Wiley最新文献

{"title":"Microenvironmental Effects on CO₂ Hydrogenation Over PdZn Alloy Catalysts.","authors":"Jikai Sun, Jianzhong Wu","doi":"10.1002/advs.202509726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202509726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding catalytic reactions under realistic gas-phase conditions is essential for the computational design of next-generation industrial catalysts with enhanced efficiency and selectivity. In this work, a hybrid quantum/classical framework is employed to systematically investigate the effects of partial pressure, temperature, and surface coverage on CO₂ hydrogenation over PdZn alloy catalysts. The multiscale approach incorporates local gas-phase densities and realistic catalyst structures, enabling accurate prediction of reaction selectivity across operating conditions. The results reveal a temperature-dependent shift in pressure response: at low temperatures, increasing pressure favors the COOH pathway, while at elevated temperatures, the HCOO pathway becomes more competitive as pressure increases. This opposite trend reflects a competition of long-range and short-range interactions between gas molecules and intermediates, which evolves nonlinearly with the system pressure. The surface structure further modulates catalyst-environment interactions by altering local gas accessibility, for example, through suppressing CO₂ adsorption while promoting the catalyst binding of smaller molecules like H₂. These findings provide a detailed mechanistic understanding of how catalyst structure and reaction environment jointly regulate free-energy pathways in CO₂ hydrogenation. The transferable strategy of integrating microenvironmental effects into first-principles modeling advances the rational design of catalytic systems for efficient CO₂ utilization and broader chemical transformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e09726"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanisation Facilitates Intrapopulation Dietary Niche Diversity in a Generalist Carnivore","authors":"Tal Caspi,&nbsp;Emily Sit,&nbsp;Monica G. Serrano,&nbsp;Stevi L. Vanderzwan,&nbsp;Katie A. Smith,&nbsp;William Merkle,&nbsp;Deb Campbell,&nbsp;Benjamin N. Sacks","doi":"10.1111/ele.70207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The niche variation hypothesis predicts that members of generalist species are specialists, and that the degree of individual specialisation correlates positively with resource diversity. Urban landscapes are highly heterogeneous in resource distribution; therefore, we predicted urbanisation would be associated with narrower individual dietary niches and greater differentiation among individuals of generalist species. We used stable isotope analysis to compare diets of urban and nonurban coyote (<i>Canis latrans</i>) populations in San Francisco and Marin County, California, USA. Urban coyotes had dietary niches nearly three times narrower than nonurban coyotes and greater among-individual variation in isotope values. Within-individual differences explained 18% of total δ¹³C variation in urban coyotes compared to 58% in nonurban coyotes, and 34% versus 44% of δ¹⁵N variation, indicating stronger individual specialisation in the urban population. Our findings suggest urbanisation facilitates intrapopulation dietary niche diversity by spatially structuring foraging, highlighting the role of human activity in promoting ecological diversification.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanisation Drives the Decoupling, Simplification, and Homogenization of Aquatic and Terrestrial Food Webs","authors":"Kilian Perrelet,&nbsp;Lauren M. Cook,&nbsp;Merin Reji Chacko,&nbsp;Florian Altermatt,&nbsp;Marco Moretti","doi":"10.1111/ele.70212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aquatic and terrestrial communities often co-occur at close distances, enabling biotic interactions across ecosystem boundaries. While such interactions in natural habitats contribute to complex, coupled food webs, their dynamics in engineered and fragmented urban habitats are hardly known. Using environmental DNA metabarcoding and a metaweb approach, we examined food web structure at 54 paired aquatic-terrestrial sites along an urbanisation gradient in Zurich, Switzerland. We found that urbanisation led to simpler, less connected, and more homogeneous food webs by replacing high-trophic-level predators with low-trophic-level basal consumers. This shift towards basal consumers, dependent on distinct aquatic or terrestrial basal resources, subsequently weakened the links between aquatic and terrestrial food webs. Conversely, enhancing habitat quantity and landscape connectivity bolstered predator diversity, promoting vertically diverse, connected, complex, and stable food webs. Our findings reveal that while urbanisation can disrupt aquatic-terrestrial food webs, careful urban habitat planning can enhance biodiversity and food web stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"28 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.70212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaches to Determine the Flavor and Flavor Chemistry of Cocoa Beans and Cocoa Liquor","authors":"V. Chaudhary,&nbsp;G. Mongia,&nbsp;MaryAnne Drake","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.70481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70481","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cocoa liquor is an important raw material for the chocolate manufacturing industry and directly influences the flavor of chocolate. Therefore, it is important to understand cocoa liquor flavor through sensory analysis and the sources of flavor through instrumental analyses. The first part of the review addresses the sensory characteristics of cocoa liquor. The latter two sections address the non-volatile and volatile compounds that influence these sensory characteristics. Approaches to extract volatile compounds from cocoa liquor are addressed along with extraction parameters that have been applied with cocoa liquor and related matrices, and the key extraction parameters that need to be considered for method development. Future work should encompass more studies that use sensory approaches (trained panel profiling and gas chromatography olfactometry) in conjunction with instrumental techniques to understand the flavor and flavor chemistry of cocoa liquor.</p>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"90 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1750-3841.70481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheological, Baking, and Microstructural Properties of Proso Millet-Hydrocolloid-Based Gluten-Free Bread","authors":"Manjot Singh,&nbsp;Akinbode A. Adedeji,&nbsp;Josephine Ampofo,&nbsp;Joseph Woomer","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.70531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70531","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> ABSTRACT</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The demand for high-quality gluten-free (GF) baked goods is rising. Meeting these needs has been a technological challenge due to the limited functionality of GF ingredients. To help address these, a study was conducted to investigate how different levels of hydrocolloids, their combination, and starch type impacted rheological, textural, and physical properties of GF dough and breads developed with proso millet. The results indicate that hydrocolloid-formulations increased values of storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli with lower shift angle (tan <i>δ</i>) values. Also, hydrocolloid formulated GF bread showed reduced specific volume (1.88–2.88 mL/g), compared to wheat bread (3.58 mL/g). Additionally, all hydrocolloid formulations with 50% millet starch reported higher values for crust lightness (72.23–75.86) than wheat flour (43.86), with their respective formulations showing a negative shift to redness at both 2% and 3% gum levels. Storage studies showed significant reductions in bread firmness, although this observation was not influenced by hydrocolloid type and formulation level, but vice versa with respect to starch type, where corn/potato and millet starches produced the highest and lowest firmness, respectively. Overall, our results demonstrated that the comparative combination of hydrocolloids and starch with proso millet flour can help develop high-quality GF bread.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Practical Applications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The knowledge of how millet flour, a type of gluten-free ingredient, interacts with hydrocolloids and different types of starch is critical to improving the quality attributes of GF bread. This study provides insight into how various GF ingredients modulate the quality attributes of GF bread. The practicality of this is for the GF food industry, which is looking for new ingredients, and the consumer base that is seeking unique and varied GF products.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"90 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enniatin Mycotoxins in Food: A Systematic Review of Global Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Toxicological Impacts on In Vitro Human Cell Models","authors":"France Coulet,&nbsp;Nolwenn Hymery,&nbsp;Emmanuel Coton,&nbsp;Monika Coton","doi":"10.1111/1541-4337.70270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70270","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Enniatins (ENNs) are emerging mycotoxins mainly produced by <i>Fusarium</i> species. They frequently contaminate cereals and cereal-based products. Despite their widespread occurrence, these mycotoxins are not yet regulated, but concerns about their potential health effects due to dietary exposure exist. The most prevalent and well-characterized are ENN A, A1, B, and B1. Their ionophoric nature enables them to disrupt cellular ion homeostasis, leading to potent cytotoxic effects. This review is structured into three major sections. First, we provide a comprehensive meta-analysis based on ENNs occurrence in 6916 food samples collected worldwide, between 2004 and 2024, including cereals, products derived from cereals, other products, and baby food and discuss mycotoxin mitigation. Second, we indicate known ENN-producing <i>Fusarium</i> species and performed a gene sequence analysis suggesting that a dedicated biosynthetic gene cluster exists. Finally, we provide an in-depth overview of ENNs toxicity, ranging from cytotoxicity studies to mechanistic insights into their cellular effects. By consolidating current knowledge, this review highlights critical gaps in ENN research and emphasizes the need for further investigations to better understand their health impacts in a regulatory framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":155,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1541-4337.70270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid Crystal-Driven Chemical Feeding Accelerates Condensation Reactions in Droplet Microreactors.","authors":"Yang Xu, Alan H Weible, Meng Zhang, Weichen Deng, Jen-Chun Fang, Xiaoguang Wang","doi":"10.1002/advs.202504133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202504133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Droplet microreactors have gained significant attention as confined spaces for chemical reactions, offering enhanced reaction rates and control. However, the impact of mass transfer induced by chemical feeding within these microreactors remains largely unexplored. In this study, a novel approach is demonstrated using liquid crystal (LC) phase transitions to feed chemicals from a bulk LC film to droplet microreactors situated on the LC film. By manipulating LC mesophases, precise control is achieved over the solubility of chemicals within the bulk LC, enabling both in situ loading and controlled release. The results reveal that while droplet confinement inherently enhances reaction rates, the chemical feeding further improves mass transport within the droplet microreactors. This synergistic effect leads to a remarkable acceleration of chemical reactions, with conversion rates up to nine times higher than conventional bulk reactions. Furthermore, the broad applicability of this approach is demonstrated across various aldehyde reactions, the reusability of the LC films for multiple reaction cycles, and multi-step microscale synthesis within a single droplet microreactor. These findings establish the LC system as an innovative platform for chemical feeding, substantially expanding the performance and utility of droplet microreactors for diverse chemical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e04133"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Buried Interfaces in Perovskite Solar Cells: Core Issues, Strategic Engineering, and Prospects for High-Efficiency Stable Devices.","authors":"Peng Mao, Weihui Bi, Jun Lv, Zongbao Zhang, Bing Wang, Yufei Zhong","doi":"10.1002/advs.202512523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202512523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a frontrunner in photovoltaic technologies, owing to their high performance and low-cost scalability. However, their efficiency remains substantially below the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limit (>30%), and their long-term stability is severely compromised; both are predominantly driven by interface-related issues. Compared to the top interface, buried interfaces are equally important, if not more important, effects on perovskite film quality and device performance. This review comprehensively analyzes challenges at buried interfaces, including defects, terminations, strain, carrier dynamics, and chemical reactions, with special focus on self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based devices and textured interfaces in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Targeted modification strategies such as defect passivation, strain control, carrier transport modulation, and inhibition of adverse reactions are proposed to mitigate these issues. Finally, research prospects for optimizing buried interfaces are outlined, including advanced in situ characterizations, novel charge transport materials, and innovative interface engineering to enhance PSC performance and stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e12523"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing a Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Lead Extraction Program in a Resource-Limited Setting","authors":"Giselle G. Gervacio,&nbsp;Jhobeleen D. De Leon,&nbsp;Michael Joseph C. Agbayani,&nbsp;Paula Victoria Cheng-Bromeo,&nbsp;Tam Adrian P. Aya-ay,&nbsp;Jonaiha G. Rangiris,&nbsp;Richard S. Nicolas,&nbsp;Felix Eduardo R. Punzalan,&nbsp;John C. Añonuevo","doi":"10.1002/joa3.70163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/joa3.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rising number of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantations in Asia is expected to increase CIED-related infections and lead malfunctions. Establishing a lead extraction program is therefore essential. We describe the set-up and early implementation of the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH) Lead Extraction Program.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management were collected, along with details on resources, personnel, and workflows. A descriptive analysis was performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The UP-PGH Lead Extraction Program was launched on September 1, 2023. Key components-including personnel training, equipment procurement, hospital support, and workflow development-were successfully implemented. Within the first year, four procedures (eight leads) were completed (mean patient age: 60.75 years; lead dwell time: median of 6.2 years [IQR 10.15]; indication: infected pacemaker and ICD leads). All leads were completely removed without complications. The workflow included a structured preoperative process, including risk assessment, required investigations, antibiotic initiation, and subspecialty input. Intraoperative procedure included workflow optimization, materials readiness, and complication monitoring, which were prioritized during lead extraction. Post-procedure care involved completion of antibiotic treatment, culture processing, device reimplantation, and follow-up. These measures enabled safe lead removal by an electrophysiologist-led extraction team.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This successful launch of the UP-PGH Lead Extraction Program demonstrated that developing countries can feasibly establish such programs with well-defined workflows and adequate resource planning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arrhythmia","volume":"41 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/joa3.70163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Community Associations With Listeria monocytogenes in Food Processing Environments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Jack Burnett,&nbsp;David Buckley,&nbsp;Dale A. Grinstead,&nbsp;Haley F. Oliver","doi":"10.1111/1541-4337.70277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> persistence in food processing environments challenges current understanding of microbial community dynamics. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined peer-reviewed studies that screened for <i>Listeria</i> spp. and performed culture-independent metagenomics on FPE surface samples. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Food Science and Technology Abstracts databases, screening 464 studies, with 73 qualifying for full-text review. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria for final analysis, encompassing 1659 environmental samples from meat processing (<i>n</i> = 4 studies) and produce facilities (<i>n</i> = 3 studies).</p><p>Meta-analysis using random effects models revealed no significant correlation between <i>Listeria</i> presence and overall microbial community alpha diversity (Shannon: z = −0.89, <i>p</i> = 0.40; inverse Simpson and Chao1 indices similarly non-significant). This finding challenges previous assumptions about the relationship between microbial diversity and pathogen persistence.</p><p>Differential abundance analyses identified three genera most frequently associated with <i>Listeria</i> presence across multiple studies: <i>Pseudomonas</i>, <i>Psychrobacter</i>, and <i>Acinetobacter</i>. These Gammaproteobacteria are characterized as aerobic biofilm formers capable of growth at refrigeration temperatures. One study using rigorous mixed-effects modeling identified <i>Veillonella</i> as significantly associated with <i>L</i>. <i>monocytogenes</i> presence, suggesting potential anaerobic niche interactions within biofilm communities. Synthesis of metabolic capabilities reported in the literature suggests these associated genera may provide structural biofilm matrices and potentially complementary metabolic functions that could facilitate <i>L</i>. <i>monocytogenes</i> survival in FPE conditions. However, the genus-level resolution of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data and methodological variations across studies limit definitive conclusions about specific metabolic interactions. These findings indicate that <i>L</i>. <i>monocytogenes</i> persistence appears to be associated with specific microbial partners rather than overall community diversity metrics. Understanding these ecological relationships may inform targeted control strategies focusing on biofilm-forming genera that create favorable conditions for <i>Listeria</i> survival in food processing environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":155,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1541-4337.70277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}