Meng Sun , Xiaotong Ren , Lin Mu , Jiajia Gao , Zhen Wang , Yan Shang , Ming Dong , Liang Wang , Jianbiao Chen
{"title":"Unraveling the methane decomposition mechanism on Fe-Ni-Ca-O composite catalysts: A combined density functional theory and microdynamic study","authors":"Meng Sun , Xiaotong Ren , Lin Mu , Jiajia Gao , Zhen Wang , Yan Shang , Ming Dong , Liang Wang , Jianbiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates methane decomposition on NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and CaO-Ni<sub>3</sub>Fe catalysts <em>via</em> DFT and microdynamic modeling. The NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> surface exhibits only weak physical adsorption of CH<sub>4</sub>, with a high activation energy of 1.87 eV for the first dehydrogenation step. Deep dehydrogenation to form CO requires overcoming an even higher activation barrier of 2.79 eV. In contrast, the CaO-Ni<sub>3</sub>Fe interface significantly reduces the activation energy for the first CH<sub>4</sub> dehydrogenation step. Notably, a dual-path competition emerges at this interface: a carbon deposition pathway (CH<sub>3</sub>∗ → C∗) and a CO formation pathway (CH<sub>3</sub>∗→ CO). CaO promotes the oxidation of deposited carbon (C∗ + O → CO∗) <em>via</em> active oxygen species, combined with interfacial electron modulation. Furthermore, CaO reduces the apparent activation energy for the CO formation pathway to 4.51 eV, thereby optimizing the selectivity towards CO generation. Regarding the dual-path reaction scenario, low-temperature reactivity is governed by carbon oxidation control, while the reaction shifts towards the conversion of the CH<sub>3</sub>∗ intermediate at elevated temperatures. This study elucidates the temperature-dependent mechanism of dual-path competition, providing a theoretical foundation for designing carbon-resistant methane reforming catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 265-278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Man Sun , Zhengtao Xu , Senlin Li , Qian Sun , Yuan Pu , Dan Wang
{"title":"Synthesis of chemiluminescent carbonized polymer dots under atmospheric conditions for multimode luminescence anti-counterfeiting","authors":"Man Sun , Zhengtao Xu , Senlin Li , Qian Sun , Yuan Pu , Dan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemiluminescence (CL), due to its high sensitivity and simplicity, has garnered much attention in various applications while there was a very limited choice of CL agents and effective systems. Herein, a new chemiluminescent reagent of nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer dots (N-CPDs) was synthesized by optimizing the reactions of citric acid and ethylenediamine under atmospheric conditions, which is simple, low-cost and easy for industrial production. The obtained N-CPDs have good water dispersibility, narrow size distribution and strong blue photoluminescence in the wavelength range 410–570 nm upon excitation of ultraviolet light, as well as significant CL in peroxyoxalate systems with yellowish green emission in the wavelength range 480–700 nm. Applications of N-CPDs as sensing agents for illumination and information encryption were demonstrated, revealing widely practical prospect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaqian Dong , Shuyu Yue , Kai Wang , Taotao Li , Tiehua Ma , Dong Guo , Yuxiang Wu , Zhibo Wu , Yaohui Zhang , Junfei Liang
{"title":"Nano-confinement construction of FeCo@NCNTs nanocomposite for pH-universal oxygen reduction catalysis and high-power Zn-air battery","authors":"Yaqian Dong , Shuyu Yue , Kai Wang , Taotao Li , Tiehua Ma , Dong Guo , Yuxiang Wu , Zhibo Wu , Yaohui Zhang , Junfei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) pose a critical bottleneck in the energy conversion efficiency of fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Developing non-precious metal catalysts with pH-universal adaptability and high cost-effectiveness is an urgent need in the field. In this study, we introduce an innovative biomass pyrolysis-driven nano-confinement strategy. Expired milk powder and g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> are utilized as dual-function carbon sources to successfully construct a composite structure of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) encapsulating FeCo alloy nanoparticles (FeCo@NCNT). During high-temperature pyrolysis, the decomposition products of milk powder deposit onto the molten FeCo particles, forming carbon nanotubes, while the decomposition of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> provides nitrogen doping and induces periodic distortions in the carbon lattice, resulting in nanoconfined morphology of FeCo@NCNT. This structure formed by N-doped carbon nanotubes encapsulating FeCo alloy enables the catalyst to achieve half-wave potentials of 0.83, 0.71, and 0.60 V in 0.1 mol·L<sup>−1</sup> KOH, 0.5 mol·L<sup>−1</sup>·H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, and 0.1 mol·L<sup>−1</sup> PBS electrolytes, respectively. The assembled zinc–air battery exhibits an open-circuit voltage of 1.51 V and a peak power density of 169 mW·cm<sup>−2</sup>. This approach provides a new paradigm for biomass waste resource utilization and the design of energy catalysts for pH-universal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 17-29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Han , Qingshan Guan , Leqi Gu , Xiaoyan Sun , Tophet Wongladprom , Vissanu Meeyoo , Jengshiun Lim , Li Xia , Shuguang Xiang
{"title":"Optimizing energy efficiency in fluid catalytic cracking units with GA and NSGA-II: A comprehensive simulation and multi-factor analysis","authors":"Rui Han , Qingshan Guan , Leqi Gu , Xiaoyan Sun , Tophet Wongladprom , Vissanu Meeyoo , Jengshiun Lim , Li Xia , Shuguang Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global pursuit of carbon neutrality demands innovative strategies to decarbonize energy-intensive sectors, among which energy-saving optimization represents one of the most critical measures. As one of the largest energy consumers in refineries, the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) offers significant potential for energy savings and carbon emission reduction. This study presents a comprehensive simulation-optimization framework for enhancing the performance of FCCU, integrating process simulation, thermodynamic analysis, and evolutionary optimization under industrial operational constraints. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-Ⅱ) were employed for multi-objective optimization of energy efficiency, product yield, and economic revenue. A TOPSIS decision-making method was incorporated to identify the most favorable trade-off solutions from the Pareto front. Dual-objective optimization achieved balanced trade-offs between conflicting objectives. Specifically, the energy–yield optimization reduced energy consumption by 3.28% and increased product yield by 1.95%, resulting in a 9.63% decrease in energy use compared to the single-objective yield maximization case. Similarly, the energy-revenue optimization reduced energy consumption by 1.17% and increased revenue by 0.25%, resulting in a 5.42% decrease in energy use compared to the single-objective revenue maximization case. Economic and environmental assessments confirm system-level decarbonization, with pollutant (CO<sub>2</sub>/SO<sub>2</sub>/NO<sub><em>x</em></sub>) emissions reduced by 2.30% (energy-yield) and 3.34% (energy-revenue), respectively. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-objective framework and its potential as a transferable tool for performance enhancement and decarbonized, sustainable operation across FCCUs and broader refining systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 169-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongfeng Gao , Rongrong Han , Caizhu Liu , Zhuangmei Li , Zihao Li , Meng Wu , Yuhua Wu , Pengcheng Wu , Jianbo Wu , Hui Zhang , Hongcun Bai
{"title":"Revealing critical factors in lignite–water interactions: From atomic to macroscopic","authors":"Hongfeng Gao , Rongrong Han , Caizhu Liu , Zhuangmei Li , Zihao Li , Meng Wu , Yuhua Wu , Pengcheng Wu , Jianbo Wu , Hui Zhang , Hongcun Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.11.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.11.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal–water interactions stand as a pivotal scientific issue within the realm of clean coal technology. The structural characteristics, energies, and the interactions between diverse functional groups in lignite and water molecules has remained elusive. The intricate interaction between lignite and water were explored by the multi-scale molecular simulation. Quantum chemical calculations were conducted to pinpoint the localized minimum configurations across various adsorption sites on lignite, as well as the corresponding stable adsorption configurations. Water molecules adsorb at different sites of lignite and form stable adsorption conformations through various hydrogen bonding mechanisms; this process plays a crucial role in the stability of the lignite–water composite system. The van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds are the main type of the non-covalent interactions between lignite and water molecules. And the electrostatic interaction was the primary factor responsible for stabilizing the lignite–water interaction. The assembly behaviors and evolutionary traits of different quantities lignite molecules were revealed by the molecular dynamic simulation. Lignite molecular structures showed a certain level of aggregation in water, forming structures that cluster into coal particles. This provides a more profound and accurate understanding of the lignite–water interaction mechanism. By bridging microscopic interaction mechanisms with macroscopic industrial processes such as lignite drying or water–coal slurry, this work lays a foundation for efficient and clean utilization of lignite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 223-235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lifan Zhong , Xianchao Lv , Zhenyang Ling , Weerawut Chaiwat , Shasha Liu , Shu Zhang , Xingjie Lu , Miftahul Huda , Yong Huang , Jing-Pei Cao
{"title":"Biochar as a structure-tunable stationary phase for column chromatographic fractionation of bio-oil","authors":"Lifan Zhong , Xianchao Lv , Zhenyang Ling , Weerawut Chaiwat , Shasha Liu , Shu Zhang , Xingjie Lu , Miftahul Huda , Yong Huang , Jing-Pei Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex composition of bio-oil necessitates advanced separation strategies for its valorization. This work reports the application of biochar as a sustainable and structure-tunable stationary phase in column chromatography for the efficient fractionation of bio-oil. Biochars with distinctly different properties were engineered through pyrolysis of bamboo at 400 °C (bsC-400) and 700 °C (bsC-700). Comprehensive characterization confirmed that bsC-700 possessed a highly aromatized and hydrophobic surface with a well-developed porous network, while bsC-400 retained a polar and oxygen-functionalized surface. Their chromatographic performance revealed a fundamental structure-function relationship, as evidenced by the strong retention of sugars on the polar surface of bsC-400 <em>via</em> hydrogen-bonding interactions, which necessitated the use of aggressive solvents for elution. In contrast, bsC-700 exhibited exceptional affinity for phenolics <em>via</em> π-π stacking, while facilitating the early and efficient elution of sugars with moderately polar solvents due to its non-polar chemistry. This study establishes pyrolysis temperature as a critical design parameter for tailoring biochar selectivity, positioning it as a versatile stationary phase for targeting specific compound families within complex mixtures and advancing integrated biorefinery concepts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental and numerical studies of holdup and velocity behavior for inclined bubbly oil-water pipe flows","authors":"Ziyan Tang , Landi Bai , Bin Jiang , Ningde Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate characterization of flow structures and interphase interface instabilities in inclined two-phase flow is essential for dynamic monitoring of deviated well production. When the inclination is more than 15°, gravity and viscosity drive intermittent growth or decay of Kelvin–Helmholtz waves and induce countercurrent, yet the resulting local velocity and volume-fraction changes remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted numerical and experimental studies of oil–water flow at 45° using a framework combining the coupled level set and volume of fluid (CLSVOF) with the shear stress transport (SST) <em>k</em>–<em>ω</em> turbulence model. The numerical framework simulated oil holdup and velocity distributions for inclined two-phase flows, validated by a conductance probe sensing system (CPSS). The average absolute deviation (AAD) between the numerical framework and the quick-closing valves (QCV) is 0.022. Moreover, the numerical framework showed countercurrent phenomena in the dispersion oil in water-countercurrent (D O/W CT) and pseudo slug (D O/W PS). This article enhances understanding of the holdup and velocity behavior of inclined two-phase flows from local and global perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 330-351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Fei Sun , Ming-Long Wang , Ming Wang , Hong-Nan Chen , Jin-Rong Zhong , Jin-Long Cui , Ya-Bin Shi , Dan Rao , Chang-Yu Sun , Guang-Jin Chen
{"title":"CO2 leakage behavior from CO2 hydrate-liquid CO2-seawater coexistence system in unsealed sediments","authors":"Yi-Fei Sun , Ming-Long Wang , Ming Wang , Hong-Nan Chen , Jin-Rong Zhong , Jin-Long Cui , Ya-Bin Shi , Dan Rao , Chang-Yu Sun , Guang-Jin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrate-based CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration demonstrates promising potential for long-term carbon storage. However, considering that the hydrate stable zone is located in the shallow seabed, the adaptability and leakage risk of the formed CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate-liquid CO<sub>2</sub>-seawater system need to be investigated. Therefore, we explore the CO<sub>2</sub> leakage behavior from the CO<sub>2</sub> hydrate-liquid CO<sub>2</sub>-seawater coexistence system in submarine sediments caused by external <em>p</em>–<em>T</em> changes. The processes of system expansion and phase change corresponding to different <em>p</em>–<em>T</em> evolutionary paths are analyzed, thereby revealing their impact mechanisms on CO<sub>2</sub> leakage. The form of CO<sub>2</sub> leakage depends on the phase equilibrium boundary crossed by its state evolution trajectory, and there are three types of phase transition processes: liquid CO<sub>2</sub> gasification followed by hydrate decomposition into CO<sub>2</sub> gas; hydrate decomposition into liquid CO<sub>2</sub> followed by liquid CO<sub>2</sub> gasification; hydrate decomposes directly into liquid CO<sub>2</sub>. The results show that severe CO<sub>2</sub> leakage occurs after liquid CO<sub>2</sub> vaporization, with an escape rate approaching 90%. When the reservoir pressure is sufficient to maintain liquid CO<sub>2</sub>, the escape rate resulting from hydrate decomposition induced by temperature increase is approximately 14%. Meanwhile, due to larger volume changes, higher hydrate saturation can actually lead to an increase in the CO<sub>2</sub> leakage rate to 20%. Even so, CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration density in the hydrate state is higher than in the liquid state, and hydrated CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration can spontaneously mitigate changes in environmental temperature, representing a more stable sequestration form. This study provides new insights into the control of CO<sub>2</sub> leakage for geologic CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 254-264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zongying Li , Zihao Su , Hongyan Song , Chunxi Li , Hong Meng , Yingzhou Lu
{"title":"Mechanochemical preparation and properties of B–N doped carbon materials based on calcium carbide","authors":"Zongying Li , Zihao Su , Hongyan Song , Chunxi Li , Hong Meng , Yingzhou Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron–nitrogen co-doped carbon materials (BNCMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential applications in energy storage, catalysis, and adsorption owing to their unique structure and dual acidic and basic sites, and their efficient preparation is highly demanding. Here, we proposed a facile preparation method of BNCM by ball milling calcium carbide (CaC<sub>2</sub>), BCl<sub>3</sub> and cyanuric chloride (C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>Cl<sub>3</sub>) at ambient temperature. The structure and composition of the BNCMs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectra, transmission electron microscope, <em>etc</em>., and their adsorption performance for Congo red (CR) and methylene blue was investigated. The results show that BNCMs are nanosized mesoporous carbon materials with surface area of 385.3 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> and C, N and B-content of 74.6%, 6.6% and 2.4% respectively for BNCM-3. Furthermore, the contents of B and N can be regulated by the ratio of BCl<sub>3</sub> and cyanuric chloride to calcium carbide. BNCM-3 shows excellent adsorption performance for CR, with adsorptivity of 606 mg·g<sup>−1</sup> at 2.1 μg·g<sup>−1</sup> equilibrium concentration, making it suitable for the deep treatment of dye wastewater. Compared to Langmuir model, the Freundlich model can better describe the isothermal adsorption behavior. The removal rate of CR still remained 94.4% after 5 recycles. This study provides a green method for preparing boron–nitrogen co-doped carbon materials under mild conditions, which is of reference significance for the synthesis of other doped carbon materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 160-168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuyun Bao , Xinyu Li , Ziqi Cai , Zhengming Gao , J.J. Derksen
{"title":"Dynamic behavior of a single bubble in cavity flow driven by a turbulent channel","authors":"Yuyun Bao , Xinyu Li , Ziqi Cai , Zhengming Gao , J.J. Derksen","doi":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjche.2025.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas–liquid two-phase flow is a common phenomenon in both nature and industry processes. Predicting the behavioral trajectory of bubbles in complex flow fields is an aspect of gas–liquid flow, for which the analysis and understanding of the forces acting on the bubbles are necessary. This study investigates the motion of single bubbles about 2 mm in the recirculating flow in a quasi-two-dimensional cavity. The measured bubble trajectories and residence times are used to design a force-balance model of the bubble behavior. In the model, we track the bubble through a single-phase flow field, including the turbulent fluctuations and their time scales. Key items of the model are the drag force and lift force on the bubble. We introduce the effective lift coefficient, which represents the combined effects of bubble deformation, turbulence and wall shear. By tuning the drag and more importantly, the lift coefficient we achieve agreement between experimental and modeled bubble behaviors. Therefore, we are able to quantify the relative importance of the forces acting on the bubble and offer an empirical framework for modeling deformable bubble dynamics in multiphase systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9966,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 30-42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147861546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}