土的非老化基本徐变：多尺度表征与建模

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100151

Richard Caron , Ravi A. Patel , Andreas Bogner , Frank Dehn

{"title":"Non-aging basic creep of alkali-activated slag concrete: Multiscale characterization and modeling","authors":"Richard Caron , Ravi A. Patel , Andreas Bogner , Frank Dehn","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on a multiscale characterization of basic creep behavior of two AAS creep mixes with high (hS) and low (lS) slag content, loaded at 28 days. Nano-indentation tests are performed to investigate creep properties of individual phases and classical creep tests to analyze the creep behavior of concrete. An analytical multiscale micromechanics-based model is applied to downscale creep properties of the reaction product foam at nano-scale to compare it with results from nano-indentation. The creep at nanoscale of reaction product foam is modeled with a compliance function considering only deviatoric component consisting of Kelvin–Voigt chain for short term behavior and logarithmic function to account for long-term behavior. Comparing downscaled compliance with creep modulus measured from nano-indentation it is concluded that nano-indentation captures long-term behavior of reaction product foam. In terms of two mix tested, while at nano-scale mix hS has a higher creep modulus, presence of more capillary porosity and micro-cracks counteracts this and as a result concrete with mix hS shows higher creep. The creep modulus of AAS product foam obtained from nano-indentation is significantly lower compared to the OPC products. Additionally, higher amount of gel water and fewer crystalline secondary products could explain higher creep observed for AAS concrete compared to OPC concrete.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparisons of quarry by-products as a partial replacement of portland cement in pastes and mortars 采石场副产品在膏体和砂浆中部分替代波特兰水泥的比较

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100152

Tu-Nam Nguyen , Michael Lowry , Thien Q. Tran , Ketki Phadke , Elizabeth Bise , Alexander S. Brand

{"title":"Comparisons of quarry by-products as a partial replacement of portland cement in pastes and mortars","authors":"Tu-Nam Nguyen , Michael Lowry , Thien Q. Tran , Ketki Phadke , Elizabeth Bise , Alexander S. Brand","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quarry by-products (QB), including screenings, pond fines, and baghouse fines, present a significant surplus, since they are not significantly utilized in other markets and industries. This study explores the use of seven different QB as direct replacements of limestone powder in a portland limestone cement for paste and mortar applications. Cement replacements ranging from 5 % to 20 % by volume were explored, and testing included compressive and flexural strengths, isothermal calorimetry, pore solution analysis, alkali-silica reaction, and reactivity analysis. Expectedly, the results demonstrated that not all QB yielded equivalent performance. All mortars with 5 % and 15 % QB substitution had lower compressive strengths than the control, with the 15 % QB substitution performing worse. However, the mortars with QB had higher flexural strengths than the control. The 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 % QB substitution samples decreased the cumulative heat at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, with a higher substitution having a stronger decreasing effect. QB 2 and QB 7 were found to only slightly decrease the cumulative heat at 5 % substitution. Furthermore, QB 2 was found to significantly accelerate the silicate and aluminate heat evolution peaks, while QB 1, QB 3, QB 4, QB 5, and QB 7 only slightly accelerated the silicate and/or aluminate peaks. The pore solution of mortars with 5 % and 15 % QB substitution were found to have a lower pH and, in general, increased calcium and silicon contents. QB 2 was found to be moderately ASR reactive, while QB 7 was found to be ASR reactive. All QB were found to be non-pozzolanic; however, they may still be of use in other portland cement applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling and visualizing the impact of metakaolin on the alkali concentration in cement paste pore solution 偏高岭土对水泥浆孔溶液中碱浓度影响的建模和可视化

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100148

Ana Bergmann , Klaartje de Weerdt , Maxime Ranger , Miriam E. Krüger , Petter Hemstad , Barbara Lothenbach

引用次数: 0

Cation uptake by fine aggregate in hardened cement mortar and its effect on electrical properties 水泥硬化砂浆中细骨料对阳离子的吸收及其对电性能的影响

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100147

Atolo A. Tuinukuafe , Anuj Parashar , Xiaoqiang Hou , Jason H. Ideker

{"title":"Cation uptake by fine aggregate in hardened cement mortar and its effect on electrical properties","authors":"Atolo A. Tuinukuafe , Anuj Parashar , Xiaoqiang Hou , Jason H. Ideker","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrical resistivity tests can be used to evaluate the transport properties of concrete and provide a durability assessment. However, the electrical resistivity is largely dependent on the pore solution composition and recent work suggests that some aggregates have the capacity for cation uptake. This study first aims to provide further evidence for adsorption of cations on aggregate surfaces, without formation of reaction products (e.g. alkali-silica reaction). Secondly, hardened mortar samples were prepared using a fine aggregate with a high alkali affinity and a non-reactive fine aggregate as a control. The electrical resistivity of mortars was measured, and the pore solution of these mortars was obtained through high-pressure extraction. The effect of aggregate moisture dilution on the pore solution was decoupled by using a pore partitioning model. The results indicate that aggregate minerology can influence the pore solution composition through cation uptake. Specific minerals of minor quantity, like biotite, may be responsible for cation exchange. While adsorbed cations strongly affected pore solution and formation factor measurement, the bulk resistivity measurements on hardened mortar were only marginally influenced. Research on other implications of similar aggregate interactions with pore solutions are an intriguing area for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moisture dynamics and influence on alkali-silica reaction induced expansion: A comprehensive laboratory study 水分动力学及其对碱-硅反应诱发膨胀的影响：一项综合实验室研究

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100146

O.D. Olajide , M.R. Nokken , L.F.M. Sanchez

{"title":"Moisture dynamics and influence on alkali-silica reaction induced expansion: A comprehensive laboratory study","authors":"O.D. Olajide , M.R. Nokken , L.F.M. Sanchez","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Moisture availability is crucial for initiating and progressing alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete. As a result, moisture control has often been adopted as a mitigation strategy in maintaining ASR-affected concrete. Selecting effective maintenance strategies requires a deep understanding of the moisture dynamics between internal moisture in concrete and its environment, and influence on ASR, which remains incompletely explored. To evaluate this interplay, 180 concrete cylinders incorporating a reference reactive aggregate (i.e., Spratt) were manufactured and stored at distinct conditions: i.e., three different temperatures (21°C, 38°C and 60°C) and five relative humidities (100 % RH, 90 % RH, 82 % RH, 75 % RH, and 62 % RH). The internal and external relative humidity, length, and mass change were monitored for up to a year. Results indicate that the amount of water used for cement hydration is sufficient to trigger the reaction, regardless of the subsequent exposure condition. However, the rate of ASR-induced development is influenced by the internal relative humidity, which changes with time based on the external relative humidity and temperature. Additionally, the minimum moisture (i.e., RH threshold) required to cause significant deleterious effects from ASR was assessed and confirmed to be temperature-dependent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanoscale pore structure analysis of cementitious materials subjected to delayed ettringite formation 延迟钙矾石形成胶凝材料的纳米级孔隙结构分析

CEMENT Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2025.100145

M. Shariful Islam , Yamini Shekar , Benjamin J. Mohr

{"title":"Nanoscale pore structure analysis of cementitious materials subjected to delayed ettringite formation","authors":"M. Shariful Islam , Yamini Shekar , Benjamin J. Mohr","doi":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cement.2025.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study investigates the nanoscale pore structure of cementitious materials subjected to delayed ettringite formation (DEF) under different heat curing conditions up to 4000 days via small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). Four types of commercially available cement were used and a heat-curing temperature of up to 100 °C was applied. Results indicated that the peak pore size deceased due to the initial ettringite formation filling up the largest pores. Over time, ettringite continues to form in the smallest pores during supersaturation, leading to an apparent increase in average pore size in later age. Once ettringite crystalline pressure exceed the tensile strength of the mortar, nano-cracking initiates. Results revealed that the critical pore size threshold necessary to induce cracking stress due to crystalline pressure in the microstructure was approximately 20 to 25 nm based on the SAXS analysis. The main outcome of this study was to recognize the pore size responsible for the mass expansions of certain mortars subjected to DEF under different heat curing conditions in the long-term of up to 4000 days.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100225,"journal":{"name":"CEMENT","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0