IF 5.7 2区医学

International Journal of Cancer Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.70032

Siyao He, Jingjing Wen, Zhongqing Zou, Linfeng Li, Xiaohui Zhao, Xiang Liu, Hongmei Luo, Jingcao Huang, Ziyue Mi, Yue Zhang, Qianwen Gao, Haonan Yang, Yu Feng, Xinyu Zhai, Fangfang Wang, Ting Niu, Li Zhang, Yuhuan Zheng

{"title":"Beneficial effects of aerobic exercises on multiple myeloma: Mechanisms and clinical observations.","authors":"Siyao He, Jingjing Wen, Zhongqing Zou, Linfeng Li, Xiaohui Zhao, Xiang Liu, Hongmei Luo, Jingcao Huang, Ziyue Mi, Yue Zhang, Qianwen Gao, Haonan Yang, Yu Feng, Xinyu Zhai, Fangfang Wang, Ting Niu, Li Zhang, Yuhuan Zheng","doi":"10.1002/ijc.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70032","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic malignancy, have shown inconclusive results regarding the role of exercise in treatment. This study evaluated the relationship between physical exercise and MM treatment outcomes. In the 5T-MM mouse model, tumor-bearing mice underwent treatment that included bortezomib and dexamethasone alongside 6 weeks of low- or moderate-intensity treadmill aerobic training. Tumor burden and survival data were recorded. Additionally, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 65 MM patients undergoing maintenance therapy at West China Hospital from 2013 to 2024. Patients were categorized based on their adherence to the World Health Organization (WHO) physical activity guidelines, and progression-free survival and progression-free survival in maintenance therapy were analyzed. In the mouse model, the combination of dual-drug therapy and exercise improved outcomes, extending survival by more than 10 days. Aerobic exercises reduced regulatory T cells and increased NK cells in the peripheral blood of mice. In the exercise group of mice, myokines IL-15 and irisin were up-regulated, implying both myokines could contribute to the regulation of anti-MM immunity. In the patient study, patients who met the WHO physical activity recommendations demonstrated significantly better progression-free survival (PFS) and progression-free survival in maintenance treatment (PFSm). Overall, appropriate aerobic exercises may benefit some MM patients, suggesting a potential for exercise as an adjunct in MM treatment.","PeriodicalId":180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Activatable Enzymatic Nanoplatform Incorporated into Microneedle Patch for Relieving Tumor Hypoxia Augmented Photodynamic Therapy. 可活化酶纳米平台结合微针贴片缓解肿瘤缺氧增强光动力治疗。

IF 27.4 1区材料科学

Advanced Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202504258

Yashi Li, Youyan Li, Gang He, Xingxing Li, Rui Ding, Ruhan Yan, Jing Lin, Peng Huang

{"title":"Activatable Enzymatic Nanoplatform Incorporated into Microneedle Patch for Relieving Tumor Hypoxia Augmented Photodynamic Therapy.","authors":"Yashi Li, Youyan Li, Gang He, Xingxing Li, Rui Ding, Ruhan Yan, Jing Lin, Peng Huang","doi":"10.1002/adma.202504258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202504258","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical advancement of photodynamic therapy (PDT) faces entrenched impediments, particularly the suboptimal solubility of hydrophobic photosensitizers (PSs) and tumor-associated hypoxia. Herein, a universally applicable, carrier-free nanotherapeutic platform is devised in which catalase (CAT) functions dually as a biocatalytic oxygenator and a biocompatible scaffold for PSs encapsulation. Through self-assembly with diverse hydrophobic PSs-including 2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)-2-divinyl-pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH), chlorin e6 (Ce6), and zinc (II)-phthalocyanine (ZnPc)-CAT forms uniform and stable PS@CAT nanoparticles (NPs), obviating the necessity for supplementary nanocarriers. These nanostructures are embedded within microneedle (MN) patches, facilitating minimally invasive, spatially targeted transdermal administration. The PSs bind to the hydrophobic pocket of CAT within NPs, temporarily suppressing its bioactivity, which is restored upon NPs disassembly in the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). This pH-responsive \"OFF-to-ON\" mechanism orchestrates the synchronized release of PSs and reactivation of CAT, which catalyzes endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to generate oxygen (O2), alleviating hypoxia and augmenting O2 availability for PDT. In vivo validation in a 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma model corroborated this approach's therapeutic superiority and biocompatibility. Collectively, the findings delineate a minimalist, multifunctional strategy to simultaneously enhance the bioavailability of PSs and overcome hypoxia in PDT for more efficacious oncologic therapy.","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e2504258"},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Functional Polydopamine-Mucin Hollow Particles Provide Tunable Shell Permeability, ROS Scavenging, Tissue Adhesion, and Lubricity for Biomedical Applications. 多功能聚多巴胺-粘蛋白中空颗粒提供可调的外壳渗透性，活性氧清除，组织粘附性和润滑性，用于生物医学应用。

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202503238

Di Fan, Chiara Gunnella, Yukun Wang, Luca Reichert, Pedro Henrique da Rosa Braun, Jan Torgersen, Oliver Lieleg

{"title":"Multi-Functional Polydopamine-Mucin Hollow Particles Provide Tunable Shell Permeability, ROS Scavenging, Tissue Adhesion, and Lubricity for Biomedical Applications.","authors":"Di Fan, Chiara Gunnella, Yukun Wang, Luca Reichert, Pedro Henrique da Rosa Braun, Jan Torgersen, Oliver Lieleg","doi":"10.1002/smll.202503238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202503238","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to their high drug loading capacity and the option to functionalize their shells, hollow particles (HPs) have emerged as versatile platforms for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, those two key advantages of HPs are not yet well leveraged. Often, the large volume within the shells is not fully utilized as a consequence of the employed drug loading methods, and to date, only a limited range of functionalities can be successfully implemented into the shells of HPs. Here, the self-polymerization and adhesion behavior of dopamine are utilized, for the first time, to fabricate polydopamine (PDA)-mucin HPs using a template-based method. By adopting molecules or ions as \"locks\" to adjust the permeability of the shells, cargo molecules can be trapped within the shells with high encapsulation efficiency. Moreover, owing to the intrinsic properties of PDA and mucins, the shells exhibit multiple functionalities in vitro and ex vivo, including free radical scavenging, tissue adhesion, lubrication, and wear prevention. This study presents a facile method to produce multi-functional PDA-based HPs from a range of (bio)polymers, thus facilitating potential applications of HPs for the treatment of certain diseases, including osteoarthritis and mouth ulcers.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2503238"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ordering the Coordination Environment of Solvated Ionic Liquid Gel Electrolytes: Pathway to High-Efficiency 4.5 V Lithium Metal Batteries. 溶剂化离子液体凝胶电解质配位环境的排序：高效4.5 V锂金属电池的途径。

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202505552

Yufeng Su, Baolin Zhang, Shengguang Qi, Tongmei Ma, Boyong Wu, Yankui Mo, Mianrui Li, Siyuan Peng, Li Du

{"title":"Ordering the Coordination Environment of Solvated Ionic Liquid Gel Electrolytes: Pathway to High-Efficiency 4.5 V Lithium Metal Batteries.","authors":"Yufeng Su, Baolin Zhang, Shengguang Qi, Tongmei Ma, Boyong Wu, Yankui Mo, Mianrui Li, Siyuan Peng, Li Du","doi":"10.1002/smll.202505552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202505552","url":null,"abstract":"Solvated ionic liquids (SILs) are promising candidates for lithium metal battery (LMB) electrolytes owing to their facile synthesis and high safety. However, the high-voltage stability and ionic conductivity of ether-based SILs are compromised by their chaotic coordination structure, characterized by bulky solvation shells and poor oxidation stability. Here, optimizing electrolyte performance is proposed by incorporating weakly coordinating fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and a hydrogen-bond (H-bond)-rich polymer into SILs. FEC occupies the second solvation shell, suppressing large-volume solvation structures and improving ion transfer kinetics, while H-bonds anchor TFSI-, reducing its competitive coordination and suppressing its diffusion. This dual approach inhibits the formation of chaotic structures, leading to the development of a SIL-FEC (SILF) based H-bond gel electrolyte (SFHE) for LMBs, which exhibits high Li+ conductivity and superior oxidative stability. The resulting electrolyte exhibits a high Li+ transference number of 0.65. Furthermore, Li/SFHE/LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) battery can operate stably at a high cut-off voltage of 4.5 V, achieving an impressive capacity retention of ≈80% after 400 cycles at 1C. Additionally, the Li/SFHE/LiFePO4 (LFP) retains 81.8% capacity after 450 cycles at a high rate of 3C at 60 °C. This work provides a strategy for achieving high-voltage LMBs by ordering electrolyte micro-solvation structures.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2505552"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Steric Hindrance Effects of Linear/Branched Saccharides at Ceramic-Modified Zinc Anodes Enable Ultrastable Aqueous Al-Zn Hybrid Ion Batteries. 线性/支链糖在陶瓷修饰锌阳极上的位阻效应使超稳定的铝锌混合离子电池成为可能。

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202506968

Cheng Lu, Zhilong Wang, Jinjin Li, Liangming Wei

{"title":"Steric Hindrance Effects of Linear/Branched Saccharides at Ceramic-Modified Zinc Anodes Enable Ultrastable Aqueous Al-Zn Hybrid Ion Batteries.","authors":"Cheng Lu, Zhilong Wang, Jinjin Li, Liangming Wei","doi":"10.1002/smll.202506968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202506968","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum-based electrolytes and zinc anodes respectively provide aqueous Al-Zn hybrid-ion batteries with high theoretical capacity and reversible plating/stripping behavior. However, parasitic reactions at the zinc anode/aluminum-based electrolyte interface - including dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, and corrosion passivation - significantly limit cycle life and accelerate capacity degradation. Herein, a comparative investigation of the synergistic effects between glucose (a linear monosaccharide) and sucrose (a branched disaccharide) electrolyte additives with the ZnCr₂O₄ interface of PVDF@ZnCr₂O₄@Zn anodes is conducted, specifically examining spontaneous adsorption, steric hindrance, and conductivity enhancement effects on battery performance. The study reveals that glucose, due to its intrinsic properties and lower steric hindrance, exhibits stronger synergistic effects with the ZnCr₂O₄ interface than sucrose, leading to more effective suppression of parasitic reactions and capacity fade. The glucose/sucrose-modified electrolyte enables the battery to achieve exceptional cycling stability (19,000 and 8,000 cycles) while maintaining high specific discharge capacities (267 and 215 mAh g⁻¹). The synergistic effects between these electrolyte additives and the engineered anode interface present promising strategies and theoretical foundations for developing next-generation high-performance batteries.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2506968"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soft Extrudable Dendritic Particles with Nanostructured Tendrils for Local Adhesion and Drug Release to Bladder Cancers. 具有纳米结构卷须的柔软可挤压树突状颗粒用于膀胱癌的局部粘附和药物释放。

IF 27.4 1区材料科学

Advanced Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202505231

Jin Gyun Lee, Joseph Petraccione, Katherine A Trese, Alex C Hughes, Taylor R Ausec, Maren Salzmann-Sullivan, Lih-Jen Su, Matthew T Kim, Sangchul Roh, Andrew P Goodwin, Frances Xiuyan Feng, Thomas W Flaig, C Wyatt Shields

{"title":"Soft Extrudable Dendritic Particles with Nanostructured Tendrils for Local Adhesion and Drug Release to Bladder Cancers.","authors":"Jin Gyun Lee, Joseph Petraccione, Katherine A Trese, Alex C Hughes, Taylor R Ausec, Maren Salzmann-Sullivan, Lih-Jen Su, Matthew T Kim, Sangchul Roh, Andrew P Goodwin, Frances Xiuyan Feng, Thomas W Flaig, C Wyatt Shields","doi":"10.1002/adma.202505231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202505231","url":null,"abstract":"Bladder cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, yet current intravesical drug delivery methods often suffer from poor retention times in the bladder. Gecko feet-like nanomaterials offer the potential to overcome this challenge, however, conventional methods to fabricate high surface area nanomaterials for drug delivery involve complex and expensive manufacturing processes. In this work, a simple fluid flow templating method is reported for manufacturing soft dendritic particles (SDPs) composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with a chitosan coating for enhanced adhesion to epithelial tissues via van der Waals interactions. The biodegradable SDPs encapsulate chemotherapeutic agents and are administered using an alginate hydrogel, enabling precise deposition by extrusion for sustained drug release. The results demonstrate that SDPs adhere to mouse and human cancer cells for several days. The SDPs effectively encapsulate and release several clinically utilized chemotherapeutic drugs such as gemcitabine, docetaxel, and methotrexate, exhibiting superior cancer cell killing in vitro. In murine models, gemcitabine-loaded SDPs instilled into tumor-bearing bladders elicited stronger CD45+ immune cell responses than control groups while maintaining minimal toxicity. This work presents a simple, biomimetic drug delivery platform with prolonged retention and controlled drug release, offering a versatile approach for enhancing therapeutic delivery in epithelial cancer models.","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":"e2505231"},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Luminescent Platform for Thermal Sensing and Imaging Based on Structural Phase-Transition. 基于结构相变的热传感与成像发光平台。

IF 14.3 1区材料科学

Advanced Science Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202508920

Anam Javaid, Maja Szymczak, Malgorzata Kubicka, Vasyl Kinzhybalo, Marek Drozd, Damian Szymanski, Lukasz Marciniak

{"title":"Luminescent Platform for Thermal Sensing and Imaging Based on Structural Phase-Transition.","authors":"Anam Javaid, Maja Szymczak, Malgorzata Kubicka, Vasyl Kinzhybalo, Marek Drozd, Damian Szymanski, Lukasz Marciniak","doi":"10.1002/advs.202508920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202508920","url":null,"abstract":"The luminescent properties of Eu3+ ions are highly sensitive to changes in their local crystal environment. While this feature has been widely studied, its application in thermometers based on thermally induced structural phase transitions is a recent development. These thermometers often suffer from a narrow thermal operating range, prompting the search for new host materials. In this context, Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Eu3+ as a function of temperature and dopant ion concentration. As demonstrated, Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Eu3+ was investigated as a potential candidate. This material undergoes a reversible phase transition from a monoclinic to a trigonal structure, leading to significant changes in both the emission spectra and the luminescence decay of Eu3+ ions. These effects enable the development of both ratiometric and lifetime-based luminescent thermometers, achieving maximum relative sensitivities of 3.4% K-1 and 1.0% K-1, respectively. Furthermore, the thermal operating range can be tuned by adjusting the Eu3+ concentration. Importantly, this study demonstrates, for the first time, temperature imaging using only Eu3+-doped phosphor via a digital camera without the use of optical filters. These results position Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Eu3+ as a promising multifunctional material for advanced applications in contactless temperature sensing and thermal imaging.","PeriodicalId":117,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Science","volume":" ","pages":"e08920"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of an Auxiliary Donor and Ethynyl π-Spacer in a New Phenothiazine Derivative as a Dye for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. 辅助供体和乙基π-间隔剂在染料敏化太阳能电池染料中的作用。

IF 3.9 2区化学

Chemistry - A European Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202501351

Muhammad Faisal Amin, Paweł Gnida, Jan Grzegorz Małecki, Sonia Kotowicz, Radosław Motyka, Ewa Schab-Balcerzak

{"title":"Role of an Auxiliary Donor and Ethynyl π-Spacer in a New Phenothiazine Derivative as a Dye for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.","authors":"Muhammad Faisal Amin, Paweł Gnida, Jan Grzegorz Małecki, Sonia Kotowicz, Radosław Motyka, Ewa Schab-Balcerzak","doi":"10.1002/chem.202501351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202501351","url":null,"abstract":"A new donor-donor-π-acceptor 2-cyano-3-(7-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)-10-ethyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)acrylic acid (PEDCA) has been synthesized in good yield and was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopies. The obtained phenothiazine (PTZ) derivative was explored in dye-sensitized and tandem dye-sensitized solar cells (TDSCs). For reference purposes, the devices based on commercial organometallic dye N719 and a similar PTZ-based dye but without auxiliary donor and ethynyl π-spacer, that is, 2-cyano-3-(10-ethyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)acrylic acid (PEC) were used. The experimental results had also been supported by theoretical calculations performed by employing density functional theory. It was observed that the presence of an auxiliary donor and an ethynyl π-spacer in PTZ unexpectedly decreased the molar absorption coefficient. However, this modification positively influenced the dye loading on the photoanode, which led to a 37% increase in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) compared to the device sensitized with PEC. Further modifications to the device architecture allowed to obtain DSSC with efficiency above 7%. Despite the fact that the molar absorption coefficients of the PEC solution were higher compared to the PEDCA solution, the key issue is the number of dye molecules, which determines the photocurrent obtained, as shown in the following studies.","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202501351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Response to Influenza in Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus), a Potential Wild Reservoir. 灰海豹（Halichoerus grypus）对流感反应的分子机制，一种潜在的野生水库。

IF 4.5 1区生物学

Molecular Ecology Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/mec.70012

Christina M McCosker, Ebru Unal, Alayna Gigliotti, Wendy B Puryear, Jonathan A Runstadler, Kimberly T Murray, Benjamin L King, Kristina M Cammen

{"title":"Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Response to Influenza in Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus), a Potential Wild Reservoir.","authors":"Christina M McCosker, Ebru Unal, Alayna Gigliotti, Wendy B Puryear, Jonathan A Runstadler, Kimberly T Murray, Benjamin L King, Kristina M Cammen","doi":"10.1111/mec.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.70012","url":null,"abstract":"RNA viruses are infamous for their ability to cross species barriers, posing threats to global health and security. Influenza A virus (IAV) is naturally found in avian hosts but periodically spills over into marine wildlife. IAV outbreaks occur in the Northwest Atlantic, but grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) appear to be less susceptible to IAV compared to other species. The subclinical nature of IAV infection in addition to life history factors suggest grey seals are a potential wild reservoir host for IAV. We investigated differential gene expression among grey seals naturally exposed to IAV to elucidate genetic mechanisms involved in grey seal disease resistance. RNA sequencing was conducted on blood samples (N = 31) collected from grey seal pups in Massachusetts, US between 2014 and 2019. Samples were grouped for analysis based on presence/absence of viral RNA and antibodies. In the presence of IAV RNA, we observed widespread down-regulation of genes, including immune genes, potentially as a result of IAV-induced host shutoff. Immune down-regulation occurred in acute stage of IAV infection (+ viral RNA, - antibodies), followed by up-regulation of protein production in peak stage (+ viral RNA, + antibodies), possibly as a result of increased viral replication. Evidence of an activated immune response was observed in late stage of infection (- viral RNA, + antibodies) with up-regulated adaptive immunity genes. We hypothesize that the combination of down- and up-regulated immune gene expression may prevent overstimulation of the immune response, acting as an adaptation in grey seals to resist IAV-associated mortality.","PeriodicalId":210,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"e70012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International Perspectives on the Acceptability of Rangers Shooting at Suspected Criminals Inside Protected and Conserved Areas in Sub-Saharan Africa 在撒哈拉以南非洲的保护区内，护林员向犯罪嫌疑人开枪的可接受性的国际视角

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13112

Lovemore Sibanda, Salum Kulunge, Betty Rono, David Kimaili, Yolanda Mutinhima, Lessah Mandoloma, Steiner Sompeta, Gasto Lyakurwa, Amy Dickman, Shorna Allred, Jessica Tacey, Emily Madsen, Trisha Bhujle, Darragh Hare

{"title":"International Perspectives on the Acceptability of Rangers Shooting at Suspected Criminals Inside Protected and Conserved Areas in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Lovemore Sibanda, Salum Kulunge, Betty Rono, David Kimaili, Yolanda Mutinhima, Lessah Mandoloma, Steiner Sompeta, Gasto Lyakurwa, Amy Dickman, Shorna Allred, Jessica Tacey, Emily Madsen, Trisha Bhujle, Darragh Hare","doi":"10.1111/conl.13112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13112","url":null,"abstract":"Using military-type strategies and equipment to conserve wildlife, also known as militarized conservation, is highly contested. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), one acutely controversial aspect of militarized conservation is when armed rangers shoot at suspected criminals inside protected and conserved areas (PCAs). We quantified perceptions among members of eight international publics on the acceptability of this particularly contentious aspect of militarized conservation, testing whether acceptability depended on the specific crime rangers suspect people of committing. Overall, acceptability of rangers shooting at suspected criminals inside PCAs in SSA was low across all eight publics, but acceptability was generally higher among participants living further away from PCAs in SSA than those living closer to PCAs in SSA. Shooting in self-defense and to prevent poaching were consistently most acceptable across all eight publics. Our findings contribute new comparative evidence about international public perceptions of a very sensitive aspect of PCA management in SSA. This evidence may be useful to decision-makers balancing competing pressures to protect biodiversity, respect local values, and operate with legitimacy in an international context. Our findings are especially relevant in light of international aspirations to simultaneously increase PCAs while respecting the rights and interests of people living in high-biodiversity areas.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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