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{"title":"A single electrolyzer-making amides and α-ketoamides together: A “sweet fusion” of electrocatalysis and chemocatalysis!","authors":"Anantharaj Sengeni","doi":"10.1007/s12039-025-02440-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12039-025-02440-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amides and <i>α</i>-ketoamides are ubiquitous in drugs and fine chemicals. A recent study by Li and co-workers¹ reported a modular electrolysis-paired tandem strategy that produces both families of compounds in a single electrochemical setup by combining cathodic CO₂-to-CO conversion with palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation and anodic iodine-mediated ketoamidation. The system achieves “two birds with one stone” synthesis. This commentary highlights the significance of this study from an electrochemist’s perspective.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>This highlights the recent work by Qing Li and co-workers (<i>Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.</i> <b>2025</b>, 33, e202503440) on the modular synchronous electrosynthesis of amides and <i>α</i>-ketoamides from a broader perspective.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":616,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"137 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Semivariogram Modelling Approach for Predicting Pre-Monsoon Groundwater Fluoride Content in a Fluoride Prone Region of Western Odisha, India","authors":"Krishna Manjari Jena,&nbsp;Prasanta Kumar Patra,&nbsp;Duryadhan Behera,&nbsp;Shreerup Goswami","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08721-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08721-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Groundwater quality assessment is crucial for safe drinking water, especially in fluoride-affected regions. This study examines the spatial variability of groundwater fluoride concentration in the Bargarh Block of Bargarh District, western Odisha, during the pre-monsoon season. A total of 45 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed, revealing fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.20 to 3.35 mg/L, with a mean of 1.51 mg/L. Geostatistical interpolation using Ordinary Kriging was performed with spherical, exponential, and Gaussian semivariogram models. The best-fit model for accurate spatial prediction was identified. The Spherical model performed best, giving the lowest root mean square error (RMSE = 0.647). Using this model, about 175.42 km² of the study area was identified with fluoride levels exceeding the World Health Organization’s safe limit of 1.5 mg/L. This study identified hotspot zones of fluoride contamination and offers valuable input for groundwater management and public health planning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A realistic photon spectra in polarized (gamma gamma ) processes in SANCphot","authors":"Sergey G. Bondarenko,&nbsp;Aidos Issadykov,&nbsp;Lidia V. Kalinovskaya,&nbsp;Andrey A. Sapronov","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14904-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14904-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work presents an approach to improve the precision of polarized photon–photon collisions simulation implemented in the SANCphot package. The basic linear Compton approximation of the incoming photon spectrum is extended to a general energy distribution and a realistic description of circular or linear polarizations as expected to be seen at photon–photon colliders.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14904-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Development of Tannic Acid-Based Flocculants in Sewage and Sludge Treatments: A Crucial Review","authors":"Junfeng Zhang,&nbsp;Yalin Yu,&nbsp;Wenhao Li,&nbsp;Nanwen Zhu,&nbsp;Amin Mojiri,&nbsp;Dongdong Ge","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08727-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08727-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flocculation is a prevalent technique in solid–liquid separation treatment processes. However, the limited applicability and potential for secondary pollution associated with traditional flocculants have prompted increasing interest in natural flocculants in recent years. Among these, tannic acid (TA)-based flocculants have shown promising application prospects with eco-friendly and cost-effective characteristics. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the recent research on the use of TA and its modified forms in sewage handling and sludge dewatering. It examined the various methods of TA modification, efficacy of TA-based flocculants, regulation of process conditions, and the use of chemical reagents in conjunction with TA-based flocculants. Especially, the combination of chemical reagents and modified TA-based flocculants could achieve a reduction rate of over 90% in COD, turbidity, and chromaticity of sewage, and deep dewatering of sludge (moisture of dewatered sludge cake &lt; 60%). It was found that charge neutralization, hydrogen bond, and hydrophobic interaction play a dominant role in TA-based flocculation process. Through the analysis of scale-up aspects and economic feasibility of TA-based flocculants, underscoring the importance of developing sustainable and effective TA-based flocculants for more environmentally friendly sewage and sludge treatment solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and distribution characteristics of potential freezethaw-induced landslides using remote sensing and deep learning: Insights from Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor","authors":"Wenqi Li,&nbsp;Gang Mei,&nbsp;Zuopeng Wang,&nbsp;Nengxiong Xu,&nbsp;Jianbing Peng","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04573-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04573-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Potential freezethaw-induced landslides pose a significant threat to regional ecosystems and the stability of engineering structures. Understanding their spatial distribution and influencing factors is critical for future infrastructure planning on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, the distribution characteristics, driving factors, and influence mechanisms of such landslides remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed deep learning techniques and remote sensing imagery to identify potential freezethaw-induced landslide hazards in the permafrost zone along the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor, and to investigate the environmental variables influencing their distribution. The results indicate that: (1) A total of 131 potential freezethaw-induced landslides were identified, primarily located on the shaded sides of gentle slopes at elevations between 4500 and 5100 m, where near-surface temperatures range from <span>(-4^circ)</span>C to <span>(-1^circ)</span>C. In addition, approximately 73<span>(%)</span> of these hazards are distributed in areas with an average annual precipitation of 300 to 330 mm. (2) Rainfall and slope gradient exert strong control over the spatial distribution of these hazards. Rainwater infiltration increases soil moisture in the permafrost layer and reduces the shear strength of the geomaterials. Moreover, precipitation can accelerate the thawing of the active layer and ground ice, potentially triggering sliding or subsidence on slopes of susceptible gradients. These findings provide important guidance for future infrastructure planning, resource development, and environmentally sustainable development on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable-induced transparency and fast–slow light from atomic ensemble and a yttrium-iron-garnet sphere coupled to microwave cavities","authors":"Qing-hong Liao,&nbsp;Yi-ping Cheng,&nbsp;Shao-cong Deng,&nbsp;Run-zhi Yu","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06910-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06910-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We theoretically investigate a hybrid cavity magnomechanical system with an atomic ensemble. The atomic ensemble is placed in the intersection of two microwave cavities, and a YIG sphere is located at a microwave cavity driven by a weak probe field. The results show that the phenomena of transparency, absorption and amplification windows can be achieved by adjusting the optomechanical interaction between the cavity and atomic ensemble. The microwave photon–atom coupling strength is found to be linearly correlated with the distance of the absorption peaks through measurement. We also found that better transparency can be gained by properly reducing the decay rate of the cavity and atomic ensemble. Further, we explore the group delay of the output field and find that the system enables fast and slow light conversion. Finally, we discover that atomic ensembles contribute to the modulation of the fast and slow light effects and frequency positions. This scheme has potential value in quantum information storage and high-precision measurements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plug-and-Play with 2.5D Artifact Reduction Prior for Fast and Accurate Industrial Computed Tomography Reconstruction","authors":"Haley Duba-Sullivan,&nbsp;Aniket Pramanik,&nbsp;Venkatakrishnan Singanallur,&nbsp;Amirkoushyar Ziabari","doi":"10.1007/s10921-025-01239-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10921-025-01239-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cone-beam X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is an essential imaging technique for generating 3D reconstructions of internal structures, with applications ranging from medical to industrial imaging. Producing high-quality reconstructions typically requires many X-ray measurements; this process can be slow and expensive, especially for dense materials. Recent work incorporating artifact reduction priors within a plug-and-play (PnP) reconstruction framework has shown promising results in improving image quality from sparse-view XCT scans while enhancing the generalizability of deep learning-based solutions. However, this method uses a 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) for artifact reduction, which captures only slice-independent information from the 3D reconstruction, limiting performance. In this paper, we propose a PnP reconstruction method that uses a 2.5D artifact reduction CNN as the prior. This approach leverages inter-slice information from adjacent slices, capturing richer spatial context while remaining computationally efficient. We show that this 2.5D prior not only improves the quality of reconstructions but also enables the model to directly suppress commonly occurring XCT artifacts (such as beam hardening), eliminating the need for artifact correction pre-processing. Experiments on both experimental and synthetic cone-beam XCT data demonstrate that the proposed method better preserves fine structural details, such as pore size and shape, leading to more accurate defect detection compared to 2D priors. In particular, we demonstrate strong performance on experimental XCT data using a 2.5D artifact reduction prior trained entirely on simulated scans, highlighting the proposed method’s ability to generalize across domains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"44 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10921-025-01239-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single and Combined Effects of Microplastics and Cadmium on Oxidative Responses, Antioxidant System and Cadmium Phytoavailability of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris L.).","authors":"Hongfei Yang, Yueqing Wang, Hui Zhou, Jiangning Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00128-025-04131-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-025-04131-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) and cadmium (Cd) are both common contaminants in agro-systems, but research on the synthetic effects remains limited. This study focuses on the eco-physiological responses and assess whether co-contamination of microplastics affects the bioavailability of Cd. Our results found that the co-existing MPs with Cd resulted in a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to the exposure to single MPs. Under the single MPs treatment, MDA content in plants increased first and then decreased with the increase of MPs content. This trend is also manifested in the co-existing polyethylene (PE) with Cd. However, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) co-existing with Cd caused decreases of the content of MDA. The exposure to single polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and co-existing MPs with Cd significantly increased the electrical conductivity of Chinese cabbage, and they showed a fluctuating upward trend, with the increase of the content of added MPs. Both MPs single exposure and co-contaminated with Cd stimulated the antioxidant system, caused in a higher superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities at lower content of MPs (p < 0.05). The addition of MPs was able to alleviate the stress effects of Cd. Under the same content of Cd and MPs, PE treatment absorbed less Cd than PVC. Under co-existing of PE, the absorption of Cd in stems and roots of Chinese cabbage decreased by 16.20% and 9.12% on average, while with co-presence of PVC, it decreased by 14.21% and 4.98% on average. TF and BCF also showed a similar trend. These results unraveled that the relieving effect of PE on Cd stress was better than that of PVC and it has a better retention capacity for heavy metals. PE and PVC can reduce the Cd transport from the root system to the stem and leaf parts. The findings of this study provide reference to further understanding of the effects of MPs and Cd synergies on the plant-soil system, and also offer a physiological and ecological basis for the construction of synergistic governance strategies for new pollutants in agricultural ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"115 5","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of radio-frequency sheath structure in electronegative plasma with Cairns–Tsallis electron distribution","authors":"Mohamed Bouzraa,&nbsp;Abdelhak Missaoui,&nbsp;Morad El Kaouini,&nbsp;Mohamed El Bojaddaini,&nbsp;Hassan Chatei","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01076-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01076-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the behavior of a radio-frequency (RF) plasma sheath comprising electrons, positive ions, and negative ions. The sheath structure is analyzed numerically using a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model coupled to an equivalent circuit. In this model, electrons are described by a Cairns–Tsallis distribution, which accounts for both non-extensive and non-thermal characteristics. Positive ions are modeled as a fluid, while negative ions follow a Boltzmann distribution. An equivalent circuit, consisting of a diode, a capacitor, and a current source connected in parallel, is used to describe the spatio-temporal evolution of the RF sheath properties. The results show that as the electronegativity parameter decreases, the sheath structure becomes significantly influenced by the non-extensivity parameter, the non-thermality parameter, the current amplitude, the electron to negative ion temperature ratio, and the current frequency.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of weathering on the Hoek‒Brown parameters of a syenogranite","authors":"Carolina Crissafe dos Santos Lemos,&nbsp;Eduardo Antonio Gomes Marques,&nbsp;Cibele Cláuver de Aguiar,&nbsp;Flávio Antônio Ferreira,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Dias Baêsso","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04578-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04578-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the geomechanical properties of rocks is essential for predicting their behavior under field stresses. Weathering can significantly affect these properties, impacting the durability and safety of engineering structures over time. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of weathering on the geomechanical properties and intact rock parameters of the Hoek‒Brown failure criterion (<i>m</i>_<i>i</i> and <i>σ</i>_<i>ci</i>) of a syenogranite. An experimental campaign was conducted using samples of a syenogranite collected in the southeast region of Brazil, with rock blocks ranging from sound rock conditions to moderately weathered conditions. Laboratory tests, including physical indices, uniaxial and triaxial compression tests, direct tensile tests, and petrographic analysis, were performed to characterize the material at the alteration levels studied. The results allowed us to conclude that weathering action on the syenogranite significantly influenced all individually evaluated geomechanical properties, but this influence was much more noticeable from slightly weathered to moderately weathered materials. Statistical analysis, including the Tukey test, revealed that geomechanical properties of W1 and W2 are statistically similar, while both differ significantly from W3. Furthermore, determining the Hoek‒Brown envelopes for the assessed alteration degrees led to the conclusion that the behavior of these envelopes and the parameters <i>m</i>_<i>i</i> and <i>σ</i>_<i>ci</i> do not solely depend on the weathering effect but may be influenced by other microstructural factors, such as mineral composition, grain size and fabric, cementing materials, and the weathering degree. Thus, this study advances the understanding of how weathering affects the Hoek‒Brown parameters, contributing valuable knowledge to rock mechanics applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}