AJO International最新文献

{"title":"Socioeconomic status and risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with retinal vein occlusion: A Danish nationwide cohort study","authors":"Marie Ørskov ,&nbsp;Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski ,&nbsp;Torben Bjerregaard Larsen ,&nbsp;Toke Bek ,&nbsp;Flemming Skjøth ,&nbsp;Henrik Vorum","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study examines the association between socioeconomic status and the occurrence of both cardiovascular diseases and mortality following retinal vein occlusion (RVO), a condition known to elevate the risk of cardiovascular health issues. Despite recognition of the impact socioeconomic factors might have on a patient's course through the healthcare system, its association with cardiovascular outcomes post-RVO has not previously been thoroughly explored.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Nationwide cohort study.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We included all subjects with RVO from the Danish nationwide registries diagnosed between 2000 and 2018. Information was combined using a personal identification number each Danish resident is given at birth or upon immigration. We categorized participants by their socioeconomic levels to evaluate the five-year incidence rate of cardiovascular conditions and overall mortality. The analysis was further refined by sex and age groups to elucidate any differential impacts. Furthermore, the cumulative incidence was estimated using the Aalen-Johansen estimator and the differences between the socioeconomic groups were quantified using a cox proportional hazard model. Key quantitative results were summarized, including hazard rate ratios (HR), confidence intervals (CI), and p-values</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The cohort was comprised of 14,041 individuals with RVO. Our analysis revealed a relationship between educational attainment and cardiovascular health outcomes. Lower education levels were consistently linked with heightened risks of mortality, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and peripheral artery disease following RVO. Individuals with a middle educational level also exhibited a higher prevalence of peripheral artery disease when compared to those with the highest education levels. In terms of income, the lowest earners faced increased risks across several categories, including mortality, diabetes, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and peripheral artery disease, when compared to the highest-income earners. The middle-income group also showed elevated risks for mortality, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease. Being unmarried was additionally associated with higher risks of mortality and heart failure compared to being married.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Socioeconomic status was significantly associated with clinically relevant differences in post-RVO risk of cardiovascular diseases and death. Our data suggests that socioeconomic factors should be considered in the attempt to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and death in patients with RVO.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000443/pdfft?md5=8e9df1e4d8e67d78f997a8dabefcee51&pid=1-s2.0-S2950253524000443-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141540389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-dose atropine for high myopia: An observational cohort study","authors":"Anna Mueller ,&nbsp;Roberto Warman","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To describe and compare the spherical equivalent progression of pediatric patients with high myopia undergoing treatment with 0.01 % atropine and those not receiving any myopia therapy.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Retrospective, descriptive cohort study</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this IRB-approved study, we analyzed the spherical equivalent (SE) progression in children 6–13 years old treated with 0.01 % atropine and those who were not treated for myopia, initial SE of ≤-6 D, astigmatism of ≤2 D, no syndromic conditions, and records of cycloplegic refraction measurements without missing more than one year.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Seventy-five eyes were included, with 87 % belonging to Hispanic patients. The baseline SE (D) was -7.66 ± 1.40 in the atropine group and -7.90 ± 1.38 in the control group. Over three years, atropine-treated eyes demonstrated slower SE progression compared to controls (<em>P</em> = 0.002). Analysis of yearly progression rates (D/year) revealed notably slower progression in the atropine group during the second (<em>P</em> = 0.04) and third (<em>P</em> = 0.02) years.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest that low-dose atropine may be beneficial as a first-line treatment for high myopia due to its favorable safety profile and potential efficacy. Due to limited statistical power, findings should be interpreted cautiously.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000467/pdfft?md5=5f7709c3e439015737541be0912f71f0&pid=1-s2.0-S2950253524000467-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141540390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The refractive impact of subretinal fluid in neovascular age-related macular degeneration","authors":"Marianne Guldager Schou ,&nbsp;Benjamin Sommer Thinggaard ,&nbsp;Javad Nouri Hajari ,&nbsp;Oliver Niels Klefter ,&nbsp;Jakob Grauslund ,&nbsp;Yousif Subhi","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S295025352400042X/pdfft?md5=0d1a9f3c43772062ff69fb8a3b1b4057&pid=1-s2.0-S295025352400042X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden in plain sight: AI-driven steganography and watermarking for secure transmission of ophthalmic data","authors":"Michael Balas ,&nbsp;Chris Rudnisky ,&nbsp;Edsel B. Ing","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To explore the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing steganographic and watermarking techniques for the secure transmission of ophthalmic data. This study aims to delineate the integration of these methods into healthcare frameworks to ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and compliance with regulatory standards.</p></div><div><h3>Design and methods</h3><p>A descriptive and analytical approach was employed to examine the potential of steganographic and watermarking techniques in ophthalmic data security. The study reviews historical and contemporary uses of these methods and introduces AI as a means to enhance their efficacy and application in medical data transmission. We applied an example use-case of an open-source steganography application that performs both data concealment and watermarking to demonstrate practical implementation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>AI-enhanced steganography allows for the imperceptible embedding of sensitive patient data within digital ophthalmic images, which can significantly obscure the presence of transmitted data from unauthorized parties. Similarly, AI-driven watermarking can embed digital signatures to authenticate image origins and signal alterations, aiding in forensic integrity and compliance verification.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Integrating AI with steganography and watermarking offers promising enhancements to the security and efficiency of ophthalmic data transmission. While these AI-driven techniques contribute to a more robust data-handling framework, their successful deployment requires interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous refinement to address emerging technical and ethical challenges effectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000431/pdfft?md5=4b01ebaf5cf510377133513973cea0b0&pid=1-s2.0-S2950253524000431-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the ocular trauma score and identification of additional prognostic factors in open-globe injuries","authors":"Jacob A. Mascaro ,&nbsp;Hongyi Ren ,&nbsp;Sergei V. Dmitruk ,&nbsp;Andrew D. Fernandez ,&nbsp;Harrison L. Ngo ,&nbsp;Yasaman Ataei ,&nbsp;John Le ,&nbsp;Surbhi Bansal","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study's aim was to validate the Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) for open globe injuries and to identify additional pre-operative factors that may affect the final visual acuity outcomes of patients with open globe injuries.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>This was a retrospective cross-sectional study done via chart review.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a single center study of patients who presented to VCU Medical Center from 2013 to 2020. A total of 140 patients with open globe injuries were included in the study. OTS was calculated for each patient based on the initial study by Kuhn et al. OTS predicted visual acuities were compared with the actual final visual acuities using Mann Whitney U test. The distribution of visual acuities in each OTS category was also compared with the original study by Kuhn et al. using Chi square analysis. The effects of lens involvement, presence of an intraocular foreign body, zone of injury, and time of surgery on the final visual acuity outcomes were also analyzed using Mann Whitney U test. The main outcome measure was the final visual acuity in Snellen and LogMAR equivalents.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>LP/HM was the most common presenting visual acuity category (59%) and OTS 1 was the most common OTS (45%). OTS reliably predicted final visual acuity in most cases, except for OTS 1 and 4, where there were significant differences between our study and the Kuhn et al. study. Of the four pre-operative factors analyzed, lens status and foreign body had significant effects on final visual acuity outcomes – injuries with an atraumatic lens or without an IOFB had better final VAs than predicted by OTS. Zone of injury and time of surgery had no significant effects.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study finds that OTS is overall a reliable predictor of final visual acuity and further validates it as a tool for open globe injury prognostication. However, our investigation showed that certain factors were not adequately accounted for by OTS, demonstrating the importance of considering other pre-operative factors when using OTS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000418/pdfft?md5=6e5aa169d839503d20b463201ad0679d&pid=1-s2.0-S2950253524000418-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Gabapentinoids in pain resolution after Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Obaid Ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Eeman Ahmad ,&nbsp;Shahzaib Ahmed ,&nbsp;Umar Akram ,&nbsp;Eeshal Fatima ,&nbsp;Aymen Shafqat ,&nbsp;Zain Ali Nadeem ,&nbsp;Abdullah Ahmed ,&nbsp;Imtanan Fazal ,&nbsp;Abdulqadir J Nashwan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) is a procedure used for the correction of refractive errors. It is specifically preferred in cases of reduced corneal thickness or anterior basement membrane dystrophy. Despite being a viable treatment option, post-operative pain is one of the main concerns of PRK. Studies have shown that gabapentin and pregabalin reduce pain as compared to placebo after PRK. Therefore, we aim to conduct a meta-analysis that studies the efficacy of gabapentinoids after PRK.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A comprehensive search was done using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from inception till March 2024 for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included 18 years or older patients of PRK who used gabapentinoids (Pregabalin, Gabapentin) for pain resolution. RevMan (version 5.3) was used to calculate Mean differences (MD) with their 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 3 RCTs were included after a comprehensive screening. The studies included 312 participants. The mean age of the participants in the intervention group was 27.3 years. Gabapentinoid therapy was associated with no significant improvement in pain reduction on operation day post-PRK (MD = -0.64; 95 % CI, -1.63 to 0.35; p-value = 0.20) or after 24 h of operation (MD = -0.45; 95 % CI, -2.01 to 1.11; p-value = 0.57). No significant benefit in terms of total rescue analgesia use post-PRK was observed (MD = -0.69; 95 % CI, -2.88 to 1.51; p-value = 0.5). However, a statistically significant benefit was observed two days after PRK (MD = -0.66 (95 % CI, -1.27 to -0.05; p-value = 0.03).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Gabapentinoids do not show significant efficacy in pain resolution post-PRK as compared to the placebo.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S295025352400039X/pdfft?md5=9bbdfd1ad97cad791761a02d2e416e11&pid=1-s2.0-S295025352400039X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141415067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast cancer orbital metastases: Clinical, histopathological features and disease related survival in a retrospective case series","authors":"Sofia Peschiaroli ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Piccinni ,&nbsp;Giovanni Cuffaro ,&nbsp;Monica Maria Pagliara ,&nbsp;Maria Grazia Sammarco ,&nbsp;Antonio Mulè ,&nbsp;Angela Santoro ,&nbsp;Mariachiara Savino ,&nbsp;Federico Giannuzzi ,&nbsp;Tommaso Tartaglione ,&nbsp;Gustavo Savino","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To analyze the clinical, radiological and histopathological features, and long-term follow-up of patients with orbital metastases originating from a primary breast carcinoma. Main outcomes were: demographic characteristics of the population, clinical ophthalmological presentation, histological features, orbital metastasis latency, disease related survival, mortality rate.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>A retrospective observational case-series.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The medical records of 10 female patients affected by orbital metastases originating from a primary breast carcinoma referring at our tertiary referral center from 01/2016 to 12/2023, were reviewed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The median age was 63 (71.50 - 57.25) years (time of orbital biopsy). The prevalent histotype of orbital metastases of breast cancer was lobular 9.00 (90 %). The median orbital metastasis latency time in months was 9 months (IQR: 11 - 5) (in one case the orbital metastases were the first manifestation of an unknown primary tumor). The median Disease Related Survival (DRS) during the observation period was 17.50 months and the 24 months survival rate 57.14 %. The overall Mortality Rate in our population was 60 %.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The most frequent histotype of breast cancer orbital metastasis is the lobular one. The primary tumor precedes the onset of orbital metastasis in the majority of cases and tends to present with the classic symptoms of a mass occupying and infiltrating space. Orbital metastases are a sign that the disease is at an advanced stage, the mortality rate is high and DRS low.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000406/pdfft?md5=708f717b6412a510ebd174d9031fd904&pid=1-s2.0-S2950253524000406-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141396748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features and associations of optic neuritis in the Middle East: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Ayah Hajjar ,&nbsp;Anu Jacob ,&nbsp;Scott Smith ,&nbsp;Luai Eldweik","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Differences exist in the clinical profile of optic neuritis (ON) among various populations. The present study outlines the features of optic neuritis and its associations in Middle Eastern population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a single tertiary care neuro-ophthalmology clinic, we reviewed charts between 2016 and 2021, to identify patients with optic neuritis. Patients with at least one single episode of ON, and a follow up for at least 6 months were only included. Patients from countries outside the Middle East were not eligible. We performed a sub-analysis using data from the clinic, laboratory, and radiological findings to classify patients with optic neuritis into 4 groups: idiopathic ON, multiple sclerosis associated optic neuritis (MS-ON), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder associated optic neuritis (NMOSD-ON), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease optic neuritis (MOGAD-ON).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>77 patients met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Approximately, two thirds of the patients (64%, 95% CI [0.52–0.74]) had MS-ON, 17 patients had idiopathic ON (22.6%, 95% CI [0.13–0.33]), 6 patients were diagnosed with NMOSD-ON (8%, 95% CI [0.02–0.16]), and 4 patients had MOG-ON (5.3%, 95% CI [0.01–0.13]). More than half of patients with idiopathic ON were found to have clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and thus to be at high risk of developing MS. Among all patients enrolled in the study, the mean age was 29.8 ± 9.53 years. Patients with MS-ON and MOG-ON were relatively younger compared to patients from other groups (<em>P</em> = 0.0005). There was a female preponderance among all groups except MOG-ON, where 80% were males (<em>P</em> = 0.11). The pre- and post-treatment logMAR visual acuity (VA) tended to be worse in NMOSD-ON than other categories (<em>P</em> = 0.062). Optic disc swelling was more common among patients with MOGAD-ON, and least common in patients with NMOSD (100% vs 0%, <em>P</em> = 0.001). 5 patients presented with simultaneous bilateral involvement, and all but one had NMOSD-ON. 29% of patients had recurrence during the time of the study with significant difference in prevalence across groups. There was no difference in the involvement of the chiasm, or the retro-chiasmal pathways across groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study demonstrates that multiple sclerosis (MS) is the predominant CNS demyelinating disease associated with optic neuritis (ON) in the Middle Eastern population, mirroring trends observed in Western populations. The clinical and radiological features of each subtype showed no significant divergence compared to findings from studies conducted in other regions globally. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of ON's clinical spectrum and aid in refining diagnostic and management strategies in the Middle Eastern population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000388/pdfft?md5=666d6d5ec2ff123419d5341626d71eaa&pid=1-s2.0-S2950253524000388-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141402548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of facedown and non-facedown positions after vitrectomy with fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade for treating myopic foveoschisis with foveal detachment: A prospective, randomized interventional study","authors":"Ke Zhu ,&nbsp;Boya Lei ,&nbsp;Fang Song ,&nbsp;Rui Jiang ,&nbsp;Qing Chang ,&nbsp;Gezhi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To compare the anatomical and visual outcomes after vitrectomy with facedown (FD) or non-FD positions for treating myopic foveoschisis (MF) with foveal detachment.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Prospective, randomized interventional study.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>55 eyes with MF and foveal detachment that underwent vitrectomy with fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and air tamponade were randomized to either the postoperative FD (26 eyes) or non-FD (29 eyes) positions. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography were assessed at baseline, 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after vitrectomy with fovea-sparing ILM peeling and air tamponade with the FD or non-FD positions. Logistic and linear regression analyses were performed to study correlations between clinical factors and foveoschisis resolution and postoperative BCVA.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All patients completed ≥6 months of follow-up. MF and foveal detachment were completely resolved in 22 eyes (92 %) in the FD group and 22 eyes (76 %) in the non-FD group (<em>P</em> = 0.160). Macular hole-associated retinal detachment occurred in one eye in the FD (4 %) and non-FD (3 %) groups. The postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 6 months did not differ significantly between the two groups (<em>P</em> = 0.495). The BCVA improved by ≥0.3 logMAR in 14 eyes (58 %) in the FD group versus 17 eyes (59 %) in the non-FD group (<em>P</em> = 0.983). Central foveal thickness (CFT) and height of foveal detachment were significantly associated with foveoschisis resolution (<em>P</em> = 0.045 and 0.039, respectively). Better preoperative BCVA and foveoschisis resolution were significantly associated with better postoperative BCVA (<em>P</em> = 0.031 and 0.003, respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The non-FD position appeared to be as effective as the FD position after vitrectomy with fovea-sparing ILM peeling and air tamponade for treating MF with foveal detachment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000364/pdfft?md5=4287fdd4dd68809ab1887f43c8b1a98d&pid=1-s2.0-S2950253524000364-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141280932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of tadalafil on progression of age-related macular degeneration: a health insurance claims database analysis","authors":"Tracy Z. Lang ,&nbsp;John R. O'Fee ,&nbsp;Khristina I. Lung ,&nbsp;David S. Boyer ,&nbsp;Andrew A. Moshfeghi ,&nbsp;Brian C. Toy","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoint.2024.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To assess the effect of tadalafil use on progression of early/intermediate to advanced exudative or non-exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a real-world population.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Retrospective cohort study utilizing Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (CDM).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients were included from January 2015 to December 2020 aged 55 and older with an index International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis of early or intermediate AMD who had a 2-year period of continuous enrollment prior to the index diagnosis date (lookback period), 5 years of continuous follow-up, and who did not meet any exclusion criteria (claims for a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor other than tadalafil during the study, diagnosis of advanced non-exudative or exudative AMD, or claims for exudative AMD treatment during the lookback period). Treated patients with claims for tadalafil during the study period were matched 1:1 to untreated controls by age, sex, race, and smoking status. We assessed the effect of any tadalafil use, high (≥2700 mg) cumulative dose tadalafil vs. matched untreated controls, high (&gt;2700 mg) vs. low (≤2700 mg) cumulative dose tadalafil, and the 2-year cumulative dose of tadalafil (per 100 mg) as a continuous variable on incidence of progression to exudative or advanced non-exudative AMD during the 2-year follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no significant difference in odds of progression to exudative AMD or advanced non-exudative AMD in the control vs treated groups (OR = 0.802, 95% CI (0.558–1.152), <em>p</em> = 0.233; OR = 1.326, 95% CI (0.757–2.323), <em>p</em> = 0.323). High (≥2700 mg) cumulative dose tadalafil was not associated with a significant difference in odds of progression to exudative AMD or advanced non-exudative AMD when compared to the matched controls (OR = 0.455, 95% CI (0.202–1.025), <em>p</em> = 0.057; OR = 1.000, 95% CI (0.318–3.142), <em>p</em> = 1.000). There was no significant difference in odds of progression to exudative AMD or advanced non-exudative AMD in the high (&gt;2700 mg) vs. low (≤2700 mg) cumulative dose tadalafil (OR = 0.590, 95% CI (0.296–1.177), <em>p</em> = 0.134; OR = 1.039, 95% CI (0.440–2.460), <em>p</em> = 0.931). Lastly, there was no significant difference in odds of progression to exudative AMD or advanced non-exudative AMD when assessing the 2-year cumulative tadalafil dose (per 100 mg) as a continuous variable (OR = 1.000, 95% CI (1.000–1.000), <em>p</em> = 0.305; OR = 1.000, 95% CI (1.000–1.000), <em>p</em> = 0.878).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In a retrospective cohort study of a large nationwide health insurance claims database, tadalafil use was not associated with progression of AMD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100071,"journal":{"name":"AJO International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000376/pdfft?md5=7877785fb274c73ead16d562c34f658d&pid=1-s2.0-S2950253524000376-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}