Wiley最新文献

{"title":"Thermal Analysis of Outer Rotor PMSM Based on Flat Heat Pipe Cooling Method","authors":"Jialu Ding,&nbsp;Zhenyao Xu,&nbsp;Hongfeng Du,&nbsp;Fengge Zhang,&nbsp;Shuo Wang,&nbsp;Yuli Bao","doi":"10.1049/elp2.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/elp2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heat pipe is a kind of heat transfer element with very high thermal conductivity, which has a good application prospect in high power density driving motors. However, the complicated heat transfer process involves a variety of mechanisms, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of temperature field modelling. Therefore, the equivalent thermal conductivity model of flat heat pipe (FHP) considering the influence of some factors was established. First, the mathematical model can fully consider the influence of the thickness of shell, the thickness of vapour chamber, the length of endothermic section and exothermic section on the equivalent thermal conductivity of FHP. Second, a test platform is built to test the equivalent thermal conductivity of FHP and the accuracy of established analytical model is verified. Finally, a 30-pole 36-slot high power density outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is designed. Based on the FHP cooling method, FHPs placed in stator yoke are analysed, and the influence of different cooling structures on motor temperature rise is compared. At the same time, the effect of forced air cooling on the temperature rise of the motor is discussed, which provides a valuable reference for the application of FHP in the motor cooling.</p>","PeriodicalId":13352,"journal":{"name":"Iet Electric Power Applications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/elp2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Large-Scale Dataset for Marine Vessel Re-Identification Based on Swin Transformer Network in Ocean Surveillance Scenario","authors":"Zhi Lu,&nbsp;Liguo Sun,&nbsp;Pin Lv,&nbsp;Jiuwu Hao,&nbsp;Bo Tang,&nbsp;Xuanzhen Chen","doi":"10.1049/cvi2.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cvi2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, there has been an upward trend that marine vessels, an important object category in marine monitoring, have gradually become a research focal point in the field of computer vision, such as detection, tracking, and classification. Among them, marine vessel re-identification (Re-ID) emerges as a significant frontier research topics, which not only faces the dual challenge of huge intra-class and small inter-class differences, but also has complex environmental interference in the port monitoring scenarios. To propel advancements in marine vessel Re-ID technology, SwinTransReID, a framework grounded in the Swin Transformer for marine vessel Re-ID, is introduced. Specifically, the project initially encodes the triplet images separately as a sequence of blocks and construct a baseline model leveraging the Swin Transformer, achieving better performance on the Re-ID benchmark dataset in comparison to convolution neural network (CNN)-based approaches. And it introduces side information embedding (SIE) to further enhance the robust feature-learning capabilities of Swin Transformer, thus, integrating non-visual cues (orientation and type of vessel) and other auxiliary information (hull colour) through the insertion of learnable embedding modules. Additionally, the project presents VesselReID-1656, the first annotated large-scale benchmark dataset for vessel Re-ID in real-world ocean surveillance, comprising 135,866 images of 1656 vessels along with 5 orientations, 12 types, and 17 colours. The proposed method achieves 87.1<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>%</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $%$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> mAP and 96.1<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>%</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $%$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> Rank-1 accuracy on the newly-labelled challenging dataset, which surpasses the state-of-the-art (SOTA) method by 1.9<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>%</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $%$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> mAP regarding to performance. Moreover, extensive empirical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed SwinTransReID on the person Market-1501 dataset, vehicle VeRi-776 dataset, and Boat Re-ID vessel dataset.</p>","PeriodicalId":56304,"journal":{"name":"IET Computer Vision","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cvi2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative Inflammatory Status and Postoperative Morbidity in Patients With Primary Retroperitoneal Sarcoma","authors":"Pia van der Laan,&nbsp;Fabio Tirotta,&nbsp;Stijn van der Burg,&nbsp;Stefanie Hakkesteegt,&nbsp;Max L. Almond,&nbsp;Yvonne Schrage,&nbsp;Anant Desai,&nbsp;Winette T. A. van der Graaf,&nbsp;Dirk J. Grunhagen,&nbsp;Samuel J. Ford,&nbsp;Cornelis Verhoef,&nbsp;Winan J. van Houdt","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70588","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The role of preoperative inflammatory markers in predicting postoperative outcomes has been investigated in different types of cancer. However, little is known about retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative inflammatory status and major postoperative morbidity in patients undergoing RPS surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data on patients undergoing surgery for primary RPS between 2008 and 2022 at three specialist sarcoma centers were analyzed. The preoperative inflammatory status was evaluated, assessing the C-reactive protein (CRP) value, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR). The primary outcome was 90-day major postoperative morbidity. The best-balanced cutoff values to apply in the uni- and multivariable analysis were calculated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were available for 239 patients. Major postoperative complications occurred in 52 of 235 patients (22.1%). Increased median values of CRP, NLR, and PLR were significantly higher in patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). As such, further analysis focused only on this specific histotype. On multivariable analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders, the association between increasing CRP and NLR with 90-day major postoperative morbidity remained significant, with an OR of 2.96 (95% CI: 1.03–8.49, <i>p</i> = 0.044) for CRP &gt; 61 mg/L, and with an OR of 4.69 (1.55–14.20, <i>p</i> = 0.006) for NLR &gt; 4.85.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated preoperative levels of CRP and NLR are independently associated with major postoperative morbidity in patients affected by primary retroperitoneal DDLPS. These findings may help decision-making and optimize perioperative management in these patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70588","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Diabetes Among 0.98 Million Patients With Stroke/TIA in China: Insights From a Nationwide Cohort Study","authors":"Siqi Chen,&nbsp;Gulbahram Yalkun,&nbsp;Hongqiu Gu,&nbsp;Xin Yang,&nbsp;Chunjuan Wang,&nbsp;Xingquan Zhao,&nbsp;Yilong Wang,&nbsp;Liping Liu,&nbsp;Xia Meng,&nbsp;Yong Jiang,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Yongjun Wang,&nbsp;Zixiao Li,&nbsp;Jue Liu,&nbsp;Donghua Mi","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive epidemiological investigation of the coexistence between diabetes and stroke/TIA in China is urged.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance program, a nationwide multi-center registry study, were used to detect the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes among stroke/TIA. The distribution of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes among stroke/TIA patients was investigated, the medical care around diabetes and their respective risk predictors were analyzed, and the association of all above diabetes characteristics with in-hospital death was evaluated using multi-variable Cox regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 980 625 patients included, 308 426 (31.5%) had prediabetes, while 365 052 (37.2%) had diabetes, with nearly a third of them undiagnosed (112 969, 30.9%). Of residual aware diabetic patients, 59.0% were treated, with 27.3% controlled. Compared to Han ethnicity, Zhuang ethnicity had a lower prevalence of diabetes (37.3% vs. 35.1%) but were less aware (69.4% vs. 56.5%), treated (59.4% vs. 47.8%), and controlled (27.4% vs. 26.0%). Patients with prediabetes, diagnosed, and undiagnosed diabetes had increasingly higher risks of in-hospital death (adjusted HR [95% CI]: 1.47 [1.35–1.60]; 2.15 [1.97–2.34]; 4.20 [3.87–4.56], all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Unaware and untreated diabetes were independently associated with in-hospital death (adjusted HR [95% CI]: 1.99 [1.85–2.14]; 2.84 [2.63–3.07, both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001]). Compared with controlled diabetes, those with uncontrolled diabetes had a lower risk of in-hospital death (adjusted HR [95% CI]: 0.77[0.68–0.88], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings indicate that over two-thirds of stroke/TIA patients are exposed to diabetes in China, causing higher in-hospital mortality, which should be screened and intervened early.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Kidney Failure and Hemolysis Secondary to High-Dose Teucreum polium (Lamiaceae): Case Report","authors":"Leila Gholami,&nbsp;Seyed Majid Ahmadi,&nbsp;Sheida Pursusan","doi":"10.1002/ccr3.70294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.70294","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Traditional medicine is becoming more popular worldwide. <i>Teucrium polium</i> belongs to the mint family and is a medicinal plant known for reducing blood sugar, hyperlipidemia, gastrointestinal tract issues, blood pressure, and urinary tract infections. High doses of this drug may cause liver and kidney toxicity, but this toxicity has not been thoroughly investigated. In this case report, we describe hemolysis and renal failure resulting from Arbitrary and traditional consumption of a high amount of <i>Teucreum polium</i> by the patient. After three cups of boiled <i>Teucreum polium</i> (each cup is approximately 200 cc) were administered to a 45-year-old white woman with an underlying hypertension disease with the intention of abortion, she developed abdominal pain, weakness, lethargy, nausea, fever, chills, anorexia, and hematuria. Laboratory investigations revealed severe hemolysis (LDH = 3903) and a decrease in hemoglobin to 4.7 mg/dL in 12 h. There was also a significant increase in the WBC, Retic count, BUN, and creatinine. A peripheral blood smear revealed +3 schistocytes and acanthosis. Viral markers, indirect coombs, and direct coombs were all negative. The primary diagnosis was acute intravascular hemolysis with renal failure. During treatment, with blood transfusion and hydration of the patient, liver and kidney function gradually improved. Due to the toxicity of medicinal plants, the unsupervised use of medicinal plants should be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":10327,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Reports","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ccr3.70294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study Protocol of a Prospective Phase 2 Study of Chlorophyllin for the Management of Brain Radionecrosis in Patients With Diffuse Glioma (CHROME)","authors":"Archya Dasgupta,&nbsp;Saranga Sawant,&nbsp;Abhishek Chatterjee,&nbsp;Vikram Gota,&nbsp;Arpita Sahu,&nbsp;Amitkumar Choudhari,&nbsp;Kajari Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Ameya Puranik,&nbsp;Indraja Dev,&nbsp;Aliasgar Moiyadi,&nbsp;Prakash Shetty,&nbsp;Vikas Singh,&nbsp;Nandini Menon,&nbsp;Sridhar Epari,&nbsp;Ayushi Sahay,&nbsp;Aekta Shah,&nbsp;Nazia Bano,&nbsp;Farnaz Shaikh,&nbsp;Aabha Jirage,&nbsp;Tejpal Gupta","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70657","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chlorophyllin (CHL) effectively decreases the side effects of radiotherapy (RT) by scavenging radiation-induced free radicals and reactive oxygen species in preclinical trials. This study aims to assess the efficacy of oral CHL for the treatment of brain radionecrosis in patients with diffuse glioma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a phase 2 trial prospective, interventional study. Adults (&gt; 18 years) with a histological diagnosis of diffuse glioma developing radionecrosis will be eligible for the study. Radionecrosis will be identified using standard imaging protocols with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with or without positron emission tomography (PET). Patients will be accrued in two strata: symptomatic (stratum A) and asymptomatic (stratum B). Chlorophyllin will be prescribed to all patients using a morning oral dose of 750 mg before breakfast for 3 months. In addition, participants in stratum A will be given a tapering dose of dexamethasone for 1 month, while stratum B will not be receiving any steroids. Imaging with an MRI brain protocol and PET scan will be planned at 1 month and MRI at 3 months after starting CHL. The primary endpoint is the clinical-radiological response at 1 month. Secondary endpoints include response at 3 months, biological responses, survival analysis, and quality-of-life scores. The total sample size is 118 (60 and 58 in stratum A and B, respectively), with one interim analysis planned.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Radionecrosis leads to significant morbidity and is usually treated with corticosteroids, which can lead to several side effects from both acute and long-term use. Refractory radionecrosis requires treatment with bevacizumab or surgical resection. Chlorophyllin is a cheap, safe, and readily available phytopharmaceutical drug, which is being investigated in the phase 2 study and, if proven effective, can be considered an alternative for treating radionecrosis.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> Clinical Trial Registry India (CTRI): CTRI/2023/08/056166; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06016452</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70657","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Depression and Lung Cancer Risk Among Postmenopausal Women","authors":"Yuanyuan La,&nbsp;Su Yon Jung,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Liang,&nbsp;Michelle J. Naughton,&nbsp;Michael Hendryx,&nbsp;Juhua Luo","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70695","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In recent years, the association between depression and various chronic diseases has attracted widespread attention. However, the effect of depression on lung cancer incidence has not been well studied. This study aimed to explore whether depression increases the incidence of lung cancer and to analyze the mediating and moderating roles of smoking in this relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study used large-scale longitudinal data sourced from the Women's Health Initiative, encompassing 123,961 postmenopausal women. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 8-item Burnam regression algorithm with a cut-point of 0.06, and depression was defined as either depressive symptoms or antidepressant use at baseline. The relationship between depression and lung cancer incidence was examined using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. A four-way decomposition causal mediation approach was employed to investigate the potential mediating and moderating effects of smoking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After a mean follow-up of 17.6 years, 3434 cases of lung cancer were identified. The incidence rate of lung cancer was higher among individuals with depression compared to those without (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05–1.26). Cigarette smoking partially mediated the relationship between depression and lung cancer incidence, explaining about 27% of the association effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified a significant association between depression and lung cancer incidence, and smoking partially mediates this relationship. This highlights that managing depression may play a key role in reducing lung cancer risk and decreasing tobacco use. Psychological support should be integrated with traditional smoking cessation programs for lung cancer prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70695","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transcriptional Regulator DhyR Positively Modulates Daptomycin Biosynthesis in Streptomyces roseosporus","authors":"Fuqiang He,&nbsp;Xinpeng Liu,&nbsp;Haiyi Wang,&nbsp;Xu Li,&nbsp;Yun Wu,&nbsp;Dan Zhang,&nbsp;Shufang Liang","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Daptomycin (DAP) is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic produced by <i>Streptomyces roseosporus</i>, and its biosynthesis is precisely regulated by a complex regulatory network. Although the biosynthetic pathway of DAP has been elucidated, the regulatory mechanism governing its biosynthesis at the transcriptional level is not yet fully understood. In the present study, a new transcriptional regulator, DhyR, was identified. A deletion mutant of <i>dhyR</i> was constructed using the CRISPR-Cas9 tool to elucidate the biological role of DhyR thanks to functional and transcriptomic analyses. The results demonstrated that DhyR positively regulates DAP biosynthesis in <i>S. roseosporus</i>. The in-frame deletion of the <i>dhyR</i> gene resulted in a significant downregulation of the transcription levels of all structural genes within the DAP biosynthetic gene cluster and a significant decrease in DAP yield. In contrast, overexpression of <i>dhyR</i> enhanced the transcription levels of the DAP biosynthetic gene cluster, leading to a 23% increase in DAP yield. Deletion of <i>dhyR</i> caused significant changes in the expression of multiple genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolic pathways through transcriptome analysis. Especially, deletion of <i>dhyR</i> led to a significant downregulation of transcription levels of three DAP biosynthesis-associated genes, including <i>atrA</i>, <i>depR1</i> and <i>ssig-05090</i>. In summary, DhyR positively regulates DAP biosynthesis in <i>S. roseosporus</i> by influencing the expression of the DAP gene cluster and modulating precursor flux. It functions as a pleiotropic regulator of primary and secondary metabolism in <i>S. roseosporus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant chemotherapy in localized, resectable extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcoma and survival outcomes – A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Megan H. Goh BS,&nbsp;Marcos R. Gonzalez MD,&nbsp;Hillary M. Heiling PhD,&nbsp;Emanuele Mazzola PhD,&nbsp;Joseph J. Connolly BS,&nbsp;Edwin Choy MD PhD,&nbsp;Gregory M. Cote MD PhD,&nbsp;Dimitrios Spentzos MD MMSc,&nbsp;Santiago A. Lozano-Calderon MD PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35792","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in localized, resectable soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) remains controversial. Despite positive findings reported in previous meta-analyses, the majority of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) fail to show a meaningful benefit. We conducted an updated meta-analysis to reassess the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in treating localized, resectable STSs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify RCTs that compared local therapy (surgery with or without radiotherapy) to local therapy with adjuvant chemotherapy. Articles were independently reviewed, and risk of bias was assessed by two authors. The outcomes assessed were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model (to account for possible heterogeneity across studies) for survival endpoints with the inverse-variance method, in which each study is weighted with the inverse of the variance of its effect estimate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 19 RCTs comprising 2128 patients were included. Our study found that adjuvant chemotherapy improved OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; <i>p</i> = .002) and DFS (HR, 0.78; <i>p</i> = .002). Doxorubicin-based monotherapy significantly improved OS (HR, 0.80; <i>p</i> = .01) and DFS (HR, 0.74; <i>p</i> = .0003), whereas doxorubicin-ifosfamide combined therapy did not significantly improve OS (HR, 0.78; <i>p</i> = .078) or DFS (HR, 0.94; <i>p</i> = .770). Doxorubicin-based ifosfamide combined therapy had moderate heterogeneity across studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study partially supports the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of localized, resectable STSs. Nevertheless, because of the heterogeneity of STSs, the benefit and the risks of treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy need to be evaluated on an individual benefit–risk basis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive Crayfish: Drivers or Passengers of Degradation in Freshwater Ecosystems?","authors":"Jelle A. Dercksen,&nbsp;Maarten J. J. Schrama,&nbsp;Kevin K. Beentjes,&nbsp;Bob N. Bastiaans,&nbsp;Rody Blom,&nbsp;André van Roon,&nbsp;Peter W. Lindenburg,&nbsp;Krijn B. Trimbos","doi":"10.1002/edn3.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Invasive species, such as the freshwater crayfish <i>Procambarus clarkii</i>, reportedly negatively influence the abundance of various aquatic species. Moreover, these invaders are increasingly linked to ecological degradation of aquatic ecosystems, as invaded habitats show increased levels of turbidity, nitrogen, and organic matter concentration. <i>P. clarkii</i> has, among other impacts, been associated with eutrophication in invaded habitats. However, observations suggest that the presence of <i>P. clarkii</i> is often not accompanied by ecosystem degradation, raising the question of whether they are drivers of degradation or function as passive passengers, with the degradation being caused by other stressors. To investigate these contrasting hypotheses, we conducted a full factorial experiment in 24 mesocosms with <i>P. clarkii</i> and nutrient pollution (specifically N, P, and K), a ubiquitous stressor in aquatic ecosystems. Here, we assessed the effects on community compositions of morphologically identified macrophytes and chironomids, as well as the compositions of bacteria, phytoplankton, and diatoms identified using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. Nutrient pollution induced significant shifts in macrophyte biomass and in the composition of the bacterial, diatom, and phytoplankton communities. All microbial communities exposed to nutrient pollution initially diverged from the control, after which the bacterial and phytoplankton communities converged back to the control in the final weeks. In contrast, we found only marginal effects of <i>P. clarkii</i>, rendering it unlikely as a significant short- to medium-term driver of the tested biodiversity. As microbial communities respond quickly to changes in the environmental conditions, these results signify that the mesocosms used in the study were relatively stable in spite of the presence of <i>P. clarkii</i>. The crayfish density and timeframe studied may be leveraged as threshold values in the design and execution of freshwater management strategies that aim to avert potential negative impacts of <i>P. clarkii</i> on ecosystem structure. Ultimately, the importance of nutrient pollution is reinforced as a driver of environmental change in aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.70062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}