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{"title":"Studying the Effects of High-Energy Electrons on Blood Cells and Tumors under Model Conditions","authors":"S. N. Mamaeva,&nbsp;T. E. Gogoleva,&nbsp;M. M. Rychkov,&nbsp;I. V. Vasilyev,&nbsp;G. V. Maksimov,&nbsp;T. A. Krylova","doi":"10.1134/S1062873826702096","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873826702096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using a scanning electron microscope, the morphology of venous blood erythrocytes (red blood cells) of patients diagnosed with breast cancer, which were irradiated with a high-energy electron beam (6 MeV) of a betatron (CMB-8) was studied. Significant changes in the morphology of erythrocytes were observed depending on the dose, and nanoscale structures were identified on the surface of erythrocytes, which persisted after irradiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"90 10","pages":"1970 - 1976"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light Collection Inhomogeneity and Quality Control in Plastic Scintillators Using X-Ray Scanning for SPD Beam–Beam Counter Prototype","authors":"A. M. Zakharov,&nbsp;A. I. Durov,&nbsp;P. E. Teterin,&nbsp;F. A. Dubinin,&nbsp;S. A. Doronin,&nbsp;K. A. Tertyshnaya,&nbsp;D. R. Shafikova,&nbsp;V. P. Ladygin,&nbsp;A. V. Tishevsky,&nbsp;A. Yu. Isupov,&nbsp;S. G. Reznikov,&nbsp;I. S. Volkov","doi":"10.1134/S106287382670187X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106287382670187X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Spin Physics Detector (SPD) experiment at the NICA accelerator complex is designed to study the spin structure of the nucleons in collisions of polarized proton and deuteron beams. A Beam–Beam Counter detector will be employed for local polarimetry and is based on plastic scintillator tiles with signal readout via wavelength-shifting optical fibers, coupled with silicon photomultipliers. The quality of the scintillator tiles directly affects the accuracy and stability of the detection system. We present a method for evaluating scintillator homogeneity, based on step-by-step scanning with a collimated X-ray beam using AMPTEK Mini-X X-ray tube with a silver target and a 2 mm circular collimator. The SiPM current response as a function of the X-ray-tube position was measured using the A7585D power supply with a microammeter, which is part of the CAEN DT5202 system. The data were used to construct response maps across the scintillator-tile surface and were analyzed using dedicated software. The proposed methodology makes it possible to identify local variations in the measured light response, compare tiles, and evaluate their suitability for use in the local polarimetry system.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"90 10","pages":"1814 - 1823"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Irradiation Effects of Tantalum by Charged Particles","authors":"I. E. Alekseev,&nbsp;V. I. Zherebchevsky","doi":"10.1134/S1062873826702084","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873826702084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Post-irradiation effects of metallic tantalum bombarded with proton beams and nuclear reaction products, as well as Ta self-ions knocked out from lattice sites, were investigated using probe emission Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. A methodological approach is proposed for studying post-effect patterns of critical radiation exposure in structural materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"90 10","pages":"1964 - 1969"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The earliest euantiarch from the Pragian (Early Devonian) of Guangnan, Yunnan Province, China.","authors":"Zumin Xian, Qinyuan Xue, Yingtian Zhao, Qiang Li, Min Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02186-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-026-02186-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antiarchs represent a highly specialized clade of early jawed vertebrates adapted to benthic habitats and form a major component of Devonian aquatic ecosystems. Euantiarchs, the most diverse antiarch clade, previously had their earliest record from the Emsian of the Early Devonian in China. They achieved a nearly cosmopolitan distribution during the Middle to Late Devonian. Here, we describe a new euantiarch, Yangfanyu anachoresis gen. et sp. nov., based on articulated specimens from the Pragian (Early Devonian, ~ 410 Ma) of Guangnan, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, southwestern China. Using X-ray computed tomography and three-dimensional digital visualization, we reconstructed the complete dermal head and trunk shields. In addition to diagnostic euantiarch characters, Yangfanyu retains several plesiomorphic features, notably the cavity for the cranio-spinal process and the oblique ridge on the lateral wall of the trunk shield. Phylogenetic analysis placed Yangfanyu at the most basal position among euantiarchs, forming the sister taxon to all other euantiarchs. This placement extends the fossil record of Euantiarcha by approximately 10 million years, refines character polarity at the base of the clade, and indicates that the characteristic euantiarch morphology was assembled progressively through the sequential acquisition of derived characters during the earliest stages of euantiarch evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149222981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and potential carcinogenicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in beached and pelagic tarballs along the eastern Arabian Sea.","authors":"Pradeep Preethy, V Suneel, G V M Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16049-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-026-16049-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tarballs, the weathered residues of petroleum hydrocarbons, are a recurring feature along the west coast of India, yet their role as carriers of toxic and carcinogenic compounds remains insufficiently quantified. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the distribution, composition, abundance and carcinogenic potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in pelagic and beached tarballs collected along the Eastern Arabian Sea and the adjacent coastal regions (2018-2024). Results indicate that both pelagic and beached tarballs are dominated by low and medium-molecular-weight(LMW) PAHs, with phenanthrene consistently identified as the most abundant compound. Total PAH concentrations were markedly higher in pelagic tarballs than in beached tarballs. Diagnostic PAH ratios and principal component analysis suggest that the observed differences in PAH composition between pelagic and beached tarballs are consistent with the effects of environmental weathering. Assessment based on benzo[a]pyrene toxic equivalents (BaP-TEQ) and carcinogenic PAH fraction (cPAH%) indicates higher carcinogenic potential in pelagic tarballs, whereas beached tarballs exhibited greater spatial variability in PAH composition. Despite evidence of weathering, carcinogenic PAHs persisted in both tarball types, with some locations exhibiting notably elevated contributions. Overall, the study demonstrates that pelagic tarballs function as mobile vectors of carcinogenic hydrocarbons in the marine environment, while beached tarballs act as persistent secondary sources of contamination.. These findings highlight the potential environmental concern associated with tarball-derived PAHs and underscore the need for sustained monitoring and management of petroleum residues along coastal ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wavelet-Based Detection of Strange Nonchaotic Attractors","authors":"Dmitry Lubchenko","doi":"10.1134/S1560354726050084","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1560354726050084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Strange nonchaotic attractors (SNA) are fractal invariant sets characterized by aperiodic dynamics and nonpositive largest Lyapunov exponents. Due to the fractal geometry and the absence of exponential sensitivity to initial conditions, SNA are often difficult to distinguish from chaotic attractors using time-series data. This study examines the applicability of wavelet-based analysis for the detection of strange nonchaotic regimes in dynamical systems. The proposed approach involves the analysis of wavelet scalograms and global wavelet energy spectra. It is shown that quasiperiodic and strange regimes can be distinguished by the structure of their scalograms. To distinguish between strange nonchaotic and chaotic regimes, global wavelet energy spectra are employed. Numerical results demonstrate the applicability of this method for identifying quasiperiodic, strange nonchaotic, and chaotic regimes from time-series data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":752,"journal":{"name":"Regular and Chaotic Dynamics","volume":"31 Editors:","pages":"814 - 824"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multipurpose Compact Neutrino Detector Based on a Gadolinium–Gallium-Containing Scintillator","authors":"A. N. Fazliakhmetov,&nbsp;B. K. Lubsandorzhiev,&nbsp;V. N. Gavrin,&nbsp;N. A. Ushakov,&nbsp;A. A. Budzinskaya,&nbsp;D. M. Voronin,&nbsp;A. D. Lukanov,&nbsp;D. A. Nanzanov,&nbsp;A. Yu. Sidorenkov","doi":"10.1134/S1062873826701881","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873826701881","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A concept of a multipurpose compact neutrino detector based on GAGG:Ce crystals is proposed. Its potential applications include testing the gallium anomaly using artificial neutrino sources, searching for 2νββ and 0νββ decays of the ¹⁶⁰Gd isotope, as well as detecting solar neutrinos. A prototype of a unit cell for such a detector is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"90 10","pages":"1824 - 1829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulas of C, P, T Conjugation for Spinor Field Operators","authors":"V. V. Monakhov","doi":"10.1134/S1062873826702060","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873826702060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We have shown that the standard CPT conjugation formulas are inapplicable to chirally asymmetric theories. The QFT formulas for the Lorentz transformations and the C, P, and T conjugations of spinors have been corrected. These ensure the correct unitarity or antiunitarity of discrete transformations and the chirality of the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"90 10","pages":"1950 - 1956"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocrine and systemic toxicity of pyriproxyfen in adult female zebrafish: disruption of the HPT axis and peripheral organ impairments.","authors":"Andressa Pereira Cabral, Fabricio Pereira Dos Santos Maia, Damáris Barcelos Cunha Azeredo, Andréa Souza de Jesus Santana, Lycia de Brito Gitirana, John Lennon de Paiva Coimbra, Denise Pires de Carvalho, Paula Soares, Eduardo Rios-Morris, Leandro Miranda-Alves","doi":"10.1007/s11356-026-38319-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-026-38319-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can destabilize the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, a fundamental regulator of vertebrate development and metabolism. Pyriproxyfen (PPF), a juvenile hormone analog widely utilized in vector control, is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for application at concentrations of up to 10 µg/L in drinking water; however, its safety profile for vertebrates remains a matter of concern. In this study, we investigated the endocrine and systemic impacts of PPF in adult female zebrafish exposed for 14 days to 1, 10, or 100 µg/L. Histological, hormonal, and transcriptional analyses across the thyroid, brain, liver, and kidney revealed a non-monotonic response centered on the WHO reference application concentration. The 10 µg/L group exhibited the most significant molecular impairment in the thyroid, characterized by the upregulation of slc5a5 (nis), nkx2.1, pax2a, and tshr, while repressing thyroglobulin (tg) expression. Consistent with these molecular alterations, thyroid epithelial disruption was observed at 1 and 10 µg/L. In contrast, exposure to 100 µg/L increased plasma TSH levels and the expression of pituitary tshb and hepatic dio1, suggesting a compensatory response of the HPT axis. Renal morphometry additionally revealed tubular alterations across all exposure groups. Overall, these findings demonstrate a non-monotonic concentration-response centered on 10 µg/L as a key mechanistic feature of PPF toxicity and support further evaluation of thyroid and renal endpoints in ecotoxicological risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational comparability of ecological status assessment in Iberian transboundary rivers.","authors":"António Tovar Faro, João Manuel Oliveira, Gonçalo Duarte, Paulo Branco, Pedro Segurado, Teresa Ferreira","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-16021-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-026-16021-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires member states to assess the ecological status of surface waters using biological quality elements (BQEs). Although the WFD includes intercalibration procedures to harmonise class boundaries, differences between national assessment systems may affect the comparability of ecological status classifications, particularly in transboundary rivers. This study evaluated the consistency of Portuguese and Spanish ecological status assessments in 32 water bodies across Iberian transboundary rivers in the Minho, Lima, Douro, Tagus and Guadiana basins, using data collected between 2019 and 2021. Comparisons included fish, macrophytes, benthic macroinvertebrates and diatoms. Biological assemblages, ecological quality ratios (EQRs) and ecological quality classifications were analysed. Results differed markedly among BQEs. Fish showed no significant differences in assemblage composition or EQR values between countries and a moderate positive correlation in ecological quality classifications. Macroinvertebrates displayed weak compositional separation, no differences in EQR values and a weak, nonsignificant positive correlation between countries. Macrophytes showed significant compositional differences despite similar EQR distributions and a weak, nonsignificant positive correlation in ecological quality classifications. Diatoms showed the strongest divergence, with clear assemblage separation, higher EQR values in Spain and a very weak, nonsignificant negative correlation between countries. Final ecological classifications also showed a weak, nonsignificant positive correlation between countries. These findings show that formal intercalibration alone does not guarantee operational comparability in shared river systems. Cross-border assessment consistency depends strongly on the BQEs considered and on methodological differences between national monitoring systems, highlighting the need for improved harmonisation of monitoring procedures and taxonomic practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}