ChemMedChemPub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202500333
Rosa Giugliano, Carla Zannella, Annalisa Chianese, Clementina Acconcia, Alessandra Monti, Roberta Della Marca, Ugo Pagnini, Serena Montagnaro, Nunzianna Doti, Carla Isernia, Massimiliano Galdiero, Filomena Fiorito, Luigi Russo, Valentina Iovane, Anna De Filippis
{"title":"Pantinin-Derived Peptides against Veterinary Herpesviruses: Activity and Structural Characterization.","authors":"Rosa Giugliano, Carla Zannella, Annalisa Chianese, Clementina Acconcia, Alessandra Monti, Roberta Della Marca, Ugo Pagnini, Serena Montagnaro, Nunzianna Doti, Carla Isernia, Massimiliano Galdiero, Filomena Fiorito, Luigi Russo, Valentina Iovane, Anna De Filippis","doi":"10.1002/cmdc.202500333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.202500333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal viral infections represent a growing public health concern, as animals serve as reservoirs for pathogens, threatening food safety, biodiversity, and human health. In response, novel antiviral strategies are urgently needed. This study investigates the antiviral activity and structural properties of two antimicrobial peptides, pantinin-1 and pantinin-2, both derived from the venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator, against caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1). The results obtained from the plaque reduction assay and the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) indicate that synthetic pantinin-mimetic peptides exhibited potent antiviral effects at concentrations ranging from 6-25 µM, impairing viral infectivity through direct virucidal action and inhibition of the viral entry and fusion with host cell. To characterize their structural behavior, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is performed in aqueous and membrane-mimetic environments (trifluoroethanol (TFE)/H<sub>2</sub>O). In aqueous solution, both peptides predominantly adopted random coil conformations, with pantinin-2 showing greater secondary structure propensity. In TFE/H<sub>2</sub>O, both peptides transitioned to α-helical structures, which are often associated with membrane interaction and antiviral activity. These findings demonstrate that pantinin-1 and pantinin-2 possess promising antiviral properties, supporting their potential development as therapeutic agents against herpesviruses and other animal viral infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":147,"journal":{"name":"ChemMedChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202500333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemMedChemPub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202500577
Nam Q H Doan, Huyen T T Nguyen, Hoang-Thuc Huynh, Tuyen Ngoc Truong
{"title":"Curcumin Analogs Containing Pyrazole-Pyridine Hybrids as Novel Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis Induction, and Molecular Modeling.","authors":"Nam Q H Doan, Huyen T T Nguyen, Hoang-Thuc Huynh, Tuyen Ngoc Truong","doi":"10.1002/cmdc.202500577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.202500577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, curcumin analogs have not only demonstrated potent anticancer activities but have also addressed several limitations of curcumin itself, thereby remaining a promising focus of research within the scientific community. Building upon the findings of our previous studies, structural modifications of potent curcumin analogs fused with 1H-pyrazole are performed by applying the bioisosteric replacement strategy of a benzene ring with a pyridine ring, to develop a series of novel curcumin analogs containing pyrazole-pyridine hybrids (3a-4h) as promising anticancer agents. Among them, curcumin analog 4c emerges as the most potent compound, exhibiting the strongest cytotoxicity against various human cancer cell lines, including HepG2 (liver), MDA-MB-231 (breast), and A549 (lung), as well as significant apoptosis-inducing effects in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, compound 4c is predicted to possess a favorable physicochemical-pharmacokinetic-toxicological profile, as well as an effective binding mode at the colchicine-binding site of the α,β-tubulin heterodimer. Importantly, the bioisosteric replacement in compound 4c is found to exert beneficial effects on its anticancer activities, physicochemical-pharmacokinetic-toxicological properties, and binding affinity, in comparison with its parent compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":147,"journal":{"name":"ChemMedChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202500577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Advances on Transition Metal Sulfides for Key Components of Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.","authors":"Jingxuan Chen, Tingting Sun, Junliang Liu, Hao Yu, Qisheng Zang, Tong Yuan, Fuqin Zhang","doi":"10.1002/advs.202512191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202512191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), renowned for their cost-effectiveness and high energy density, stand out as highly promising energy storage solutions with substantial application potential. Nevertheless, the shuttle effect-caused by the migration of polysulfides between cathode and anode-severely hampers their practical implementation. Extensive research has demonstrated that transition metal sulfide (TMS) catalysts can effectively mitigate this shuttle phenomenon. In LSBs, the cathode, anode, and separator represent pivotal components, and their properties play a decisive role in determining the electrochemical performance. As such, current mainstream modification strategies mainly target these three key areas. Therefore, this review focuses on the latest advances in the application of TMSs in key components of LSBs. It systematically analyzes the core issues currently faced, deeply elaborates on the roles and shortcomings of different TMS modification methods and their application approaches in various LSB components, and discusses the underlying mechanisms. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes potential solutions and research directions, hoping to provide references for researchers in related fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e12191"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sulfur Supplementation Potentiates the Formation of Meat Aroma Compounds in Thermally Treated Chicken Carcass Hydrolysate","authors":"Xing Zhang, Sidi Ma, Shao-Quan Liu","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.70564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70564","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chicken carcass is a side stream of poultry processing and can be transformed into chicken sauce via hydrolysis and heat treatment. However, the sauce has weaker meaty aroma intensity due to deficiency of sulfur-containing (S-containing) amino acids. In this study, three different S-containing precursors (cysteine, onion, and djenkol bean) were selected for supplementation into chicken carcass hydrolysate to boost the generation of meaty aroma compounds. Cysteine was found to promote the formation of key meaty volatiles like 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and 2-furfurylthiol. Supplementation of onion or djenkol beans increased the formation of furfuryl methyl sulfide with fresh garlic or onion character aroma. The stable djenkolic acid in djenkol beans likely hindered their effectiveness as a precursor to volatile sulfur compounds. Headspace-solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME–GC–MS) and HS–GC–ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) detected a total of 60 and 49 volatiles, respectively, notably heat-generated aroma-active compounds 1-octen-3-ol, hexanal, and benzaldehyde. This study presents a promising approach to transforming low-value poultry side streams into flavorful condiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"90 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1750-3841.70564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuedan Ma, Jiang Jiang, Haifeng Qian, Yan Li, Mingcong Fan, Li Wang
{"title":"Nutritional Heterogeneity of Dietary Proteins: Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota-Mediated Metabolic Regulation and Health Implications","authors":"Xuedan Ma, Jiang Jiang, Haifeng Qian, Yan Li, Mingcong Fan, Li Wang","doi":"10.1111/1541-4337.70274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70274","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dietary proteins play an essential role in human health, modulating metabolic processes and disease risk through intricate interactions with the gut microbiota. This review focuses on the nutritional heterogeneity of animal- and plant-derived dietary proteins, systematically examining their differential effects on the gut microbiota and host metabolic health, along with the underlying mechanisms. Evidence suggests that, despite limitations such as restricted amino acid profiles and lower digestibility, plant-derived proteins generally enhance the diversity and functionality of beneficial gut microbiota, thereby promoting metabolic health. In contrast, the effects of animal-derived proteins are more complex, with health outcomes varying depending on factors such as protein source, processing methods, and intake levels, leading to diverse physiological responses. A key finding is that the enrichment or suppression of gut microbiota and their metabolic products serves as a critical mediator of the health effects associated with dietary proteins. This review underscores the significance of understanding these differences for optimizing gut health and preventing metabolic diseases through dietary interventions. Looking forward, further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms involved and to explore personalized nutrition strategies, advancing the development of precision health approaches.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":155,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CancerPub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1002/cncr.70082
Rebecca M. Saracino PhD, Ellen Y. Park BA, Hayley Pessin PhD, Nicole Onorato MPH, Margaret V. McDonald MSW, Caraline Demirjian MPH, Elizabeth Schofield PhD, Barry Rosenfeld PhD, William Breitbart MD, Allison J. Applebaum PhD
{"title":"A pragmatic randomized controlled pilot trial of brief meaning-centered psychotherapy in home care","authors":"Rebecca M. Saracino PhD, Ellen Y. Park BA, Hayley Pessin PhD, Nicole Onorato MPH, Margaret V. McDonald MSW, Caraline Demirjian MPH, Elizabeth Schofield PhD, Barry Rosenfeld PhD, William Breitbart MD, Allison J. Applebaum PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with advanced cancer receiving home health care experience elevated psychosocial and existential distress, yet few interventions address these concerns. This pilot randomized controlled trial examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of brief, nurse-delivered, meaning-centered psychotherapy in patients with advanced cancer compared with treatment as usual (TAU).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Distressed patients (aged 18 years and older) were randomized 1:1 to receive either a three-session Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Hospitals, Hospice, and Home (MCP-H; <i>n</i> = 33) or TAU (<i>n</i> = 32). Feasibility was based on recruitment, retention, data completion, fidelity, and intervention engagement. Acceptability was based on patients’ and nurses’ ratings of MCP-H satisfaction. Preliminary efficacy was determined by changes in scores from baseline (T1) to 6 weeks (T2) and 10 weeks (T3) in meaning, and secondary outcomes were assessed using between-group analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy-one patients enrolled. Feasibility was demonstrated by satisfactory recruitment (75% approach-to-consent rate; 92% enroll-to-randomize rate), retention (74% and 75% at T2 and T3, respectively), intervention engagement (94% completed 100% of the sessions), and treatment adherence (87% mean rating). Participants endorsed the intervention’s acceptability (96% satisfied or very satisfied). MCP-H participants experienced improvements in meaning using the Cohen's d (d = 0.59 at T2; d = 0.39 at T3) and most other secondary psychosocial outcomes at 6 and 10 weeks compared with TAU participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MCP-H is feasible and acceptable among patients with advanced cancer in home care. This intervention demonstrated promising evidence of clinical efficacy. A larger, fully powered randomized controlled trial is needed to test the efficacy of the intervention for patients, nurses, and health system outcomes against an active control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yurika Morishita, Ryosuke Takata, Asuka Higo, Aya Yoshida, Hiroyuki Tsuji
{"title":"Whole-tissue 3D immunostaining of shoot apical meristems in rice at single-cell resolution","authors":"Yurika Morishita, Ryosuke Takata, Asuka Higo, Aya Yoshida, Hiroyuki Tsuji","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70470","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The shoot apical meristem (SAM) produces all above-ground organs of plants and is thus a central focus of plant developmental biology. Developmental processes in the SAM are regulated by various factors that control gene expression at the cellular level. Key among these are the chemical modifications of the N-terminal tails of histones, which are essential components of nucleosomes and chromatin that play crucial roles in these processes. While immunostaining is a valuable method for the spatial analysis of histone modifications, its application to the SAM has posed technical challenges. Here, we developed a three-dimensional immunostaining method for rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) SAMs at single-cell resolution using a permeabilization process with specific cell wall degrading enzymes, along with the iTOMEI clearing technique (Sakamoto et al. [2022] <i>Communications Biology</i>, 5, 12). We detected clear signals throughout the deeper tissue layers, allowing us to visualize histone modifications associated with both active and repressive chromatin states, as well as M phase–specific modifications localized on chromosomes. The repressive modifications H3K9me2 and H3K27me3 exhibited punctate patterns within the nuclei, whereas the modifications linked to transcriptional activity were more diffusely distributed. Double staining showed that H3K9me2 forms a peripheral layer around a central domain enriched in H3K4me1. A comparative analysis of SAMs during the vegetative and reproductive phases indicated that active modifications persisted across both phases, whereas repressive modifications increased during the reproductive phase. Our protocol facilitates the three-dimensional visualization of chromatin states in the SAM, offering a robust tool for exploring the spatial regulation of plant development at the single-cell level.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced SciencePub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1002/advs.202506466
Saumya Jain, Avijit Baidya, Joshua A Boys, George Z Cheng, Taichiro Imahori, Naoki Kaneko, Nasim Annabi
{"title":"Molecular Design of a Naturally Derived Hemostatic Sealant with Prolonged Antimicrobial Activity for Repairing Elastic Organ Injuries.","authors":"Saumya Jain, Avijit Baidya, Joshua A Boys, George Z Cheng, Taichiro Imahori, Naoki Kaneko, Nasim Annabi","doi":"10.1002/advs.202506466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202506466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemorrhaging injuries on dynamic internal organs present significant clinical burdens due to their complex nature. To address therapeutic challenges, an injectable, photocrosslinkable, and multifunctional bioadhesive hydrogel comprising methacrylated gelatin (GelMAG), methacrylated dopamine (DMA), and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (pDDA), named GDP, is engineered. The hydrogel combined underwater adhesion, antimicrobial activity, and hemostatic performance with high elasticity, biomimetic stiffness, and biocompatibility. The GDP hydrogel displayed >200% elongation and ≈50 kPa Young's modulus in tensile tests. The bioadhesive strongly adhered (>40 kPa strength) to skin, outperforming commercial sealants Coseal and Evicel, and could seal various sizes and shapes of injuries created on explanted pig lungs. Broad-spectrum and long-term in vitro antibacterial activity is noted. During in vivo rat liver puncture and tail amputation, GDP achieved significantly reduced blood loss (≈65%) compared to commercial hemostat Surgicel in some cases. In a clinically relevant porcine lung laceration model, GDP sealed large defects and reduced blood loss by 45-55% compared to Surgicel and hemostatic sealant TISSEEL. It also supported enhanced wound closure and tissue regeneration with minimal inflammation. Ultimately, these findings showcased the potential of GDP to act as an elastic, antibacterial, and hemostatic sealant for the repair of multi-dimensional traumatic injuries on soft, dynamic tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e06466"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemMedChemPub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202500470
Gaurav Sheth, Shailesh R Shah, Prabal Sengupta, Tushar Jarag, Sabbirhusen Chimanwala, Kalapatapu V V M Sairam, Vaibhav Jain, Rashmi Talwar, Avinash Dhanave, Mehul Raviya, Harendra Jha, Rajasekhar Reddy Chilakala, Trinadha Rao Chitturi
{"title":"Strategic Design and Development of Indole-Based Compounds as Potent malic Enzyme 3 Inhibitors for Pancreatic Tumor Therapy.","authors":"Gaurav Sheth, Shailesh R Shah, Prabal Sengupta, Tushar Jarag, Sabbirhusen Chimanwala, Kalapatapu V V M Sairam, Vaibhav Jain, Rashmi Talwar, Avinash Dhanave, Mehul Raviya, Harendra Jha, Rajasekhar Reddy Chilakala, Trinadha Rao Chitturi","doi":"10.1002/cmdc.202500470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.202500470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malic enzyme 3 (ME3) plays a critical role in the survival of SMAD4<sup>-/-</sup>/ME2<sup>-/-</sup> pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells by supporting energy production and maintaining redox homeostasis. Therefore, targeting ME3 with small-molecule inhibitors presents a promising therapeutic strategy for PDAC patients with SMAD4/ME2 deletions. Building upon our previously developed ME3 inhibitor, a systematic exploration of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) was undertaken to identify novel chemotypes. This effort led to the discovery of a new series of indole-substituted piperazine carboxamides with potent ME3 inhibitory activity, among which compound 13 emerged to be the most effective in PDAC cell lines. Furthermore, the synergistic effects of the newly identified compound 13 with the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor trametinib were evaluated on Hs766T cells which revealed a significant synergism of this combination.</p>","PeriodicalId":147,"journal":{"name":"ChemMedChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202500470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant BiologyPub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1111/plb.70103
K Suetsugu, H Okada
{"title":"Mycorhizomes and ectomycorrhizal associations facilitate a mycoheterotrophic nutritional mode in the green orchid Cymbidium kanran.","authors":"K Suetsugu, H Okada","doi":"10.1111/plb.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutritional modes in mature orchids range from complete autotrophy to full mycoheterotrophy. Within the genus Cymbidium, interspecific variation in the degree of mycoheterotrophy has been documented, yet intraspecific variation remains poorly understood. Intriguingly, some green Cymbidium species often possess mycorhizomes (coralloid rhizomes), structures commonly found in fully mycoheterotrophic orchids, and morphologically similar to fully mycoheterotrophic seedlings (protocorms). This study examines Cymbidium kanran individuals with and without mycorhizomes to assess whether these specialized subterranean structures enhance fungal carbon acquisition through the use of stable isotope analyses (δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N) and high-throughput metabarcoding techniques. Cymbidium kanran with mycorhizomes exhibit significantly elevated δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N compared to autotrophic reference species and congeneric individuals lacking mycorhizomes. The mycorhizome-bearing plants are partially mycoheterotrophic, obtaining nearly half of their carbon from fungi. The degree of mycoheterotrophy is similar to that of other partially mycoheterotrophic Cymbidium species, such as C. lancifolium and C. goeringii. Fungal community profiling revealed that mycorhizome-bearing C. kanran individuals mostly associate with ectomycorrhizal fungi, such as Sebacinaceae, whereas individuals lacking mycorhizomes primarily recruit non-ectomycorrhizal rhizoctonia fungi. Notably, this morphological and nutritional plasticity parallels patterns observed in other orchid lineages, such as Cremastra and Oreorchis, which associate with wood-decay fungi. The findings strongly suggest that persistent protocorm-like mycorhizomes enhance fungal carbon uptake in partially mycoheterotrophic orchids associated not only with wood-decaying fungi but also with ectomycorrhizal fungi. These insights expand understanding of orchid nutritional strategies and highlight how intraspecific morphological plasticity may contribute to the evolution of mycoheterotrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}