Wiley最新文献

{"title":"Controllable Assembly of Planar Defect-Rich Bimetallic Oxide Interfaces for Efficient Ammonia Production.","authors":"Xiaoyu Luan, Lu Qi, Shuya Zhao, Zhaoyang Chen, Yurui Xue","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NitRR) is a promising dual-functional strategy for carbon-free ammonia synthesis and sustainable wastewater treatment. The complexity of the eight-electron/nine-proton transfer process in the NitRR highlights the need for improved catalysts to optimize reaction pathways and suppress competitive side reactions. Herein, the successful growth of CuCo₂O_x nanowires with tailored defect structures is reported with the assistance of graphdiyne (GDY) through an atomic-level heterointerface engineering strategy. The synergistic interactions between GDY electron-rich sp-C atoms and electron-deficient bimetallic atoms induce self-optimized planar defects along nanowires and accelerate interfacial charge transfer via metal‒carbon covalent hybridization. These properties significantly facilitate dynamic NO₃ ^- adsorption-activation and completely suppress byproduct formation via intermediate stabilization. As a result, CuCo₂O_x/GDY exhibites a remarkable NitRR performance of 100% Faradaic efficiency (FE), a record-high NH₃ yield rate (Y_NH3, 3332 µg cm^-2 h^-1) at an ultralow operational potential (-0.132 V vs RHE), no side reactions, and long-term durability. This work pioneers atomic-level interface engineering in GDY-based systems, establishing a general method for synthesizing high-performance electrocatalysts in sustainable nitrogen cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500957"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving Weight Loss When Practicing Time-Restricted Eating: A Longitudinal Study of Experiences Among Individuals With Overweight.","authors":"Natasja Bjerre, Nana Folmann Hempler, Nanna Veje, Åsa Audulv, Kristine Færch, Jonas Salling Quist, Lotte Holm","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored experiences with time-restricted eating (TRE) and weight loss in the RESET trial, including 3 months of intervention and 3 months of follow-up. Participants were living with overweight and at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Data included semi-structured interviews and body weight measurements at baseline, post-intervention and follow-up. Participants were grouped based on relative weight loss: (1) High weight loss (median -5.1% (range: -2.4% to -7.1%)) (n = 6), (2) moderate weight loss (median -1.1% (-1.4% to -0.7%)) (n = 7) and (3) low/no weight loss (median +0.8% (range: -0.2% to +3.4%)) (n = 7). Second, interviews were analysed longitudinally, applying content analysis. The concept of career was used to analyse TRE preparation, initiation, continuation and maintenance. Participants who achieved high weight loss when practicing TRE had structured daily routines, consistent meal patterns and strong social support from partners. They adapted quickly to TRE and maintained/furthered their weight loss during follow-up. Although weight loss was an initial motivator for all, participants motivated by health benefits found TRE easier and achieved better weight loss results than those overly focused on losing weight. Participants who achieved moderate weight loss faced TRE challenges due to inconsistent routines and motivations, often switching to 'traditional dieting' during follow-up. Participants who achieved low or no weight loss struggled with irregular routines, low social support, guilt when exceeding the eating window and viewing weight loss as an all-or-nothing goal of TRE, making it unmaintainable. In conclusion, successful TRE practice for weight loss requires greater flexibility in the concept, tailored guidance to adapt daily routines and strengthening social support.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast and Female Genital Tract Cancers: Overlooked Potential and Unexplored Frontiers","authors":"Kristijan Skok,&nbsp;Umberto Maccio,&nbsp;Spencer D. Martin,&nbsp;Konstantin Bräutigam","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The growing success of cancer immunotherapies has led to significant advances in oncology. However, despite these promising developments, cancer-related mortality remains high for common cancer types such as breast and lower female genital tract cancers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we synthesize recent findings on the prognostic relevance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast, endometrial, tubo-ovarian, and vulvar cancer. Our analysis covers the relationship between TIL counts and density, immune cell subtype combinations, immunotherapy approaches, and patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High TIL infiltration, especially CD8⁺ T-cells, generally correlates with improved outcomes such as in endometrial cancer (especially the <i>POLE</i>-ultramutated subgroup), invasive breast cancer, and ovarian epithelial tumors. However, in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast, elevated TIL counts are linked to a worse prognosis. Ethnicity, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and molecular profiles further complicate the prognostic utility of TILs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TIL-based therapies have shown potential in personalized immunotherapy, particularly in recurrent, refractory ovarian cancer. Limited research on rarer gynecologic tumors hinders broader clinical applications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 142, Issue 31","authors":"Hajime Kishi,&nbsp;Takemasa Mototsuka,&nbsp;Souta Shigemura,&nbsp;Shunsuke Hayashi,&nbsp;Takeshi Kakibe,&nbsp;Satoshi Matsuda","doi":"10.1002/app.54199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.54199","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the article <i>Effect of Polymerization-Induced Phase Separation on Flame Retardancy of Cyanate Ester/Polyethersulfone Blends and Thermal Conductivity of Composites With Graphite Fillers</i> by Hajime Kishi et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/app.57266.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/app.54199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Single-Side Deafness on Listening Effort: A Prospective Comparative Study","authors":"Wenwen Su,&nbsp;Yuqi Xia,&nbsp;Caifeng Xia,&nbsp;Yue Zhang,&nbsp;Yanmei Zhang,&nbsp;Yuhe Liu","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single-sided deafness (SSD) impairs sound source localization and speech recognition in noisy environments, requiring greater listening effort from affected individuals. Using pupillometry, this study aimed to investigate listening effort across two cognitive dimensions: selective attention and working memory in patients with SSD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-six participants were divided into a unilateral deafness (SSD) group and a normal hearing (NH) group. They completed two tests involving word and sentence recognition tasks, with accuracy and pupil diameter changes serving as indicators of listening effort and cognitive resource allocation. The main pupillary indices calculated and analyzed were baseline pupil diameter, peak value, and mean diameter.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that auditory threshold and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) significantly influenced the accuracy of behavior. Pupillometry results for selective attention revealed a progressive increase in pupil diameter in the SSD group after the alert period of listening, with levels significantly higher than that of the NH group. During working memory tasks, participants with SSD demonstrated an initial increase in pupil diameter, followed by a decline throughout the task, suggesting persistent cognitive strain and potential fatigue.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with SSD exert greater listening effort during daily communication. The findings emphasize the importance of personalized rehabilitation strategies targeting speech perception and auditory comfort to enhance communication outcomes and overall well-being for patients with SSD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>4</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The State of Exercise-Based Dysphagia Intervention in the Literature: A Scoping Review","authors":"Claire Crossman,&nbsp;Serena Piol,&nbsp;D'manda Price,&nbsp;Kelly Veit,&nbsp;Sonja M. Molfenter","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exercise-based interventions for dysphagia are frequently recommended in the clinical setting. We aim to characterize the state of the dysphagia treatment literature to provide a high-level overview on four domains: Study characteristics, patient populations, exercise characteristics, and outcome measures reported. This review acts as an initial step in analyzing the proposed gap between research and clinical practice patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A search strategy was executed across five databases to capture publications evaluating the impact of exercise-based interventions on swallow function. After removing duplicates, 20,583 abstracts were screened for inclusion, with 505 studies eligible for full-text review. After applying exclusionary criteria, information was extracted from 204 publications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results indicate that studies are predominantly prospective (88%) and often randomized controlled trials (44%) typically completed in the outpatient setting (59%). Most studies represent homogenous patient groups (88%) with an average age of 64 years. Exercise paradigms average 40 days in length. Forty-six target exercises are reported, with Effortful Swallow being the most common (37%). Forty percent of studies evaluate the efficacy of a single exercise in isolation, followed by a combination approach of 4+ exercises (34%) and 2–3 exercises (26%). Thirty-seven different therapeutic devices are reported. Most (65%) studies use instrumental examinations to evaluate treatment efficacy, with 52 unique methods for analysis reported. Further, over 100 unique clinical outcome measures are reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This scoping review highlights many relative strengths in the dysphagia treatment literature (e.g., on parameters related to study design and outcome measures). At the same time, the findings suggest that there is significantly less literature to extrapolate to typical clinical caseloads and practice patterns with respect to patient characteristics, care settings, and exercise characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>I, scoping review of available evidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Mitochondria-Related Genes and Screening of Prognostic Genes in Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Limin Zhu,&nbsp;Xiaowei Huang,&nbsp;Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Jinzu Yang,&nbsp;Zhenye Xu","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mitochondria have been linked with inflammatory colorectal cancer (CRC) development; however, the association between mitochondria-related genes (MRGs) and CRC remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the causal relationship between MRGs and CRC, screen prognostic genes, conduct drug prediction analyses, and investigate the correlations between prognostic genes and immune cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We obtained 1136 MRGs from the MitoCarta3.0 database and analyzed the causal relationship between MRGs expression, methylation, and protein abundance and CRC by Mendelian randomization and sensitivity testing. Prognostic genes were screened via protein–protein interaction networks, enrichment, multi-omics, and survival analyses. Selected key genes were subjected to drug prediction analyses. The prognostic genes and immune cell correlations were explored using Spearman‘s correlation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results indicated that 44 MRGs showed causal relationships with CRC. Six genes (sterol carrier protein2 [SCP2], ATP binding cassette subfamily D member 3 [ABCD3], cytochrome coxidase assembly factor heme A: farnesyltransferase [COX10], mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system subunit 10 [MiCOS 10], glutaryl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase [GCDH], and mitochondrial translational release factor 1-like [MTRF1L] were causally associated with CRC and showed better prognostic significance when their expression levels were high, and there were 106 drugs targeting them. SCP2, ABCD3, MICOS10, GCDH, and MTRF1L were associated with most immune cells, while COX10 was not associated with any of the 96 immune cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The identification of causal MRGs and their prognostic significance provides new insights into mitochondria‘s role in CRC. Drug prediction and immune correlations may guide therapy, but validation in larger cohorts and models is needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals causal associations between specific MRGs and CRC, identifies prognostic genes with therapeutic potential, and clarifies immune cell relationships, advancing CRC pathogenesis understanding and treatment development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Progress of the Long-Term Preservation for Fish Embryos, Female Reproductive Cells, and Tissues","authors":"Wei Qin,&nbsp;Jiaji Pan,&nbsp;Jun Xiao,&nbsp;Hao Feng","doi":"10.1111/raq.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cryopreservation is an effective technique to preserve biomaterials for a very long time period. The long-term preservation techniques benefit the rapid development of the aquaculture industry, such as optimizing the breeding schemes. Currently, many cryopreservation attempts have been conducted on fish embryos and gametes. The cryopreservation of fish sperms is the most successful among these studies due to the simple structure of sperms. However, the cryopreservation of female gametes is developing at a much slower pace. In this work, the techniques and progress related to the cryopreservation of fish embryos, blastomeres, oocytes, testicular tissue, ovarian tissues, and primordial germ cells (PGCs) are introduced. This review first discusses the cryoprotective agents (CPAs) used in the cryopreservation or vitrification of fish embryos and gametes. Then we summarize advanced techniques including the pretreatment, rewarming methods, removal of CPAs, and assessment methods, followed by introducing the preservation results. In the end, some suggestions are raised for the future development of fish embryos, germ cells, and gonadal tissues.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body mass index and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women with and without cardiometabolic diseases: Findings from two prospective cohort studies in Europe","authors":"Emma Fontvieille PhD,&nbsp;Anna Jansana PhD,&nbsp;Laia Peruchet-Noray PhD,&nbsp;Reynalda Córdova PhD,&nbsp;Quan Gan MPH,&nbsp;Sabina Rinaldi PhD,&nbsp;Laure Dossus PhD,&nbsp;Yahya Mahamat-Saleh PhD,&nbsp;Marc J. Gunter PhD,&nbsp;Alicia Heath PhD,&nbsp;Dagfinn Aune PhD,&nbsp;Elif Inan-Eroglu PhD,&nbsp;Matthias B. Schulze DrPH,&nbsp;Niels Bock PhD,&nbsp;Christina C. Dahm PhD,&nbsp;Carlota Castro-Espin PhD,&nbsp;Maria-José Sánchez PhD,&nbsp;Aurora Perez-Cornago PhD,&nbsp;Sandar Tin Tin PhD,&nbsp;Sabina Sieri PhD,&nbsp;Vittorio Simeon PhD,&nbsp;Fulvio Ricceri PhD,&nbsp;Rosario Tumino PhD,&nbsp;N. Charlotte Onland-Moret PhD,&nbsp;Yvonne Koop PhD,&nbsp;Pietro Ferrari PhD,&nbsp;Heinz Freisling PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35911","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adiposity, measured by body mass index (BMI), is a known risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer. However, whether the association of BMI with breast cancer risk differs among women with and without cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) is uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study used individual participant data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and UK Biobank (UKB) that included 168,547 postmenopausal women who were free of cancer, T2D, and CVD at recruitment. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with multivariable-adjusted Cox regression for associations between BMI and incident breast cancer by T2D and CVD status. Incidence rates per 1000 person-years and rate differences between observed and expected joint associations of adiposity and CVD or T2D for breast cancer were estimated. Study-specific estimates were meta-analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After a median follow-up of 10.7 years in EPIC and 10.9 years in UKB, 6793 postmenopausal women developed breast cancer. In the meta-analysis of both cohorts, BMI (per 1-SD increment, 5 kg/m²) was more strongly associated with breast cancer risk in women with CVD (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.47) than in women without CVD (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.16) (<i>p</i>_interaction = .02). T2D did not modify breast cancer risk (<i>p</i>_interaction = .33). The meta-analyzed joint association of overweight or obesity (BMI, ≥25 kg/m²) and CVD led to 1.53 (95% CI, 0.35 to 2.71) more cases of breast cancer per 1000 person-years than expected but no such joint association was observed with T2D.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adiposity-associated risk of breast cancer was substantially higher among women with CVD as compared to those without CVD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic Responses to Anthropogenic Versus Natural Sources of Oil Exposure Differ in Wild Arctic Seabird Populations","authors":"Wing-Zheng Ho,&nbsp;Åsa Lind,&nbsp;Reyd Dupuis-Smith,&nbsp;Frederic Dwyer-Samuel,&nbsp;Samantha Pilgrim,&nbsp;George Gear,&nbsp;Rodd Laing,&nbsp;Gregg Tomy,&nbsp;Mark L. Mallory,&nbsp;Jamie Enook,&nbsp;Yasmeen Zahaby,&nbsp;Jennifer F. Provencher,&nbsp;Rowan D. H. Barrett","doi":"10.1111/eva.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anthropogenic pollution can have detrimental effects on organismal physiology, behavior, and fitness, but the underlying genomic mechanisms mediating these effects are not well understood. Epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation, has been proposed as a potential mechanism mediating these effects, but currently, there are few studies in wild populations. Here, we examined the methylation patterns of liver tissues from black guillemot (<i>Cepphus grylle</i>) in regions of the Canadian Arctic with different histories of exposure to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs)—contaminants associated with hydrocarbons and petrochemicals. As compared to a reference site with minimal PAC exposure, the two sites with exposure to anthropogenic sources of PACs (shipping and spills) shared more differentially methylated regions (DMRs) than they did with the site experiencing chronic exposure to natural PACs (a hydrocarbon seep). Furthermore, we found that guillemots that have been exposed to anthropogenic PACs are characterized by having DMRs with significantly greater ratios of hypermethylated to hypomethylated DNA versus the population experiencing chronic exposure to natural PACs. However, birds from all three sites with elevated PAC exposure shared a core set of DMRs, implying that there are some consistent methylation responses to this family of compounds. Taken together, these results imply that the specific composition and exposure length of PACs can influence the direction of the epigenetic response. The identified DMRs serve as a genomic resource for further research investigating the functional role of DNA methylation in response to anthropogenic oil pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":168,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Applications","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eva.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}